2025年全国一卷英语高考试题（含答案）

2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国一卷）

英语学科

本试卷满分150分,考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Thegreeningofplanes,trainsandautomobiles

Movinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsibleforalargepartof

globalCO2emissions（排放）.Astheworldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfaces

particularproblemswithtransportation—whichaccountsfbraboutaquarterofour

energy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here'sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin

2018fordifferentinodesoftransport.

SHIPPINGOTHER

2.2%

AIRPLANESRAIL

11.6%1%

Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandpowerful,butalso

lightweightandsafeenoughtobecarriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasits

specificfuelneeds.Muchisstilltobesettled,butherearesomeofthesolutionstoget

usgoinggreen.

PLANES—SyntheticCARS—BatteriesBatteriesare

hydrocarbonsThehardestsectortoenergy-efficientandelectriccarscan

decarbonizeisaviation.Onelong-termplugintoexistingsystemsandservices.

optionforsustainablefuelforplanesistoNewsolid-statebatterieswilltakeacar

makehydrocarbonsfromrecycledair.fartheronasinglecharge.

——

rFUTUREFUELS^

TRAINS—TRUCKS—SHIPS—Liquid

ElectricitySometrainsHydrogenfuelcellsammoniaLiquid

arealreadyelectrifiedHydrogenfuelcellsareaammoniaiseasytokeep

throughrailsorwires;lighterchoicethanandtransport,butitis

otherscanbemadebatteriesfortrucks,buthardtoignite（点燃）and

electricinprettysimplemakinggreenhydrogenisrequiresanengine

ways.expensive.redesign.

Thisenergytransition（变革）isglobal,andtheamountofrenewableenergythe

worldwillneedis"alittlebitmind-blowing,“saysmechanicalengineerKeithWipke

attheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.Il'sestimatedthattheglobaldemand

forelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessuggestthat

renewablesarcuptothetask.44Wcneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,

anditwillallgetusedJsaysWipke.

1.Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin

2018?

A.11.6%.B.45.1%.C.74.5%.D.86.1%.

2.Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily?

A.Planes.B.Trucks.C.Trains.D.Ships.

3.WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergytransition?

A.Limitingfuelconsumption.B.Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.

C.Improvingenergyefficiency.D.Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.

Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,a

strictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA's,andamodern-dayJulietwho

diedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,

试卷第2页，共12页

Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,whc'dcreatedthesepeople,knew

theirsubjectssowell.

Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:

“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfew

containedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis（论点）statement.Iwas

shocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhave

writtenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn't

strikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.

Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceona

health-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmore

interesting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbya

creative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofits

genre（体裁）andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudents

tookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthat

broadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.

Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansof

communication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportantto

me.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessages

aboutwriting'smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputus

inanother'sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.

4.Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?

A.Ninthgraders.B.Students?parents.

C.Modernwriters.D.Fictionalcharacters.

5.Whydidthestudentspeifbnnpoorlyinwritingtheiifirstessay?

A.Theywerenotgivenenoughtime.B.Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.

C.Theymisunderstoodthequestion.D.Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering"inparagraph3mean?

A.Mixed.B.Amazing.C.Similar.D.Disturbing.

7.Whatdoestheauthor'sexperienceshow?

A.Teachingislearning.B.Stillwatersrundeep.

C.Knowledgeispower.D.Practicemakesperfect.

C

Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,

transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian（行人）mobility,especiallyamong

youngchildren.Manyparentssaythere'stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheir

childrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.

DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBiommelstroetarebotheredby

factslikethese.IntheirnewbookMovement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsand

TransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinour

lives.

Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodswere

destroyedtomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Some

communitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedher

familytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofher

localpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,Jane

Jacobscalledonhermayor（市长）tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,

andnotjustrushthrough."SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960s

and1970saswell.

Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityof

thewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.The

numberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenowhaveover

twentyinillioncarsforjustoverIwcnly-sixinillionpeople,amoiigthehighestraleof

carownershipintheworld.

Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthe

truecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan't

movesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveitright:it?s

timetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.

试卷第4页，共12页

8.Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?

A.Carsoftengetstuckontheroad.B.Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.

C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore.D.Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.

9.WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?

A.Keeptheircitieslivable.B.Promoteculturaldiversity.

C.Helptheneedyfamilies.D.Makeexpresswaysaccessible.

1（）.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand

1970s?

A.Theyboostedthesalesofcars.B.Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.

C.Theywongovernmentsupport.D.Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhytheRush?B.What'*Next?

C.WheretoStay?D.WhotoBlame?

D

MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth

theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,

filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareeven

appearinginsidehumans.

Now,newresearchsuggeststhatasimple,cheapmeasuremaysignificantly

reducethelevelofmicroplasticsinwaterfromyourtap（水龙头）：boilingand

filtering（过滤）it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&

TechnologyLetters,researchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfive

ininulus—Ihcnfiller睡itafterilcools——couldremovealleast80puruenlofits

microplastics.

Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate

（碳酸钙）totraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining30（）

milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butin

sampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevel

ofplasticsbyjust25percent.Additionally,theresearchdidn'tincludealltypesof

plastics.Theteamfocusedonlyonthreecommontypes-polystyrene,polyethylene

andpolypropylene—andtheydidn'tstudyotherchemicalspreviouslyfoundinv/ater

suchasvinylchloride.

Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplastic

exposure-ataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater,

scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthan

originallythought.

Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplaslicsare一but

whattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns.Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwater

couldbeatooltolimitintake.4tThcwaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticswere

trappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice,“CarolineGauchottc-Lindsay,an

environmentalengineernftheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnot

involvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.uWeshouldbelookingintoupgrading

drinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.''

12.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?

A.Byquotinganexpert.B.Bydefiningaconcept.

C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byprovidingstatistics.

13.Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater?

A.Thehardnessofwater.B.Thelengthofcoolingtime.

C.Thefrequencyoffiltering.D.Thetypeofplasticinwater.

14.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagraph4?

A.Theimportanceofplasticrecycling.B.Theseverityofthemicroplastic

problem.

C.Thedangeiinoverusingpuiewater.D.Thedifficultyinlieatingpollutedwater.

15.WhatisGauchotte-Lindsay,ssuggestionabout?

A.Choiceofnewresearchmethods.B.Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.

C.Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers.D.Potentialapplicationofthefindings.

试卷第6页，共12页

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两

项为多余选项。

AnUnsungHero

Needabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?The

CollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore.16

CatherineMurphy,acafeworkerinagreenshirtandblackhat,makessurethat

eachcustomergetsexactlywhattheyorder.Shegoesbackandforthbetween

machinestomakethedrinks.17Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromher

hand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?"Evenwhenthelineisgetting

longer,shedoesn'tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.

Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogetto

workontime.18"IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeefbrthestudents.I

knowtheyneeditinthemorning,“Murphysaid.Beingamotherandwifehashelped

herbecomethewomansheis.Shebelievessheisheretoserve.

OnethingMurphymaynotknowisthathersmileiscontagious（有感染力）and

canbethedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehaving

beforeseeingher.JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeand

goestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek.19"Catherinealwayshasahuge

smileonherfhce,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,“Wrightsaid.

“Ienjoyworkinginthecafb,“Murphysaid.20Shehaseveryintention

ofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.

A.Thecafeclosesat9pmeveryday.

B.Shehastwochildrenagedeightandfbui.

C.Sometimessheamvesearlytoservethestudentsearly.

D.Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.

E.Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.

F.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.

G.Shehasservedherefbr17yearsandcan'timagineworkinganywhereelse.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

OneAugustafternoon,Isatinmykitchenstaringataglassvasethathadn'tseen

daylightsincemywedding.

MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouseandwewerebusythebeloved

homeourfamilyhadspent23yearsfillingup.Wehaddecidedonkeyitemsforthe_

weweremovingtointown,donatedwhatwecould,andrentedaplacetoour

supposedlyimportantobjects.Thatleftahousestillwiththingsthat,whilenot

particularly,didn'tbelonginalandfill（垃圾填埋场）.

Ttookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline,for$10.Acoupleofmessages

camein,onewantingadditional,anotheraskingforapricecut.Asour

daydrewnear,Isettledonanewprice（$0）andrepostedit.The:“Ihatethis

vase.Maybeyouwon't."Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouseandlefthappily

withthevase.

,Ipostedmore.MydailypostsandtheIreceivedbecamea

preciousrayoflightinthechaosofmyhouse.Eachexchangeprovidedachanceto_

thelandfillandtopleaseanotherpersonImightnototherwisehave.

Isitinmyapartmenttoday,lovingeachofthethatshareoursmallspace.

Itakeinknowingthat,somewherenearby,someoneissomethingthat

couldn'tcomewithus.

21.A.paintingoverB.lookingaroundC.emptyingout

D.pullingdown

22.A.hotelB.officeC.cottageD.apartment

23.A.storeB.displayC.sellD.repair

24.A.coveredB.decoratedC.stuffedD.equipped

25.A.conventionalB.valuableC.complicated

D.tolerable

试卷第8页，共12页

26.A.feesB.photosC.receiptsD.models

27.A.moveB.payC.marketD.work

28.A.warningB.requestC.descriptionD.reply

29.A.ConfusedB.InterestedC.DisappointedD.Encouraged

30.A.visitsB.reportsC.adviceD.money

31.A.removeB.spareC.findD.check

32.A.investigatedB.recognizedC.encounteredD.recommended

33.A.giveawaysB.postsC.contributionsD.belongings

34.A.joyB.partC.careD.time

35.A.anticipatingB.appreciatingC.deliveringD.withdrawing

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartwork

inspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,36originatedinChinamorethan4,000

yearsago.

Goisoneof37earliestbinary-based(基于二元的)games.The

movementsoftheblackandwhitepiecesreflectthebasicideasofEasternphilosophy,

accordingtoTuNingning,whoisinchargeoftheexhibition.

“TheexhibitionbringstogetherGoculture,cutting-edgetechnologyand

contemporaryart,“saysTu."Wehope38(present)theratherabstractGogame

andAIinavisualcontext,andinitiatedialogueswithminimalistart,conceptualart

andcxprcssioiiibin.”

“InaGogame,eachmoveshouldservealong-termgoal.Youtrytoleadthe

opponentintoyourtrapandforcethemtofollowyour'39(guide)^tillthey

lose,“explainsWangWei,aGoplayeramongthevisitorstotheexhibition.

“Theplayers'personalities40(reveal)duringthegame,andone's

weaknessesareexposedtotheopponent,sheadds.UAdecentwinneralways41

(try)tobeattheopponent42nomorethanoneortwopointsasagesture(姿

态)ofrespectfortheotherside.”

Tusaysthatthebalancebetweentheblackandwhitepieces,thebeautyinthe_

43(strategy)placementofthepieces,44theenergyflowfollowingeach

moveinspiredartiststocreateoilpaintings,sculptures,45(digital)generated

picturesandsilk-screenprintsfortheexhibition.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46.假定你是李华，你班的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教Jenny提出“Funalmy

school”和“GuesswhoIam”两个选项供大家选择°请给Jenny写一封邮件，闪容

包括：

⑴你的选择；

(2)说明理由。

注意：

(1)写作词数应为80个左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearJenny,

IreallyliketheideaofaddinganewcolumntoourEnglishnewspaper.

Yours,

LiHua

试卷第10页，共12页

第二节（满分25分）

47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整

的短文。

MywifeandIwantedtoshareournewhomewithfamilyandfriendsbyhosting

asmallgatheringintheearlysummer.Shehadpreparedlotsofsnacks,whilemyjob

wastohavethebackyardinorder.

Therewasplentyofspaceforthekidstorunandplay.Therewasjustonething

Ihadn'tcountedon:MybrotherchosetobringhisdogToby,a50-poundballoffire.

Thoughfriendly,hecouldeasilyknockovermyniece'ssmallboysandmy

six-month-oldgranddaughter.So,whenmybrothershowedup,Iaskedhimtowatch

Tobyandkeephimoutside.

Myplanwasworkingoutjustfine.Tobywas116nguphisenergybyrunning

backandforthinthebackyardandgivingthekidsplentyofroom.Unexpectedly,after

supper,theweatherchanged.Itstartedtorainandeveryonewentindoors.

Itwasanawkwardmoment.Ididn'twantTobytoberunningaroundinthe

house,andmybrotherwasn'thappywithdrivinghomewithawetdog.Eventually,

mybrotherdecidedtoleaveratherthanforcetheissue.

Afewdayspassed,andIhadn'theardanythingfrommybrother.Itextedhim

andexpressedwishesforhimtocomeoutagain.Hisreplycameasasurprise一a

shock,actually:uNotachance.,,Clearly,hewasunhappyoverthewaywehadparted.

Afterall,Ihadlefthimlittlechoice.Well,he'llgetoverit,Ireasoned.

Twomonthspassed.MywifesuggestedIgetintouchwithmybrother,butI

resisted,thinkingheshouldcallfirst.However,myconscience（艮心）keptbothering

me.Itriedlopulmyselfinmybrother'sshoes.Huwaslacinghealthissuesandhis

wifeofthirty-fiveyearshadpassedawayafewmonthsearlier.Tobywashisconstant

companion,theonewhokepthimgoing.

注意：

⑴续写词数应为150个左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

1realizeditwasmewhowasatfault.

Withthebiscuitsmywifehadmade,Iarrivedatmybrother\door.

试卷第12页，共12页

1.C2.C3.B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，

以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。

1.细节理解题。根据图表信息ROADVEHICLES部分中“ROAD（PASSENGER）45.1%（道

路（客运）45.1%）”以及“ROAD（GOODS）29.4%（道路（货运）29.4%）“可知，道路车辆总占比为

45.1%+29.4%=74.5%,即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。

2.细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS—Electricity部分中“Sometrainsarcalreadyelectrified

throughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.（一些歹U车已经通过轨

道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化厂可知，火车相较其

他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。

3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“"Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergyandit

willallgetused.^^saysWipke.（Wipke说:"我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而Hi文些能源都会

被利用起来。可知，Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。

故选B项。

4.D5.D6.B7.A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐

认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。

4.细节理解题°根据文章第一段中“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboy

whosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA's,andamodern-day

Julietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.More（hanonce,

Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who'dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjects

sowell”去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿

子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——她在父母拒绝其年少挚爱后

心碎而逝。不止次，我暗白琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们

笔下的角色的）“可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创

造出来的虚构人物。故选D。

5.推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfew

containedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis（论点）statement.Iwasshocked.ThenI

realizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessity

ofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn'tstrikethemasimportant.（大多数文章篇

答案第1页，共11页

幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目

本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要广可推

知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳,是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。

6.词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中划线词卜文“Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandlumed

instories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.（学

生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，

也触动了我的心）''可推知，此处指学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现

形成强烈对比.划线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹的、惊人的”,与B选项“Amazing（惊人的）”

语义一致。故选B。

7.推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingis

importantasameansofconinmnication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmore

importanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune.Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessages

aboutwriting'smostpowerfi.ilsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother's

skin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.（我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重

要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留

言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，

教会我们身为人类的真谛『结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学

生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长'’的理念.选项

A'Teachingislearning（教学相长）”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。

8.C9.A10.B11.A

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下

降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市

宜居性。

8.细1:理解题。根据文章第，scifelyiiiipiuvcinciilbmighthavebeenmadeluuui

streetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian（彳「人）mobility,

especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere,stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfbrtheir

childrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.（虽然近年来我们的街道

可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长

说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里）”可知，

作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开年增多。故选C。

答案第2页，共11页

9.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedher

familytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaign（ostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.

Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonher

mayor（市长）tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.M（最著

名的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园

被毁的运动。在描述她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，JaneJacobs呼吁她的市长

捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道可推知，加拿大记者和其他运

动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。

10.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,thereality

isthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotor

car.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.（尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大

多数西方城市完全闱绕汽车需求重新设计。道路上的汽车数品一直在迅速增加）”可推知，20

世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。

11.主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“Wcinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrush

through,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatilcostsusasa

societywhenchildrencan51movesafelyaroundourcommunities?（我们在帮助我们快速通过的

道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我

们的社区安仝地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗）“可推知，本文批判城市过

度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象,A项“WhytheRush?（为何匆匆？户质问“rushthrough

（匆匆通行）”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A.

12.C13.A14.B15.D

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑

料污染已遍及全球，甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤

可能会显著降低白米水中的微塑料含量。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学物质，但揭示了

一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示了煮沸法的有效性，并建议升级饮

用水处理厂以推广应用。

12.推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Microplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollution

across（heEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanic

rocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareeven

appearinginsidehumans.（微塑料已经成为地球1:常见的污染源它们出।现在在深海和喜

答案第3页，共11页

马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在

人类体内）“可推知，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。

13.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontaining

enoughcalciumcarbonate（碳酸佻）toIraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining

30（）milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butinsamples

withlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25

percent.（至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来截留塑料。在这项研究中，

将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60亳

克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量）”可知，决定在水中截留微塑料的有效性的是水

的硬度。故选A。

14.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中"Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardfor

reducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydiffcult.Evenbottledwater,

scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10（oI,（X）0timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginally

由ought.（尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径一这一任务正变得越来越

困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出

10到1000倍。户可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故选B。

15.推理判断题。根据文章最后•段中“"Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplaslicswere

trappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice,“CarolineGauchottc-Lindsay,anenvironmental

engineeroftheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,（ellsNew

Scientist.4iWeshouldbelookingintoupgradingd