重庆市九年级中考英语语法复习课件主从复合句（状语从句定语从句）

第十六章

主从复合句（状语从句、定语从句）考点精析

v考点①时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词有:when、while、as、before、after、until、till、since、assoonas等。特别注意在时间状语从句中要用一般现在时代替将来时。1.when、while、as引导的时间状语从句:vv(1)when意为“当……的时候”,既可以表示某个具体的时间点,也能够表示一段持续的时间段,其后所接的动词既可以是短暂性动词,也可以是延续性动词。如:Hestoppedwalkingwhenthelightturnedred.当红灯亮起时,他停了下来。(2)while意为“当……时”,强调时间段,从句谓语需为延续性动词,常用进行时态。如:HewaswatchingTVwhilehismomwascooking.他在看电视,他母亲在做饭。vv(3)as可跟短暂性/延续性动词,意为“当……时”或“随着”。如:Astimewenton,

Istudiedmoreandmorenewwords.随着时间的推移,我学到的生词也越来越多。vv2.until/till引导的时间状语从句:until意为“直到……”,表示某个动作或状态一直持续到……为止。如:Wemustwaituntiltheycomeback.我们必须等到他们回来为止。3.since引导的时间状语从句:since意为“自从……以来”,从句常用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时。如:IhavelivedinChongqingsinceIcametoChina.自从我来到中国,就一直住在重庆。vv4.as

soon

as引导的时间状语从句:assoonas意为“一……就”。如:HewillcallyouassoonashecomestoChongqing.他一到重庆就会给你打电话的。5.before引导的时间状语从句:before意为“在……之前”,也可和情态动词can连用,表示

“还未来得及……就”。如:BeforeIcouldsayanything,

herushedoutoftheroom.我还没来得及说话,他就从屋子里冲了出去。vv考点②条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if(如果)、unless(除非,相当于if…not)、aslongas(只要)。从句常用一般现在时代替将来时。如:We’llvisittheparkifitdoesn’traintomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。注:unless与if…not的同义句互换。如:Hewon’tgotosleepunlessyoutellhimastory.=Hewon’tgotosleepifyoudon’ttellhimastory.要是你不给他讲故事他就不睡觉。vv考点③让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的从属连词有:though、although、evenif、eventhough、whether…or…、nomatterwhat/when/how或“疑问词+⁃ever”等。1.although与though引导让步状语从句,不能再与并列连词but连用,但可以与副词yet、still连用。如:•Althoughit’sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。•Althoughtheyarepoor,yettheyarewarm⁃hearted.他们虽然贫穷,但是很热心。vv2.evenif、eventhough引导让步状语从句,意为“即使”。如:We’llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.即使天气不好,我们也要去旅行。3.whether…or…

引导让步状语从句,意为“不管……(还是……)”;either…or…

引导两个并列成分或并列句,意为“要么……要么……”。两者不能互换。如:Whetherwe’resuccessfulornot,

wecanbesurethatwedidourbest.不管成功与否,我们都可以确定已尽了最大努力。vv4.nomatter引导让步状语从句。意为

“无论……;不管……”。(1)由

“nomatter+who/what/when/where/why/how”

构成的词组,分别对应

“无论谁

/什么/何时/何地/为什么/怎样”。如:Nomatterhowharditis,

we’llkeeptrying.不管有多难,我们都会继续努力。(注:

语序为nomatterhow+adj./adv.+主+谓)vv(2)“nomatter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句;而

“whoever/whatever/whichever”

等除了引导让步状语从句,还可引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句等)。如:①Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.(引导主语从句,不可用

nomatterwho)②Nomatterwhocomes,

hewillbewelcome.(引导让步状语从句,可换为

Whoever)vv考点④

原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的从属连词通常有because(因为)、as(由于)、since(既然)。1.because语气最强,表示原因。回答以why引导的疑问句必须用because;且because和so不能同时使用。如:—Whywereyoulateforschool?你为什么上学迟到?—BecauseImissedtheschoolbus.因为我没赶上校车。vv2.since语气较弱,表示大家都明了的原因;而as语气最弱,只是附带说明一下主句的结果是由从句引起的。如:①Sinceeveryoneishere,

let’sbegin.既然大家都到了,咱们开始吧。②Asshewasnotwell,

Iwenttherealone.她身体不好,所以我单独去了。vv考点⑤结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的从属连词或词组有:sothat、so…that…、such…that…。1.sothat除了引导目的状语从句,意为“为了……”之外,还可引导结果状语从句,意为“以至于……”。如:ShesatbehindmesothatIcouldn’tseetheexpressiononherface.她坐在我身后,所以我看不见她脸上的表情。vv2.“so+形容词/副词+that从句”意为“如此……以至于……”,常与“not…enoughtodo…”和“too…todo…”结构互换。如:Thegirlissoyoungthatshecan’tlookafterherself.=Thegirlisnotoldenoughtolookafterherself.=Thegirlistooyoungtolookafterherself.那个女孩太小了,还不能照顾自己。vv3.“such(+a/an)+形容词+名词+that从句”有时可与“so+形容词+that从句”互换。如:Heissuchayoungboythathecan’tdriveacar.=Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tdriveacar.这个男孩太小了,还不能自己开车。注:①当名词前有many、much、few、little等词修饰时,且表示数量时,只能用so…that…。如:Therewassomuchworktodothateveryonegotbored.有如此多的工作要做,以至于每个人都厌烦了。②名词为不可数或复数形式时,不用冠词。vv考点⑥

目的状语从句1.引导目的状语从句的从属连词有:sothat、inorderthat等,谓语动词常会有may、might、can、could、will、would等情态动词。如:Youmustgetupearlysothatyoucancatchthefirstbus.你必须早点起床,以便赶上第一班公交车。vv2.当从句与主句主语一致时,状语从句可用“inorder+动词不定式”替换,从而将复合句转换成简单句。如:Heworkeddayandnightsothathecouldgetmoremoney.=Heworkeddayandnightinordertogetmoremoney.他没日没夜地工作,只为赚更多的钱。vv考点⑦比较状语从句比较状语从句常用从属连词as…as…(和……一样……)、notas/so…as…(不如……)、than(……比……)引导,从句中常省略与主句相同的部分。如:①Heistallerthanme.他比我高。②HerunsasfastasPeter.他跑得和彼得一样快。vvvvv体验5年重庆中考

(

C

)1.(2025

重庆中考*完形填空)Theyoungmanlookedatmeinsurprise

hesawmy

belly(肚子).Heagreed.A.ifB.unlessC.untilD.though(

C

)2.(2024重庆B卷·语法选择)Icantalktopeople

Iamwalkingwiththem.A.after

B.before

C.whilevvvv(

D

)3.(2024重庆A卷)“

youpayforit,

it’snotascholarship(奖学金)

jacket,

isit?

TellyourheadmasterIwillnotpaythefifteendollars.”A.UnlessB.UntilC.BeforeD.If(

B

)4.(2024重庆B卷)

differentpeoplemayhaveadifferentsenseofhumor,

goodhumorhassomethingincommon.A.SoB.AlthoughC.ButD.Ifvvvv(

C

)5.(2023重庆B卷)Hewasrunningsofastthathedidn’tseePeterRabbit

PeterRabbitjumpedoutandasked,

“Whereareyougoinginsuchahurry?”A.althoughB.becauseC.untilD.if6.(2023重庆B卷)

我太累了以至于不能继续走下去。

(完成译句)Iwas

so

tired

that

Icouldn’twalkon.vvvvv(

A

)7.(2022重庆A卷)Theyhavebeenfriends

theyfirstmet.A.sinceB.whileC.beforeD.after

(

A

)8.(2022重庆B卷)

ZhangGuimeiisn’tingoodhealth,

sheworkshardtohelpherstudents.A.AlthoughB.IfC.BecauseD.Whenvvvv(

A

)9.(2021重庆A卷)Weshouldtaketherestofthefoodhome

wecan’tfinishwhatweorder.A.ifB.soC.unless

D.until(

D

)10.(2021重庆B卷)Wewereluckyyesterday.Thebusleft

wegotonit.A.beforeB.althoughC.untilD.assoonasvvvvvvv

语法专练(状语从句)Airbrushing(修图)

makespeoplelookbetterinphotos.Thesedaysit’sdifficulttofindaphotoofapersoninamagazinewhichhasn’tbeen“improved”

byairbrushing.“Youseethesewomenwithperfectfaces,

andyouknowtheyaren’treal,”

says15⁃year⁃oldShelly.“But

1

you’rereadinganarticleaboutafamouspersonyoulike,

youforgetthat,

andjustwanttolooklikethem.”

Corey,

also15,

says,

“Peoplethinkit’sjustgirlsthatcareaboutthismatterbutit’sboys,

too.We’resupposedtohavebigvvmuscles(肌肉),

likesportsmen,

butthat’simpossibletoget

2

itisn’tyournaturalbodyshape.”

Researchhasshownthatseeingpicturesof“perfect”

girlsinmagazinesmakesreadersfeellessconfidentaboutthewaytheylook.Mobilephoneappsaren’thelpingthesituation.Theyallowustochangephotosofourselves

3wefeelhappyenoughwiththewaywelooktopostthemonline.And

4

stricterrulesarenowinsomeplaces,

thereisstillalongwaytogoinchangingthemedia(媒体)

industry’sideaaboutwhatisthoughttobebeautiful.vvLuckily,

thereareplentyofpeoplewhowanttochangethings.TheGirlGuideshaveintroducedthe“Freebeingme”

badge(徽章),

whichmemberscangetbyspreadingmessagesabouthowwonderfulitistohaveanaturallook.Thesearesmallsteps,

but

5

peoplekeeptakingthem,

perhapsonedaywe’llfindthatthenaturallookisconsideredbeautifulagain.vv(

B

)1.A.though

B.when

C.unless(

C

)2.A.althoughB.unlessC.if(

B

)3.A.afterB.untilC.when(

A

)4.A.althoughB.becauseC.before(

C

)5.A.sinceB.whileC.ifvvvvvvv二、定语从句根据考试大纲,考生只需能辨认出由关系代词that、which、who引导的限定性定语从句,并能理解句意。1.定义。(1)定语从句在复合句中作定语,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子,译为“……的”。vv(2)被修饰的名词、代词或词组叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系代词(who、whom、whose、which、that)或关系副词(where、when、why)引出。what不能引导定语从句。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又可作定语从句的一个成分。(3)定语从句中的谓