体验真正的北京 一座不断自我重塑的城市（顶级好文）（语法填空专练）（解析版）

体验真正的北京——一座不断自我重塑的城市（解析版）【话题·导语】HowtoexperiencetherealBeijingin2026—acityofconstantreinventionThecitythathasreinventeditselfacrossdynastieshasnoshortageofnewmust-seeattractionsin2026.Here’showtoseethebestofBeijing,fromtheForbiddenCitytoitshiddencourtyardsandalleyways.2026年如何体验真正的北京——一座不断自我重塑的城市这座历经朝代更迭而焕然一新的城市，2026年依然拥有众多不容错过的景点。本文将带您领略北京的精华所在，从故宫到那些隐秘的庭院与巷弄。【原文·时文阅读】文章来源：/travel/best-of-the-world-2026/article/beijing-chinaBeijing’sstoryisalongarcoftransformation—acitythathasreinventeditselfacrossdynastiesanddecades,transformingfromanimperialcapitaltoaglobalmetropolis.Beijinghassometimesfoughtforitsimage,butanyonewhohasspenttimehereknowsthatthecity’sappealdoesn’tlieinaflashyskylineorinternationalinfluence,butratherinitsunassumingcornerrestaurantswherehardworkingchefsdishupspecialitiesfromeverypartofthecountry,andinhutongalleywayswhererestingbicyclesandhiddencourtyardscenteryoufirmlyintherealChina.OnceaMongolstrongholdknownasDadu,BeijingbecametheMingdynasty’scapitalin1421,justaftertheForbiddenCitywascompletedasasymbolofabsoluteimperialauthority.Thecity’sstrictgridlayout—stillusedtoday—wasdevisedunderKublaiKhanin1271andrefinedbyMingplanners,withremnantsoftheoldcitywallandgatesstillvisibleinneighborhoodslikeDeshengmenandChongwenmen.In2026,theBeijingCentralAxis—anearlyfive-milestripofimperialandceremonialbuildingsandgardens—isarecentadditiontoUNESCO’sWorldHeritageList,andanewsightseeingbusmakesiteasiertogetalookatthehighlights:theTempleofHeaven,TiananmenSquare,theForbiddenCity,andtheDrumandBellTowers,allstunningexamplesofancientChinesecityplanning.SeveralpreviouslyclosedimperialtombsnearChangpingonBeijing’soutskirtshavebeenrenovatedandwillopentothepublicforthefirsttime,andanewhikingtrailandfleetofgreen-energybusesareleadingBeijingforwardwithitseyesonasustainablefuture.【语法填空】Beijing’sstoryisalongarcoftransformation—acitythathasreinventeditselfacrossdynastiesanddecades,1._______（transform）fromanimperialcapitaltoaglobalmetropolis.Beijinghassometimesfoughtforitsimage,butanyonewhohasspenttimehereknowsthatthecity’sappealdoesn’tlieinaflashyskylineorinternationalinfluence,2._______ratherinitsunassumingcornerrestaurantswherehardworkingchefsdishupspecialitiesfromeverypartofthecountry,andinhutongalleyways3._______restingbicyclesandhiddencourtyardscenteryoufirmlyintherealChina.OnceaMongolstronghold4._______（know）asDadu,BeijingbecametheMingdynasty’scapitalin1421,justaftertheForbiddenCity5._______（complete）asasymbolofabsoluteimperialauthority.Thecity’sstrictgridlayout—stillusedtoday—wasdevisedunderKublaiKhanin1271andrefinedbyMing6._______（plan）,withremnantsoftheoldcitywallandgatesstillvisibleinneighborhoodslikeDeshengmenandChongwenmen.In2026,theBeijingCentralAxis—anearlyfive-milestripofimperialand7._______（ceremony）buildingsandgardens—isarecentadditiontoUNESCO’sWorldHeritageList,andanewsightseeingbusmakesit8._______（easy）togetalookatthehighlights:theTempleofHeaven,TiananmenSquare,theForbiddenCity,andtheDrumandBellTowers,allstunningexamplesofancientChinesecityplanning.Several9._______（previous）closedimperialtombsnearChangpingonBeijing’soutskirtshavebeenrenovatedandwillopentothepublicforthefirsttime,andanewhikingtrailandfleetofgreen-energybusesareleadingBeijingforward10._______itseyesonasustainablefuture.【答案】1.transforming2.but3.where4.known5.wascompleted6.planners7.ceremonial8.easier9.previously10.with【解析】1.transforming考查现在分词。北京的故事是一段跨越朝代与岁月的蜕变长卷——这座历经沧桑的城市，从昔日的帝王都城蜕变为举世瞩目的国际大都会。此处transform和city是主动关系，用现在分词表示自然的结果状语。故填transforming。2.but考查并列连词。这座城市的魅力不在于炫目的天际线或国际影响力，而在于那些不起眼的街角餐馆里。此处not...but...意为：不是……而是……。故填but。3.where考查定语从句。胡同小巷中，停放的自行车与隐秘的庭院，将你牢牢定格在中国的真实图景之中。此处hutongalleyways是先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。4.known考查过去分词。北京曾是蒙古人的要塞大都。此处knownas被称为，公认为。故填known。5.wascompleted考查动词的被动语态。此处根据前面的in1421可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wascompleted。6.planners考查名词复数。城市至今沿用的严格网格布局，最初由忽必烈于1271年规划，后经明朝规划者完善。根据前面的refinedbyMing可知，此处指“人”，根据句意用复数。故填planners。7.ceremonial考查词形转换。修饰名词buildingsandgardens用形容词，故填ceremonial。8.easier考查比较级。新增的观光巴士让游客更便捷地游览天坛、天安门广场、故宫及鼓楼与钟楼等精华景点。根据句意这里用比较级作宾补。故填easier。9.previously考查词形转换。北京郊区昌平区多处曾关闭的皇家陵墓近日完成修缮，将首次向公众开放。修饰形容词closed的用副词形式。故填previously。10.with考查介词的用法。一条全新徒步步道与多辆新能源公交车的投入使用，正推动北京迈向可持续发展的未来。此处with意为：用。故填with。【课标词汇积累】1.transformationn.变化,转换Theuniversitylibraryunderwentaremarkabletransformation,introducingdigitalresourcesandcollaborativespacesthatrevolutionizedstudents'studyexperiences.大学图书馆经历了显著的转型，引入数字资源和协作空间，彻底改变了学生的学习体验。2.reinventvt.重复发明，彻底改造，重新使用Theschoolfestivalwasreinventedthisyearwithvirtualrealityexhibits,attractingmoreparticipantsthaneverbefore.今年的校园节日通过虚拟现实展览重新设计，吸引了比以往更多的参与者。3.imperialadj.帝国的,皇帝的TheimperialexamsysteminancientChinainspiredmodernstudentstovalueperseveranceintheiracademicpursuits.中国古代的科举制度激励现代学生在学术追求中重视坚持不懈的精神。4.appealv.呼吁，对…有吸引力n.呼吁，恳求,吸引力，感染力Campusclubsusecreativeposterstoenhancetheirappealtofreshmenduringorientationweek.

校园社团在迎新周用创意海报增强对新生吸引力。5.influencen.势力,影响,有影响的人/事物;v.影响,支配Peerinfluenceplaysacrucialroleinshapingstudents'attitudestowardextracurricularactivities.

同伴影响对塑造学生课外活动态度起关键作用。6.strongholdn.要塞,据点,根据地TraditionalclassroomsarelosingtheirstrongholdasprimarylearningspaceswiththeriseofMOOCplatforms.

随着慕课平台兴起，传统教室正失去其作为主要学习空间的统治地位。7.authorityn.当权者,职权,权力,权限,威信,影响力Studentsshouldlearntoquestionacademicauthorityappropriatelywhilemaintainingrespectforexpertise.

学生应学会在尊重专业知识的同时适当质疑学术权威。8.highlightv.突出，强调,（使）醒目,挑染;n.最好的部分,挑染的头发Timemanagementskillswerehighlightedasthemostvaluabletakeawayfromthefreshmanorientationprogram.时间管理技能被强调为新生入学教育中最有价值的收获。9.renovatevt.翻新，修复，整修,革新，更新Thedormitoryrenovationprojectincorporatedsoundproofstudypodstoaccommodatenightowls.

宿舍翻新工程加入了隔音自习舱以适应熬夜学习的学生。10.sustainableadj.可持续的,可以忍受的,可支撑的Developingsustainablestudyhabitsismoreeffectivethanlast-minutecrammingforlong-termacademicsuccess.培养可持续的学习习惯对长期学术成功比临时抱佛脚更有效。【课标词汇训练】根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。1.The_____________ofteachingmethodsfromtraditionallecturestointeractiveonlineplatformshasgreatlyenhancedstudentengagement.教学方法从传统讲座转变为互动在线平台，极大地提高了学生的参与度。2.To_____________theirstudyhabits,manystudentsareadoptingtime-managementappsandpersonalizedlearningstrategies.为了重塑学习习惯，许多学生开始使用时间管理应用和个性化学习策略。3.His_____________attitudetowardgroupprojectsoftencausedconflictswithclassmateswhopreferredcollaborativedecision-making.他对小组项目专断的态度常与偏好协作决策的同学发生冲突。4.Theprofessor's_____________fororiginalthinkingratherthanrotememorizationresonateddeeplywiththestudentbody.教授对原创思维而非死记硬背的呼吁在学生群体中引起深刻共鸣。5.Theprofessor'sresearchonlearningpsychologycontinuesto_____________educationalreformsnationwide.

这位教授关于学习心理学的研究持续影响着全国教育改革。6.Thelibraryremainstheintellectual_____________ofthecampus,wherestudentsgatherforintensivestudysessions.图书馆仍是校园的知识堡垒，学生们聚集于此进行深度学习。7.Thedean's_____________waschallengedwhennewevidenceemergedaboutthegradingsystem'sflaws.

当出现关于评分系统缺陷的新证据时，院长的权威受到挑战。8.Theresearchsymposium_____________undergraduatestudents'innovativecontributionstorenewableenergystudies.该研讨会突出了本科生对可再生能源研究的创新贡献。9._____________thecurriculumtoincludeAIliteracyhasbecomeapriorityformanyuniversities.

将人工智能素养纳入课程改革已成为许多高校的优先事项。10.Studentorganizationspromote_____________campuslifestylesthroughreusableutensilcampaignsandbike-sharingprograms.学生组织通过可重复使用餐具活动和共享单车项目推广可持续校园生活方式。Keys:1.transformation2.reinvent3.imperial4.appeal5.influence6.stronghold7.authority8.highlighted9.Renovating10.sustainable【参考译文】北京的故事是一段跨越朝代与岁月的蜕变长卷——这座历经沧桑的城市，从昔日的帝王都城蜕变为举世瞩目的国际大都会。北京虽曾为城市形象奋力拼搏，但凡在此生活过的人皆知，这座城市的魅力不在于炫目的天际线或国际影响力，而在于那些不起眼的街角餐馆里，勤勉的厨师们烹制着来自全国各地的特色美食；更在于胡同小巷中，停放的自行车与隐秘的庭院，将你牢牢定格在中国的真实图景之中。北京曾是蒙古人的要塞大都，1421年元世祖忽必烈下令建造象征绝对皇权的紫禁城后，这里正式成为明朝都城。城市至今沿用的严格网格布局，最初由忽必烈于1271年规划，后经明朝规划者完善。如今在德胜门、崇文门等街区，仍可见古城墙和城门的遗迹。2026年，北京中轴线——这条绵延近五英里（约8公里）的皇家建筑群与园林带——正式入选联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。新增的观光巴士让游客更便捷地游览天坛、天安门广场、故宫及鼓楼与钟楼等精华景点，这些中国古代城市规划的典范之作令人叹为观止。北京郊区昌平区多处曾关闭的皇家陵墓近日完成修缮，将首次向公众开放。与此同时，一条全新徒步步道与多辆新能源公交车的投入使用，正推动北京迈向可持续发展的未来。好题精练好题精练练Passage1阅读理解（2026·广东澳台侨二十校高三第一次联考）TheBestPlacestoTravelin2026HandpickedbyNationalGeographic’steam,these2026must-visitdestinationsofferuniqueexperiencesacrosstheglobe.MilanandtheDolomites,Italy,willgrabglobalattentionashostsofthe2026WinterOlympicandParalympicGamesinFebruaryandMarch.ThemostgeographicallydispersedWinterGamesever,competitionsandceremonieswillspan8,500primarilymountainoussquaremilesofnorthernItaly,withmosteventsheldinthelegendaryDolomites.Québec,Canada,boastsNibiischiiPark—oneofitsnewestnationalparksandthefirstmanagedbyaFirstNation.TheCreeNationofMistissinihasprotectedover4,000squaremilesoflakecountryinnorthernQuébec,encompassingtheprovince’slargestwildlifereserve.AccessiblefromChibougamau,it’sa90-minuteflightfromMontréalviaAirCreebec,ownedbytheCreeNation.Beijing,China,offersfreshexplorationwaysin2026.TheBeijingCentralAxis,anearlyfive-milestripofimperialbuildingsandgardens,hasrecentlyjoinedUNESCO’sWorldHeritageList.AnewsightseeingbussimplifiesvisitstohighlightsliketheTempleofHeaven,ForbiddenCity,andDrumandBellTowers—masterpiecesofancientChinesecityplanning.Dominicaissettoestablishtheworld’sfirstspermwhalereservebyearly2026.Coveringnearly800squarekilometersoffitswestcoast,thereserveprotectsaround200year-roundresidentspermwhales,reflectingthenation’scommitmenttomarineconservation.Visitorscanswimwithorobservethesecreatures,withstrictnumberregulationsbyreservestaff.1．Whenwillthe2026WinterOlympicandParalympicGamesbeheldinItaly?A．InFebruaryandMarch. B．InJanuaryandFebruary.C．InMarchandApril. D．InAprilandMay.2．WhatmakesNibiischiiParkinQuébecspecial?A．ItismanagedbyaFirstNation. B．ItisCanada’slargestnationalpark.C．Itisaccessibleonlybyship. D．Itcovers8,500squaremiles.3．WhatrecentchangehashappenedtotheBeijingCentralAxis?A．Itwasrebuiltwithmodernfacilities.B．ItwasaddedtoUNESCO’sWorldHeritageList.C．Itbecameapopularshoppingdestination.D．Itwasclosedforhistoricalpreservation.4．WhatisthemainpurposeofDominica’sspermwhalereserve?A．Topromotewhale-watchingtourism.B．Tostudyspermwhalebehavior.C．Toprotectspermwhalesandmarineecosystems.D．Toattractinternationalscientificresearchteams.【答案】1．A2．A3．B4．C【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了2026年《国家地理》团队精选的全球最佳旅游目的地及其特色。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“MilanandtheDolomites,Italy,willgrabglobalattentionashostsofthe2026WinterOlympicandParalympicGamesinFebruaryandMarch.(意大利的米兰和多洛米蒂山将于2月和3月举办2026年冬奥会和残奥会，吸引全球目光。)”可知，2026年冬奥会和残奥会将于2月和3月在意大利举行。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Québec,Canada,boastsNibiischiiPark—oneofitsnewestnationalparksandthefirstmanagedbyaFirstNation.(加拿大魁北克省拥有Nibiischii公园，这是其最新的国家公园之一，也是第一个由原住民管理的国家公园。)”可知，魁北克的Nibiischii公园的特别之处在于它由一个原住民部落管理。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“TheBeijingCentralAxis,anearlyfive-milestripofimperialbuildingsandgardens,hasrecentlyjoinedUNESCO’sWorldHeritageList.(北京中轴线是一条近五英里长的皇家建筑和园林带，最近被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。)”可知，北京中轴线最近被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。故选B。4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Dominicaissettoestablishtheworld’sfirstspermwhalereservebyearly2026.Coveringnearly800squarekilometersoffitswestcoast,thereserveprotectsaround200year-roundresidentspermwhales,reflectingthenation’scommitmenttomarineconservation.(多米尼克将于2026年初建立世界上第一个抹香鲸保护区。该保护区位于其西海岸附近，面积近800平方公里，保护着约200头常年居住的抹香鲸，反映了该国对海洋保护的承诺。)”可知，多米尼克建立抹香鲸保护区的主要目的是保护抹香鲸和海洋生态系统。故选C。【长难句分析】【文章原句】Coveringnearly800squarekilometersoffitswestcoast,thereserveprotectsaround200year-roundresidentspermwhales,reflectingthenation’scommitmenttomarineconservation.【句式分析】这个句子是一个简单句，但成分比较复杂。Coveringnearly800squarekilometersoffitswestcoast,是现在分词短语作状语，reflectingthenation’scommitmenttomarineconservation现在分词短语作伴随状语。【翻译】该保护区西海岸绵延近800平方公里，守护着约200头常年栖息的抹香鲸，彰显了国家对海洋保护的坚定承诺。Passage2阅读理解（2026·辽宁省七校协作体高三联考）Long-leggedandfair-haired,theBarbiedollhasbecomeasymbolofchildren’stoysintheWest.Butmorethan1,000yearsago,adollthatbecamepopularinChinawasjustasattractive.Beijingsilkfigurines(北京绢人)aremadefromthinsilk,gauze(纱罗)anddamask(锦缎)anddesignedwithdetailedfacialexpressions.Withtheirdelicatecraftsmanshipandculturalmeaning,theartofmakingthemwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritagein2021.JiaoTianqi,30,hasspentsixyearslearningandpreservingthecraft.“Formany,thesesilkfigurinesarejustartpieces,buttome,theyarelikemychildren,”Jiaoexpressed.Creatingasilkfigurinehascomplexsteps,includingdesigning,painting,makingclothesandprops(道具).“Eachsteprequiresthegreatestpatienceandlove,”Jiaoadded.Beforemakingafigurine,theartistmustdesignitandmakesurethehead-to-bodyratioiscorrect.“Accordingtoaestheticstandards,forastandingsilkfigurine,thehead-to-bodyratiois1:7;foraseatedposition,itis1:5,”Jiaosaid.Butsincemosttraditionalsilkfigurinesare80to100centimeterstall,everypartissmall.“Aslighttremor(哆嗦)meansstartingover,”shesaid.Becausesilkfigurinesoftenshownoblewomenorcharactersfromclassicliterature,artiststrytoexpresstheirculturalspirit.“WhenmakingWangXifengfromDreamoftheRedChamber,wereferencedthe1987TVadaptationforhermultiplehairpin(发簪)looktoshowherstatusasanimportantfigureintheJiafamily,”Jiaoexplained.“ForLinDaiyu,wereflectedheridentityasadependentthroughhergestures,suchasloweringherheadandfrowning.”Thisrequiresreadingtounderstandtheculturebehindthecharacters.Sincemakingsilkfigurinestakestimeandeffort,fewcontinuethecraft.“Duetoexpensivematerials,silkfigurinesarecostly,andweoftendon’tknowiftheywillsell,”Jiaosaid.“Nowadays,peoplepreferquickmoney,sooutof100peoplewhocometolearn,onlyoneortwopersistincarryingonthetradition.”Toaddressthis,Jiaoandherteamworkwithpeoplefromallwalksoflifetoraiseawareness.They’realsoexploringAItechnologytomakedesignandmaterialanalysismoreaccurateandaffordable.5．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutBeijingsilkfigurines?A．Theirspecialqualitiesandculturalimportance.B．WhathasmadethemsopopularinChina.C．Thestep-by-stepprocessofcreatingthem.D．HowtheydifferfromWesternBarbiedolls.6．AccordingtoJiao,whatisextremelyimportantwhencreatingsilkfigurines?A．Curiosityandcreativity. B．Abasicsenseofaesthetics.C．Patienceandpassion. D．Astrongteamspirit.7．WhydoestheauthormentionWangXifengandLinDaiyuinparagraph7?A．Topresenttypicalcharactersrepresentedinsilkfigurines.B．Tostresstheculturalsignificanceofsilkfigurines.C．ToshowhowTVadaptationsinfluencetraditionalart.D．Toillustratehowsilkfigurinesreflectculturalcharacteristics.8．Whydofewpeoplecontinuethecraftofmakingsilkfigurines?A．Thematerialsaredifficulttofind.B．Theylackinterestinclassicliterature.C．Theyfailtorecognizeitsculturalvalue.D．Highcostsanduncertainsalesdiscouragethem.【答案】5．A6．C7．D8．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京绢人这一国家级非物质文化遗产的特点、制作过程、文化意义以及传承现状，同时提到了传承人为传承这一技艺所做的努力。5．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Beijingsilkfigurines(北京绢人)aremadefromthinsilk,gauze(纱罗)anddamask(锦缎)anddesignedwithdetailedfacialexpressions.Withtheirdelicatecraftsmanshipandculturalmeaning,theartofmakingthemwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritagein2021.(北京绢人以薄丝绸、纱罗和锦缎为原料制成，面部表情刻画细致。凭借精湛的工艺和文化内涵，制作北京绢人的技艺在2021年被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。)”可知，本段主要介绍了北京绢人的特殊品质和文化重要性。故选A项。6．细节理解题。根据第四段“Creatingasilkfigurinehascomplexsteps,includingdesigning,painting,makingclothesandprops(道具).“Eachsteprequiresthegreatestpatienceandlove,”Jiaoadded.(制作绢人需要复杂的步骤，包括设计、绘画、制作衣服和道具。“每一步都需要极大的耐心和热爱，”焦补充道。)”可知，焦认为制作绢人时，耐心和热情是极其重要的。故选C项。7．推理判断题。根据第七段““WhenmakingWangXifengfromDreamoftheRedChamber,wereferencedthe1987TVadaptationforhermultiplehairpin(发簪)looktoshowherstatusasanimportantfigureintheJiafamily,”Jiaoexplained.“ForLinDaiyu,wereflectedheridentityasadependentthroughhergestures,suchasloweringherheadandfrowning.”Thisrequiresreadingtounderstandtheculturebehindthecharacters.(焦解释说：“在制作《红楼梦》中的王熙凤时，我们参考了1987年的电视剧改编版，为她设计了多个发簪造型，以显示她在贾家的重要地位。”“对于林黛玉，我们通过她的动作，如低头皱眉，来反映她寄人篱下的身份。”这需要通过阅读来理解人物背后的文化内涵。)”可知，作者提到王熙凤和林黛玉是为了说明绢人是如何通过细节设计来体现人物的文化特征的。故选D项。8．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Sincemakingsilkfigurinestakestimeandeffort,fewcontinuethecraft.“Duetoexpensivematerials,silkfigurinesarecostly,andweoftendon’tknowiftheywillsell,”Jiaosaid.“Nowadays,peoplepreferquickmoney,sooutof100peoplewhocometolearn,onlyoneortwopersistincarryingonthetradition.”(由于制作绢人耗时费力，很少有人继续从事这门手艺。“因为材料昂贵，绢人的价格不菲，而且我们常常不知道它们能否卖出去，”焦说，“如今，人们更倾向于赚快钱，所以在来学习的100人中，只有一两个人坚持传承这一传统。”）”可知，很少有人继续绢人制作工艺是因为高成本和不确定的销量让他们望而却步。故选D项。【词汇积累】1.attractiveadj.有魅力的,好看的,吸引人的,悦耳的2.facialn.面部护理，美容;adj.面部的3.intangibleadj.触不到的,难以理解的,无法确定的4.preservev.保持,保护5.literaturen.文学,著作6.seatedadj.就座的,固定的,有…座位的,根深蒂固的7.costlyadj.昂贵的,造成严重损失的8.affordableadj.价格合理的,买得起的Passage3阅读七选五阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·江苏省徐州市部分学校高三月考）China’sGrandCanalStretchingover1:770kilometersfromHangzhoutoBeijing,China’sGrandCanalholdsthetitleoftheworld’soldestandlongestcanal.Theearliestpartsofthecanalwereconstructedaround500BCE,whenChinawasdividedintonumerousstates.1ThepotentialofconnectingthesedisjointedpartswasfirstrealizedbytheSuiDynastyinthe6thand7thcenturiesCE.2ItwasdugtotransportgrainfromChina’sagriculturalcentersinthesouthtoitseconomicandpoliticalcentersinthenorth,aboveallthecapitalofBeijing.Thisnewinfrastructure(基础设施)enabledadditionalurbangrowth,extendedthegovernment’sadministrativecontrol,andprovidedaquickandeffectivemethodofcommunicatingoverlargedistances.Amongvariousimprovementsmadeovertheyearstoincreasethecanal’sefficiency,themostnotableonewastheinventionofthepoundlockinthe10thcenturybyQiaoWeiyue,askilledChineseengineer.3Thesystemconsistsofaseriesofgatedchambers(闸室)or“steps”wherethewaterlevelisgraduallyraisedorlowered,liftingshipsupordowntheincline(斜坡).Thiscleverdevicecontinuestobeinheavyuseover1,000yearslater,asafeatureinalmosteverymoderncanalorriverthathasdifferentwaterlevels.Today,onlyasmallsouthernsectionofthecanalissuitableformoderncommercialshipstosailon.4ItisprovingitsimportanceyetagainasapartofChina’smassiveSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversionProject,bringingfreshwatertothirstyBeijing.Itisrarethataprojectthathasstoodforquiteafewcenturiescanremainarelevantandworld-famoushistoricalsite.5A．So,whatwasthecanalbuiltfor?B．Buttherestofthecanalisnotinactive.C．Itallowsboatstomovebetweendifferentlevelseasily.D．Generallyspeaking,howmanylocksdoeseachcanalhave?E．Thatiswhyit’sviewedasoneofmankind’sgreatachievements.F．Manyofthembuilttheirowncanalsforagriculturalandmilitarypurposes.G．ThegovernmentjoinedthemanycanalsintoanewonebetweenBeijingandHangzhou.【答案】1．F2．A3．C4．B5．E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国大运河的相关情况，包括其长度、历史起源、修建目的、重要技术发明、如今的使用状况，以及其作为人类伟大成就的地位。1．上文“Theearliestpartsofthecanalwereconstructedaround500BCE,whenChinawasdividedintonumerousstates.(大运河最早的部分建于公元前500年左右，当时中国分裂为许多诸侯国)”说明公元前500年左右中国处于分裂状态，且已有大运河的早期部分，可推测当时各诸侯国可能会有各自的运河建设行为。F项“其中许多诸侯国为了农业和军事目的修建了自己的运河。”说明当时各诸侯国的运河建设行为，与“大运河最早部分”的起源形成呼应，逻辑连贯。故选F。2．下文“ItwasdugtotransportgrainfromChina’sagriculturalcentersinthesouthtoitseconomicandpoliticalcentersinthenorth,aboveallthecapitalofBeijing.(修建它是为了将粮食从中国南方的农业中心运往北方的经济和政治中心，尤其是首都北京)”明确阐述了大运河的修建目的，因此空格处应是提出“运河修建目的这一问题，A项“那么，这条运河是为了什么而修建的？”以设问形式引出下文对运河修建目的的具体说明，设问逻辑清晰，能自然引出下文。故选A。3．上文“Amongvariousimprovementsmadeovertheyearstoincreasethecanal’sefficiency,themostnotableonewastheinventionofthepoundlockinthe10thcenturybyQiaoWeiyue,askilledChineseengineer.(在多年来为提高运河效率所做的各种改进中，最值得注意的是10世纪由技艺精湛的中国工程师乔维岳发明的船闸)”引出“船闸”这一发明，下文应进一步说明船闸的功能或作用。C项“它能让船只轻松在不同水位间通行。”中的“它”指代上文的“船闸”，具体解释了船闸“帮助船只在不同水位通行”的功能。故选C。4．上文“Today,onlyasmallsouthernsectionofthecanalissuitableformoderncommercialshipstosailon.(如今，运河只有南部一小段适合现代商船航行)”强调仅南部小段适航，通过only可推测下文会转折说明运河其他部分的情况，避免形成运河大部分无用的误解。B项“但运河的其他部分并非闲置。”以but开头，形成转折，承接上文“仅南部小段适航”，说明运河其他部分仍有用途，且与下文“作为南水北调工程一部分输水至北京的用途说明相呼应，逻辑通顺。故选B。5．上文“Itisrarethataprojectthathasstoodforquiteafewcenturiescanremainarelevantandworld-famoushistoricalsite.(一个历经数百年的工程，仍能保持重要性并成为世界著名历史遗迹，这是罕见的)”强调大运河的罕见价值，空格处应总结这一价值，说明其因此获得的地位或评价。E项“这就是为什么它被视为人类的伟大成就之一。”作为文章结尾，升华主题，符合逻辑。故选E。Passage4完形填空（2026·云南省多校联盟高三第二次联考模拟预测）In2022,IbeganlearningChinese.Ayearlater,IfoundmyselfinBeijing.Asyoumightexpect,studyingforjustoneyearwasn’tenoughtoclaim1,butlanguagecapabilityisnotnecessarytoimmerseyourselfinthelifehere.Theonethingthattruly2lonelinessismakingfriends.Connectingwith3throughasharedpassionorleisureactivitieswasincrediblyenjoyable.It4languagebarriersanddevelopedasenseof5.Duringbreaksfromstudy,Ifrequentlyhittheroadto6aroundChina.Ineverfeltunwelcomeasa7.Chinesepeoplearewarm,andeagertoengagein8.OnthetrainfromBeijingtoChongqing,ItalkedwithaChinesecoupleforthreehours.AfterIarrived,myfriendstookmeona9ofthecity.Wetastedthehotpottogetherwhilelisteningtothe10betweenChongqingandChengdu,bothfamousfortheirhotpotculture.IoncevolunteeredinGansutogainadeeperunderstandingofChina’sruralareas.Asteachingatalocalschool,Itoldthestudentswecould11connectionsbetweenourculturesthroughourdailylanguageuse.MyfavoriteChinesephraseishuxiangxuexi,whichmeans“learningfromeachother”.Whilethestudents12absorbedthestoriesofmylife,Ialso13agreatdealaboutChina.Everythinghasprovedthatacquiringfluentlanguageskillsisnotanabsolute14.I’vemetmanyforeignerswhohaveallfoundtheirownwayssuchasthroughfood,sports,andgamesto15withandappreciateChineseculture.1．A．creativity B．efficiency C．flexibility D．fluency2．A．sharpens B．relieves C．generates D．accompanies3．A．strangers B．peers C．locals D．teens4．A．gotthrough B．tooktheplaceof C．wentbeyond D．canceledout5．A．unity B．accomplishment C．direction D．pride6．A．lecture B．investigate C．live D．journey7．A．visitor B．student C．friend D．foreigner8．A．conversations B．exercise C．activities D．celebrations9．A．survey B．date C．tour D．ride10．A．differences B．features C．highlights D．advantages11．A．describe B．recall C．revise D．taste12．A．casually B．eagerly C．slightly D．randomly13．A．taught B．explored C．explained D．ignored14．A．requirement B．strength C．trend D．goal15．A．compete B．connect C．deal D．agree【答案】1．D2．B3．C4．C5．A6．D7．D8．A9．C10．A11．D12．B13．B14．A15．B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者学习中文一年后旅居中国，通过交友、旅行、支教等方式感受中国文化的经历。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如你可能预料的那样，只学习了一年不足以达到流利的水平，但语言能力并非沉浸在当地生活的必要条件。A.creativity创造力；B.efficiency效率；C.flexibility灵活性；D.fluency流利度。根据前文“In2022,IbeganlearningChinese.Ayearlater”可知，仅学习一年中文很难达到流利程度，且后文“acquiringfluentlanguageskills”也呼应了“fluency”这一核心词。故选D项。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：真正缓解孤独感的一件事是交朋友。A.sharpens加剧；B.relieves缓解；C.generates产生；D.accompanies陪伴。根据常识及后文“makingfriends”可知，交朋友能缓解在异国他乡的孤独感，符合语境逻辑。故选B项。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过共同的爱好或休闲活动与当地人建立联系，是非常愉快的事。A.strangers陌生人；B.peers同龄人；C.locals当地人；D.teens青少年。作者旅居北京，要融入当地生活，应是与当地人交朋友，且后文“Chinesepeoplearewarm”也印证了此处指“locals”。故选C项。4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它超越了语言障碍，培养了一种团结感。A.gotthrough完成；B.tooktheplaceof取代；C.wentbeyond超越；D.canceledout抵消。根据前文“languagecapabilityisnotnecessarytoimmerseyourselfinthelifehere”可知，作者认为语言能力并非必需，因为友谊能跨越语言障碍，“wentbeyond”符合语境。故选C项。5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它超越了语言障碍，培养了一种团结感。A.unity团结；B.accomplishment成就；C.direction方向；D.pride自豪。根据前文“It______languagebarriers”可知，与当地人通过共同爱好建立联系，会打破隔阂，形成彼此相融的团结感，符合“融入当地生活”的核心主旨。故选A项。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学习之余，我经常出门环游中国。A.lecture演讲；B.investigate调查；C.live居住；D.journey旅行。根据后文“OnthetrainfromBeijingtoChongqing”可知，作者利用假期在中国旅行，“journeyaroundChina”表示“环游中国”。故选D项。7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名外国人，我从未感到不受欢迎。A.visitor游客；B.student学生；C.friend朋友；D.foreigner外国人。作者是来华学习中文的外国人，后文“I’vemetmanyforeigners”也呼应了这一身份，“foreigner”符合语境。故选D项。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国人很热情，而且渴望交流。A.conversations交流、交谈；B.exercise锻炼；C.activities活动；D.celebrations庆祝。根据后文“talkedwithaChinesecoupleforthreehours”可知，中国人乐于与人交谈交流，“engageinconversations”符合语境。故选A项。9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达后，我的朋友们带我游览了这座城市。A.survey调查；B.date约会；C.tour游览；D.ride骑行。根据后文“ofthecity”及“tastedthehotpottogether”可知，朋友带作者游览城市、品尝美食，“takesb.onatour”表示“带某人游览”。故选C项。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一起品尝火锅，同时听他们谈论重庆和成都的差异，这两个城市都以火锅文化闻名。A.differences差异；B.features特点；C.highlights亮点；D.advantages优势。根据后文“betweenChongqingandChengdu”可知，重庆和成都的火锅虽同属川味，但存在差异，人们在品尝时谈论两地火锅的不同，符合实际场景。故选A项。11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当地一所学校教书时，我告诉学生们，我们可以通过日常语言使用来感受不同文化之间的联系。A.describe描述；B.recall回忆；C.revise修改；D.taste感受、体验。此处“taste”为引申义，指通过语言交流体验不同文化的关联，与后文“learningfromeachother”的文化交融理念一致。故选D项。12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当学生们热切地倾听我的生活故事时，我也探索了很多关于中国的事情。A.casually随意地；B.eagerly热切地；C.slightly轻微地；D.randomly随机地。学生们对外国老师的生活故事充满好奇，会热切地倾听，“eagerly”符合学生的心理状态。故选B项。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当学生们热切地倾听我的生活故事时，我也探索了很多关于中国的事情。A.taught教；B.explored探索；C.explained解释；D.ignored忽视。根据前文“IoncevolunteeredinGansutogainadeeperunderstandingofChina’sruralareas.”可知，作者通过支教深入中国农村，在与学生交流的过程中，也进一步探索和了解中国，“explored”符合“深入了解”的语境。故选B项。14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一切都证明，掌握流利的语言技能并非绝对的要求。A.requirement要求；B.strength优势；C.trend趋势；D.goal目标。根据前文作者仅学一年中文就成功融入中国生活的经历，以及后文“I’vemetmanyforeignerswhohaveallfoundtheirownwayssuchasthroughfood,sports,andgamesto______withandappreciateChinesec