【新教材】人教版（2024）八年级下册英语各单元知识点讲义（含练习题及答案）

第第页【新教材】人教版（2024）八年级下册英语各单元知识点讲义Unit1SectionA1.programming编程（1）v.编写程序（2）n. ①（电视、广播等）节目常与on/about连用②（计算机领域的）程序③项目，计划，方案Exercises•Thisnewprogramhelpsuserseditphotosmorequickly.______________•Thefitnessprogramhelpedhimlose5kilosinamonth.______________•Inthisclass,studentswilllearnhowtoprogram.______________•Didyouseethatprogramoncookinglastnight? ______________程序；方案；编程；节目2.expressv.表达；表示①expresssthtosb向某人表达某事②expressoneself表达自己的想法/感情Exercises（1）你可以帮助父母做家务来表达你对他们的感谢。Youcanhelpyourparentswithhouseworkto________________________________________.（2）当你不赞同别人的意见时，你应该用礼貌的方式表达自己的观点。Youshould________________inapolitewaywhenyoudisagreewithothers.expressyourthankstothem（2）expressyourself3.FuXingusedtobescaredofwater,butshestartedswimmingtogetoverherfear.scaredadj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌的→___________adj.害怕的（同义词）①bescaredofsb./sth.害怕某人/某物②bescaredofdoingsth.害怕做某事③bescaredtodosth.害怕做某事④bescared+that从句害怕⋯⋯注意：这些结构中的scared均可换为afraid，但afraid可用于“I'mafraidso/not”,scared则不能。Exercises（1）这个小男孩害怕过马路。Thelittleboy________________________________theroad.（2）我怕自己考试会不及格。I'm________I'llfailtheexam.（3）他有恐高症。He________________________heights.（4）不要害怕开口求人。Don't________________________________forhelp.isscaredtocross（2）scared（3）isscaredof（4）bescaredofasking辨析scare，scared与scaryscarev.&n.害怕；恐惧scaredadj.害怕的用于形容人的感受scaryadj.吓人的用于描述事物的特征Exercises那只吓人的蜘蛛吓了孩子们一跳，所以他们害怕进那个房间。The________spidergivesthekidsa________,sotheyare________toentertheroom.scary；scare；scared4.Whatareyouupto？upto的用法①正在做，相当于doing②由某人决定③达到（某数量、程度等）；至少有④直到Exercises•Thetemperaturewentupto35°C. ______________•Thestoreisopenupto9p.m.onweekends. ______________•Thekidsarebeingveryquiet—whatdoyouthinkthey'reupto？ ______________•—Shallweeatoutorstayin？—I'suptoyou. ______________到达；直到；正在做，取决于It'sapoembyLiBai.poemn.诗→___________n.诗人→___________n.诗歌；诗集辨析poem与poetrypoem可数名词表示单篇作品poetry不可数名词指诗的总称或诗歌这一文学形式Exercises李明深爱诗歌这一文学形式。他最喜欢的诗人是李白，李白写了许多优美的诗。LiMinghasadeeplovefor___________.Hisfavourite___________isLiBaiwhowrotelotsofbeautiful___________.poetry；poet；poems6.WhenIstartedtodocalligraphy,Ispenthourspractisingsinglestrokes.辨析spend,take,cost与pay动词常用结构spendSb.spendstime/moneyonsth.某人在某事/物上花费时间/金钱Sb.spendstime/moneydoingsth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事takeIttakes(sb.)sometimetodosth.做某事花费（某人）多长时间costSth.costssb.money.某物花费某人多少钱paySb.paysmoneyforsth.某人某物支付多少钱Exercises我花了很长时间才找到这种自行车。这辆自行车花了我两百多美元，但我很乐意买，因为周末我可以骑着它锻炼。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ittookmealongtimetofindthiskindofbike.Thisbikecostmeover200dollars,butIwasgladtopayforit,becauseIcouldspendmyweekendsridingitforexercise.7.It'sdifficult,buthealwaysencouragesmenottogiveup.有关give的短语giveup___________ giveaway___________giveout___________ givein___________放弃；捐赠；分发；屈服“动词+up”构成的其他常见短语：cheerup___________ putup___________dressup___________ setup___________getup___________ showup___________growup___________ stayup___________lookup___________ wakeup___________pickup___________ takeup___________使振作起来；张贴；穿上盛装；建立；起床；出现；长大；熬夜；查阅；醒来；拿起；开始做8.Icanteachyoutoplayasonginreturn.return的用法①n.&v.回来；归还inreturn（forsth.）作（对⋯的）回报②回来；返回相当于go/comebackreturnto+地点名词return+地点副词返回某地③归还returnsth.tosb.=givesth.backtosb.归还给某人Exercises（1）我要把这本书还给汤姆。I'mgoingto________________________________________.=I'mgoingto________________________________________________.（2）感谢你帮忙，我请你吃午饭好吗？CanIbuyyoulunch________________foryourhelp?（3）参观完博物馆后，他们乘地铁回家了。Afterfinishingvisitingthemuseum,they________________bysubway.returnthisbooktoTom；givethisbookbacktoTom（2）inreturn（3）returnedhome9.It’sadeal.deal的用法1）n.交易；协议①makeadeal（withsb.）（和某人）达成协议②it'sadeal就这么办/成交2）v.对付dealwith=dowith应付；处理；解决3）n.大量；许多agood/greatdealof，常用于修饰不可数名词。Exercises（1）AI可以制订个性化学习计划，帮助解决孩子们的困难。AIcanmakepersonallearningplanstohelp________________children'sdifficulties.（2）这两家公司达成了协议。Thetwocompanies________________________.（3）中国种植了大量的棉花，主要集中在西部地区。Chinagrows________________________________cotton,mostlyinthewesternareas.（1）dealwith（2）makeadeal（3）agreatdealof10.Howdoyouusuallyfeelwhenyoumanagetodosomethingdifficult？（1）manage的用法①完成困难的事②管理；负责（公司、队伍、组织等）③明智地使用（金钱、时间、信息等）Exercises•Ifinallymanagedtopushthehugeboxaway.______________•ZhangHua,ourmonitor,isorganizedandthoughtfulenoughtomanagetimewell._________（2）辨析managetodosth.与trytodosth.managetodosth“设法做成某事”，强调通过努力达到了目的，结果是成功的。trytodosth“尽力做某事”强调过程，结果不一定是成功的。Exercises1.我尽力解答这道数学题，但我失败了。——————————————————————————————————2.费了很大劲，他们成功把风筝拿回来了。——————————————————————————————————1.Itriedtosolvethemathproblem,butIfailed.2.Withmuchdifficulty,theymanagedtogetbackthekite.（3）managev.管理→___________n.管理者→___________n.管理；经营manager；managementExercises他父亲是一个管理者。他管理着一家广告公司。他擅长管理。Hisfatherisa___________.He___________anadvertisingcompany.Hedoeswellin___________.manager；manages；management11.Howdidyougetintopainting?getinto①开始做某事；进入②“处于（某种情形）；养成（某种习惯）”Exercises•It'snevertoolatetogetintoanewsport. ___________•Nobodywantstogetintotrouble. ___________•MybrothergotintoChinesechesslastyear. ___________•Hegotintothehabitofreadingbeforegoingtobed. ___________开始做；处于某种情形；开始做；养成某种习惯12.Myparentstoldmenottopushmyselftoohard.push的用法①督促；鞭策pushoneselftoohard把自己逼得太紧pushsb.todosth.督促/鞭策某人做某事②推反义词是pull“拉”③按下（按钮、开关等）同义词是pressExercises•Igotinandpushedthebuttonforthefourthfloor.___________•Justrelax.Don'tpushyourselfsohard. ___________•Ahealthycompetitivespiritcanpushpeopletotrytobebetter. ___________•Hetriedtopushtheheavydooropen. ___________按下；逼；督促；推chat①chatwithsb.与某人闲聊②chataboutsb./sth.聊起某人/某事③haveachatwithsb.=chatwithsb.与某人聊天Exercises(1)他不知道如何和别人聊天。•Hedoesn'tknowhowto_____________________.(2)他们经常聊他们的爱好。•Theyoften____________________________.(3)跟你聊天很有趣。•Itisfun___________________________________.chatwithothers(2)chatabouttheirhobbies(3)havingachatwithyou

Unit1SectionB1.stressn.精神压力；紧张作不可数名词，与其相关的用法有：emotional/mentalstress_____________reduce/relievestress_____________sufferfromstress_____________ understress_____________causestress_____________ dealwithstress_____________情感/精神压力；减轻/缓解压力；承受压力；在压力之下；引起压力；应付压力stressn.精神压力→___________adj.焦虑不安的→__________adj.压力重的；紧张的stressed；stressfulExercises当今的生活压力很大。当我们感到焦虑不安时，我们应该做些事情来减轻压力。Lifetodaycanbevery___________.Whenwefeel___________,weshoulddosomethingtoreduce___________.stressful；stressed；stress2.suchas/forexample例如辨析suchas与forexample短语相同点不同点suchas均表示部分列举，列举对象通常为同类的人或事物。常位于列举对象之前，列举对象可以是名词（短语）或动词-ing（短语）。forexample常用逗号与列举对象隔开，可位于列举对象之前或之后。列举对象可以是名词（短语）、动词-ing（短语），还可以是句子。Exercises(1)我想养个宠物，比如一只猫。I’dliketokeepapet,____________________,acat.(2)你可以帮忙做一些家务，例如，洗碗是一个不错的选择。Youcanhelpdosomehousework,____________________,doingthedishesisagoodchoice.(3)在俱乐部里，你可以学习演奏不同种类的乐器，比如吉他、小提琴和鼓。Intheclub,youcanlearntoplaydifferentkindsofinstruments,____________________guitar,violinanddrums.forexample；forexample；suchas3.object①n.物体；物品②n.宾语③n.目标；目的=goal=aim④v.不赞成；反对Exercises•Theobjectofthegameistoimprovechildren'smathsskills.__________•Tomobjectedtoleavinghisdaughterathome. __________•TheMonkeyKingisnotanormalmonkey.Hecanturnhimselfintodifferentanimalsandobjects. __________目的；反对；物品4.sbfindit+adj.+todosth.某人发现做某事是……的该结构中，it作find的形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。可用于此结构的动词还有think、make、consider、feel等。Exercises1.你可能发现难以接受自己的弱点。——————————————————————————————————2.我认为跟他们谈这件事没有用。——————————————————————————————————1.Youmayfindithardtoacceptyourweakness.2.thinkituselesstotalkaboutitwiththem.5.HislatestappallowspeoplearoundtheworldtofindstudypartnersforlearningItalian.allow的用法（1）使⋯⋯成为可能①allowsth.使某事成为可能②allowsb.todosth.使某人能够做某事（2）允许③allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事④beallowedtodosth.被允许做某事Exercises现代交通使人们能在短时间内长途旅行。•Moderntransportation________________________________________longdistancesinashorttime.（2）人们在图书馆时不允许大声说话。•People_________________________________________________loudlywhentheyareinthelibrary.allowspeopletotravel；arenotallowedtotalk6."Itgivesmesuchasenseofachievementtoseepeopleusingtheapp"saysLuca.①n.感觉asenseof……感asenseofduty责任感②n.感官③v.感觉到；意识到Exercises•Dogshaveastrongsenseofsmell. __________•Wecansensehissadness. __________•Whenchildrendochores,theycangetasenseofachievementbecausetheycanseetheresultssoonafterfinishingthechores. __________感官；感觉到；感觉7.achievement①make/get/havegreatachievements取得好成绩②theachievementof的成就/成绩③asenseofachievement成就感-ment是常见的名词后缀：develop（v.发展）→__________（n.发展）improve（v.改善）→__________（n.改善，改进）move（v.移动）→__________（n.运动；活动）development；improvement；movement8."Iknowsomepeoplethinkpostcardsareratherold-fashioned,butIthinkthey'reagoodwaytolearnaboutdifferentplaces,"①相当--多用于修饰形容词或副词。②更准确地说用于纠正所说的话或提供更确切的信息。③wouldratherdosth.宁愿做某事④ratherthan而不是相当于insteadof。Exercises•IthinkI'llhavetearatherthancoffee.__________•I'dratherhaveaquietnightinfrontoftheTV. __________•Theplantstherearequitegreen,thewaterisveryclearandtheairisratherfresh.__________9.“It's+adj.+of/forsb.todosth.”结构中，用of和用for的区别：It's+adj.+ofsb.todosth.意为“某人做某事是⋯⋯的”。强调对人的性格、品行的评价。常用的形容词有：good、kind、nice、clever等。forsb.todosth.意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。强调对客观情况的描述。常用的形容词有：easy、hard、ditficult、important等。Exercises1.做眼保健操对我来说很有必要，你能教我真好。————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————2.Amyoftendonates（捐赠）moneytocharities.Sheishelpful.（改为同义句）——————————————————————————————————1.It'snecessaryformetodoeyeexercisesandit'sreallyniceofyoutoteachme.2.It’shelpfulofAmytodonatesmoneytocharities.10.Shedreamsoftravellingtotheseplacesinthefuture！过去式和过去分词：____________________dreamed/dreamtdream的用法①梦想；希望dreamofdoingsth.梦想做某事=dreamaboutdoingsth.。②v.做梦；梦见③n.梦④n.梦想；愿望Exercises•ShedreamsofvisitingYunnanoneday. __________•Idreamtaboutyoulastnight. __________•Ihadadreamaboutmyoldschool. __________•Herlifelongdreamwastobeawriter. __________梦想；梦见；梦；梦想11.suggest与advise辨析作动词advisesuggest建议（某人）做某事advisesbtodosthsuggestdoingsth作名词advice（不可数名词）suggestion（可数名词）一条建议apieceofadviceasuggestion一些建议someadcicesomesuggestionsExercises1.Isuggested__________bybus.（go）2.Idon'tknowhowtobehaveatthedinnertable.Canyougivemesome__________(suggest)?3.I'llgiveyousome__________(advise)onhowtolearnEnglish.going；suggestions；advice12.Ididn'twanttotalktomyinstructoraboutitbecauseheseemedverystrict.①bestrictwithsb.对某人要求严格②bestrictaboutsth.对某事要求严格Exercises(1)我妈妈对我要求很严格，她对自己的工作要求也很严格。Mymother________________________meandsheisalso________________herwork.(2)教师对他们的学生严格是为了帮助他们取得更大的进步。Teachers________________________theirstudentsinordertohelpthemmakegreatprogress.isstrictwith；strictin;arestrictwith13.However,wechattedafterclassoneday,andIrealizedthathewassurprisinglynice！surprisinglyadv.出人意料地；惊人地→__________（adj.吃惊的）→__________（adj.令人惊讶的）→__________（v.使惊讶n.惊讶）surprised;surprising;surprise关于surprise的常考短语①toone'ssurprise对某人要求严格②insurprise对某事要求严格③besurprisedtodosth做某事感到惊讶④besurprisedatsth对某事感到惊讶⑤givesbasurprise给某人惊喜⑥surprisesb令某人诧异Exercises1.I’msurprised__________herhere.(see)2.I’m__________tohearwhattheboysays.(surprise)3.Toour__________,Samwasn’t__________atthe__________news.(surprise)4.Theexamwas__________easy.(surprise)1.tosee;2.surprised;3.surprise;surprised;surprising;4.surprisingly

Unit2SectionA1.表示“患病”或“……痛”的表达have+a/an/the+表示疾病haveafever发烧haveacold患感冒haveacough咳嗽havetheflu患流感havea/an+“表示身体部位的名词+ache”haveaheadache头痛haveatoothache牙痛haveastomachache胃痛haveasore+表示身体部位的名词haveasorethroat喉咙痛haveasoreleg腿疼表示身体部位的名词+hurtsMyheadhurts.我头疼haveapain+in+the+表示身体部位的名词Hehasapainintheknee.他膝盖疼。2.pressdownonyournosepress的用法①v.压；按；挤；推pressdown（onsth.）向下按压（某物）②v.催促；敦促③n.报刊，平面媒体；新闻界Exercises•Theyarepressingustomakeaquickdecision.__________•Hepressedthebuttonandthedoorclosed. __________•Thepressmayreportthecasewidely. __________催促；按下；报刊3.Accidentscanhappenwhenwe'recareless.caren.小心；谨慎→__________（adj.细心的）→__________（adj.细心地）→__________（adj.粗心的）→__________（adv.粗心地）careful；carefully；careless；carelesslyExercises我的弟弟如此粗心，考试时犯了许多错误。然而，我的表弟很细心，他在课堂上总是认真地听老师讲课和做笔记。Mylittlebrotherwasso__________thathemademanymistakesintheexam.However,mycousinwasvery__________.Healwayslistenedtotheteacherandtooknotes__________inclass.careless；careful；carefully4.We'llneedtodoatest,butIbelieveyouhavetheflu.test的用法①n.检查；测验doatest做检查/参加测验pass/failatest考试及格/不及格②v.检查；测验Exercises（判断词性）•I'mstillwaitingformytestresultsfromthehospital._________•Didyougetagoodmarkinthetest? _________•Thedoctortestedhishearing. _________n.;n.;v.5.Itstopsusfrompassingthefluvirustootherseasily.stopsb./sth.(from)doingsth.阻止某人/某物做某事=keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.。Exercises1.那场雨没有妨碍我们享受这次旅行。——————————————————————————————————2.我们应该阻止人类砍伐树木，破坏它们的栖息地。——————————————————————————————————1.Theraindidn'tstop/keepusfromenjoyingthetrip.2.Weshouldstop/keephumansfromcuttingdowntreesanddestroyingtheirhabitats.6.patient①n.病人②adj.有耐心的bepatientwithsb.对某人有耐心patientadj.有耐心的→__________（adj.没耐心的）→__________（adv.耐心地）→__________（n.耐心）impatient；patiently；patienceExercises布朗先生是一位有耐心的医生。他总是耐心地给他的病人做检查。他似乎永远不会不耐烦。他的耐心使他成为医院里最受欢迎的医生。MrBrownisa__________doctor.Healwaysexamineshis____________________.Itseemsthathenevergets__________.His__________makeshimthemostpopulardoctorinthehospital.patient；patients；patiently；impatient；patience7.Askingaboutinjuries/illnesses-ness是常见的名词后缀：“⋯的性质（或状态、特点）”，常加在形容词后。kind（adj.友好的）→__________（n.仁慈；善良）happy（幸福的））→__________（n.幸福）dark（黑暗的））→__________（n.黑暗）kindness;happiness;darkness8.Herclearestmemoryisnotoftheraceitself,buttheterriblepaininherlegsthenextday.①adj.清晰的；清楚的②v.清理clearup清理，使整洁③adj.天气晴朗的④adj.透明的;清澈的⑤adj.思路清晰的Exercises•Onaclearday,youcanseemostofthecityfromthetopofthetower. _________•Withhardworkandclearplans,youwillbecomesuccessfulinyourstudy. _________•It'syourturntoclearthetable. _________•Enoughsleephelpsuskeepclearminds. _________晴朗的；清晰的；清理；思路清晰的9.Ofcourse,...andyoucertainlyshouldn'tlookatitwhenyoucrosstheroad!①v.穿越；横过=goacross②n.交叉③n.十字形记号；叉号④adj.生气的becrosswithsb⑤crossingn.人行横道；十字路口Exercises•Turnrightatthesecondcrossing. _________•Thetrafficlightisred.It'sdangeroustocrossthestreetnow. _________•Putatickiftheansweriscorrectandacrossitit'swrong. _________•SometimesIamverycrosswiththechildren. _________十字路口；穿越；打叉；生气的Unit2SectionB1.辨析turnon,turnoff,turnup与turndownturnon打开turnoff关闭turnup调高，出现turndown调低，拒绝Exercises—Mom,couldI_____A____theTV?Iwanttowatchthenewsaboutspace.—Ofcourse.Anddon'tsittooclose.A.turnon B.turnoff C.puton D.putoff2.happyhappyadj.快乐的→__________（n.快乐；幸福）→__________（adv.快乐地；高兴地）happiness；happilyExercisesSomeboysandgirlswereplaying_____happily_____(happy)ontheplayground.3.Jamescriedoutandthrewhimselftothefloor.throw的用法①v.猛动身体（部位）②v.扔；抛1)throw...at..朝⋯⋯扔⋯⋯2)throwsb.sth.=throwsth.tosb.把某物扔给某人3)throwaway扔掉Exercises1.不要朝窗户扔石头。——————————————————————————————————2.我把球扔给了他——————————————————————————————————3.不要把你的玩具放在桌子上，否则我会把它们扔掉。——————————————————————————————————1.Don'tthrowstonesatthewindow.2.Ithrewhimtheball.=Ithrewtheballtohim.3.Don'tleaveyourtoysonthetable,orIwillthrowthemaway.4.aid①n.帮助；援助1)firstaid急救2)withtheaidof在⋯⋯的帮助下②v.帮助；援助1)aidin（doing）sth.有助于（做）某事2)aidsb.in（doing）sth.帮助某人做某事Exercises•Wefinishedtheworkwiththeaidofacomputer._________•StudentsinChinaarerequiredtolearnfirstaidatschoolaspartofhealtheducation.________•MrsGreen'smotheraidedherinlookingafterchildren._________•Theresearchaidsindevelopingnewprojects._________在……的帮助下；急救；帮助；有助于5.safetysafeadj.安全的→__________（n.安全）→__________（adv.安全地）→__________（n.危险）→__________（adj.危险的）safety；safely；danger；dangerous常考固定搭配：①forsafety为安全起见②insafety安全地③thesafetyof……的安全Exercises这是可以让孩子们安全玩耍的地方。•It'saplacewherechildrencanplay____________________.insafety6.Suddenly,theysmeltsmokeandfoundthepanwasonfire.somke的用法①n.（燃烧产生的）烟②v.吸（烟）；抽（烟）③v.冒烟Exercises•Thereisalotofsmokecomingfromthebuilding.__________•Thatoldcarsmokeswhenyoustartitup.__________•Hehasagoodlivinghabit.Heneithersmokesnordrinks.__________烟；冒烟；吸烟7.Luckily,Jameswasn'tbadlyhurt.luckn.运气→__________（adj.幸运的）→__________（adv.幸运地）→__________（adj.不幸的）→__________（adv.不幸地）lucky；luckily；unlucky；unluckilyExercisesHefelloffhisbikeyesterday,but__________(luck),hewasn'thurt.Hewouldn'tridesofast.luckily8.badlybadadj.坏的；严重的→__________（adv.严重地；非常；拙劣的）→__________（形容词比较级）→__________（形容词最高级）badly；worse；worstExercises1.Hewasina_________accident.（badly）2.Noonewas__________injuredintheaccident.（bad）3.Thechildbehaved__________attheparty.4.Bylunchtimeitwasraining__________thanever.（bad）1.bad2.badly3.badly4.worse9.Whatshouldwedotokeepourselvessafefromharm？harm的用法①n.伤害；损害doharmto=beharmfulto对……有害②v.伤害；损害Exercises噪声是一种污染，对我们的听力有害。——————————————————————————————————Noiseisakindofpollutionanditisharmfulto（=doesharmto）ourhearing.10.Don'tliedownfortoolongasitcouldmakeyourbackfeelsore.lie的用法①n.谎言②v.平躺③v.位于④v.撒谎Exercises•Youaretootired.Pleaseliedownforawhile.__________•ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.__________•Don'tlietome.__________•Theteacherasksusnottotelllies.__________躺下；位于；撒谎；谎言辨析lie与lay单词词义过去式过去分词现在分词lie平躺；位于laylainlyinglie说谎liedliedlyinglay产卵；放置laidlaidlayingExercises那个躺在地上的男人撒谎称，他把钱放在桌子上了。Theman__________onthegroundand__________thathehad__________themoneyonthedesk.lay；lied；laid11.Suddenly,somethinghitherhardandthrewhertotheground.hit的用法①n.碰撞；撞击②v.击；打③n.打；击；击中④n.风行一时的事物（如电影、戏剧、歌曲等）Exercises•Hemadethewinninghit.__________•Thebushitthebridge.__________•Shehithimontheheadwithabook.__________•Theoperawasagreathit.__________击中；撞击；打；风行一时的事物12.Shewassufferingfromshockandherarmwasbleeding.shock的用法①n.休克bein(astateof)shock=besufferingfromshock处于休克状态②v.使震惊③n.震惊；令人震惊的事inshock震惊地•Hewasinastateofshock.__________•Thenewsshockedherdeeply.__________•Thenewsofhisdeathcameasagreatshocktoeveryone.__________休克；使震惊；震惊

Unit3SectionA1.Howdowedealwithouremotions？辨析dealwith与dowith两者均可表示“解决；处理”，区别如下：dealwith常与how连用。dowith常与what连用。Exercises（B）1.Whynot__________yourteacherforadvicewhenyoudon'tknow__________theproblem.A.toask;howtodealwith B.ask;whattodowithC.ask;whattodealwith D.toask;howtodowith（D）2.—Idon'tknowhowto__________theoldclothes.—Youcangivethemawaytothecharity.sellout B.takeaway C.giveback D.dealwith2.alone与lonelylonely形容词“孤独的；寂寞的”，指情感上的孤独，带有伤感的色彩。“荒凉的；偏僻的”，通常用于名词前作定语。alone副词“独自；单独”，=byoneself=onmyown强调独自一人的客观情况，不含感情色彩形容词“单独的；独自的”，常用作表语，不能修饰名词。Exercises1.这位老人独自一人居住。Theoldmanlivesalone.=Theoldmanlives____________________.=Theoldmanlives______________________________.2.她有很多朋友。但是还是觉得很孤独。Shehasmanyfriends.Butshefeels__________.3.他喜欢独自待在房子里。Helikesbeing__________inthehouse4.那个老人独自一人住在一个荒凉的房子里。Theoldmanlivesina__________houseintheforest__________.1.byhimself；onhisown2.lonely3.alone4.lonely;alone3.Petercouldn'tcontrolhisangerwhenhetalkedtoHarry.control的用法①v.控制；克制②n.控制；管理beincontrolof控制；管理be/get/runoutofcontrol失去控制beundercontrol被控制住；处于控制之下losecontrolof对⋯失去控制Exercises1.他觉得很难克制住自己的感情。——————————————————————————————————2.戴维失去了对风筝的控制，风筝掉到了树上。——————————————————————————————————1.Hefounditdifficulttocontrolhisfeelings.2.Davidlostcontrolofthekite,anditfellintoatree.4.angerangryadj.生气的→__________（n.生气）→__________（adv.生气地）anger的用法①n.生气若后接sb或sth，要在anger后面加at②inanger生气地③beangrywith/atsb.生某人的气④beangryat/about/oversth.对某事感到生气Exercises1.他无法掩饰对我们的愤怒。Hecouldn'thidehis______________________________.2.他气得提高了嗓门。Heraisedhisvoice____________________.3.请别冲着我发脾气。这不是我的错。Pleasedon't______________________________me.It'snotmyfault.4.他对这种不公的情况感到生气。He______________________________theinjusticeofthesituation.1.angeratus2.inanger3.beangrywith/at4.wasangryat/about/over5.PetertoldHarrytheguitarwasabirthdaypresentfromhisgrandfather...①n.&adj.现在的atpresent现在；目前②adj.出席的；在场的（absent缺席的）③v.颁发；授予④n.礼物=giftExercises•Theycan'twaittohavealookatthepresent.__________•I'msatisfiedwithmypresentjob.__________•Atpresent,Chinaisdevelopingthisnewenergysource.__________•Therewere200peoplepresentwhenthemeetingstarted.__________•TheheadmasterpresentedMrWangwithamedal.__________礼物；现在的；目前；出席的；授予6.Shegetsbettergrades,playsthepianowell,oftenwinsawards...award的用法①n.奖；奖品win/receive/getanawardforsth.因某事赢得/得到/获得奖项②v.授予；判给awardsb.sth.=awardsth.tosb.授予某人某种奖励Exercises1.这部电影获得了多个奖项。Themoviehas__________________________________________________.2.他因出色的教学而获奖。He______________________________forexcellenceinteaching.3.评委授予我一等奖。Thejudgeawardedmefirstprize.=Thejudge________________________________________me.1.wonanumberofawards2.receivedanawards3.awardedfirstprizeto7.I'mfeelingalotofpressurebecause...pressure的用法①n.压力=stress②putpressureonsb.给某人施加压力③underpressure/stress在压力下④reducepressure减轻压力Exercises1.你应该学会放松，不要给自己施加太多压力。Youshouldlearntorelaxandnotto__________________________________________________.2.我知道人在压力下很容易生气。Iknowthatpeoplegetmadeasilywhenthey're____________________.1.putsomuchpressureonyourself2.underpressure8.Next,shareyourproblemswithsomeoneyoutrustinsteadofshuttingyourselfaway.shut的用法①v.关闭；合上；住嘴②过去式和过去分词均为shut③shutsb./sth.away把⋯⋯关/藏起来；隔离④shutdown停业；倒闭；关闭⑤shutup闭嘴Exercises•Justshutupandlisten！__________•Somewriterswillshutthemselvesawaytowrite.__________•Thetheatreshutdownaftermorethanhalfacentury.__________闭嘴；关起来；停业9.Youshouldeathealthyfood,getplentyofsleep...与“大量的；许多的”相关的短语：plentyof后接可数名词与不可数名词alotof/lotsof后接可数名词与不可数名词anumberof后接可数名词agreatdealof后接不可数名词Exercises1.许多学生都通过了考试。______________________________studentshavepassedtheexam.2.我们可以从互联网上获得大量信息。Wecanget________________________________________informationfrominternet.3.许多水都被污染。____________________thewaterispolluted.1.Anumberof/Alotof2.agreatdealof3.Plentyof/LotsofUnit3SectionB1.inlowspirits情绪低落low的用法①adj.沮丧的，情绪低落的②adj.低的(表示价格、声音、温度、水平等低，反义词次high高的)③adj.矮的Exercises•Icanbuyplaneticketsatverylowprices.__________•Myfathercameoverandsatonalowchair.__________•Heisfeelingabitlow,soIdomybesttocheerhimup.__________低的；矮的；沮丧的2.enterenter的用法①v.进入=go/comeinto②v.考上（学校或大学）③v.报名参加④v.输入（信息）Exercises•Lindawillenterawritingcompetition.__________•WangLeiislookingforwardtoenteringthebesthighschoolinSeptember.__________•Jack,tellmehowtoentertheinformation.__________•Whentheteacherenteredtheclassroom,allthestudentsstoppedtalking.__________报名参加；考上；输入；进入3."Iguesswehavetorespecthisdecision,"Mattsaidafterawhile...decision的用法①makedecisions/makeadecision/makeone'sdecision做决定②changeone'sdecision改变决定③makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.决定做某事Exercises露西是一个难以做决定的女孩。今天早上她决定加入一个艺术俱乐部，但是中午她又改变了决定。Lucyisagirlwhohasdifficultyin____________________.She__________________________________________________anartclubthismorning,but______________________________atnoon.makingdecisions；madeadecisiontojoin；changedherdecision4.I'mproudofus,andIknowourcoachandeveryoneelseinourschoolareasud的用法①beproudtodosth.为做某事很自豪②beproudof...为⋯⋯感到自豪=takepridein③beproud+that从句很自豪⋯Exercises1.我们都为你的成功感到自豪。Weallbeproudofyoursuccess.=Weall______________________________yoursuccess.2.你会为我感到自豪的，爸爸。Youwill______________________________me,Dad.1.takepridein2.takepridein/beproudof5.辨析too,either,also，aswell四者都有“也”的意思，区别如下：too常用于肯定句或疑问句的句末，其前加不加逗号均可。either常用于否定句句末，其前通常不加逗号。also常用于肯定句句中，一般放在连系动词be、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。aswell常用于肯定句或疑问句的句末，其前不加逗号。Exercises1.Icanhelpyou,__________.2.Myfathercan'tgothere__________.3.Shecansinganddance____________________.4.She__________hasmilkforbreakfast.1.too;2.either;3.aswell;4.also6.Mattfeltabitbetter.辨析abit与abitofabit副词，表示“有点儿；稍微”，通常放在形容词或者动词前面，表示程度abit=kindof=alittle+形容词abitof是一个量词短语，表示“一点儿”，后面必须跟不可数名词abitof=alittle+不可数名词Exercises1.我刚才喝了一点儿水。Idrankalittlewaterjustnow.=Idrank______________________________waterjustnow.2.我有点累。I'm____________________tired.3.她把声音提高了一点点。Shespoke____________________louder.1.abitof2.abit/kindof/alittle3.abit7.It'smoreimportanttolearnfromyourmistakessothatyoudon'trepeattheminfuture.re-是常见的前缀，表示“又；再；重新”。如：redo__________ recycle__________ rewrite__________reunion__________ reuse__________重做；再利用；重写；重聚；再使用8.thankful①bethankfultosb.for(doing)sth.某事而对某人心存感激②bethankfulforsth.感谢某事Exercises1.你应该感谢父母给予你良好的教育。——————————————————————————————————2.感谢你的帮助。——————————————————————————————————1.Youshouldbethankfultoyourparentsforgivingyouagoodeducation.2.Iamthankfulforyourhelp.9.behavebehavev.表现；举止得体→__________（n.举止；行为）→__________（adj.表现得……的）behaviour；behavedbehave的用法①behavewell表现好②behavebadly表现差③behaveoneself举止规矩有礼；行检点Exercises1.父母必须确保他们的孩子表现得体，以免给别人带来麻烦。Parentsmustm