1教学设计虚拟语气

虚拟语气教学设计：三原南郊中学：李丁东方虚拟语气一直是高考的重点及难点，作为长期从事英语教学的老师及对大量资料的整理，笔者努力研究，目的是让语法课成为学生们最喜欢的英语课类型。I.虚拟语气的概念：用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。II.虚拟语气的表现形式虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。例如：1.Godblessyou.2.Ifhewerehere,hewouldknowwhattodo.3.Ifyouhadcomealittleearlier,youwouldhavemether.4.Shesuggestedthatweshouldkeepemailingeachother.5.Theyshouldhavearrivedbynow.6.ShouldIhavetime,Iwouldreadthebookagain.7.IwishIhadn’tdonethat.8.Hetalkedasifhehadseenitwithhisowneyes.III.虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气用在非真实条件句中虚拟语气用在宾语从句中虚拟语气用在表语从句、同位语从句中虚拟语气用在主语从句中虚拟语气用在主语从句中IV.理解并熟练掌握虚拟语气的特殊语法条目；提升在语言环境中灵活运用能力。通过合作探究，大胆质疑；学会用分析，总结，归纳的方法掌握虚拟语气的用法。重视语法学习，享受语法学习的快乐。V．充分利用导学稿及能力提升巩固学习。附：导学稿和能力提升练习题及答案虚拟语气导学稿学习目标：理解并熟练掌握虚拟语气的所有语法条目；提升在语言环境中灵活运用能力。通过合作探究，大胆质疑；学会用分析，总结，归纳的方法掌握虚拟语气的用法。重视语法学习，享受语法学习的快乐。重点和难点：虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的假设通常的三种情况，以及在各类从句中的使用。使用说明利用自主自习时间根据要求对导学稿进行有效预习约（30分钟）带*号为重点和必须掌握的重点。Firststep：5分钟迅速浏览导学案，红笔标识疑难；Secondstep：20分钟讨论解疑，展示，点拨；Thirdstep：10分钟巩固落实，强化运用；Fourthstep：5分钟进行总结；Lastofall:5分钟当堂检测预习导引：I．非真实条件句If条件从句主句1.与现在事实相反

动词过去式（be的过去式一般用were）

would(should,could,might)＋动词原形

1.Idon’thaveacarandI’mnothappy.IfIhadacar,IwouldbeveryhappyIwouldbeveryhappyifIhadacar,butIdon’thaveone.If条件从句主句2.表示与过去事实相反had＋过去分词would(should,could,might)＋have＋过去分词1.Ididn’tknowhertelephonenumberandIdidn’tcallher.a)IfIhadknownhertelephonenumber,Iwouldhavecalledher.b)IwouldhavecalledherbutI__didn’t________hertelephonenumber.c)Ididn’tknowhertelephonenumber,otherwiseI(wouldhavetelephoned)her. 条件从句主句3.表示与将来事实相反动词过去式或should＋动词原形或wereto＋动词原形would(should,could,might)＋动词原形Iwon’tdoso.Ofcoursehewon’tfeelsurprised。IfIdidso,shewouldfeelverysurprisedshoulddoweretodoShewouldfeelverysurprisedifIdid/shoulddo/weretodothat,butIwon’tdothat,soshewillnotfeelsurprised.II．should”类A)suggest(建议)thatsb(should)dosthask要求

advise建议

arrange安排

beg请求

command命令

decide决定

demand要求

desire渴determine决定

insist坚持

intend打算

maintain坚持主张move建议，动员

propose提议

object反对

order命令prefer建议

require需要

request要求

resolve下决心recommend推荐

suggest建议

stipulate约定，规定

urge强调，促进vote公认，提议

decree颁布（法令）

pray请求

B)It’ssuggestedthatsb(should)dosthadvisable合理的

decided决定的

crucial关键的

appropriate恰当的

determined决定的

commanded命令的

arranged安排的

essential紧要的，基本的

complied遵照

anxious焦急的

imperative迫切的important重要的

desirable合意的

better较好的，更好

insistent坚持的

desired想要

asked请求

keen渴望的

incredible难以置信的adamant坚定不移的

natural自然的

insisted坚持

necessary必要的

suggested建议

urgent紧迫的

ordered命令

shocked震惊的

vital极其重要的

possible可能的

strange奇怪的

preferable（好一点）proposed提议

requested要求的

required要求的

recommended推荐

resolved决定的

probable（可能的）

pity可惜，憾事

shame遗憾

C)Itisnecessary/strangethatsb(should)dosth（important）D)用于由表示建议、要求、命令、请示等含义的名词引导的表语从句和同位语从句中，这类名词常见的有：advice忠告

decision决定

demand要求

desire要求、愿望insistence坚持

motion提议

necessity必要性

order命令preference偏爱

proposal提议

pray恳求

recommendation推荐request要求

requirement要求

resolution决心

suggestion劝告、忠告

例如：

Thisistheirresolutionthatextra-curriculumactivitiesbemadepartoftheirschoollife.这是他们的决议：要使得课外活动成为他们学校生活的一部分。

Themotionthattheremarkofthelastspeakerbeexpungedfromtherecord.该提议要求把最后一个发言的人的讲话从记录上除掉。III．“过去时及过去完成时态”类It’s(high)timethatsbdidsthshoulddosthwishthatsbdidsthhaddonesthcould/woulddowouldratherthatsbdidsthnow/tomorrowhaddonesth(inthepast)whatif---Hewouldgotoseeyou.---_________hedidnotcome?A.WhatifB.WhereifC.WhatcomeD.whywhetherNote:1).谓语动词用一般过去式表示现在没有实现的愿望，用过去完成式表示过去没有实现的愿望，常译为“要是……就好了”。例如：IfonlyIfonlyshehadknownwheretofindyou.IfonlyIcouldspeakseveralforeignlanguages!2).书面语中“if”虚拟语气倒装形式的使用：如果“if”从句中含有“were,had”或“should”时,则可省略连词“if”，而把“were,had”或“should”移至主语之前。eg：1.WereIyou(=IfIwereyou),Iwould….2.Hadtheynotcomelasttime(=Iftheyhadnotcomelasttime),wewouldhavedone….3.Shoulditraintomorrow(=Ifitshouldraintomorrow),shewould…3).asif/thoughasif/though引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气。从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式；表示与过去事实相反，had+过去分词；表示可能性不大，用would(might,could)+动词原形。例如：Hetalksasifheknewallaboutit.Youlookasifyouhadseenaghost.Itlooksasthoughitmightrain.4).incase/least/forfearthatincase引导的从句既可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，由should构成，should可以省略。例如：Thegamewillbepostponedincaseitsnows.Thegamewillbepostponedincaseit(should)snow.incaseitsnows比incaseitshouldsnow可能性大些。课堂巩固：1.(2011全国卷II,7)They______havearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.A.willB.canC.mustD.should2.Shedidn’tcomeyesterday,oryou_________him.AhadseenBmighthaveseenCweretoseeDwouldsee3.Thedrivercouldhavesurvivedbuthe________theseatbelt.A.hadbeenwearingB.hadn’twornC.wasn’twearingD.didn’twear4.——wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.——Iwishthey_____alwayslateA.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeen5.（2011北京卷,30）MaybeifI______science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.

A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying6.（2011天津卷,15）I______soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.

A.hadcomeB.wascomingC.wouldcomeD.wouldhavecome7.（2011江苏卷,34）——Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.

——Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someone______it.

A.willhavestolenB.mighthavestolenC.shouldhavestolenD.musthavestolen8.Itistimethatyou_____homeandI’dratheryou_____againtomorrow.A.wouldgo/wouldcomeB.went/cameC.go/aregoing D.aregoing/willcome9.——Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.

——I______it,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.

A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended10.Thelocalpeasantsgavethesoldiersclothesandfoodwithoutwhichthey______ofcoldandhunger.A.woulddieB.willdieC.wouldbedeadD.wouldhavedied11.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit__________.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken12.----Ifhe______,he_______thatfood.----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned,wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned,wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned,hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned,hadnottaken13.（2011陕西卷,22）I_____throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.

A.couldn’thavegoneB.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgoD.hadn’tgone14.Itistimethatthegovernment

_____

measurestoprotecttherarebirdsandanimals.

A.takes

B.took

C.hastaken

D.taking

15.Somepeoplearetooparticularaboutschoolrecords,insistingthateveryapplicant______alldiplomasfromelementaryschooltouniversity.

A.has

B.willhave

C.shouldhave

D.musthave

16.HowIwishI_____torepairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse.A.hadtried B.hadn'ttriedC.havetriedD.didn'ttry17.Imustsayhereadsverywell,andIshouldn’tbesurprisedifhe______

actingforalivingoneday.

A.hadtakenup

B.takesup

C.havetakenup

D.wouldhavetakenup

18.IfIhadseenthemovie,I

______

youallaboutitnow.

A.wouldtell

B.willtell

C.havetold

D.wouldhavetold

19.IhadhopedthatJennifer

______

adoctor,butshewasn’tgoodenoughatscience.

A.willbecome

B.became

C.wouldbecome

D.becomeseflying

20.Whatapity.IfIhadcaughtthatflight,I_____overthePacificOceannow.AwouldflyBwouldhaveflownCwouldbeflyingDwereflying21.

______

theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.

A.Inspiteof

B.Butfor

C.Becauseof

D.Asfor

22.Mary

______

myletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

A.hasreceived

B.oughttohavereceived

C.couldn’thavereceived

D.shouldn’thavereceived

23.Johndidnotfeelwellyesterday;otherwisehe_______toseehisclassmatesoff.

A.came

B.wouldcome

C.wouldhavecome

D.shouldbecoming

24.He’sworkinghardforfearthathe

____.

A.shouldfallbehind

B.fellbehind

C.mayfallbehind

D.wouldfallbehind

25.Withoutthedreamsoftheyouth,thisinven