人教版（2019）高一英语必修第一册期末复习试卷（含答案解析）

第第页人教版（2019）高一英语必修第一册期末复习试卷第一部分阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AManypeopledreamoftravelingtheworld,butfewactuallymakeitareality.ForLisaMiller,a28-year-oldteacherfromNewYork,travelingisnotjustadreambutawayoflife.Overthepastfiveyears,shehasvisitedmorethan30countriesacrossAsia,Europe,andAfrica.Lisa'slovefortravelstartedwhenshewasincollege.ShespentasemesterstudyingabroadinJapan,whereshefellinlovewiththeculture,food,andpeople.Aftergraduation,shesavedmoneyforayearandthenquitherjobtotravelaroundtheworld."IwantedtoseedifferentplacesandexperiencedifferentculturesbeforeIsettleddown,"shesaid.Duringhertravels,Lisahashadmanyunforgettableexperiences.SheclimbedtheGreatWallofChina,swamintheMediterraneanSea,andvisitedancienttemplesinIndia.Shehasalsometmanyinterestingpeoplefromallovertheworldandmadelifelongfriends.Lisanowworksasatravelblogger,sharingherstoriesandphotoswithpeopleonline.ShealsoteachesEnglishpart-timetosavemoneyforhernexttrip."Travelinghaschangedmylife.Ithasmadememoreopen-mindedandconfident,"shesaid."Ihopetoinspiremorepeopletofollowtheirdreamsandseetheworld."1.WhendidLisa'slovefortravelbegin?A.Whenshewasachild B.WhenshewasincollegeC.Aftershegraduatedfromcollege D.Aftershequitherjob2.HowmanycountrieshasLisavisitedinthepastfiveyears?A.Morethan20 B.Morethan30 C.Morethan40D.Morethan503.WhatdidLisadoduringherstudyabroadinJapan?A.ShelearnedtocookJapanesefood B.ShemademanyJapanesefriendsC.ShefellinlovewithJapaneseculture D.ShetraveledaroundJapan4.WhatisLisa'sjobnow?A.Afull-timeteacher B.Afull-timetravelbloggerC.Apart-timeteacherandtravelblogger D.Apart-timetravelbloggerBPlantsareveryimportanttoourlife.Theyprovideuswithfood,oxygen,andmanyotherthings.Withoutplants,lifeonEarthwouldnotexist.Therearemorethan300,000kindsofplantsintheworld,andtheycomeinallshapesandsizes.Someplantsareverysmall,likemossesandalgae.Theygrowinwetplacesandareanimportantpartoftheecosystem.Otherplantsareverylarge,likethegiantsequoiatree.Itcangrowupto100meterstallandliveformorethan2,000years.Plantsneedsunlight,water,andairtogrow.Theyusesunlighttomakefoodthroughaprocesscalledphotosynthesis.Duringphotosynthesis,plantstakeincarbondioxidefromtheairandreleaseoxygen.Thisisveryimportantforanimalsandhumans,becauseweneedoxygentobreathe.Plantsalsoplayanimportantroleinthewatercycle.Theyabsorbwaterfromthesoilthroughtheirrootsandreleaseitintotheairthroughtheirleaves.Thishelpstokeeptheairmoistandproducerain.Inadditiontoprovidinguswithfoodandoxygen,plantsarealsousedformanyotherthings.Weusewoodfromtreestobuildhousesandmakefurniture.Weusecottonfromplantstomakeclothes.Manymedicinesarealsomadefromplants.5.Howmanykindsofplantsarethereintheworld?A.Morethan200,000 B.Morethan300,000C.Morethan400,000 D.Morethan500,0006.Whatdoplantsneedtogrow?A.Sunlight,waterandsoil B.Sunlight,waterandairC.Sunlight,airandsoil D.Water,airandsoil7.Whatisphotosynthesis?A.AprocessthatplantsusetomakefoodB.AprocessthatplantsusetoabsorbwaterC.AprocessthatplantsusetoreleaseoxygenD.Aprocessthatplantsusetotakeincarbondioxide8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheuseofplants?A.Providingfood B.Producingoxygen C.Makingcars D.BuildinghousesCOnlineshoppinghasbecomemoreandmorepopularinrecentyears.Moreandmorepeoplearechoosingtoshoponlineinsteadofgoingtophysicalstores.Therearemanyreasonsforthis.First,onlineshoppingisveryconvenient.Youcanshopatanytimeofthedayornight,withoutleavingyourhome.Youcanalsocomparepricesfromdifferentstoreseasilyandfindthebestdeal.Second,onlinestoresusuallyhavealargerselectionofproductsthanphysicalstores.Youcanfindalmostanythingyouwantonline,fromclothesandelectronicstofoodandbooks.Third,onlineshoppingisoftencheaper.Onlinestoresdon'thavetopayforrent,electricity,orstaff,sotheycanofferlowerprices.Manyonlinestoresalsoofferdiscountsandfreeshipping,whichmakesshoppingonlineevenmoreaffordable.However,onlineshoppingalsohassomedisadvantages.Oneofthebiggestdisadvantagesisthatyoucan'tseeortouchtheproductbeforeyoubuyit.Thismeansthatyoumaygetaproductthatisnotwhatyouexpected.Anotherdisadvantageisthatshoppingonlinecanberisky,becausetherearemanyfakeonlinestores.Youmayloseyourmoneyifyoushoponafakewebsite.Inaddition,onlineshoppingcanalsocauseenvironmentalproblems.Mostonlinepurchasesaredeliveredbyexpressdelivery,whichproducesalotofpackagingwasteandcarbonemissions.9.Whyisonlineshoppingconvenient?A.YoucanshopatanytimeandcomparepriceseasilyB.YoucanfindmoreproductsonlineC.OnlineproductsarecheaperD.Onlinestoresofferfreeshipping10.Whatisthedisadvantageofonlineshoppingmentionedinthepassage?A.Itisnotconvenient B.TheproductselectionissmallC.Youcan'tchecktheproductbeforebuying D.Thepricesarehigh11.Whyareonlineproductsoftencheaper?A.OnlinestoreshavemorecustomersB.Onlinestoresdon'thavemanycostsC.OnlinestoresgetproductsatlowerpricesD.Onlinestoresoffermorediscounts12.Whatenvironmentalproblemdoesonlineshoppingcause?A.Airpollution B.Waterpollution C.Packagingwaste D.NoisepollutionDTimemanagementistheprocessofplanningandcontrollinghowmuchtimeyouspendondifferentactivities.Itisaveryimportantskillthatcanhelpyouworkmoreefficientlyandachieveyourgoals.Manypeoplestrugglewithtimemanagement.Theyoftenfeelbusy,buttheydon'tgetmuchdone.Thisisbecausetheydon'thaveaclearplanfortheirtime.Theywastetimeonunimportantthings,likecheckingsocialmediaorwatchingTV.Tomanageyourtimewell,youneedtosetcleargoals.Youshouldknowwhatyouwanttoachieveinaday,aweek,oramonth.Onceyouhavesetyourgoals,youcanmakeato-dolist.Ato-dolistisalistoftasksthatyouneedtodo.Youshouldprioritizeyourtasks,meaningyoushoulddothemostimportanttasksfirst.Anotherimportanttipfortimemanagementistoavoidprocrastination.Procrastinationmeansputtingofftasksthatyouneedtodo.Itisabadhabitthatcanwastealotoftime.Toavoidprocrastination,youcanbreaklargetasksintosmallerones.Thismakesthetasksseemeasierandmoremanageable.Youshouldalsolearntosayno.Manypeopletakeontoomanytasksbecausetheydon'twanttodisappointothers.Thiscanleadtostressandpoortimemanagement.Youshouldonlytakeontasksthatyouhavetimeforandthatareimportanttoyou.Finally,youshouldtakebreaks.Workingforalongtimewithoutabreakcanmakeyoutiredandlessefficient.Youshouldtakeashortbreakeveryhourorsotorelaxandrecharge.13.Whatistimemanagement?A.PlanningandcontrollingtimespentonactivitiesB.WorkingmoreefficientlytoachievegoalsC.SettingcleargoalsfordailylifeD.Makingato-dolistofimportanttasks14.Whydomanypeoplefeelbusybutachievelittle?A.Theyhavetoomanytasks B.Theydon'tplantheirtimeclearlyC.Theyarenothard-working D.Theydon'tknowtheirgoals15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"procrastination"mean?A.Doingtasksontime B.BreakingtasksintosmalleronesC.Puttingofftasks D.Prioritizingtasks第二部分七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoImproveYourEnglishSpeakingSkillsEnglishspeakingisanimportantskillthatcanhelpyouinmanyaspectsoflife.Whetheryouwanttostudyabroad,getagoodjob,ormakeinternationalfriends,goodEnglishspeakingskillsareessential.16.______HerearesometipstohelpyouimproveyourEnglishspeakingskills.PracticeasmuchaspossiblePracticeisthekeytoimprovinganyskill,includingEnglishspeaking.17.______Youcanpracticespeakingwithyourclassmates,friends,orfamilymembers.YoucanalsojoinanEnglishspeakingcluborfindalanguagepartneronline.Themoreyoupractice,themoreconfidentyouwillbecome.ListentoEnglisheverydayListeningtoEnglishcanhelpyouimproveyourpronunciationandintonation.18.______YoucanlistentoEnglishsongs,podcasts,movies,orTVshows.Payattentiontohownativespeakersspeakandtrytoimitatethem.ThiswillhelpyouspeakEnglishmorenaturally.LearnnewwordsandphrasesHavingalargevocabularyisimportantforspeakingEnglishfluently.19.______Youcanlearnnewwordsandphrasesfrombooks,newspapers,ortheinternet.Youshouldalsolearnhowtousetheminsentences.ThiswillhelpyouexpressyourselfbetterinEnglish.Don'tbeafraidtomakemistakesManypeopleareafraidtospeakEnglishbecausetheyareafraidofmakingmistakes.20.______Mistakesareanaturalpartofthelearningprocess.YoucanlearnfromyourmistakesandimproveyourEnglishspeakingskills.JustspeakEnglishasmuchaspossible,anddon'tworryaboutmakingmistakes.A.YoushouldspeakEnglisheveryday.B.However,manypeoplefinditdifficulttoimprovetheirEnglishspeakingskills.C.Youshouldnotbeafraidtoaskforhelp.D.Butmakingmistakesisnotabadthing.E.YoushouldtrytolistentoEnglishforatleast30minuteseveryday.F.Youshouldkeepavocabularynotebookandwritedownnewwordseveryday.G.Youshouldpracticespeakinginfrontofamirror.第三部分完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneday,ayoungmannamedTomwaswalkinginthepark.Hesawanoldmansittingonabench,lookingvery21.______.Tomwentuptohimandasked,"Excuseme,sir.Areyouokay?"Theoldman22.______andsaid,"I'mfine,thankyou.Ijustmissmywife.Shepassedawaylastyear."Tomfelt23.______fortheoldman.Hesatdownnexttohimandstartedtalkingtohim.TheoldmantoldTomabouthiswife.Hesaidshewasaverykindand24.______woman.Theyhadbeenmarriedfor50yearsandhadahappylifetogether.Astheytalked,Tomlearnedthattheoldman'snamewasMr.Brown.Hewas75yearsoldandlivedalone.Hischildrenlivedinanothercityanddidn'tvisithimveryoften.TomrealizedthatMr.Brownwasvery25.______.Afterthatday,TomstartedvisitingMr.Browneveryweekend.Hewouldtakehimforawalk,readtohim,orjustsitandtalkwithhim.Mr.Brown'smoodstartedto26.______.Hebecamehappierandmoreactive.Oneday,Mr.BrowntoldTom,"Youarelikeagrandsontome.Idon'tknowhowtothankyoufor27.______mecompany."Tomsmiledandsaid,"It'smypleasure,Mr.Brown.Ienjoyspendingtimewithyou."Monthspassed,andTomandMr.Brownbecameverygoodfriends.TomlearnedalotfromMr.Brown,includingtheimportanceof28.______andkindness.Mr.Brown,inturn,feltlesslonelyandmore29.______.Oneafternoon,Mr.BrowngaveTomasmallbox.Insidetheboxwasagoldwatch."Thiswatchwasmywife's,"hesaid."Shewantedmetogiveittosomeonewhois30.______andkind.Ithinkyouarethatperson."Tomwasvery31.______.Hesaid,"Mr.Brown,Ican'tacceptthis.It'stoovaluable."Mr.Brownshookhisheadandsaid,"Iwantyoutohaveit.It'sa32.______ofourfriendship."Tomfinallyacceptedthewatchandpromisedto33.______itforever.Yearslater,Tomstillhasthewatch.Hewearsiteverydayto34.______himofMr.Brown.Wheneverhelooksatthewatch,herememberstheoldmanwhotaughthimthetruemeaningoffriendshipandhowasmallactofkindnesscan35.______someone'slife.21.A.happy B.sad C.angry D.tired22.A.lookedup B.stoodup C.satdown D.laydown23.A.sorry B.happyC.excited D.surprised24.A.beautiful B.clever C.loving D.strict25.A.lonely B.busy C.bored D.sick26.A.changeB.improveC.dropD.stay27.A.keeping B.taking C.givingD.making28.A.friendship B.family C.health D.money29.A.worried B.relaxed C.confident D.hopeful30.A.brave B.honest C.helpful D.hard-working31.A.surprised B.disappointed C.scared D.nervous32.A.symbol B.gift C.memory D.sign33.A.keep B.wear C.protect D.treasure34.A.remind B.tell C.warn D.inform35.A.change B.save C.improve D.enrich第四部分语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。YuanLongping,knownasthe"FatherofHybridRice",wasoneofthe36.__________(great)scientistsinChina.HewasbornonSeptember7,1930,inBeijing.He37.____________(graduate)fromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953andthenbegantoworkasateacherinanagriculturalschool.Inthe1960s,Chinafacedaseriousfoodshortage.YuanLongpingdecided38.____________(devote)hislifetodevelopinghybridricetosolvethefoodproblem.Hespentmanyyears39.____________(do)researchinthefield.Heworkedveryhard,eveninthehottestsummerandthecoldestwinter.In1973,YuanLongpingandhisteam40.____________(success)developedthefirsthybridricevariety.Thisvarietyproduced20%morericethantraditionalrice.Sincethen,hybridricehasbeengrowninmanycountriesaroundtheworld,41.____________(help)millionsofpeoplegetenoughfood.YuanLongpingwasnotonlyagreatscientistbutalsoakindperson.Hecaredabout42.____________(farm)andoftenwenttothecountrysidetoteachthemhowtogrowhybridrice.Healsodonatedalotofmoneytosupportagriculturalresearch.OnMay22,2021,YuanLongpingpassedawayattheageof91.His43.____________(die)madethewholecountrysad.However,hisspiritwillliveonforever.Hetaughtusthatweshouldworkhardforourdreamsandmake44.____________(contribution)toourcountry.Today,hybridriceisstillbeingdeveloped.Scientistsaretryingtomakeit45.____________(yield)moreandgrowinmoreplaces.YuanLongping'sdreamof"fillingeverybowlwithrice"iscomingtrue.第五部分书面表达46.假设你是李华，你在美国夏令营认识的朋友Mike给你来信说他最近沉迷于电脑难以控制。请你给他回一封信，告诉他网瘾可能会导致成绩下降、健康状况恶化、损害家庭关系等问题，并提出一些建议。注意:词数不少于100字，开头结尾已给出不进入总词数；参考词汇：沉溺于be/becomeaddictedto网瘾：InternetaddictionDearMike,Iamgladtohearfromyou.Yours,LiHua参考答案和试题解析快速核对答案1-4：BBCC5-8:BBAC9-12:ACBC13-15:ABC16-20:BAEFD21-25:BAACA26-30:BAADC31-35:AADAA36.greatest37.graduated38.todevote39.Doing40.successfully41.helping42.farmers43.death44.contributions45.yield第一部分阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A篇是关于旅行的记叙文1.B细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Lisa'slovefortravelstartedwhenshewasincollege.”可知，她的旅行爱好始于大学时期。2.B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Overthepastfiveyears,shehasvisitedmorethan30countriesacrossAsia,Europe,andAfrica.”可知，五年内她到访了30多个国家。3.C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“ShespentasemesterstudyingabroadinJapan,whereshefellinlovewiththeculture,food,andpeople.”可知，在日本留学期间她爱上了日本的文化。4.C细节理解题。根据第四段首句“Lisanowworksasatravelblogger...”和第二句“ShealsoteachesEnglishpart-time...”可知，她现在是兼职英语老师和旅行博主。B篇是关于植物科普类的说明文5.B细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Therearemorethan300,000kindsofplantsintheworld...”可知，世界上有30多万种植物。6.B细节理解题。根据第三段首句“Plantsneedsunlight,water,andairtogrow.”可知，植物生长需要阳光、水和空气。7.A细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Theyusesunlighttomakefoodthroughaprocesscalledphotosynthesis.”可知，光合作用是植物制造食物的过程。8.C细节理解题。根据最后一段，植物的用途包括提供食物、造房子、做衣服、制药等，未提及“制造汽车”，故选C。C篇是关于网购的说明文9.A细节理解题。根据第二段首句“First,onlineshoppingisveryconvenient.Youcanshopatanytime...comparepricesfromdifferentstoreseasily...”可知，网购便利的原因是可随时购物、轻松比价。10.C细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Oneofthebiggestdisadvantagesisthatyoucan'tseeortouchtheproductbeforeyoubuyit.”可知，网购的缺点之一是购买前无法检查商品。11.B细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Onlinestoresdon'thavetopayforrent,electricity,orstaff,sotheycanofferlowerprices.”可知，网购商品更便宜是因为网店运营成本低。12.C细节理解题。根据最后一段“whichproducesalotofpackagingwasteandcarbonemissions”可知，网购造成的环境问题是包装垃圾。D篇是关于时间管理的说明文13.A细节理解题。根据第一段首句“Timemanagementistheprocessofplanningandcontrollinghowmuchtimeyouspendondifferentactivities.”可知，时间管理是规划和控制不同活动的用时。14.B细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“Theyoftenfeelbusy,buttheydon'tgetmuchdone.Thisisbecausetheydon'thaveaclearplanfortheirtime.”可知，人们忙而无获的原因是没有清晰的时间规划。15.C词义猜测题。根据后一句“Procrastinationmeansputtingofftasksthatyouneedtodo.”可知，该词意为“拖延（推迟做任务）”。第二部分七选五本题以“提升英语口语技巧”为话题，贴合人教版必修英语“语言学习”主题，考查学生语篇衔接能力。选项设置涵盖过渡句、主题句、细节支撑句，需结合上下文逻辑（转折、因果、举例）和段落主旨选择，侧重考查必修阶段学生对语篇整体结构的理解。16.B过渡句。前文说英语口语的重要性，后文讲提升技巧的方法，此处用“然而很多人觉得提升英语口语很难”形成转折，衔接前后文。17.A细节支撑句。本段主旨是“尽可能多练习”，后文讲练习的对象和方式，此处用“你应该每天说英语”点明练习的具体做法，贴合主旨。18.E细节支撑句。本段主旨是“每天听英语”，后文讲听的渠道，此处用“你应该每天至少听30分钟英语”点明听的时长要求，支撑主旨。19.F细节支撑句。本段主旨是“学习新单词和短语”，后文讲学习渠道，此处用“你应该准备词汇本，每天记录新单词”点明词汇积累的具体方法，贴合主旨。20.D过渡句。前文说人们害怕犯错误，后文说错误是学习的一部分，此处用“但犯错误并不是坏事”形成转折，衔接前后文。第三部分完形填空本题为记叙文，以“汤姆帮助孤独老人布朗先生，二人结下深厚友谊”为主题，贴合人教版必修英语“人际交往、善良与友谊”的情感主题。考查词汇均为必修课标内的核心实词（形容词、动词、名词）和少量固定搭配，侧重考查学生结合上下文语境推理和词义辨析能力，句子结构简单，无复杂从句，符合必修阶段完形填空考查难度。21.B形容词辨析。根据后文“Ijustmissmywife.Shepassedawaylastyear.”可知，老人因思念去世的妻子，看起来很“难过的（sad）”。22.A动词短语辨析。老人坐在长椅上，汤姆上前搭话，老人应“抬起头（lookedup）”回应。standup站起来；sitdown坐下；laydown躺下。23.A形容词辨析。得知老人的遭遇，汤姆应为他感到“惋惜（sorry）”，feelsorryforsb.为固定搭配，意为“为某人感到难过/惋惜”。24.C形容词辨析。根据前文“kind”（善良的），此处选近义形容词“loving（充满爱的）”，形容老人的妻子善良、温柔。beautiful美丽的；clever聪明的；strict严格的。25.A形容词辨析。根据前文“livedalone”“childrendidn'tvisithimveryoften”可知，老人非常“孤独的（lonely）”。busy忙碌的；bored无聊的；sick生病的。26.B动词辨析。根据后文“Hebecamehappierandmoreactive.”可知，老人的心情开始“好转（improve）”。change改变（无褒贬）；drop下降；stay保持。27.A固定搭配。keepsb.company为固定短语，意为“陪伴某人”，此处指老人感谢汤姆的陪伴。28.A名词辨析。根据前文“TomandMr.Brownbecameverygoodfriends”可知，汤姆从老人身上学到了“友谊（friendship）”和善良的重要性。family家庭；health健康；money金钱。29.D形容词辨析。根据前文“feltlesslonely”可知，老人不再孤独，变得更“满怀希望的（hopeful）”。worried担心的；relaxed放松的；confident自信的。30.C形容词辨析。汤姆一直陪伴、帮助老人，因此是“乐于助人的（helpful）”，符合老人赠送手表的原因。brave勇敢的；honest诚实的；hard-working勤奋的。31.A形容词辨析。老人突然赠送贵重的金表，汤姆应感到非常“惊讶的（surprised）”。disappointed失望的；scared害怕的；nervous紧张的。32.A名词辨析。老人说手表是二人“友谊的象征（symbol）”。gift礼物；memory回忆；sign标志（多指指示牌）。33.D动词辨析。汤姆承诺会永远“珍视（treasure）”这块手表，体现对友谊的重视。keep保存；wear佩戴；protect保护。34.A固定搭配。reminds