精读2-第二单元-单词-Say-Yes-Unit2-2

SayYesTobiasWolffWhatkindsofpersonyouwouldliketomarry?Haveyoueverthoughtofmarryingaforeignerorablackperson?Questions/ActivitiesWorkinpairsanddiscussthefollowingtwoquestions.Keeparecordofyouropinionstoseewhethertheywillchangeasthetextisanalyzedindetail.Isthemanagoodhusband?Citetextualevidencetosupportyourview.Isthemanaracist?Citetextualevidencetosupportyourview.Check-onPreviewthistrickthehouseworkthesilverwarethefloorherbrowsherindifferencethepagestherightanswerthestarsMatchtheverbswiththenouns.MarkthefollowingstatementsT,fortrueandFforfalse.Thestoryissetinthe1960sintheUSwhenracialissueswerehotoneverybody’smindandlips.Thestoryhappenedbetweentwomiddle-agedpeoplewhohadbeenmarriedforabout30years.Themanhadneverthoughtthathewasaracistandfeltgreatlywrongedbyhiswifewhoimpliedthis.Themanwasconsiderate,rationalandforgivingwhilehiswifewasselfish,emotionalandridiculous.Thehusbandhadknownallalongwhathiswifewantedfromhim,butsimplydidn’twanttogiveintoher.Afterthehusbandturnedoffthelight,someonebrokeintotheirhouseandmadesomestrangenoise.FTTFTFCheck-onPreviewObjectivesKnowsomethingabouttheauthorandhisworks.GathersomebackgroundinformationaboutracismandsexismintheUS.Learntoappreciatetheshortstory.Masterthelanguageitemslisted.Understandthestoryandappreciateitssubtletyasmuchaspossible.Thinkaboutthethemesofthestoryandformyourownopinions.HisLifeTobiasWolff(1945-)BorninAlabamaUSAin1945.Parentsdivorcedwhenhewasaboy;traveledwidelywithhismother;soonforcedtoendurelifeunderhisstrictandcruelstepfather.From1964to1968,lieutenantwiththeU.S.ArmySpecialForces(GreenBerets)inVietnam.B.A.(1972)andM.A.(1975)fromOxfordUniversitywithFirstClassHonorsinEnglish,asecondM.A.fromStanford.Areveredwriter&teacherofcreativewritingandliteratureinStanfordandelsewhere.TheAuthorHisWorksShortstories(OHenryAward):“IntheGardenoftheNorthAmericanMartyrs”(1981)“NextDoor”(1982)“Sister”(1985)

OurStoryBegins(shortstorycollectionin2003,TheStoryPrizein2004)Memoirs:ThisBoy’sLife:AMemoir(1989)InPharaoh'sArmy:MemoriesoftheLostWar(1994)Novels:TheBarrack'sThief(1984,PEN/FauknerAwardforFiction)

OldSchool(2003)ThisBoy’sLifeFilmPosterHisStyleAdirectwritingstyle,obeyingthe“show,don’ttell”maxim,leavingmuchtothereader’sintuitionNon-dramatic,focusingmoreonthepsychologicaldimensionsofacharacterindilemmasthanonplotdevelopmentOftenunderstated,forcingreaderstobecomeengagedinthecollectionofstrandsthatwillresultinthefullcomprehensionofastory.Exploringalienation,thenatureoflying,andtheessentialfoundationsofrelationshipsHopingtoinstructandinspirepeopletotriumphovertheirsituationsthroughcharacterchangeanddevelopmentCultureTipsDefinition:Racismisprejudiceordiscriminationbasedonthebeliefthatraceistheprimaryfactordetermininghumantraitsandabilities.Racismincludesthebeliefthatgeneticorinheriteddifferencesproducetheinherentsuperiorityorinferiorityofoneraceoveranother.Institutionalracism:e.g.theJimCrowlawsintheUSfrom1876to1965mandatingsegregationinallpublicfacilitiesinthesouthernstatesoftheformerConfederacywithasupposedly“separatebutequal”statusfortheblackAmericans;officiallyoverruledwiththeCivilRightsActof1964andtheVotingRightsActof1965.Overtandsubtleracism:TheCivilRightsMovementdidawaymuchovertracism,butracismpersistsinmanysubtleforms,inmanyaspectsandonmanylevels.Racism

KuKluxKlanKuKluxKlanalsoknownasKKK:asecretwhitesupremacistorganizationatvarioustimesinAmericanhistoryterrorizedblacksandwhitesympathizerswithviolentactsoflynching,shootingsandwhippings.Founded:1866Founder:ConfederateCivilWarveteransHeadquarters:Powderly,Kentucky;Butler,Indiana;Jasper,TexasBackground:TheKlanhasfragmentedintoscoresofcompetingfactions.Mostofthesearenominallyindependent.Estimatedsize:nomorethanafewthousand,organizedintoslightlymorethan100unitsCultureTipsRace&MarriageDespitethepublicoppositiontointerracialmarriage,in1948,theCaliforniaSupremeCourtbecamethefirststatehighcourttodeclareabanoninterracialmarriageunconstitutional.Thedecisionwascontroversial,courageousandcorrect.Atthattime,38statesstillforbadeinterracialmarriage,andsixdidsobystateconstitutionalprovision.

Then,in1967,theU.S.SupremeCourtstruckdowntheremaininginterracialmarriagelawsnation-wide.CultureTipsSexismAswithracism,overtsexismisnotverymuchondisplaynowinmuchoftheworld.Butsubtlesexismpersistsandcanbefoundeverywhereatalltime.Itisaclusterofsocialexpectationsandpracticesthatreinforcesex-basedinequality.Forexample:Atschool:moreboysinscienceclassesandmoregirlsinartsclasses(boysarelogicalwhilegirlsareimaginative)Atwork:amalebossandafemalesecretary,andrarelytheotherwayaround(wehave“careerwomen”and“familymen”butno“careermen”and“familywomen”)Athome:houseworkregardedasthewife’sresponsibilitywhethershehasafull-timejobornot(thehusbandreputedasaconsiderateonebecausehe“pitchedinonthehousework”)GenreAShortStorySettingCharactersConflictPlot:Narrativepointofview:Characterization::kitchen,cleaningupafterdinner,USA,1980s:husband&wife,white,middle-aged,middle-class:differentviewsoninterracialmarriagescasualtalk,argument,hurtfeelings,failedattemptatreconciliation3rdperson,thehusbandshowinginsteadoftellingGeneralComprehensionAnswerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationfromthetext.Isthequarrelbetweenthehusbandandwifeanordinaryquarrel?Whatdoesthetalktouchupon?No,itisn’t.Ittouchesupontheissueofracism.GeneralComprehensionAnswerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationfromthetext.Doesthemanopposemarriagebetweenablackandawhite?Whatarehisarguments?Heopposesthemarriagebetweenablackandawhite.Hisbasicargumentsarethatblacksandwhiteshavedifferentcultures.Theycannotknoweachother.Whatkindofwomanisthewife?Isshetoocritical?Whatdoesshethinkthemarriagebetweenblacksandwhites?Sheishonestandsquare.Shethinksthemarriagebetweenablackandawhiteisperfectlynatural,iftheyloveeachother.GeneralComprehensionAnswerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationfromthetext.Whydoesthewomancornerherhusbandbykeepingaskinghimwhetherhewouldmarryherifshewereblack?Sheseemstohavefoundthatherhusbandhassubtleracistnature.Doyouthinkthehusbandknowshiswifeverywell?Heseemstounderstandherwifewellandisconfidentofmanipulatinganyawkwardsituation.Butactually,tohimhiswifeisastranger.StructureTheargument:Thehusbanddisapprovedinterracialmarriagesonthegroundofculturaldifferenceswhilethewifeapprovedonthegroundoflove.Thewound:Thewifewashurt;thehusbandhelpedherquicklyandhopedshewouldrewardhimbylettinggoofthetopic.Thequestion:Thewifepersistentlyaskedwhetherherhusbandwouldmarryherifshewereblackandgotastraightnointheend.Theanger:Thehusbandfeltdeeplyhurtbyhiswife’sindifferencetohimbutthendecidedtoforgiveheroutoflove.Thestranger:Whenthehusbandtriedtomakeupwithhiswife,hefoundherastrangerdespitethreedecadesofmarriage.Para.1-18Para19-24Para25-44Para45-48Para49-57

ThemeThethemeofthisstoryiseverybody’sguess.Sowhatisyours?Attitudestowardsinterracialmarriages(racism)?Man-womanrelationships(feminism)?Theunreasonablenatureofwomen?Thearroganceofmen?Theimpossibilityofeffectivecommunication?/Alienationinmodernsociety?

WordStudyappreciateYoucan’treallyappreciateforeignliteratureintranslation.

(torecognizethegoodqualitiesofsb./sth.)Sheneverreallyappreciatedthedepthandbitternessofthefamily’sconflict.(befullyawareof;realizefully)PeterstoodbymewhenImostneededit.I’llalwaysappreciatethat.(begratefulfor)N.appreciationAdj.appreciativeCongratulateVt.Congratulatesb.(onsth.)

totellsb.thatyouarepleasedabouttheirsuccessorachievements向（某人）道贺Eg:Shecongratulatedmewarmlyonmyexamresults.Congratulateyourself(onsth.)(为成就或成功）感到高兴，自豪Eg:Youcancongratulateyourselfonhavingdoneanexcellentjob.N.congratulation

tooffer/sendcongratulationstosb.向……致以祝贺ConsiderWe’reconsideringbuyinganewcar.(tothinkcarefullyabout仔细考虑）Thisawardisconsideredtobeagreathonor.(tothinkofsb./sth.Inaparticularway以为，觉得)Youshouldconsiderotherpeoplebeforeyouact.(tothinkaboutsth.Esp.thefeelingsofotherpeople,andbeinfluencedbyitwhenmakingadecision,etc.体谅，顾及）Considerate,considerable,considering,consideration1.Itis________________ofyounottoplaythepianowhileIwashavingasleep.2.________________itslowrisk,thatmightbeasafeoption,expertssaid.3._________________useshouldbemadeofthesedata.4.Pleasetakethepriceinto____________________.considerateConsideringConsiderableconsiderationconsiderSyn:deem,regard,account,reckondrain1.Iwatchedthebathwaterdrainaway.(flowoffgradually)2.Workingwithchildrenalldayreallydrainsyou.(tomakesb.physicallyandemotionallyexhausted)3.Hugeimportsweredrainingthecountry’scurrencyreserves.(beusedupcompletely)rummageShewasrummagingaroundinherbagforherkeys.I

rummaged

throughthecontentsoftheboxuntilIfoundthebookIwanted.Whatdoestheword“rummage”meanhere?(tomovethingsaroundcarelesslywhilesearchingforsth.)snapDon’tsnapat

me!It’snotmyfaultthatyoulostyourwallet!(tosayangrily)别冲我嚷嚷！你丢了钱包又不是我的错！Shesnappedthesuitcaseshut

andleftangrily.(tomovesuddenly)她啪的一声关上手提箱，怒气冲冲地走掉了。

Weattachlabelstothingsbeforewefilethemaway.Thegirlisverymuchattachedtohergrandparents.Sheattachedgreatvaluetobeingfinanciallyindependent.v.1.tofasten,secure,orjoin,connect2.tobindbyemotionalties,asofaffectionorloyaltyattachHeisthirtytwo,heisgorgeous,he’sgothisownhouse,andwhat’smore,heisunattached.v.1.tofasten,secure,orjoin,connect2.tobindbyemotionalties,asofaffectionorloyaltyattachWordFormationattachedunattachedattachmentAntonymdetachWordreviewWeshouldn’t_______________ourcustomerstobemerecustomers;weconsiderthemtobeourfriends.I_______________throughthecontentsoftheboxuntilIfoundthebookIwanted.Hissuddendeparturehad____________________howunreliablehewas.Histalentsarenotfully__________________inthatcompany.considerrummagedappreciatedWordreviewMinersbuiltthetunnelto________wateroutofthemines.I’m

also

very

warm

and

passionate.

mature,

sincere,

good-hearted,_______________

foreign

gentlemen.Thepoliceman______________thehandcuffsaroundherwrist.

drainunattachedsnappedMatchingGestureSprayGreasyIndifferenceCoverHypocriticaldabRinsetighten1.Apieceofmaterial,aclothusedonabedtomakeitwarmer2.Sth.youdoorsaytoshowaparticularfeelingorintention3.Coveredwithoilorfat4.Lackofinterestorconcern5.Pretendingtohavemoralstandardoropinionsthattheydonotactuallyhave6.Totouchlightlyorgentlyseveraltimes;7.tospreadliquidinsmalldropsoveranarea8.Tobecomeormakesth.becometightortighter9.Towashsth.incleanwatersoastotakeawaysoapPhrasesPitchinTakeone’swordforitCometoone’saidForone’ssake=forthesakeofComeupwithOutofconcernDabatsth.Offerhelpandsupportactively

投入，做出贡献Tobelievewhatsb.saysistrue相信某人的话Tohelporsupport去帮助某人Becauseof/forthepurposeof因为/为了……..Tothinkof(aplan,reply,etc);toproduce想出….提出Becauseofconcern出于关心Totouchlightlyorgently,usu.Severaltimes轻拍，轻敷Makeituptosb.FeelcorneredResorttoComealongBreakupTodosth.goodforsb.becauseyoufeelresponsibleforsth.badthathappenedbetweenyou弥补Tofeelforcedintoasituationwhereit’shardtoescape感觉落入陷阱Tousesth.forhelp,becauseyoucan’tfindanyotherwayofacting诉诸于，采取Toappearorarrivebychance偶尔出现，产生Tocomeorbringtoanend,esp.byseparating结束，解散Translation1.Peopleoftenresorttobodylanguagewhenwordsfail.词不达意时人们常借助于肢体语言。2.Takemywordforit,timewillhealallwoundsandcureallpains.相信我，时间会治疗一切伤痛。3.Mybrotherpitchedinwithanoffertoloanussomemoney.我弟弟主动借钱给我。4.Ananonymousmillionairehascometothecompany’saidbylendingitthemoneyitneedstokeepitinbusiness.

一个匿名的百万富翁借钱给公司使它正常运行，这解了公司的燃眉之急。5.学生也是有感情的，不愿有被逼迫的感觉。Studentsarepeoplewhohavefeelingsanddon’twanttofeelcornered.6.有些婚姻因性格不合而破裂，有的因原则问题而破裂。

Somemarriagesbreakupbecauseofpersonalityclashesandsomebecauseofprincipleproblems.7.为了关心在寒冷的冬夜里无家可归的人们，政府设立了这些临时收容所。

Thegovernmentsetupthesetemporarysheltersoutofconcernforthehomelessonthecoldwinternights.WritingPitchin,Cometoone’said,Forone’ssake,Comeupwith,Outofconcern,Dabatsth.,Makeituptosb.,Feelcornered,Resortto,BreakupWriteaparagraphbyusingatleast5phrasesfrombelowandthenreportyourwritingtothewholeclass.ListentoaSongLoveisColor-BlindItdon'tmatterifyou'reblack

whiteoryellow,ifyou'rebrownorred

let'sgetdowntothat

loveiscolor-blind

Irememberwhen

Iwasachildandcouldn'tunderstand

peoplehavingfun

discriminatingallthedifferentones

mamajustusedtosay

whenyougrowupyou'llmaybefindaway

tomakethesepeoplesee

thateverythingIdocomesbacktomeYougottaliveyourlive

we'reallthesame,noone'stoblame

theygottalivetheirlives

justplaythegameandletlovereign

Itdon'tmatterifyou'reblack

whiteoryellow,ifyourbrownorred

let'sgetdowntothat

loveiscolor-blind

you'remybrother,you'remyfriend

allthatmattersintheveryendistounderstand

loveiscolor-blindIremeberasayoungboy

Iwatchedmyneighbourhoodgoupinflames

Isawthewholethingthrutearsofpain

andasituation'srackin'mybrain

IwishIcouldflyawayandnevercomebackagain

weneedsomelovey'all

weneedsomerealdealhelpfromabovey'all

Imeanthekidswatchin'

andIjustcan'tseeitstoppin',Idon'tunderstand

Imeanweallbleedthesameblood,man!Yougottaliveyourlife

betterthanourfathersdid

let'smakesomelove,baby,havesomekids

theygottalivetheirlives

andIdon'tcarewhatcolortheyare,oryouare,orweare

it'salllove,baby!Itdon'tmatterifyou'reblack

whiteoryellow,ifyourbrownorred

let'sgetdowntothat

loveiscolor-blind

you'remybrother,you'remyfriend

allthatmattersintheveryendistounderstand

loveiscolor-blindListentoaSongLoveisColor-BlindListentoaSongLoveisColor-BlindYouhavebeenmymother

youcouldhavebeenmybrother

whatifyouweremysister

ifyouweremyfather?

youcouldhavebeenmyfella

youcouldhavebeenmyteacher

whatifyouweremyfriend?

wouldbesonicetomeetyatakeitouttotheworld

telleveryboyandeverylittlegirl

beproudofyourself

causeyou'reasgoodasanybodyelse

putawayyourprejudice

openyourmind,don'tneedasticktothis

trytomakethisearth

abetterplacewithoutaracialcurseYeah,it'stimeforsomechangesItdon'tmatterifyou'reblack

whiteoryellow,ifyourbrownorred

let'sgetdowntothat

loveiscolor-blind

you'remybrother,you'remyfriend

allthatmattersintheveryendistounderstand

loveiscolor-blindDetailedAnalysisPartI:MainIdeaHowdidthewifefeelwhenherhusbandsaiditwasabadideaforwhitepeopletomarryblackpeople?Howdidthehusbandshowthathewasnotaracist?Whyshouldn’twhitepeoplemarryblackpeople,accordingtothehusband?Isthisreasonjustifiable?Howdidthewiferespondtoherhusband?PartI:SentenceParaphraseUnlikemostmenheknew,hereallypitchedinonthehousework.Afewmonthsearlierhe’doverheardafriendofhiswife’scongratulatingheronhavingsuchaconsideratehusband.(para.1)Paraphrase:Differentfromthemenheknow,healwaysgiveshiswifeahandwiththehousework.Questions:

Howdidthemanearnthereputationofaconsideratehusband?Whatdoyouthinkofthisreputation?DetailedAnalysissomehowWemuststophimfromseeinghersomehow.(inawaythatisnotknownorcertain,以某种方式）Somehowweknowinourheartsthatitisnotsupposedtobethisway.(forareasonthatyoudonotknoworunderstand不知为什么，不知怎的）Hesaidthatallthingsconsidered,hethoughtitwasabadidea.独立主格：构成：n/pron.+现在分词/过去分词/adj./adv./todo/prep.特点：1）逻辑主语与句子主语不同，独立存在2）主谓关系3）一般有逗号与主句分开

相当于状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或者伴随情况等：eg:Therainhavingstopped,hewentoutforawalk.“Marquis,”saidtheboy,turningtotheman,hiseyesopenedwide,andhisrighthandraised.Nobodyin,thethieftookalotofthingsaway.

Sometimeshiswifegotthislookwhereshepinchedherbrowstogetherandbitherlowerlip.Whenhesawherlikethisheknewheshouldkeephismouthshut,butheneverdid.Actuallyitmadehimtalkmore.(para.4)Question:

Whatdoesthisshowaboutthehusband?relativeadverbintroducingarelativeclausetomodify“look”Compare:Hewaswonderingaboutthestrangelookthathesawonthefaceofhiswife.(relativepronoun)Whenheisdispleasedhehasthislookwhere

hiseyesarenarrowedandbrowscloselyknitted.(relativeadverb)Isawamovielastnightwhichwasrealjunk.Isawamovielastnightwheretherewasalotofviolence.Ijustdon’tseewhat’swrongwithawhitepersonmarryingablackperson.Ijustcan’tunderstandwhyawhitepersoncan’tmarryablackperson.Moreexamples:What’swrongwithpeasantscomingtobigcitiestolookforjobs?What’swrongwithpeopledemandingtoknowhowtheirtaxesarebeingspent?“Butthat’sdifferent.Apersonfromtheircultureandapersonfromourculturecouldneverreallyknoweachother.”“Likeyouknowme?”hiswifeasked.“Yes.LikeIknowyou.”…“Howcanyouunderstandsomeonewhocomesfromacompletelydifferentbackground?”“Different,”saidhiswife.

“Notthesame,likeus.”

“Yes,different,”hesnapped,angrywithherforresortingtothistrickofrepeatinghiswordssothattheysoundedhypocritical.(para.10-18)Questions:Whydidthewifeconstantlybringthemselvesinforcomparison?Dotheyreallyknoweachother?PhrasesDothedishesPitchinon/withOverhearsb.doingsth.Congratulatesb.ondoingsth.Getintothesubjectof…AllthingsconsideredPinchone’sbrowstogetherBiteone’slowerlipsKeepone’smouthshutComealongBeokaywithsb.Takeone’swordforitBreakupAtaterrificrateAsamatteroffactResorttothistrickRepeatone’swordsThrow…backinto…FindoutthephrasesusedinthispartPartII:MainIdeaWhatdidthehusbanddowhenthewife’sfingergothurt?Whatdoesthisshow?Whatdidthehusbandexpectfromhiswife?Whatdoesthisshow?Isthecutsymbolicofsomething?PartII:SentenceParaphraseHehopedthatsheappreciatedhowquicklyhehadcometoheraid.He’dactedoutofconcernforher,hethoughtthatitwouldbeanicegestureonherpartnottostartupthatconversationagain,ashewastiredofit.(para.21)donebyhercometohelpherbecausehecaredaboutherQuestion:Whatdoesthisshowaboutthehusband?Paraphrasing:Hehopedthathiswifewasgratefulthathehadhelpedhersoquickly.Hediditbecausehereallycaredaboutherandhethoughtthatsheshouldshowherconcernforhiminreturnbynotcontinuingtheconversationbecausehedidnotwantto.PhrasesStaredownat,takeone’shandbythewrist,Rummagein/throughsp.forsth.Leanagainst,dabatsp.withsth.Cometoone’said,actoutofconcernOnone’spart,startup,betiredof,finishupPartIII:MainIdeaHowdidthewifepursuetheargumentafterthehusbanddressedherwound?Whydidshedoso?“TheonlyblackgirlIeverknewwasmypartnerinthedebatingclub.”(para.28)Isthisremarkcontrarytowhathesaidinthefirstpart?Whatdidthehusbandmeanwhenhesaid“ifyouwereblackyouwouldn'tbeyou?”Doyouagree?Whydidthehusbandfeelcornered?Didthehusbandknowwhatwasexpectedofhim?Whydidthehusbandrefusetosay“yes”?PartIII:SentenceParaphraseTherewasnopossiblewayofarguingwiththefactthatshewouldnotbeherselfifshewereblack.(para.32)introducinganappositiveclausewhichexplainswhatthefactisQuestion:Whatdidthehusbandmean?Compare:Doyouaccepttheviewthatpeoplefromdifferentculturesshouldnotmarry?Doyouaccepttheviewthatissopopularamongthestudents?AppositiveclauseRelativeclause“ThatI’mblack,butstillme,andwefallinlove.Willyoumarryme?”Hethoughtaboutit.“Well?”shesaid.Heeyeswereevenbrighter.“Willyoumarryme?”“I’mthinking,”hesaid.“Youwon’t,Icantell.”Howcanshetellinthiscase?Shesawclearlythatherhusbandhesitatedbeforeheansweredthequestion,andhehesitatedbecau