七年级英语寒假作业08 阅读理解特训（巩固培优）（原卷版）

限时练习：40min完成时间：月日天气：寒假作业08阅读理解特训核心知识积累：同学们先掌握这些核心要点，做题时才能事半功倍！下面的表格里，老师把考点、技巧和易错点都讲透了，一定要仔细看哦！板块详细解析核心考点①细节理解题（占比约50%）：考查时间（如at8:00a.m.）、地点（如inthelibrary）、人物（如Tom/Lucy）、事件（如whatsb.did）等具体信息。大家要记住，这类题答案一定在原文里，关键是找到“对应点”。例子：题干问“WhatdoesMaryhaveforbreakfast?”，就找原文中“Mary”和“breakfast”同时出现的句子。②推理判断题（占比20%-25%）：不能选原文直接说的内容，要根据原文信息“推一步”。比如原文说“Tomtakesanumbrella”，只能推“itmayrain”，不能推“itisraining”（太绝对）。③词义猜测题（占比10%-15%）：不认识的词不用慌，看它前后的“线索”——比如but（反义）、like/suchas（举例）、破折号（解释）。常考简单词汇的语境义，比如“green”在“greenfood”里是“健康的”，不是“绿色的”。④主旨大意题（占比15%左右）：要找全文的“核心”，不是某一段的细节。答案大多藏在首段首句、尾段尾句，或者各段首句串联起来的意思。⑤观点态度题（偶尔考）：通过文中的评价词（如happy、good、terrible）、情态动词（如should、must）判断作者或人物的情感。多考积极（praising）、中性（neutral）的态度。解题技巧1.细节题：“关键词定位法”（必用！）第一步：圈题干里的“关键词”——人名、数字、特殊名词（如library、Mid-AutumnFestival）、疑问词对应的内容（what问事件、where问地点）；第二步：带着关键词回原文“扫读”，找到包含关键词的句子（定位句）；第三步：比对选项和定位句，找“同义转换”的选项（常见：like=love、gotoschool=arriveatschool）。2.推理题：“排除法”（保命技巧！）第一步：先排除两种选项——①原文直接说的（不是推断）；②绝对化的（must/only/never，上册几乎不选）；第二步：剩下的选项结合全文主旨判断，哪个更合理就选哪个。3.词义题：“语境分析法”重点看生词前后的信号词：-反义：but（如“Tomistall,buthisbrotherisshort.”不认识short，可通过but和tall推断是“矮的”）；-举例：suchas/forexample（如“Somefruits,suchasapplesandbananas,arehealthy.”不认识fruits，可通过举例推断是“水果”）；-解释：破折号/thatis（如“Heisavegetarian—hedoesn'teatmeat.”可通过解释推断vegetarian是“素食者”）。4.主旨题：“首尾句概括法”第一步：读首段首句和尾段尾句，抓住核心话题（如全文都在讲“mooncakes”，核心话题就是月饼）；第二步：排除“局部细节选项”（只讲某一段内容的，比如全文讲月饼，选项只讲一个与人相关的故事，就不选）；第三步：选能涵盖“核心话题+作者意图”的选项（如“TheHistoryofMoonCakes”）。易错提醒①细节题“偷换概念”：选项和原文关键词“长得像但意思不同”，比如常考的borrow（借进）和lend（借出）——原文说“IborrowabookfromTom”，选项写成“IlendabooktoTom”，一字之差，答案就错了！一定要逐词比对。②推理题“过度推断”：脱离原文瞎想！比如原文说“It'scloudytoday”，不能推断“Itwillrainheavily”，只能推断“Itmayrain”。记住：推断要“有依据”，不能“加戏”。③主旨题“以偏概全”：把某一段的细节当全文主旨。比如全文讲“我的校园生活”，包含教室、图书馆、操场的内容，选项只说“我的教室”，就错了。④词义题“望文生义”：只看单词表面意思，忽略上下文。比如“green”在“greenjob”里不是“绿色的工作”，结合上下文“environmentalprotection”（环保），应该是“环保的工作”。⑤通用错误：“不看题干要求”比如题干问“WhichisNOTtrue?”，粗心选成“Whichistrue?”。做题时一定要圈题干里的“NOT/except/不超过X词”。三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型基础篇（3篇）——细节理解为主，夯实基础（1）基础篇1：日常生活类Passage1LastSaturday,IjoinedavolunteergrouptohelptheelderlyatHappyHomeNursingHome.Wemetatthecommunitygateat8:00a.m.Beforeleaving,ourleaderMs.Litoldustobepoliteandpatientwiththeoldpeople.Whenwearrived,theelderlywerewaitingforusinthegarden.IwaspairedwithGrandmaWang,an82-year-oldwomanwholovesreading.ShetoldmesheusedtobeaChineseteacher.Ihelpedhercleanthewindowofherroomfirst.Then,Isatwithherandreadapoembookaloud.Shelistenedcarefullyandsometimesstoppedtoexplainthemeaningofthepoems.Hervoicewassoftbutfullofpassion.Atnoon,wehadlunchtogether.IfedGrandmaWangsomericebecauseherhandsshookalittle.ShesmiledandsaidIwasaskindashergranddaughter.Intheafternoon,weputonasmallshowfortheelderly.Somevolunteerssangoldsongs,andothersdanced.Iplayedtheguitarandsang"YouAreMySunshine".GrandmaWangclappedherhandsloudly.Beforeweleftat4:00p.m.,Igaveherahandmadecardwithmyphonenumberonit.Ipromisedtovisithernextmonth.Thisvolunteerworkmademerealizethattheelderlyneednotonlyfoodandcarebutalsocompany.IfeltveryhappybecauseIcouldbringwarmthtothem.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案：（）1.Whendidthevolunteergroupmeetatthecommunitygate?

A.At8:00a.m. B.At9:00a.m. C.At4:00p.m. D.Atnoon（）2.WhatdidthewriterdofirstforGrandmaWang?

A.Readpoemstoher B.Cleanedherwindow C.Fedherlunch D.Gaveheracard（）3.WhydidGrandmaWangsaythewriterwaskind?

A.Becausethewritersangforher B.Becausethewriterhelpedhercleantheroom

C.Becausethewriterfedherrice D.Becausethewritermadeacardforher（）4.Whatdidthewriterdointheafternoonshow?

A.Sangoldsongs B.Danced C.Playedtheguitarandsang D.Hostedtheshow（）5.Whatdidthewriterrealizefromthevolunteerwork?

A.Theelderlyneedcompany B.VolunteeringistiringC.GrandmaWangislonely D.Thenursinghomeisclean（2）基础篇2：校园生活类Passage2Myschoolhasabigandquietlibrary.It'smyfavoriteplaceintheschool.Therearemanyrulesinthelibrary,andweallneedtofollowthem.First,wemustbequietinthelibrary.Wecan'ttalkloudlyorrun.Ifweneedtoaskthelibrarianaquestion,weshouldspeaksoftly.Second,wecanborrowupto3booksatatime.Eachbookcanbekeptfor2weeks.Ifwecan'tfinishreadingthem,weneedtorenewthematthefrontdesk.Third,wecan'teatordrinkinthelibrary.Foodanddrinksmaymakethebooksdirty.Fourth,weshouldputthebooksbacktotherightplaceafterreading.Wecanaskthelibrarianforhelpifwedon'tknowwheretoputthem.Thelibraryisopenfrom8:00a.m.to5:00p.m.onweekdays.Onweekends,it'sonlyopeninthemorning,from9:00a.m.to12:00a.m.Ioftengotothelibrarytoreadstorybooksafterclass.It'sagreatplacetolearnandrelax.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案：（）6.What'sthewriter'sfavoriteplaceintheschool?

A.Theclassroom B.Thelibrary C.Theplayground D.Thedininghall（）7.Howmanybookscanstudentsborrowatatime?

A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4（）8.Howlongcanstudentskeepeachborrowedbook?

A.For1week B.For2weeks C.For3weeks D.For4weeks（）9.Whenisthelibraryopenonweekends?

A.From8:00a.m.to5:00p.m. B.From9:00a.m.to12:00a.m.

C.From8:00a.m.to12:00a.m. D.It'sclosedonweekends（）10.Whatcan'tstudentsdointhelibrary?

A.Readstorybooks B.AskthelibrarianquestionsC.Eatsnacks D.Borrowbooks（3）基础篇3：家庭故事类Passage3LastSundayevening,myfamilyhadabigdinnerathome.Myparents,mylittlesisterandIalltookpartinit.Mymothercookedmanydeliciousdishes.Shemademyfavoritefish,myfather'sfavoritebraisedpork,andmysister'sfavoritetomatoeggsoup.Beforedinner,myfatherhelpedsetthetable.Heputplates,bowlsandchopsticksonthetable.MysisterandIhelpedwashthevegetables.Wetalkedandlaughedwhileworking.At6:30p.m.,dinnerstarted.Weateandtalkedhappily.Myfathertoldusafunnystoryabouthischildhood.Mysistersangasongforus.Shesangverywell,andweallclappedourhands.Afterdinner,mysisterandIcleanedthetable.Myfatherwashedthedishes.MymothersatonthesofaandwatchedTV.Weallfelthappy.Itwasawonderfulfamilydinner.Ilovemyfamily.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案：（）11.Whendidthefamilyhavethebigdinner?

A.LastSaturdayevening B.LastSundayeveningC.ThisSundayevening D.Yesterdayevening（）12.What'sthewriter'sfavoritedish?

A.Fish B.Braisedpork C.Tomatoeggsoup D.Vegetables（）13.Whohelpedsetthetablebeforedinner?

A.Thewriter B.Thewriter'smother C.Thewriter'sfather D.Thewriter'ssister（）14.Whattimedidthedinnerstart?

A.At6:00p.m. B.At6:30p.m. C.At7:00p.m. D.At7:30p.m.（）15.Whatdidthewriterdoafterdinner?

A.Washedthedishes B.WatchedTV C.Cleanedthetable D.Sangasong提高篇（3篇）——综合题型突破，提升能力（1）提高篇1：科普说明类Passage4Bambooisakindofplantthatgrowsinmanypartsoftheworld,especiallyinAsia.Itisnotatreebutagrass,thoughitlookslikeatree.Bamboohasmanyamazingcharacteristicsthatmakeitveryusefultohumans.Oneofthemostsurprisingthingsaboutbambooisitsgrowthspeed.Somebamboospeciescangrowupto1meterinasingleday!Thisismuchfasterthanmosttrees.Thereasonforthisfastgrowthisthatbamboohasaspecialrootsystem.Therootsspreadwidelyandtakeinnutrientsquickly,supportingtherapidgrowthofthestem.Bambooisalsoverystrong.Ithasahighertensilestrengththansteel,whichmeansitcanholdheavyweightwithoutbreaking.Forthisreason,bambooisusedtobuildhouses,bridges,andevenfurniture.Insomecountries,bambooscaffoldingisusedinconstructionbecauseitislightandeasytocarry.Anotheradvantageofbambooisitsenvironmentalfriendliness.Itabsorbsalotofcarbondioxide(CO₂)andreleasesoxygen,helpingtofightclimatechange.Unliketrees,whenbambooiscutdown,itgrowsbackquicklyfromitsroots,soitdoesnotneedtobereplanted.Additionally,bambooproductsarebiodegradable,meaningtheycanbreakdownnaturallyintheenvironmentandnotcausepollution.Fromdailyitemslikechopsticksandtoothbrushestolargestructureslikebridges,bambooplaysanimportantroleinourlives.Itistrulya"greengold"forhumans.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案：（）16.Whatcanweinferaboutbamboofromthefirstparagraph?

A.Itisatypeoftree B.ItonlygrowsinAsiaC.Ithasuniqueuses D.Itisrareintheworld（）17.Whydoesbamboogrowveryfast?

A.Itgetsenoughsunlight B.IthasaspecialrootsystemC.Itabsorbsmuchwater D.Itisakindofgrass（）18.Theunderlinedword"biodegradable"inParagraph4probablymeans______.

A.可回收的 B.可降解的 C.可循环的 D.可利用的（）19.Whatisthemainreasonbambooisusedinconstruction?

A.Itischeap B.ItiseasytogetC.Itisstrongandlight D.Itgrowsquickly（）20.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsbamboo?

A.Doubtful B.Critical C.Praising D.Uninterested（2）提高篇2：文化故事类Passage5EveryyearduringtheMid-AutumnFestival,Chinesefamiliesgathertogethertoeatmooncakesandadmirethefullmoon.Butdoyouknowthestorybehindthemooncake?Alongtimeago,intheYuanDynasty,theMongoliansruledChina.Thepeoplewereunhappywiththeharshruleandwantedtofightforfreedom.However,itwasdifficulttocommunicatesecretlybecausetheMongoliansoldierswatchedeveryoneclosely.AwisemannamedLiuBowencameupwithacleveridea.Heaskedpeopletomakespecialcakeswithapieceofpaperinside.Thepaperhadamessage:"Gatheratnightonthe15thdayofthe8thlunarmonthtofight."Hethenaskedpeddlerstosellthesecakesalloverthecountry.TheMongoliansoldiersthoughttheywerejustordinarycakesanddidnotcheckthem.OnthenightoftheMid-AutumnFestival,thousandsofpeoplegatheredasplannedandstartedthefightagainsttheMongolians.Afterwinningthefight,peoplecontinuedtoeatmooncakestorememberthisimportantevent.Overtime,mooncakesbecameasymbolofunityandfamilyreunion.Today,mooncakescomeinmanyflavors,suchaslotusseedpaste,redbeanpaste,andsaltedeggyolk.Butnomatterwhatflavortheyare,themeaningoffamilytogethernessremainsthesame.Nexttimeyoueatamooncake,rememberthebravepeoplewhofoughtforfreedomandtheloveoffamilybehindthistraditionalfood.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案：（）21.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A.TointroducetheMid-AutumnFestival B.Toaskaquestionaboutmooncakes

C.Totellpeopletoeatmooncakes D.Todescribethefullmoon（）22.Whydidpeopleusemooncakestosendmessages?

A.Becauseeveryonelikedeatingthem B.BecauseMongoliansoldiersdidn'tcheckthem

C.Becausetheywereeasytocarry D.Becausetheywerecheaptomake（）23.Whatdoesthemooncakesymbolizetoday?

A.Freedomandbravery B.WisdomandclevernessC.Unityandfamilyreunion D.Happinessandsuccess（）24.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.LiuBowenwasaMongolianleader B.MooncakeshadmessagesinsideintheYuanDynastyC.Peoplefoughtonthe15thdayofthe9thlunarmonthD.Mooncakesonlyhaveoneflavornow（）25.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheMid-AutumnFestival B.AWiseMan—LiuBowenC.TheHistoryofMoonCakes D.HowtoMakeMoonCakes（3）提高篇3：环保主题类Passage6Plasticwastehasbecomeaseriousenvironmentalproblem.Itpollutesoceans,harmswildlife,andtakeshundredsofyearstobreakdown.Buteveryonecandosomethingtoreduceplasticwasteindailylife.Herearesomepracticaltips:1.Bringyourownreusableitems:Insteadofusingsingle-useplasticbags,carryaclothbagwhenshopping.Useametalorglasswaterbottleinsteadofplasticones.Forcoffeelovers,areusablecupisagoodchoice—manycafesevenofferdiscountsforcustomerswhobringtheirowncups.2.Avoidplasticpackaging:Trytobuyfruitsandvegetableswithoutplasticpackaging.Forexample,chooseloosecarrotsinsteadofthoseinplasticbags.Youcanalsousebeeswaxwrapstostorefoodathome,whicharebetterthanplasticwrap.3.Saynotoplasticstrawsandutensils:Wheneatingout,askfornoplasticstraw.Ifyouneedutensils,