8年级英语寒假作业03 形容词和副词的比较等级（巩固培优）（原卷版）

限时练习：40min完成时间：月日天气：寒假作业03形容词和副词的比较等级一、基本用法（一）概述英语中的形容词和副词有三个等级，即原级、比较级和最高级，以此表示人或事物的等级差别。形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较，表示“较……”或“更……一些”；形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较，表示“最……”，形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。（二）比较等级的构成形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。1.规则变化单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-estHigh–higher–highestfast–faster–fastest以字母e结尾的词，直接加-r或-stnice–nicer–nicestlate–later–latest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先把y变为i，再加-er或-estbusy–busier–busiestearly–earlier–earliest以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-es．hot–hotter–hottestthin–thinner–thinnest多音节和部分双音节词在词前加more或mostdifficult–moredifficult–mostdifficultquickly–morequickly–mostquickly2.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good(好的)/well(好地，健康的)betterbestbad(坏的)/ill(有病的)/badly(坏地；恶劣地)worseworstmany(许多)/much(许多)moremostlittle(少的)lessleastfar(远的/地)farther(指距离)较远further(指距离和抽象概念)较远farthest(指距离)最远furthest(指距离和抽象概念)最远old(老的)olderelder(指年长的)oldesteldest二、特殊用法（一）比较级的修饰语1.在比较级前常用much（……得多），even（甚至），still（更），alittle（一点），abit（有点），alot（很多）等来修饰，表示程度进一步加深。Iammucholderthanmybrother.我比我弟弟大得多。LinPingisalittlemoreoutgoingthanme.林萍比我更外向一点。2.very,quite,too等程度副词一般只修饰形容词原级，不能修饰比较级。Thistreeisverytall.这棵树很高。（二）形容词和副词原级比较的两种句型1.thesameas...意为“与……一致，与……相同的”。Hisdreamisthesameasmine.他的梦想和我的一样。2.“as+形容词/副词原级+as...”表示……和……一样”，否定结构为“notas/so+形容词/副词原级+as”，表示“第一个人/物在……比不上第二个”。Thisfilmisasinterestingasthatone.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。（三）形容词与副词的比较级的常用句型结构1.A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B.，表示“A比B……”。IthinkEnglishislessimportantthanmaths.我认为英语不如数学重要。2.Which/Who+谓语动词比较级，AorB?，or连接两个选项，表示对两者的比较或选择，意为“A和B，哪个/谁更……？”。Whichisheavier,pigoranelephant?一头猪和一头大象哪个重？Whohasmorebooks,LinTaoorHanMei?林涛和韩梅谁的书更多？3.get/become+比较级+and+比较级，意为“变得越来越……”，and连接两个相同的形容词比较级，当形容词是多音节或部分双音节词时，结构变为“get/becomemoreandmore+形容词原级”。It'sgettingcolderandcolderwhenwintercomes.当冬天来临时，天气变得越来越冷。Ourhometownisgettingmoreandmorebeautiful我们的家乡正变得越来越美丽。4.the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……，就越……”，表示两个过程按比例同时增减。Themore,thebetter.多多益善。Theharderyoustudy,thebettergradesyou'llget.你学习越努力，就越能取得好成绩。5.“主语+谓语动词+the+比较级+ofthetwo+...”意为“主语是两者中较……的那个。”，是特指的情况。Jackisthetallerofthetwo.杰克是两个人中较高的一个。6.主语+谓语动词+比较级+thananyother+单数名词.表示“一个人或物比同一范围内的任何其他一个都……”。ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.上海比中国其他任何一个城市都大。（四）形容词与副词的最高级的常用句型形容词与副词的最高级常用于三者或三者以上人或事（物）之间的比较，在表示最高程度，即表示其中一个在某方面“最……”时使用。在句中使用时，形容词最高级前通常用the，句中常含有表示比较范围的介词of或in；of后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词，in后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词，常用句型结构为：1.主语+be+the+形容词最高级（+名词/代词）+in/of短语.意为“……是……中最……的（……）”。Springisthebestseasonofyear.春天是一年中最好的季节。2.主语实义动词（+the）+副词最高级+in/of短语.意为“……是……中最……的”。Jackworks(the)hardestinourclass.在我们班杰克学习最努力。3.主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语.意为“……是……中最……的……之一”。NewYorkisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.纽约是世界上最大的城市之一。4.主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语.意为“……在……中是第几……的……”。TheYangtzeRiveristhefirstlongestriverinourcountry.长江是我们国家的第一长河。5.Which/Who+谓语动词（+the）+最高级，A，BorC?意为“A、B和C，哪个/谁最……？”。Whichisthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon?太阳地球和月球，哪一个最大？Whoruns(the)fastest,Kate,TomorMike?谁跑得最快，凯特、汤姆还是迈克？【【易错提醒】一、比较级的替代使用比较级时，前后两个比较项要保持一致。若前一个比较项是不可数名词，则后一个比较项可为替代词that。若前一个比较项是复数名词，则后一个比较项可为替代词those。TheweatherinNanjingiswarmerthanthatinBeijinginwinter.在冬天南京的天气比北京暖和。TherearemorestudentsinClass1thanthoseinClass2.一班的学生比二班的学生多。二、注意事项1.使用比较级的基本原则：不做比较用原级，两者比较用比较级，多者比较用最高级。2.比较的对象要保持前后一致。Yourcoatlooksmorebeautifulthanmine.你的大衣比我的好看。【【易错提醒】3.避免将主语包含在比较对象中ChinaisbiggerthananycountryinAfrica.（×）ChinaisbiggerthananyothercountryinAfrica.（√）4.“a/an+比较级”表示“又一/再一更……的”。Mydaughterhasadoll,butshewantsabiggerone.我女儿有一个玩具娃娃，但是她还想要一个更大的。5.最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时，其前不用加the。Myeldestdaughteris10yearsold.我最大的女儿10岁。6.形容词最高级前加不定冠词a，不表示比较，而表示“非常”的意思。Springisabestseason.春天是一个非常好的季节。三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型一、单项选择1．Mysisterisas________asIam.Webothlikehelpingothers.A．friend B．friendly C．morefriendly D．thefriendliest2．—IthinkTonyisas________ashiseldersister.—Right.Buthiseldersisterismuch________thanhim.A．smart;hard-working B．smarter;hard-workingC．smarter;morehard-working D．smart;morehard-working3．Baojiisn’tsolarge________Xi’an.Butit’sthesecond________cityinShaanxi.A．as;largest B．as;large C．like;large D．like;largest4．—ShallweclimbMountTai?—OK.JustastheChinesesayinggoes,tohearahundredtimesis________toseeonce.A．asgoodas B．notsogoodas C．aswellas D．notsowellas5．—Whichclubdoyoulikebetter,theartclubortheAIclub?—IthinktheAIclubis________thantheartclub?A．enjoyable B．mostenjoyable C．moreenjoyable D．themostenjoyable6．—Whois________,TinaorTara?

—IthinkTinais.A．anmoreoutgoing B．moreoutgoingC．mostoutgoing D．themostoutgoing7．—How’stheweatherinNovember?Leavesareturningyellow.—It’sgetting________aswinteriscoming.A．coldandcold B．thecolderandcolderC．morecoldandcold D．colderandcolder8．The________youare,the________mistakesyouwillmake.A．careful;few B．careful;fewer C．morecareful;few D．morecareful;fewer9．Chinahasa________population(人口)than________countryintheworld.A．large;any B．large;anyother C．larger;any D．larger;anyother10．Beijingisbiggerthan________inJiangsu.A．allthecities B．allthecity C．anyothercity D．theothercity11．Shanghaiismuchlargerthan________inFranceanditislargerthan________inChina.A．anycity;anyothercities B．anyothercity;theothercitiesC．anyothercity;anycity D．anycity;theothercities12．—IthinkDowntonAbbeyisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.—Iagreewithyou.Thereisn’t________one.A．abest B．abetter C．thebetter D．thebest13．Ofthetwogirls,Lucyis________one.A．quiet B．quieter C．morequiet D．thequieter14．Andrewruns________fasterthanme,sohealwayswinstherace.A．many B．much C．more D．most15．Whichdoyoulike________,theredpen,thegreenpenorthebluepen?A．good B．best C．better D．well16．TheGreatWallis________man-madestructuresintheworld.A．long B．longer C．thelongest D．thelonger17．WeallknowthattheNileRiver(尼罗河)isthe_________riverintheworld.A．higher B．highest C．longer D．longest18．—DoyouknowShanghaiisoneof________intheworld?—Yes,it’sbiggerthan________cityinChina.A．thebiggestcity;other B．thebiggestcities;otherC．thebiggestcities;any D．thebiggestcities;anyother19．Asthesecond________islandinChina,theareaofHainanIslandissmallerthan________ofTaiwan.A．larger;it B．large;that C．largest;/ D．largest;that20．—IstheYangtzeRiver________riverintheworld?—No,itisn’t.A．thesecondlong B．asecondlongest C．thesecondlonger D．thesecondlongest二、根据所给词的适当形式填空1．Mattwritesas(careful)ashisbrother.2．BobswimsbetterthanI,buthedoesn’tswimso(good)asmybrother.3．InsouthernChina,manyplaceshavewarmerweatherandtheflowerstherecomeout(early).4．Practisemore,andyouwillsolvemathproblems(easy).5．Theyoufinishthehomework,thebettergradesyouwillget.(careful)6．Whocomestoschool(early),TaraorTina?7．Ofalltheafter-schoolactivities,Tomlikespaintingthe(little)becausehethinksit’sboring.8．Whichanimaljumps(high),thelion,themonkey,orthetreefrog?9．Amongallthestudents,hestudies.(hard)10．It’srainingalittle(heavy)inmytownthaninyours.一、完形填空请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Lastsummer,Iwentonatriptothemountainswithmyparents.Itwasatripthatleftmewitha(n)1lifelesson.Whenwe2atthefootofthemountains,thesightofthetallhillsexcitedme.Westartedclimbingalonganarrowroad.Atfirst,everythingwaseasy,Iwasfullof3andquicklywalkedaheadofmyparents.However,afteraboutanhour,Iwasso4thatIwasoutofbreath.5Iwantedtogiveupandgobackdown.Justthen,alittlegirlwalkedpastme.Shewasprobablynoolderthanme.Althoughshewasclimbing6,sheshowednotiredness.Her7encouragedme.Ithoughttomyself,“Ifshecandoit,Icantoo,”So,Itookashort8,dranksomewater,andstartedclimbingagain.Duringtherestoftheclimb,I9thetopandtookonestepafteranother.Finally,I10it!Standingonthemountaintop,Ifeltgreathappiness.Thelandscapewasamazing—thevastsky,theendlessmountains,andthefresh11.Thistrip12methatevenifthingsarehard,ifwekeeptryingandnevergiveup,wecan13problemsandreachourgoals.I’llneverforgetthislesson—italways14metostaystrong.This15madememoreconfident(自信的)tofacefuturedifficulties.1．A．important B．difficult C．comfortable D．healthy2．A．built B．relaxed C．arrived D．looked3．A．mind B．luck C．energy D．progress4．A．ready B．tired C．happy D．worried5．A．If B．So C．While D．And6．A．luckily B．slowly C．easily D．quietly7．A．spirit B．notice C．happiness D．praise8．A．blow B．order C．break D．goal9．A．lookedfor B．focusedon C．laughedat D．stoodup10．A．made B．explored C．watched D．forgot11．A．water B．air C．cloud D．rain12．A．taught B．lent C．changed D．brought13．A．connect B．solve C．plan D．touch14．A．hopes B．agrees C．asks D．reminds15．A．direction B．promise C．vacation D．experience二、阅读理解AYoumayhaveexperiencedthefeeling.Yourmouthfeelslikeitisonfire.Youreyesstarttowater.Youjustateoneofnature’shottestfoods—thechilipepper(辣椒)！Chilipeppers,alsocalledchilies,arefoundindishesaroundtheworld.TheyareindisheslikeIndiancurries(咖喱),Thaitomyumsoup(冬阴功),andMexicanenchiladas(卷饼).Chiliesarefierybecausetheycontainsomethingcalledcapsaicin(辣椒素).Capsaicinisverygoodforyourhealth.Ithelpsyoubreathebetter,anditmayevenhelpkeepyoufit.Capsaicinmakesyoufeellesshungry.Italsomakesyourbodyburnmorefat.Eatingchiliescanbeuncomfortable,butsomepeoplelovetoeatthem.AnanditaDuttaTamuly,awomanfromIndia,becamefamousforeatingchilies.Sheate51hotpeppersinjusttwominutes!ThepepperswereNagaJolokia(ghostpeppers).TheygrowinIndiaandareoneofthehottestchiliesintheworld.“Ifoundeatingchilieswasagreatwaytostayhealthy,”saidTamuly.Shebeganeatingchilieswhenshewasachild.Sheeatschilieswhenshedoesn’tfeelwelltoo.“EverytimeIhaveacoldorflu,IjusteatsomechiliesandIfeelbetter.Tobehonest,Ihardlynoticethemnow.”16．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fiery”mean?A．Sweet. B．Salty. C．Fresh. D．Hot.17．WhatisthepurposeofParagraph3?A．Toadviseusnottoeattoomanychilies.B．Toshowchiliesarethehottestfood.C．Toexplainhowchiliesaregoodforus.D．Toexplainwhyeatingchiliesisuncomfortable.18．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutAnanditaDuttaTamuly?A．Shethoughteatingchilieswasgoodforhealth.B．Shestartedeatingchilieswhenshewasachild.C．ShebecamefamousforeatingChinesechilies.D．Sheeatschilieswhenshedoesn’tfeelwell.19．What’sthestructureofthistext?(①=Paragraph1…)A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②③④/⑤C．①/②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤20．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thekindsofhotchilipeppers.B．Thewaysofplantinghotchilipeppers.C．Thereasonswhypeopledon’tlikechilipeppers.D．Thetasteandhealthbenefits(好处)ofchilipeppers.BEveryonemayhaveproblems,andtheymaymakeyousad.Butdoyouknowhowtosolvethem?21★Talk,talk,talk.Whenyouhaveproblems,it’simportanttotalkaboutthem.22You’llfeelbetter.★Dosomethingtorelax.23Suchasgoingshoppingorwatchingyourfavoritemovies.★24Havingaproblem?It’seasyforyoutothinkofbadthingsandfeelsad.Trytothinkaboutgreatthingsinyourlife.Theycanhelpyoualot.★Writeitdown.Writedownyourthoughts(想法).Itcanhelpyoutothinkaboutwhatyoushoulddo.25★Showyourfeelings.Ifyouaresad,justcryout.Don’thide(隐藏)yourfeelings.It’snotgoodforyourhealth.A．Thinkaboutgreatthings.B．Stopbeingangrywithyourself.C．Herearesomewaystohelpyou.D．Whenyoulookback,you’llfindyou’rethebest.E．Ifyouhaveproblems,trytodosomethingtorelax.F．Findsomeoneyoutrustandtalkaboutyourproblemswithhim.三、短文填空阅读下面材料，按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空不超过两个单词。Doyoulikechickensoup?Doyouknow26tomakedeliciouschickensoup?I27(make)itlastSunday.Letmetellyou!Chickensoupisakindoftraditional28(China)food.Itisverydeliciousandit’sgoodfor29(we)health.AndIthinkit’seasytocookit.Ifyoufollowmy30(step),youcanenjoythedeliciouschickensoup.First,youneedapot.Cleanthe