2026年广东深圳市高三一模高考英语试卷试题（答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2026年深圳市高三年级第一次调研考试英语试卷共8页，卷面满分120分，折算成130分计入总分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，留存试卷，交回答题卡。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheInternationalLinguisticsOlympiad(IOL)isacompetitionforpre-universitystudents,heldinadifferentcountryeachyearsince2003.Itchallengesparticipants,bothindividuallyandinteams,tosolvelinguistic(语言学的)puzzles.TocompeteattheIOL,nospecialknowledgeisrequired,onlybasiclanguageconcepts,logic,patience,andcreativethinking.TrythisbeginnersampletoseeiftheIOLisrightforyou.APuzzleThenamesofsomeSouthAmericancountriesarewritteninGeorgian(格鲁吉亚语)withtheirEnglishtranslations:

Brazil

Peru

UruguayQ:WhatistheEnglishnameofthiscountry“”?TheSolution●TheGeorgianformsof“Peru”and“Uruguay”havethesamenumberoflettersastheirEnglishnames,showingadirectlettermatch.●TherepeatedUin“Uruguay”furtherconfirmsGeorgianiswrittenleft-to-right.●“Brazil”hasfewerlettersthantheGeorgianversion,butthankstothetwoothernames,wealreadyknow:→R,→A,→G,→E.●Withtheseletters,thepatterncanbetranslatedas“ARGE____A,”whichis“Argentina.”ContestRules●Eachindividualcontestantorteammustchooseaworkinglanguagefortheirproblemsandsolutions,achoicethatcannotbechangedlessthantwoweeksbeforetheOlympiadbegins.●Theindividualcontestinvolvessolvingfiveproblemsinsixhours,whereastheteamcontestfeaturesoneproblemwithtwohoursless.●Unlessinstructed,givingmultipleanswerswillreceivezeromarks.Besides,adetailedexplanationisrequiredforeachanswer;failuretoprovideonewillresultinalowerscore.AwardsTheteamcontestwillawarduptoonegold,twosilver,andthreebronzemedals.Intheindividualcontest,thenumberofgold,silver,andbronzemedalsawardedshallbeintheratio1:2:3,withthetotalnumberofmedalsbeingbetweenonequarterandonethirdofthecontestants.Clickheretofindoutotherawards.1．Whichisessentialtosolvethesamplepuzzle?A．Linguisticfluency. B．Reasoningability.C．Geographicknowledge. D．Mathematicalcalculation.2．Whatisdifferentabouttherulesfortheindividualandteamcontest?A．Thedurationofthecompetition. B．Thedeadlineforlanguagechoice.C．Theresultofgivingmultipleanswers. D．Therequirementforanswerexplanations.3．Ifthereare240individualcontestants,howmanymedalscouldbeawardedintotal?A．40. B．54. C．72. D．84.BThissummerIcameface-to-facewiththreedeep-rootedfears:heights,bears,andageing.Twofriendsjoinedmeonafour-daywildernessgetaway,andsincewewereallinourseventies,wedecidedwe’dbettergowhilewestillcould.Ouradventurebeganwithascarydriveupawindingmountainroad.Ononehike,Ifoundmyselfhangingontoawireonabridgemadeoftwopartlyrotten(腐烂的)logs,suspendedhighaboverushingrapids.Iwouldneverhaveattempteditwithoutourguideahead,mouthingencouragingwords.Fixingmyeyesonherboots,Iinchedalongtheshakylogs.Somehow,Imadeitacross,floodedwitharushofintenseexcitementandhugerelief.Later,afterspottingbeartracks,weweretoldtomakeloudnoises,whichsoonbecameagameoncethetensionfaded.Untilsuddenly,timestoodstill.Wehadjustcrossedastreamwhentheguidewhispered,“There’sabear.”Ilookedupindisbeliefandsawnotone,buttwo,abouttenmetersaboveus—thebrownmotherinfront,hercubbehind.Thoughscaredspeechless,Icouldn’thelpnoticinghowbeautifultheylookedintheirnaturalsetting.Iwonderedifitwouldbemylastmemory.Astheystartedtowardsus,werecoveredenoughtoshoutandwaveourhikingpoles.Takenaback,theystopped,andthenslowlyturnedaway.Anotherfearwasovercome!Onourfinalmorning,afteraquiet,thoughtfulwalkthroughtheforest,wewereaskedtobringbacka“meaningful”stick,rock,andleaftosharewhatwould“stick”withus,what“rocked,”andwhatwewould“leaf”behind.Thebondoffriendshipwouldstickwithme.Womensupportingoneanothertrulyrocked.AndIhopedtoleavesomefearsbehind.Ourguideendedbyexpressingheradmiration,praisingnotonlyourfitnessbutalsoourpositiveattitude,andsayingshehopedtobelikeusinanotherthirtyorfortyyears.Thoseunexpectedwordswarmedmyheartandeasedmyfearofbeing“overthehill.”BeingvaluedforwhatwehadaccomplishedfeltlikewinninganOlympicmedal—evenifjustforparticipation.4．Howdidtheauthorcrossthebridge?A．Bytakingmindfulsteps. B．Byrushingacrossitbravely.C．Byusinghersenseofdirection. D．Byhavingtheguidedragherover.5．Whydidthebearsleave?A．Theywereattractedbythenaturalsetting. B．Theywereafraidofthenoiseoftherapids.C．Theyweresurprisedatthegroup’sactions. D．Theywerethreatenedbytheguide’srocks.6．Whydidtheguideaskthemforastick,rock,andleaf?A．Topickupsomesouvenirs. B．Toreflectonthejourney.C．Tosymbolizetheirteamwork. D．Tochecktheirobservationskills.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“overthehill”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Pastthepeakofyouth. B．Toohightogodown.C．Outofplaceinsociety. D．Beyondphysicallimits.CResearchersfromtheUniversityofBuenosAireshavesuccessfullyusedarobotictutortoteachthemalechingolo,akindofsmallbirdinSouthAmerica,asongthatwasoncepartofthespecies’culturebuthadbeenlostformorethanhalfacentury.Malechingoloslearntheirunique,two-secondmelodyfromadultmales.“Itisadistinctivesong—likeafingerprint,butlearned,”saysoneoftheresearchers.“Itservestoattractfemalesandprotectterritory.Itisthebird’swayofsaying,“Thisisme,andhereIam.”However,urbanizationandhabitatlosshavebrokenthislearningchain,causinglocalsong“dialects”todisappear.Drivenbythisproblem,researcherstookonapioneeringtask:bringingbackasongthathaddisappearedfromthewild—knownonlyfromamusicalrecordmadeinthe1960s—toapopulationofchingolos.Usingphysics-basedmodelingofthebird’svocaltract(声道),theteamfirstcreatedanaccurateartificialversionofthelostsong.Theythenengineeredthismodelintoaphysicaldevicedesignedtobroadcasttheforgottenmelody—a“robotictutor.”ThisartificialsongwasintroducedtothechingolosintheparkduringtheircriticallearningperiodfromOctobertoFebruary.Thesessionstookplaceduringpeaksinginghoursandwerelimitedtoamaximumofeighthours.Therewererandompauses(停顿)inbetweensothatthebirdsinterpretedtheplaybackfromthethreedevicesplacedintheareaasarealexchange,asifthesedeviceswererespondingtoeachother.Thisstimulatedthebirds’vocalresponses.Theresultswereimpressive.Youngchingoloslearnedandadoptedthesong,thoughtheyaddedtheirownpopulation’s“accent”tothefinaltrill(颤音),whichshowedthattheirsingingisshapedbylearnedbehaviorsandinborncharacteristics.“Thisisaboutpreservingnotjustgenetic,butculturalbiodiversity,”saysanotherresearcher.TheteamisnowdevelopingAIsystemstoautomaticallyidentifyindividualbirdsongsandplanningtostudyculturalspreadinbirdpopulationstoensurethatbirdcultureisnotlostagain.8．Whydidtheresearchersteachthebirdsthesong?A．Tosaveanendangeredspecies. B．Tostudythebirds’brainstructure.C．Todevelopnewroboticdevices. D．Topreservethebirds’culturalheritage.9．Whatisaroleofchingolos’song?A．Itkeepshuntersawayfromthem. B．Ithelpsthemadapttourbangrowth.C．Itfunctionsastheirsocialidentity. D．Itmakesthemremembertheirhabitat.10．Whatisthepurposeoftherandompauses?A．Toprotectthebirds’vocaltract. B．Totestthebirds’reactionspeed.C．Topushthebirdstocatchthebeat. D．Totrickthebirdsintointeraction.11．Whatcanwelearnfromchingolos’learningresults?A．Thesonghasspreadtootherbirdspecies. B．Theirsingingshowsspecialvocalfeatures.C．Theirresponsetothesongneedsimproving. D．Theeffectivenessdependsontheirpopulation.DWhenyourub(摩擦)aballoononyourskin,itproduceselectricity—afamiliarexampleofchargeseparation(电荷分离),aprocessinwhichoppositechargesareseparated,creatingelectricpotential.Similarly,raindropsstrikinganarrowtubecreateatinyyetsignificantburstofenergy.Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)havetappedintothiseffecttogenerateelectricityusingrain-likedroplets.Conventionalhydropower(水力发电)reliesonlargewaterflows,whichonlyworkinplaceslikerivers.Forsmaller,slowerflows,researchershaveexploredchargeseparation.Theyuseatubetoletwaterflowthroughitcontinuously.Chargesgatheronthesurfacethatthewatertouches.Inthisway,researcherscancollectcharges,butitisfarfromeffective.Tosolvethisproblem,theNUSteambuiltaspecialdevice.Atbothendsofthedevice—thetopofthenewly-designedtube(about2millimetersinwidth),andthewater-collectingcupatthebottom—electricalwireswereplacedtoharvestcharges.First,waterisreleasedfromametalneedle,formingrain-likedroplets.Whenthesedropletsenterthetube,theirimpactscreate“plugflow,”inwhichthewaterformsminicolumnsseparatedbyairgaps.Thisflowiscrucialbecauseitallowsmoresurfacecontactandmoretimeforchargestobuildup,generatingupto100,000timesmorechargeseparationthancontinuousflow.Aschargeddropletsexitthetubeandfallintothecup,chargesbuildupinthewater,creatinganelectriccurrent.Intests,fourtubesproducedenoughelectricitytopower12LEDlightscontinuouslyfor20seconds.Accordingtothestudy’sleadauthor,thismodelshowshowraincanbeusedtogeneratecleanelectricityeffectivelyandsustainably,especiallyinrainyplacessuchasSingapore.Itspotentialisenormous,asitoffersanalternativeenergysourceevenincities.Imaginearaincollectiondeviceonyourroof,producingsmallamountsofelectricitywheneveritrains—asmallstepforaraindrop,butagiantleapforsustainableenergytechnology.12．WhatproblemdotheNUSresearchersaimtosolve?A．Thedifficultyofseparatingcharges. B．Thelackofcleanelectricitysources.C．Theinefficiencyofchargeharvesting. D．Thedamageoftraditionalhydropower.13．Whichofthefollowingbestillustrates“plugflow”?A． B． C． D．14．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyaboutconcerningthemodel?A．Itspotentialcostinurbanareas. B．Itspromisinguseingreenenergy.C．Itscomplexdesignforrainpower. D．Itspracticalneedformoredevices.15．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．RevolutionaryEnergyfromRaindrops B．UrgentDemandforSustainableEnergyC．CapturingRaindropsthroughInnovation D．TurningChargeSeparationintoElectricity第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Iputonaheadset,andwithinsecondsIamsomewhereelse.Icesheetsfloatondarkwater.Windbrushespastmyears,sharpandrestless.Inthedistance,mountainsglow(发光)underthemoonlight.Momentslater,Ifindmyselfinsideamuseum,leaningclosetoapaintingIhaveneverseeninreallife.___16___Thisisthepromiseofvirtualreality(VR):aworlddeliveredtouswithoutleavinghome.Thereismuchtoappreciateinthisformoftravel.___17___Thereisnoneedtoconsiderweatherconditions,healthissuesorfinancialpressure.Youmayenterdistantplacesatanymomentandleavejustasfreely.Forthoserestrictedbyschedule,health,orincome,VRquietlyremovesbarriersthattraditionaltraveloftensetsinplace.___18___Travelerswanderthroughunfamiliarstreets,samplelocaldishes,andengageface-to-facewithpeopleshapedbydifferenttraditions.Suchencountersawakenthesensesandcreatelastingmemories.Moreimportantly,theychangehowplacesfeeltous,notjusthowweunderstandthem.Thisdistinctionisclear,becauselearningaboutadestinationisnotthesameasbeingthere.Virtualtraveloffersdesignedscenesandprogrammedsensations,butitremainscarefullycontrolled.Realtravel,bycontrast,isshapedbyunpredictability.___19___Inthoseunplannedmoments,understandingbecomeslivedratherthanrecorded.Virtualrealitywillundoubtedlycontinuetoevolve,enrichinghowwepreviewjourneysandimaginedistantworlds.Still,itcannotreplaceactualpresence.Travelisnotsimplyaboutseeingfarther;itisalsoaboutfeelingwhereyoustand.___20___A．Iamnotmoving,yetIamtraveling.B．Yetrealtravelleavesadeepermark.C．Myfeetacheasmyjourneystretchesacrosstheday.D．Virtualjourneysareconvenient,time-saving,andwidelyaccessible.E．Someknowledge,itseems,onlyarriveswhenyourfeetareontheground.F．Itdemandschoices,adaptation,andconstantawarenessoftheunexpected.G．Buttheconveniencemaygraduallyweakenourdesiretoexploretherealworld.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IstillrememberthedayIboughtmy“nice”notebook.Itwasaleather-boundjournalwithcream-coloredpages.Iwassureitwouldmakemethetypeofpersonwhojournalsregularly,andwho_______beautifulthoughts.Butitdidn’twork.Thatgorgeousnotebooksat_______formonths.WhenIfinallyopenedit,Ihesitated.Thepagesfelttoodelicateandtoo_______towasteonmymessyhandwritingandideas.SoI_______it.Instead,Igrabbedanold,uglycompositionnotebookwitha_______coveranddog-earedcorners.Istartedto_______itwitheverything:morningpages,randomthoughtsandreminders.Thisissurprisingly_______.Iactuallywrote.Everyday.Withoutexception.Thepsychologyisreal.Whenwe_______somethingtoomuch,weplacelimitsaroundit,feelingitis“toogood”.Buttheuglynotebookcarriesnosuch_______.Ithasbeenused.Ittellsme,“Thisisa________forthinkingandliving,notamuseumpiece.”Here’sthething:________notebooksareideaincubators(孵化器).Withthepressureoff,youexperimentmore.Youtrythingsthatmight________.Andinthatfreedom,badideasIwas________embarrassedaboutgraduallyevolvedintoworkI’mproudof.Andthat’swheretherealworkofcreationhappens.Thebestnotebookisneverthemostbeautifulone.It’stheoneyou’llactually________.Becausethemagichappensinthe________,notinperfectpages.Youruglynotebookiswaiting.21．A．changes B．captures C．follows D．lacks22．A．unfinished B．unclaimed C．undiscovered D．untouched23．A．secret B．smart C．precious D．personal24．A．closed B．decorated C．delivered D．fixed25．A．torn B．hard C．hidden D．fancy26．A．guard B．surround C．fill D．serve27．A．annoying B．freeing C．demanding D．convincing28．A．plan B．doubt C．control D．admire29．A．luck B．warning C．promise D．pressure30．A．tool B．test C．guide D．reason31．A．incomplete B．impractical C．imperfect D．irregular32．A．cheat B．fail C．hurt D．disappear33．A．slightly B．initially C．hardly D．consequently34．A．runinto B．referto C．lookat D．reachfor35．A．preparing B．thinking C．writing D．reading第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenIfirstopenedWheretheDeerHideintheWoods,IfeltasifIweresteppingintoaworld____36____theauthor’swordsflowlikegentlemusic.TheTangpoems,____37____(translate)withthemastertouchofXuYuanchong,speaksoftlyintwovoices—oneChinese,oneEnglish—eachechoing(回响)withcalm,beauty,andquiet____38____(deep).Thebook____39____(divide)intosixchapters,eachunfoldingadistinctlandscapeofemotion—sorrow,peace,love,longing,solitude,andreflection.Iwas____40____(genuine)movedwhenIread“Themonkeysonbothbanksarestillcalling;mylightboathassailedpastathousandhills.”Ifully____41____(sense)LiBai’sliberatedsoul—hisjoyatbeingpardonedbytheemperor—flowingthroughthelines.Eachpageofthebookisenrichedwiththoughtfulnotes,vividbackgroundstories,andtraditionalChinesebrush-style____42____(illustration).Xu’sartfulworktransformstherhythm(节奏)ofChinesepoems____43____Englishmusic,arecreationthathonorsboththeoriginalanditsnewform.____44____(read)thisbookfeelslikeajourneythroughheartsandlandscapes.Foranyonewhotreasurespoetry,painting,orthemeetingoftwoculturesinperfectharmony,WheretheDeerHideintheWoodsis____45____must-readthatbeautifullyservesasthebridge.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46．假定你是李华。你的朋友Alex计划参观中国国家博物馆，他来信请你推荐一件你喜欢的展品。请你给他回复邮件，结合外观、功能等，推荐这盏汉代的雁鱼青铜灯(BronzeWildGoose-and-FishLamp)。注意：1.词数80左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearAlex,Gladtohearyou’revisitingtheNationalMuseumofChina!____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ThecommunitylibrarywasMegan’speacefulkingdom,aplaceofquietwhispersandturningpages.Everysummervacation,sheworkedasastudentvolunteer,feelingresponsibleforprotectingthisquietspace.Lately,aboynamedLiamhadbecomeherchallenge.Liamwasn’trude—hejustcouldn’tsitstill.Likeclockwork,hewouldgetupto“stretchhislegs,”pacingbetweenthebookshelves.Sometimeshe’daccidentallyknockoverachair.Once,absorbedinapicturebook,heletoutaloud“Whoa!”whenhesawagiantdinosaurfilledthepage.Inthesilence,eachsounddrewlooksfromotherreaders.Yesterday,whenMeganwalkedoverandremindedhimgentlyagain,Liam’sfaceturnedred.“I’mreallysorry,”hewhisperedsincerely.“Idon’tmeanto.Ijust...Ireallylikebeinghere.”Shebelievedhim.ShehadnoticedthatLiamwasacuriousexplorerofbooks.Hewouldpulloutabookondinosaurs,readingwithintensefocusforafewminutes,thenmoveontoanotheraboutvolcanoesorspacerockets.Hejustlovedthelibrary.Meganwentbacktoheroffice.Anoteontheheadlibrarian’sdeskcaughthereye.Itread,“MoreLivelyReadingActivities?Booksharing?Acting?”Seeingthis,Megansuddenlyrememberedthelibrarianhadmentionedshecouldfeelfreetousethegardenatthebackofthelibrary.Itwasaplacewheresomeunuseditemswerestored—someoldchairs,foldingtables,allpiledupgatheringdustunderalargetree.Atthetime,Meganhadn’tthoughtmuchaboutit.Butnow,thethoughtsofdirectingLiam’senergyandmakinguseofthegardenconnectedinhermind.Perhapsthesolutionwasn’ttoquietLiamdown,buttogivehisenergyandloveforbooksapositivestage,righthereintheirownlibrary.Anideafora“GardenReadingCorner”project,aimedatyoungreaders,begantotakeshape.Thenextmorning,shefoundLiamamongthebookshelves.“Wanttodosomethingreallycool?”shesaid,hervoicelowbutexcited.Liamdidnotansweratonce,buttheeagerlightinhiseyessaideverything.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Forthenextweek,MeganandLiambusiedthemselveswiththeproject.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Ontheopeningdayoftheproject,theywaitednervouslyinthegarden.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．B2．A3．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了国际语言学奥林匹克竞赛（IOL）的赛事背景、样题示例、比赛规则及奖项设置等相关信息。1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TocompeteattheIOL,nospecialknowledgeisrequired,onlybasiclanguageconcepts,logic,patience,andcreativethinking.(参加IOL比赛不需要特殊知识，只需要基本的语言概念、逻辑、耐心和创造性思维。)”以及样题的解题过程可知，解决样题谜题的关键在于逻辑推理能力。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据ContestRules部分“Theindividualcontestinvolvessolvingfiveproblemsinsixhours,whereastheteamcontestfeaturesoneproblemwithtwohoursless.(个人赛是在6小时内解决5道题，而团队赛是解决1道题，时间少2小时。)”可知，个人赛和团队赛的不同之处在于比赛时长。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据Awards部分“Intheindividualcontest,thenumberofgold,silver,andbronzemedalsawardedshallbeintheratio1:2:3,withthetotalnumberofmedalsbeingbetweenonequarterandonethirdofthecontestants.(在个人赛中，金牌、银牌和铜牌的颁发数量比例为1:2:3，且奖牌总数应在参赛人数的四分之一到三分之一之间。)”可知，若有240名个人参赛者，则奖牌总数应在240乘以四分之一等于60，和240乘以三分之一等于80之间。在这个区间的为72。故选C。4．A5．C6．B7．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与两位年过七旬的朋友的四天荒野探险经历。4．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Fixingmyeyesonherboots,Iinchedalongtheshakylogs.(我盯着她的靴子，小心翼翼地沿着摇晃的圆木慢慢挪动。)”可知，作者盯着向导的靴子，小心翼翼地一步步走过摇晃的圆木桥。故选A项。5．细节理解题。根据第六段的句子“Astheystartedtowardsus,werecoveredenoughtoshoutandwaveourhikingpoles.Takenaback,theystopped,andthenslowlyturnedaway.(当它们开始向我们走来时，我们缓过神来，大声呼喊并挥舞登山杖。它们吃了一惊，停了下来，然后慢慢转身离开。)”可知，熊被作者一行人的呼喊和挥杖动作吓到，因此转身离开。故选C项。6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的句子“Onourfinalmorning,afteraquiet,thoughtfulwalkthroughtheforest,wewereaskedtobringbacka“meaningful”stick,rock,andleaftosharewhatwould“stick”withus,what“rocked,”andwhatwewould“leaf”behind.(在我们旅行的最后一个早晨，我们在森林里安静而沉思地走了一段之后，被要求带回一根“有意义的”木棍、岩石和树叶来分享哪些会“留存”在我们心中，哪些“震撼”了我们，以及我们愿意“放下”什么)”可知，向导通过这些自然物品引导大家反思旅程中的收获与感悟。故选B项。7．词句猜测题。根据最后一段的语境，向导称赞她们的健康和积极态度，并表示希望自己三四十年后也能像她们一样。这些意外的话语温暖了作者的心，缓解了她对“overthehill”的恐惧。结合前文提到的“wewereallinourseventies(我们都七十多岁了)”以及“ageing(变老)”这一主题，“overthehill”指的是已过青春巅峰、年老体衰的状态。故选A项。8．D9．C10．D11．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的研究人员成功利用机器人导师，让一种南美小鸟——雄性红领带鹀重新学会了一首曾是该物种文化一部分，但已消失半个多世纪的歌曲，以及研究过程、结果和意义。8．细节理解题。根据第一段“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBuenosAireshavesuccessfullyusedarobotictutortoteachthemalechingolo,akindofsmallbirdinSouthAmerica,asongthatwasoncepartofthespecies’culturebuthadbeenlostformorethanhalfacentury.(布宜诺斯艾利斯大学的研究人员已成功使用机器人导师，教南美一种小型鸟类——雄性红领带鹀学习一首曾属于该物种文化、但已消失半个多世纪的鸣唱)”以及最后一段“Thisisaboutpreservingnotjustgenetic,butculturalbiodiversity(这不仅是为了保护遗传多样性，也是为了保护文化多样性)”可知，研究人员教鸟儿这首歌是为了保护鸟类的文化遗产。故选D项。9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Itservestoattractfemalesandprotectterritory.Itisthebird’swayofsaying,“Thisisme,andhereIam.”(它用来吸引雌鸟和保护领地。这是鸟儿表达“这就是我，我就在这里”的方式。)”可知，红领带鹀的歌声是它们的社会身份标识。故选C项。10．细节理解题。根据第四段“Therewererandompauses(停顿)inbetweensothatthebirdsinterpretedtheplaybackfromthethreedevicesplacedintheareaasarealexchange,asifthesedeviceswererespondingtoeachother.Thisstimulatedthebirds’vocalresponses.(中间有随机停顿，这样鸟儿就会把放置在该区域的三个设备播放的声音当作真实的交流，就好像这些设备在互相回应一样。这刺激了鸟类的发声反应。)”可知，随机停顿的目的是诱使鸟儿进行互动。故选D项。11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Youngchingoloslearnedandadoptedthesong,thoughtheyaddedtheirownpopulation’s“accent”tothefinaltrill(颤音),whichshowedthattheirsingingisshapedbylearnedbehaviorsandinborncharacteristics.(年轻的红领带鹀学习并采用了这首歌，尽管它们在最后的颤音中加入了自己种群的“口音”，这表明它们的歌声是由习得行为和先天特征共同塑造的。)”可知，从红领带鹀的学习结果中我们可以了解到它们的歌声表现出特殊的发声特征。故选B项。12．C13．D14．B15．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡国立大学的研究人员通过利用雨滴撞击窄管产生的电荷分离效应，开发出一种新型发电装置，有效解决了小流量水发电效率低的问题，展示了雨滴发电在绿色能源领域的巨大潜力。12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Forsmaller,slowerflows,researchershaveexploredchargeseparation.Theyuseatubetoletwaterflowthroughitcontinuously.Chargesgatheronthesurfacethatthewatertouches.Inthisway,researcherscancollectcharges,butitisfarfromeffective.(对于更小、更慢的水流，研究人员已经探索了电荷分离。他们用一根管子让水不断流过。电荷聚集在水接触的表面。通过这种方式，研究人员可以收集电荷，但效果远不理想。)”可知，研究人员面临的问题是收集电荷的效率很低。因此，NUS研究人员旨在解决的问题是电荷收集的低效性。故选C项。13．推理判断题。根据第三段“Whenthesedropletsenterthetube,theirimpactscreate“plugflow,”inwhichthewaterformsminicolumnsseparatedbyairgaps.(当这些水滴进入管道时，它们的撞击会产生“塞流”，即水形成由气隙隔开的小柱。)”可知，“塞流”指的是水形成由气隙隔开的小柱，结合选项可知，D项符合“塞流”的特点。故选D项。14．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Accordingtothestudy’sleadauthor,thismodelshowshowraincanbeusedtogeneratecleanelectricityeffectivelyandsustainably,especiallyinrainyplacessuchasSingapore.Itspotentialisenormous,asitoffersanalternativeenergysourceevenincities.Imaginearaincollectiondeviceonyourroof,producingsmallamountsofelectricitywheneveritrains—asmallstepforaraindrop,butagiantleapforsustainableenergytechnology.(根据该研究的主要作者的说法，这个模型展示了如何有效地和可持续地利用雨水来发电，特别是在像新加坡这样的多雨地区。它的潜力是巨大的，因为它即使在城市中也提供了一种替代能源。想象一下，在你的屋顶上有一个雨水收集装置，每当下雨时都能产生少量的电力——对雨滴来说是一小步，但对可持续能源技术来说是一大步。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是该模型在绿色能源方面有前景的应用。故选B项。15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)havetappedintothiseffecttogenerateelectricityusingrain-likedroplets.(现在，新加坡国立大学（NUS）的研究人员利用这种效应，利用类似雨滴的水滴发电。)”可知，文章主要介绍了新加坡国立大学的研究人员利用雨滴撞击窄管产生的电荷分离效应来发电，展示了雨滴发电在绿色能源领域的巨大潜力，因此，A项“RevolutionaryEnergyfromRaindrops(来自雨滴的革命性能源)”是最合适的标题。故选A项。16．A17．D18．B19．F20．E【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过作者的虚拟现实体验引入，探讨了虚拟旅行与现实旅行的区别，指出虚拟现实无法替代真实旅行所带来的感官体验和情感联结。16．前文“Iputonaheadset,andwithinsecondsIamsomewhereelse.(我戴上头戴设备，几秒钟后就置身于别处。)”为接下来的虚拟现实旅游做好准备，继而描述作者在虚拟现实中的沉浸体验。后文“Thisisthepromiseofvirtualreality(VR):aworlddeliveredtouswithoutleavinghome.(这就是虚拟现实（VR）的愿景：一个无需离家便能抵达的世界。)”是对前文的概括总结，A选项“我没有移动，却正在旅行”概括了前文的虚拟旅行体验，又引出后文要讨论的核心内容，承接上文并点明主题。故选A。17．根据前文“Thereismuchtoappreciateinthisformoftravel.(这种旅行方式有很多值得欣赏的地方。)”可知，接下来应说明虚拟旅行的优点。D选项“虚拟旅行方便、省时且易于实现。”具体阐述了虚拟旅行的优势，与上文形成顺承关系。故选D。18．空处为本段第一句，应起总起作用。后文“Travelerswanderthroughunfamiliarstreets,samplelocaldishes,andengageface-to-facewithpeopleshapedbydifferenttraditions.Suchencountersawakenthesensesandcreatelastingmemories.Moreimportantly,t