2026年广东广州市中考英语复习课件.专题九+构+词+法

专题九构词法用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.MrLiisstrictaboutourstudies,buthealways___________(courage/encourages)usandgivesussupport.(7BU1)温故知新：名词courage加上表示“使某人处于……状态、条件或地点等”的前缀en­，变为动词encourage。2.There'snogravityinspace,sowe'llallbeabletofloataroundinthe_________(ship/spaceship).(7AU5)温故知新：spaceship是由两个简单名词space和ship合成的新词。encouragesspaceship()1.Ijumpedbackand________wentdeeper,withmyeyesopen.(2025年广州语法选择)A.quick B.quicker C.quicknessD.quicklyD点拨：考查副词。修饰动词went需用副词。quickadj.快的；quickeradj.更快的；quicknessn.机智，机敏。()2.Whenyouupcycleanobject,youareprobablydoingsomethingdifferent.Youcansimplyrefashionit.Forexample,youmightmakeabagoutofanoldT­shirt.(2024年广州阅读理解D篇)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“refashion”meaninParagraph2?A.Breakdownuselessthings.B.Collectusedthings.C.Createthingsoutofoldones.D.Comeupwithgoodideas.C点拨：词义猜测题。由画线词所在句的下一句“例如，你可以用一件旧T恤做一个包”可推知，此处表示当你升级改造一个物品时，你可能在做一些不同的事情。你可以简单地重新塑造它。此外，fashion作动词时意为“制作；塑造”，增加表示“重新；再次”的前缀re­变化为动词refashion。由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫作合成法。在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词，这种构词法叫作派生法。1.常考前缀。(1)表否定。(2)表程度。(3)其他。2.常考后缀。(1)名词后缀。(2)形容词后缀。(3)副词后缀。一个单词由一种词类转换为另一种词类，这种构词法叫作转化法。缩写和简写(亦称为截断法、缩短法)可采用截头、去尾、截头又去尾、混成法、拼缀法和首字母缩略法。国家、重要组织机构名称缩写(*表示2022年版课标单词)*UN(UnitedNations)联合国WWW(WorldWideWeb)万维网*CPC(CommunistPartyofChina)中国共产党*WTO(WorldTradeOrganization)世界贸易组织*PLA(People'sLiberationArmyofChina)中国人民解放军*WHO(WorldHealthOrganization)世界卫生组织*PRC(People'sRepublicofChina)中华人民共和国BBC(BritishBroadcastingCorporation)英国广播公司WWF(WorldWideFundforNature/WorldWildlifeFund)世界自然基金会*UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)联合国教科文组织一、语法巩固。1.AlthoughAngelawasnotprepared,sheseemed_______(relaxed/relaxing)anddidreallywell.(9AU5)()2.Therewasastormyesterday._______,mostoftheflowersinmygardenarestillalive.A.Clearly B.Luckily C.Suddenly D.Finally relaxedB()3.Daybyday,Ilearntto_________people,andtheymadefriendswithmetoo.A.truly B.truth C.trust D.true Cworried/worry二、微语境练。每空一词，用单词的适当形式填空。worrynothingaskbadreasonAlongtimeago,inarichcountry,therelivedanunhappyking.Heslept1.______anddidn'tfeellikeeating.Hisfacewasalwaysaspaleaschalk.Heoftencriedforno2.______.Thismadethequeenandhispeople3.________________.Oneday,adoctorwas4._____toexamine(诊察)theking.Butthedoctorfound5._______wrongwithhisbody.Itwasallinhismind.Neithermedicinenorrestcouldhelphim.badlyreasonaskednothing一、构词法在语法选择中的运用。分析广州近5年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，有些选项的单词也涉及对构词法的考查。针对该考点，学生需熟记不同词性的前后缀，先判断选项中单词的词性，再根据句子意思和成分，判断所需的词性。Tomsawanadvertisementinanewspaperofabeautifulmodernbicycle.Sohewenttoashopandaskedaboutit.Theshopownerwasvery1.______toshowonetoTom.“Thereisn'talamponthebicycle,butthereisoneinyouradvertisement，”Tomsaid.“Yes,Sir，”answeredtheshopowner.“Butthelampisn'tincludedinthepriceofthebicycle.”()1.A.happyB.happierC.happinessD.happilyAhappy“Ifthelampisintheadvertisement,itshouldbeincludedintheprice，”Tomsaid2._______.“Well,Sir，”answeredtheshopowner,“Thereisalsoagirlonthebicycleintheadvertisement,butwecannotgiveyouagirl.”()2.A.angerB.angryC.angrierD.angrilyDangrily二、构词法在阅读理解中的运用。分析广州近5年中考真题可知，在阅读理解中，有许多单词是通过合成法或派生法构成的。同时，阅读理解的词义猜测题也涉及对构词法的考查，学生可利用构词法和上下文推断法，推测出单词的中文意思。Researchhasshownthatpeoplewhohaveenoughsleeplookmoreattractive(有魅力的).Peoplewillprefertomakefriendswithpeoplewhohaveenoughsleep.Thestrangersaregoodatjudgingwhetherthepersontheyarelookingatistired.Ifhelookssleepy,hisattractivenessscoreswillbelow.Thestrangersalsosaytheydon'twanttosocializewiththetiredpeople.Theresearcherssaythisisnaturalforpeople.Anunhealthy­lookingfacemakespeoplerunaway.()Whatdoestheunderlinedword“socialize”meanintheparagraph?A.Compare.B.Argue.C.Communicate.D.Agree.C语法选择。MartinLutherKingJr.wasagreatpersoninAmerica.1.______hewasstillaboy,Martinlearntanunfairthing.TheblackAmericans2.___________differentlyfrommostoftheirfellowAmericans.Manycouldnotattendgoodschools,getgoodjobs,orliveinnicehousesbecause3.______skinwasblack.Martinknew4.______thiswaswronginafreecountry.Hewantedtohelphisblackbrothersandsisters,5.____hewenttocollegeandlaterbecameaminister(牧师).()1.A.When B.IfC.Unless D.Until()2.A.treatedB.wastreatingC.wastreatedD.weretreated()3.A.they B.them C.theirD.themselves()4.A.what B.why C.which D.that()5.A.or B.but C.and D.soADCDDWhenweretreatedtheir thatsoMartin6._______believedthatpeopleshouldlovetheirneighboursasthemselves.In1947,MartinwasaministerinMontgomery,Alabama.His“peacefulfight”firstbeganthere.Hewas7.______agreatspeaker.Hisspeech“IHaveaDream”isregardedas8.______importanteventinAmericanhistory.()6.A.strong B.strongly C.moststrongly D.morestrongly()7.A.either B.too C.also D.neither()8.A.aB.anC.the D./BCBstronglyalsoanInhisspeech,he9.__________thedreamforwhiteandblackAmericanstowalkhandinhandasbrothers.HesaidthatallAmericans10.______bejudgedbytheircharactersratherthanthecoloursoftheirskin.Martinworkedforequality(平等)in11.______citiestoo.Heknewthattheonlywaypeoplecouldwintheirrightswastoremain12.________,eveninfaceofdanger.()9.A.expressedB.expressC.expressesD.willexpress()10.A.could B.may C.should D.might()11.A.other