Unit 1 Time to Relax Section A 4a-4c 课件 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

R·八年级下册Unit1TimetoRelax第4课时SectionA(4a-4c)GrammarFocusLearninggoals区分动词不定式在句子中“宾语补足语”和“状语”这两种句法功能；理解动词不定式作“宾语补足语（补充说明宾语动作，常搭配感官/使役类动词）、作“状语”（多表目的等）的用法特点；准确判断具体句子里,加粗动词不定式对应的功能类型。Lead-inIusuallylistentomusictorelax.Iusuallygototheparktowalkadog.LookandsayWhatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?Whatwillyoudothisweekend?Idecidetoseeamoviewithmyfriends.Iplantogohikingwithmyparents.Iusuallylistentomusictorelax.Iusuallygototheparktowalkadog.Idecidetoseeamoviewithmyfriends.Iplanto

gohikingwithmyparents.Readandfind仔细观察这四个句子的结构，有什么相似之处呢？Infinitive动词不定式概述动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。本单元重点讲讲解动词不定式作宾语补足语和目的状语。动词不定式状语宾语补足语adverbialobjectcomplement“todo”Infinitive动词不定式动词不定式通常由“to+动词原形”构成，其中to是不定式符号，没有实际意义，有时可以不带to。动词不定式的否定形式是“notto+动词原形”。Sheaskedmetoplanatreasurehunt.她要我策划一个寻宝游戏。→Sheaskedmenottoplanatreasurehunt.她要我不要策划一个寻宝游戏。构成动词不定式作宾语补足语常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词（短语）有tell，ask，want，teach，encourage，expect，wish，invite，wouldlike等。Hetoldustohavearest.他告诉我们休息一下。Iexpectyoutogetoverthesedifficulties.

我期待你克服这些困难。用于解释说明宾语的动作或状态，通常用于宾语后面，构成“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。用法不带to的情况（1）在使役动词let，make，have之后作宾语补足语。Myparentsletmewatchcartoonsfor20minuteseverynight.

我父母允许我每晚看20分钟动画片。ImadeAlicechangehermind.

我让爱丽丝改变了想法。Mymotheroftenhasmecleanmybedroomonweekends.

我妈妈经常让我在周末打扫卧室。允许、放任（语气温和，无强制性）迫使、强迫（语气强硬，有强制性）让、叫、请（语气中性，偏“安排/请求”）（2）在感官动词（短语）feel，hear，listento，see，watch，notice，lookat之后作宾语补足语。Isawherleavehalfanhourago.

半小时前我看见她离开了。Shelikestolistentothebirdssinginthemorning.

她喜欢早上听鸟儿唱歌。Theyarelisteningtotherainbeatingagainstthewindow.他们正听着雨点敲打窗户的声音。注意：do强调动作的全过程或经常性doing强调动作正在进行（3）help后的动词不定式可带to，也可不带to。Pleasehelpme（to）putupatent.

请帮助我搭帐篷。Theteacherhelpedus(to)finishthegroupproject.

老师帮我们完成了小组课题。一感（feel），二听（hear，listento），三让（have，make，let），四看（see，watch，notice，lookat），半帮助（help）（即动词不定式在help后面作宾语补足语时，to可有可无）。巧记动词不定式不带to的情况动词不定式（todo形式）作目的状语时，用来说明主句动作的目的，翻译时常带有“为了”的含义，动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时,通常放在句末，无需加逗号；也可放在句首，强调目的，需加逗号,与后面的内容隔开动词不定式作状语动词不定式分句具有副词的特性，可在句中作状语。（1）动词不定式作目的状语Tokeephealthy,youshouldchangeyoureatinghabits.

为了保持健康，你应该改变饮食习惯。Igetupearlytocatchthefirstbus.

我早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。Hestayeduplateinordertofinishhishomework.

他熬夜是为了完成作业。Weshouldplantmoretreessoastoprotecttheenvironment.我们应该多植树来保护环境。注：为了加强语气，可在不定式前加inorderto或soasto，含义不变:inorderto：可放句首或句末soasto：只能放句末I’msorrytohearthat.听到那件事我很难过。常接在作表语的形容词后面。（2）动词不定式作原因状语Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.

她太小了，不能上学。常接用在“too...to”结构中。（3）动词不定式作结果状语（1）动词不定式作主语拓展其他用法Tobecomeanexcellentpilotismydream.

成为一名优秀的飞行员是我的梦想。动词不定式作主语时，一般位于句首，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。It’sdifficultformetoplaybasketball.对我来说，打篮球很难。注意：动词不定式作主语时，可以将动词不定式放在后面，而用it作形式主语，这是为了保持句子的平衡，避免头重脚轻。（2）动词不定式作宾语ShehopestovisittheGreatWallnextyear.

她希望明年去参观长城。Wedecidedtohaveapicnicthisweekend.

我们决定这个周末去野餐。①常接动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语）有want，decide，hope，agree，wish，learn，choose，begin，plan，expect，forget，wouldlike等。Ithinkithelpfultoworkouteveryday.

我认为每天锻炼很有帮助。②常用it作形式宾语，而将动词不定式放在后面作真正的宾语。真正宾语形式宾语（3）动词不定式作定语MountHuangshanisagoodplacetohavefun.

黄山是个好玩的地方。动词不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。Herdreamistobeanurse.她的梦想是当一名护士。常位于系动词be后面。（4）动词不定式作表语Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?Iplaytheflutetorelax.Howdidyouspendyourweekend?Iwenttothesportscentretoice-skate.Howdidyougetintopainting?Isawmymotherpaint.Idecidedtogiveitago.Whatdidyourinstructorsay?Shetoldmenottogiveupsoeasily.Readthesentences.Decideifeachinfinitiveinboldfunctionsasanobjectcomplementoradverbial.4aadverbialadverbialobjectcomplementobjectcomplementA:Thanksforyouradvice!Itmademe_________(decide)totryskiing.B:You’rewelcome.Try_________(forget)yourfearsandhavefun!A:Mycousinoftenasksme________(fly)kiteswithherwhenit’swindy.B:Thatsoundsfun!I’dlovetowatchyou________(fly)kitessometime.Completetheconversationswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.4b1.2.decidetoforgettoflyflyA:Ilovetowatchkungfumovies_________(relax).B:Really?WhenIwant__________(relax),Iwatchanimalvideos.A:Myparentstoldme___________(notpush)myselftoohard.B:Yes,it’simportant_____________(notforget)torelaxonceinawhile.3.4.torelaxtorelaxnottopushnottoforgetCompletethepassagewiththeinfinitiveformsoftheverbsinthebox.Whatdoyouusuallydooutdoors?4cMytwinbrotherandIlookalike,butwearesodifferent.Ilovesport,andIoftenmeetmyfriends_______footballandtennis.Mybrotherjoinedustoplayfootballonceortwice,buthedecided_________afterthat.Hedoesn’tlikesport(not)comedolistenplayspendstaywatchtoplaynottocomeverymuch!Instead,helikes__________athomeand________movies,________tomusic,andchatwithfriendsonline.Ourparentswereworriedabouthimstayinghometoomuch.Theyalsowantedus_________moretimetogetherasafamily.So,nowtheyletus__________ourfavouriteactivitiesonSaturdays,butonSundays,wegoonafamilyoutingtogether!(not)comedolistenplayspendstaywatchtostaywatchlistentospenddo动词后既可以用todo也可以用doingCHANT

两个开始更喜欢

(start/begin/prefer)爱憎分明要继续，

(love/like/hate/continue)后悔停止忘了记，(regret/stop/forget/remember)努力尝试有打算。

(try/mean)动词后既可以用todo也可以用doingstart/beginstart/begintodostart/begindoingsth开始做......preferprefertodopreferdoingsth更喜欢做......love/likelike/lovetodolike/lovedoingsth喜欢做......动词后既可以用todo也可以用doinghatehatetodohatedoingsth讨厌做......continuecontinuetodocontinuedoingsth继续做......动词后既可以用todo也可以用doingregretregrettodosthregretdoingsth遗憾要做...(未做)stopstoptodosthstopdoingsth停下来做......(未做)后悔做过...(已做)eg:MygrandfatherregretstovisitBeijing.(遗憾没有去过。)Iregrettellingyouthenews.(后悔告诉对方这个消息)意思不同注意辨析停止做......(已做)eg:Istoptosing.(还没开始唱。)Thelittlebabystoppedcrying.(已经哭过了。)1.Howdidyougetintopainting?你是怎么开始画画的?(教材P54a)（1）开始做某事getintoShegotintopaintingaftertakingafewartclasses.在上过几节美术课后，她就开始接触绘画了。Heeasilygotintothebuildingthroughtheopendoor.他轻而易举地从开着的门进入了大楼。（2）进入近义短语：takeup开始学；开始从事Languagepointsgetinto还可表示“处于(某种情形)；养成(某种习惯)”。Nobodywantstogetintotrouble.没有人想惹上麻烦。Shegotintothehabitoftakinganapatnoon.她养成了中午休憩的习惯。2.Isawmymotherpaint.Idecidedtogiveitago(教材P54a)此处go作名词，意为“尝试，一番努力”，giveitago是英语中常用的口语表达，相当于haveatry。giveitago试一试某事Thismathsproblemmaybetoohard，butlet’sgiveitagofirst.这道数学题也许太难，但我们先试一试吧。Letmehaveagoatridingyournewbike.让我试试骑你的新自行车。3.Itmademedecidetotryskiing.它让我决定尝试滑雪。（教材P54b）辨析：trydoingsth与trytodosthtrydoingsthtrytodosth尝试做某事尽力做某事强调试着做做看强调想尽一切办法做Didyouevertrywriting？你曾经尝试过写作吗？Don’tworry.I’lltrytodealwiththeproblem.不要担心。我将尽力处理这个问题。4.Ilovetowatchyouflykitessometime.有时间我想看你放风筝。（教材P54b）watchsbdosthwatchsbdoingsth观看某人做某事观看某人正在做某事强调观看动作发生的全过程或观看的动作经常发生强调观看的动作正在进行Ioftenwatchhimski.我经常看他滑雪。Iamwatchinghimskiing.不要担心。我正在看他滑雪。辨析：watchsbdosth与watchsbdoingsth类似watch这种用法的动词，常见的还有see，hear，notice等，其后都可以接dosth或doingsth作宾语补足语。①督促，鞭策

pushsb/oneselftoohard把某人/自己逼得太紧

pushsbtodosth督促/鞭策某人做某事push

v.督促；推Myparentspushmetostudyharderbeforetheexam.我父母催促我考试前更努力学习。Youcan’tpushyourchildrentoohard.你不能把你的孩子们逼得太紧。5.Myparentstoldmenottopushmyselftoohard.我父母告诉我不要逼自己太狠。(教材P54b)②推，推力反义词是pull“拉”Givethecarapush,anditwillstart.推一下这辆车，它就能发动了。Thechildneedsalittlepushtoclimbupthestep.这个小孩需要一点推力才能爬上台阶。6.Yes,it’simportantnottoforgettorelaxonceinawhile.是的，不忘偶尔放松一下很重要。(教材P54b)onceinawhile偶尔地；间或相当于fromtimetotime。表示某个动作或事件并非频繁发生，而是间隔一段时间出现一次。Hisgrandpagoesfishingonceinawhile.他的爷爷偶尔去钓鱼。Onceinawhile,Ihelppackupthings.我偶尔帮忙整理东西。7.Ourparentswereworriedabouthimstayinghometoomuch.我们的父母担心他待在家里太久。(教材P54c)toomuch辨析：toomuch，muchtoo与toomanymuchtootoomany太多太太多修饰动词，放在动词后修饰不可数名词，置于名词前修饰形容词或副词，表示程度修饰复数名词Therearetoomanyapplesandthey’remuchtoobig.Don’teattoomuchbecausetoomuchfoodisbadforyourhealth.苹果太多了，而且实在太大。别吃太多，因为太多的食物对你的健康不好。Practice2.Idecided________tothemountains,butmysisterwants________athome.A.going;staying B.togo;staying C.going;tostay D.togo;tostay3.—Do