2026年人教版五年级语文上册期末考试试卷及答案

2026年人教版五年级语文上册期末考试试卷及答案第一部分基础知识积累与运用（45分）一、读拼音，写词语，注意把字写美观。（10分）zhūhóngjǔsànxiányídǎnqièēnhuì()()()()()gāobǐnglǎngdúfēnfùxiāohuǐmánglù()()()()()二、选择题。（请将正确答案的序号填在括号里）（12分）1.下列词语中，加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）A.便（pián）宜削（xuē）弱冠（guàn）军间（jiàn）隔B.强（qiǎng）迫抡（lūn）起咆哮（xiào）矫（jiǎo）健C.纠（jiū）正拘（jū）束瓷（cí）器眷（juàn）恋D.龟（guī）裂妥（tuǒ）当妒（dù）忌撩（liáo）拨2.下列词语书写完全正确的一项是（）A.爱慕完壁归赵理直气壮完好无缺B.犹豫金碧辉煌负荆请罪难以置信C.沉郁居高邻下一如既往惊心动魄D.酬谢完好无样同心协力举世闻名3.下列句子中，加点词语使用不恰当的一项是（）A.面对这道难题，他绞尽脑汁也想不出答案。B.既然是大家共同商定的计划，我们就应该理直气壮地去执行。C.这座博物馆里收藏的奇珍异宝，真是美不胜收。D.听说要去春游，同学们兴奋得手舞足蹈，教室里一片震耳欲聋的读书声。4.下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）A.通过阅读《落花生》，使我明白了做人的道理。B.《白鹭》这篇课文的作者是郭沫若先生写的。C.我们要改进学习方法，增加学习效率。D.父亲保持着他那惯有的严峻态度，没有向儿子解释什么。5.下列句子中，标点符号使用不正确的一项是（）A.它的叫声，音调和谐婉转，听起来像歌唱一样。B.“是吗？”我惊讶地问，“你真的要放弃这次机会？”C.这里的花很多：有牡丹、芍药、玫瑰、菊花……D.我不知道他是谁？但我一定要把他找出来。6.下列关于文学常识的表述，有误的一项是（）A.《落花生》一课的作者是许地山，他的笔名是“落华生”。B.《将相和》根据司马迁的《史记·廉颇蔺相如列传》改编。C.《父爱之舟》是一篇散文，作者是吴冠中，文章以梦境的形式回忆往事。D.说明文《太阳》中，作者主要运用了比喻和拟人的修辞手法来介绍太阳。三、按要求完成句子练习。（10分）1.蔺相如对秦王说：“您现在离我只有五步远。您不答应，我就把您和璧一起撞碎在这柱子上！”（改为转述句）_______________________________________________________________2.白鹭是一首精巧的诗。（仿写句子）母爱是____________________；故乡是____________________。3.用关联词语将两句话合并为一句话。阅读课外书。能提高写作水平。_____________________________________________________________4.草地上盛开着五颜六色的野花。（缩句）_____________________________________________________________5.这里的景色太美了，怎能不让我们流连忘返呢？（改为陈述句）_____________________________________________________________四、根据课本内容填空。（13分）1.《白鹭》的作者郭沫若在文中通过描写白鹭的______、______和______三幅画面，展现了白鹭的美，表达了作者对白鹭的______之情。2.《示儿》的作者是宋代诗人______，诗中“王师北定中原日，______”表达了诗人至死不渝的爱国情怀。3.好好学习，天天向上。关于读书的名言警句很多，请你写出一句：____________________。4.《将相和》讲了“完璧归赵”、“______”和“______”三个小故事，写出了将相之间由不和到和好的经过。5.《太阳》一课介绍了太阳远、______、______、______的特点，以及太阳和人类的密切关系。6.每个人都有自己心爱之物，请你用一两句话描述一下你的心爱之物及其特点：___________________________________________________________。第二部分阅读理解与欣赏（25分）（一）课内阅读（10分）父亲说：“花生的好处很多，有一样最可贵：它的果实埋在地里，不像桃子、石榴、苹果那样，把鲜红嫩绿的果实高高地挂在枝头上，使人一见就生爱慕之心。你们看它矮矮地长在地上，等到成熟了，也不能立刻分辨出来它有没有果实，必须挖起来才知道。”我们都说是，母亲也点点头。父亲接下去说：“所以你们要像花生，它虽然不好看，可是很有用。”我说：“那么，人要做有用的人，不要做只讲体面，而对别人没有好处的人。”父亲说：“对。这是我对你们的希望。”1.这段文字选自课文《______》，作者是______。（2分）2.父亲把花生和______、______、______进行对比，突出了花生______的特点。（4分）3.“我”说的话，也就是文章的中心句是：____________________。（2分）4.对父亲的话理解正确的一项是（）（2分）A.父亲不喜欢桃子、石榴、苹果，只喜欢花生。B.父亲希望我们像花生一样，外表虽然不好看，但很有用。C.父亲告诉我们，做人要像花生一样，既要讲体面，又要对别人有好处。D.父亲认为花生是所有果实中最好的。（二）课外阅读（15分）那一年，我九岁。那是冬天的一个早晨，父亲送我去上学。雪下得很大，风刮得在呼啸。我们走在雪地里，深一脚浅一脚。我背着书包，父亲提着我的饭盒。天很冷，我的手冻得通红，父亲就把我的手揣进他的怀里。路上，父亲不停地叮嘱我：“上课要专心听讲，下课要和同学好好相处……”我“嗯嗯”地答应着，心里却想着别的。忽然，父亲脚下一滑，身子一歪，差点摔倒。他站稳后，把我的饭盒高高举起，饭盒里的饭菜一点也没洒出来。而我，却重重地摔在了雪地上。父亲连忙把我拉起来，一边拍打我身上的雪，一边关切地问：“摔疼了吗？”我摇摇头，看着父亲那冻得发紫的手，心里一阵难过。到了学校门口，父亲把饭盒递给我，说：“快进去吧，别冻着了。”我接过饭盒，感觉沉甸甸的。我转身走进校门，回头一看，父亲还站在风雪中，向我招手。他的身影在风雪中显得那么瘦小，那么单薄。那一刻，我的眼泪流了下来。如今，我已经长大了，每当想起那个风雪中的早晨，想起父亲那瘦小的身影，我就感到无比温暖。1.请给短文加一个合适的题目，写在文前的横线上。（2分）2.文中画线句子“父亲就把我的手揣进他的怀里”，这一细节描写表现了什么？（3分）_____________________________________________________________3.当父亲“差点摔倒”时，他首先做的是什么？这说明了什么？（4分）_____________________________________________________________4.为什么作者说“我接过饭盒，感觉沉甸甸的”？（3分）_____________________________________________________________5.短文最后说“每当想起那个风雪中的早晨，想起父亲那瘦小的身影，我就感到无比温暖”，请谈谈你对这句话的理解。（3分）_____________________________________________________________第三部分习作（30分）题目：我的心爱之物在你的生活中，一定有你特别喜爱的东西，可能是一个玩具，一本书，一件工艺品，或者是一个动植物……请以“我的心爱之物”为题，写一篇习作。要求：1.写出物品的样子、来历以及你为什么喜爱它。2.内容具体，语句通顺，感情真挚。3.字数不少于450字。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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