【英语时文阅读】课本上朱元璋“变帅”了

1WhyDidEmperorZhuYuanzhang"ChangeHisFace"inTextbooks?Recently,ahistoricalfigure"gotaglow-up"andwentviralonlineinChina.Thesubjectofthebuzz?ZhuYuanzhang,thefoundingemperoroftheMingDynasty.Formany,theoldtextbookimageofhimwasunforgettable.Hisfacelookedlongandthin,withaprotruding(突出的)chinandmanysmalldarkspots—somepeoplejokeditwaslikea"shoehornface"(鞋拔子脸).Butnow,newtextbooksfeatureadifferentpicture:amanwitharoundface,neatfeatures,andaserious,noblelook.Whythebigchange?Actually,twoversionsofZhu’sportraitshaveexistedsincetheMingDynasty.Oneisthe"officialportrait"fromtheMingcourt(宫廷),showinghimasadignified(威严的)rulerwithafullface.Theotheristhe"unusualportrait"withthestrangeface,whichspreadamongcommonpeople.Expertssaytheofficialportraitismorereal.First,aMingofficialoncesawtheemperor’srealfaceandwrotethathehad"brighteyes,astraightnose,andamoon-likeface"—justlikethenewtextbookpicture.Second,Zhu’sdescendants(后代)(likehissonZhuDi(朱棣))allhadroundfaces,whichfitsfamilygenetics(遗传学).Asforthe"shoehornface"version,itmayhavetworeasons.SomesayZhuusedittohidehisidentitywhentravelingsecretly.Othersbelieveancientpeoplethoughtgreatleadersmustlook"differentfromordinarypeople"toshowtheirspecialfate.Today,textbookshavechosentherealofficialportrait.Thischangeisnotaboutmakinghimlook"better,"butaboutreturningtohistoricaltruthbasedonevidence.Itsignalsashiftfromstorytellingtoamorefactualapproach,encouragingstudentstofocusonZhuYuanzhang'sroleasarulerandhisimpactonhistory,ratherthanjusthisunusualappearance.2阅读理解1.Theunderlinedphrase"gotaglow-up"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto.A.becamemorefamousB.receivedanewtitleC.wasdigitallyimprovedD.wasdescribedmorepositively2.WhydoestheauthormentionZhuDiinParagraph4?A.ToshowthatZhuYuanzhanghadmanychildren.B.Toprovideevidencesupportingtheofficialportrait.C.Toexplainwhythe"shoehornface"imagewascreated.D.TocomparetherulingstylesoftwoMingemperors.3.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.TointroducethehistoryoftheMingDynasty.B.ToexplainarecentchangeinChinesetextbooks.C.Toarguethathistoricalfiguresshouldhaveonlyoneofficialportrait.D.TodescribethepersonallifeofEmperorZhuYuanzhang.4.WhichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofParagraph5?A.Thereareseveraltheoriesabouttheoriginofthe"shoehornface"portrait.B.Ancientpeoplebelievedthatgreatrulersmustlookunusual.C.The"shoehornface"portraitwasusedbyZhuYuanzhangtotravelsecretly.D.The"unusualportrait"ismorepopularthantheofficialone.5.Thechangeinthetextbookportrait,asdescribedinthelastparagraph,encouragesstudentsto.A.focusontheappearanceofhistoricalfiguresB.questionallhistoricalrecordsandevidenceC.useamorecriticalandevidence-basedapproachtohistoryD.believethatstorytellingismoreimportantthanfacts3完形填空Formanyyears,theimageofZhuYuanzhanginhistorytextbookswasa"shoehornface"withaprotrudingchin.Butrecently,thisimagehasbeen1.byanewoneinthelatesttextbooks.Thenewportraitshowsa2.lookwithregularfacialfeaturesandadignifiedmanner.Whywasthechangemade?HistorianshavelongstudiedZhuYuanzhang'sportraits,whicharemainlydividedintotwotypes.Oneistheofficialportraitkeptinpalaces,3.ismorelikelytobereal.Theotheristhefolk"strangeface"spreadamongpeople.4.recordsandgeneticevidencesuggestthattheofficialversionismorereliable.ZhuYuanzhang'sdescendantsallhadroundfaces,soa"shoehornface"wouldbe5.inthefamily.The"shoehornface"imagemayhavecomefrompoliticalneedsorfolkimagination.Inancienttimes,someemperorsused"speciallooks"to6.theirrule.Overtime,thisimagewasexaggeratedandspreadwidely.However,textbooksshouldbe7.andtruetohistory.Usingadistortedimagemightgivestudentsawrong8.ofhistoricalfigures.Thischangeintextbooksisnotjustabout"makingZhuYuanzhangmorehandsome".Itshowsrespectforhistoricalfactsanda9.toseektruth.Itteachesstudentsthathistoryshouldbebasedonevidence,notlegendsorguesses.Byreplacingtheinaccurateimage,textbookshelpusseehistoricalfiguresmore10..Thissmallchangeinatextbookreflectsabigprogressinhowweviewhistory-valuingtruthandrespectingthepast.1.A.replacedB.borrowedC.returnedD.copied2.A.strangeB.seriousC.funnyD.common3.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.where4.A.ArtB.ScienceC.LiteratureD.History5.A.normalB.specialC.usualD.unusual6.A.weakenB.supportC.challengeD.stop7.A.strictB.interestingC.relaxingD.boring8.A.ideaB.storyC.songD.game9.A.problemB.promiseC.goalD.question10.A.clearlyB.hardlyC.quicklyD.differently4答案与解析阅读理解1.D解析：根据第一段内容，朱元璋的旧课本形象是“鞋拔子脸”，新形象是面容端正、威严高贵，“gotaglow-up”体现形象从负面到正面的转变。A“更有名”、B“获得新头衔”、C“数字优化”均不符合语境，D“被更积极地描述”契合题意。2.B解析：第四段核心论证官方画像更真实，提及朱棣（朱元璋之子）是圆脸，符合家族遗传，是为官方画像的真实性提供证据。A“显示朱元璋孩子多”、C“解释‘鞋拔子脸’的由来”、D“对比两位明皇的统治风格”均与段落逻辑无关，故选B。3.B解析：文章开篇点明朱元璋课本形象变化，随后分析变化原因（两种画像的由来、官方画像更真实的依据最后说明变化的意义，核心是解释课本画像的变更。A“介绍明朝历史”、C“主张历史人物应只有一幅官方画像”、D“描述朱元璋的个人生活”均偏离主旨，故选B。4.A解析：第五段明确提到“鞋拔子脸”版本的由来有两种说法——朱元璋微服私访隐藏身份、古人认为伟人需“异于常人”，即围绕该画像的起源有多种理论。B、C仅为其中一种说法，不全面；D“民间画像更受欢迎”未在段落中提及，故选A。5.C解析：最后一段指出，画像变化是“基于证据回归历史真相”，鼓励学生关注朱元璋的统治角色和历史影响，而非外貌，即引导学生用基于证据、批判性的态度对待历史。A“关注历史人物外貌”与文意相反；B“质疑所有历史记录”过于绝对；D“认为讲故事比事实重要”与原文“从讲故事转向更注重事实”相悖，故选C。完形填空1.A解析：前文提到旧形象是“鞋拔子脸”，后文讲新形象，此处表示“被新形象取代”。replace“取代”，borrow“借用”，return“返回”，copy“复制”，故选A。2.B解析：根据后文“regularfacialfeaturesandadignifiedmanner”（面容端正、仪态威严可知新形象是“严肃的”。strange“奇怪的”，funny“有趣的”，common“普通的”均不符合，故选B。3.A解析：此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是