备战2025年中考英语二轮热点题型归纳讲义(江苏专用)专题17短文首字母填空之重难点突破(学生版+解析)

备战2025年中考英语二轮热点题型归纳讲义(江苏专用)专题17短文首字母填空之重难点突破(学生版+解析)专题17短文首字母填空之重难点突破

目录

题型综述1

解题攻略2

从词性角度判定2

从语法考查角度分析4

从句子成分角度分析.................................................................................................................5

其他做题思路.............................................................................................................................6

首字母填空单句训练.................................................................................................................7

首字母填空高频词汇12

中考练场22

【题型解读】

首字母填空已经成为上海中考英语压轴大题，是难度最大的一种题型。该题要求是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。

【命题规律】

词汇：考查学生对单词的拼写、词义理解和词汇运用能力。含名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、介词等。

语法：考查学生对语法知识的掌握，如时态、语态、主谓一致、词性转换等。

语境理解：要求学生根据上下文的语境，理解句子的含义，推断出所缺单词的意思。

固定搭配：考查学生对固定短语、习惯用语的掌握和运用能力。

文章题材：通常选取与学生生活、学习、社会热点等相关的短文，具有一定的教育意义和趣味性。

难度设置：难度会适中，既考查学生的基础知识，又有一定的挑战性，以区分学生的英语水平。

能力要求：注重考查学生的阅读理解能力、逻辑推理能力和语言运用能力，要求学生能够准确理解文章的主旨大意，把握上下文的逻辑关系，从而推断出所缺单词。总之，中考英语首字母填空旨在考查学生的英语综合能力，学生需要在平时的学习中注重词汇积累、语法学习和阅读训练，提高自己的语言运用能力和解题技巧。

【解题技巧】

1.跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨。

快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。

2.复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。

把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析。

3.三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。

在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。

【考点诠释】

（一）从词性角度判定

1.所填词的词性的初步判定方法：

(1)若空格在be动词或感官动词后，空格处填形容词；

(2)若空格在冠词、形容词等之后，空格处填名词，并且考虑名词是否变复数；

(3)若空格前是介词，空格处一般填名词或动名词；

(4)若空格位于句首，且后有逗号，空格处一般填副词；

(5)对于动词、形容词等，要考虑固定搭配，从而确定其后面的介词或副词；

(6)同时，要结合上下文填写合适的连词、名词等；另外，比较等级的常用结构也不可忽视。

2.判断所填词的词性具体方法：

(1)填动词

①若句中缺少谓语，需填动词。

②情态动词could,haveto,can,may,should,must，would等后需填动词原形。

③在一些动词不定式结构中，文中给出to时，空格处需填动词原形。

如：It‘s＋adj.＋for/ofsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事是……

seemtodosth.看起来要做某事；besuretodosth.一定会做某事

④在一些动词短语或动词和介词的固定搭配中，需填动词。

如：askfor请求；giveup放弃

(2)填名词

①位于句首，在句中作主语。

②位于动词或介词后作宾语。如：producinglight

③位于形容词后。

④位于限定词this,these,those,many,some,any,alotof等后。如：theseideas

⑤位于数词后。如：tenminutes

⑥其他：位于系动词后作表语；冠词、形容词性物主代词；名词所有格及一些固定搭配中。

(3)填连词

若空格前后或空格后是两个完整的句子，则需要考虑使用连词，再结合前后句意。

①若表示条件关系，用if，unless；

②表示转折关系，用but；

③表示选择关系用or；

④表示因果关系，用because，so等；

⑤表示让步关系，用though，although；

⑥表示时间关系，用when，while，until等。

(4)填形容词

①位于系动词后作表语。如：seemverysmall

②位于名词前作定语。如：theirownproblem

③位于复合不定代词之后。

④位于宾语之后作宾补，常与make，leave，keep等动词连用。

(5)填副词

①修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。

②位于句首作状语，修饰整个句子。

③实义动词之前或助动词、情态动词之后常用频度副词。

④在问句中且设空处位于句首，可考虑使用疑问副词

（二）从语法考查角度分析

1.名词：单复数形式,所有格的用法

September10thisTeachers’Day.

Inautumnafterastrongwind,thegroundisoftencoveredwithfallenleaves.

2.动词：时态，语态的变化

Wecouldnotrunfasterthancheetahs,soweinventedcarsandnowwecanmovethefastest.

Whenyoulaugh,youwillopenyourmouthandyourteeth.

3.形容词、副词：比较等级的用法

LastSunday，weplayedhappilyinthepark,thoughwewereverytired.

Summeristhehottestseasonoftheyear.

4.代词：单复数人称代词反身代词指示代词关系代词不定代词等的用法

Helpyourselftosomefish，Jim.

MrsGreensaidtothetwins."Helpyourselvestosomefishplease.”

ThisbookbelongstoMary.Itishers.

5.连词：并列与从属连词的用法

Foryears,weplayedotherpeople’ssongs,butnowweplaymostlyourownsongs.

Shedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday,becauseshewasill.

（三）从句子成分角度分析

句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语等。

1.名词表示人和物，实词。句中主要作主语和宾语。

例1：Tony’sfamilywaspreparingdinnerwhenAmyarrived.Thefamilywascookingvegetableswithhotoil.Thek

wasfilledwithmanygoodsmells.

解析：the后接名词，充当主语。根据上文cooking等，这里填写kitchen。

2.动词表示人或事物的动作、行为、发展、变化。句中作谓语和非谓语动词形式。

例1：TonyisChineseAmerican.HisfamilymembersgathertogetherandserveatraditionalChinesemealonceaweek.LastweekTonyi

hisfriendAmyforit.

解析：此空所填词在句中作谓语动词，后跟宾语从句，所以判断此处所填应为及物动词，根据上文中meal可知填invited。

3.形容词主要修饰名词，表示事物的形状、性质、颜色、状态等。

例：Don'tdriveyourcarinLondon!Carparksareverye

.Youhavetopayaspecialcongestioncharge(拥堵费)todriveyourcarintothecitycentre.

解析：所填成分在剧中修饰主语carparks，，修饰名词用形容词，所以判断此空填写的词为形容词。根据下文aspecialcharge意思可知填expensive。

4.副词说明时间、地点、程度、方式等，修饰动词、形容词、整个句子；

例：Ticketsatreducedpricesarenotavailableforfirst-classtravelsorfortravelsa

,suchas

toFranceorGermany.

解析：所填之空作状语修饰动词，判断此处词性应为副词，根据上下文得出此处填abroad（adv.更好的；更多的；较大程度地），修饰travel。

5.连词用来连接词与词，词组与词组，句子与句子的虚词，主要表示逻辑关系。U

wearecareful,it’seasytofailtorecognizedanopportunitywhenitisinhand.

解析：此句中有两个分句，而没有连词链接，所以判断空中填入的应为连词，而根据上下文意，这里应填入表示条件的连词unless（“除非"）

（四）其他做题思路：

（1）依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词：

如:W

hishelp,theoldmanwassafe.Theboythankedhimverymuch.

从句意我们就知道是“在他的帮助下”，withhishelp.

（2）依据语法知识进行填词：

如:Itwasal

earlier.

从句中的earlier可以看出它是比较级,修饰形容词比较级有前面有a,那肯定就是little.

（3）依据常识的积累进行填词：

如:Butitwastoolate.Hisfriendwasveryangry.Mr.Whitesaidnothingbutonlyoneword“S

."Mr.White迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S

.”

我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry.

（4）依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：

如：OneSundayafternoon,Mr.Whitedrovehisnewcartohisfriend’shousehappily.Hewantedtop

hisfriendupatfiveandthenwenttoseeanewmovietogether.

根据句意，Mr.White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick.

（五）首字母填空单句训练

1．Mr.Chenishumorousandheoftentellsfunnyjokestomakeusl

.

2．ThefilmBorntoFlyiswellw

watching.Youcan’tmissit.

3．TheSaharaistheb

desertintheworld.

4．It’ssoc

inwinterinHarbinthatmostpeoplestayinwarmhouses.

5．LiDongoftend

mathproblemswithhisclassmates.

6．Wedon’thaveumbrellas.Wehavetowaitu

therainstops.

7．SuLinissittingbythepoolandd

orangejuice.

8．—What’sthematterwithWuWei

—Shehurth

badly.Shehasasoreback.

9．You’dbetternotgoouta

atnightinAmericabecauseit’snotsafe.

10．Mr.Yang’sh

includesinging,paintingandplayingchess.

11．Thereisnootherfoodthatisass

asnanginXinjiang.

12．Women’sDayandTree-plantingDayareinM

.

13．Tohaveagreenerlife,itisbettertowalkorridebicyclesi

ofdriving.

14．Mymotheralwaysgetsupe

tocookbreakfastforme.

15．IhaveamemorylikeanelephantandIneverf

anything.

16．Kate’sroomisingoodo

andeverythingisinitsproperplace.

17．Ir

Wilson’sinvitationtothepartybecauseIhadtostudyforatest.

18．Ourcityreceivedalotofv

duringMayDayholiday.

19．Breakfastiss

between7and9a.m.inthehotel.

20．Anotherbridgeisgoingtobebuilta

theriverthisyear.

21．Jack’sbikewentwrongandhewillr

itthisafternoon.

22．）Shenzhou-16wassentintospaceinMay.Wearep

ofChina’sprogress.

23．It’swrongtoc

otherstudents’homework.Youshoulddoitbyyourself.

24．Whichs

doyouprefer,springorsummer

25．WhosevolleyballisthisItmustb

toCarla.Shelovesvolleyballalot.

26．Theboyinblueismyc

,myuncle’sson.

27．）Ourbasketballteamwonthefirstplace.Howe______wefelt!

28．WhatdoyouthinkofthispieceofmusicIts

beautifulbutalittlesad.

29．Chinesefamilymembersusuallyliketogettogether,e

duringtheSpringFestival.

30．Thelibraryiso

ourschool.Togetthere,wejustneedtocrossthestreet.

附：

江苏省首字母填空中常考词汇梳理

名词：

A字母开头的：

abilityaccidentactivityactoractressadditionaddressadvantage

advertisement

aimallambitionamount

answer

area

attention

B字母开头的：

balancebasebeginningbeing

bestbitblock

book

bottombreakbreathbroadcastbusinessbusinessman

C字母开头的：

callcancelcapitalcase

causecenturychance

charitychemicalchemistry

choicecigarette

circlecitizenclasscollectioncollegecolour

company

competitionconcertconclusioncontrolcrossculturecustom

customer

D字母开头的：

dailydarkdetaildietdifference

difficultydisasterdistancedream

E字母开头的：

earth

earthquakeeducationeffectendenergyentranceenvironment

exampleexcuse

exercise

experienceexperiment

F字母开头的;

factfavour

femalefigurefingerfishermanforecastforeignerformFrancefreedomFrenchfriendfriendship

fuel

funfurniture

future

G字母开头的：

game

gasgeography

goalgradegraduate

greenhouse

guest

H字母开头的：

habithealth

heartheatheighthistoryhobby

holiday

hope

housework

humour

I字母开头的：

ideaincomeindustryinformationinventioninventorinvitation

island

J字母开头的：jam

journalist

journeyjoy

judge

K字母开头的：kind

kindergarten

knowledge

L字母开头的：

languagelaw

lawyer

length

lie

linklistlocationlock

luck

M字母开头的：

machinemagazine

mail

mannermarketmatch

mattermealmemorymenumessagemethod

mindminutemistakemoment

mostmuch

N字母开头的:neighbour

network

number

O字母开头的：offeropinion

order

organization

owner

P字母开头的：

painpaintpainting

part

partnerpassengerperformanceplaceplanetpollution

practice

president

problem

process

Q字母开头的:question

quarter

R字母开头的：

reasonrecord

relative

resource

responsibilityrest

restaurantresult

robbery

rule

run

S字母开头的：

safesafety

saucesayingsecret

secretarysection

sense

service

sexshameshapesightseeing

situation

sizeskillsquarestory

success

support

surface

surprise

surveysystem

T字母开头的：

task

temperature

thought

tickettraffic

trouble

try

type

U字母开头的：use

V字母开头的：varietyvisitor

W字母开头的;way

wisdom

wish

wonder

worry

writer

代词：

A字母开头的：all

another

any

anybody

anything

B字母开头的：both

E字母开头的：each

either

everybody/everyone

everything

M字母开头的：many

N字母开头的：neither

nobody

none

nothing

O字母开头的：one

other

S字母开头的：same

some

somebody/someone

something

T字母开头的：that

these

this

those

W字母开头的：what

who

形容词：

A字母开头的：

ableaccurate

active

allancient

angry

another

any

attractive

automatic

available

awful

B字母开头的：

bad

beautiful

best

better

boring

both

brave

C字母开头的：

careful

certain

changeable

cheap

chemical

close

cold

common

complete

confident

convenient

correct

crazy

crowded

D字母开头的：dangerous

different

difficultdull

E字母开头的：

each

easyeducational

eitherelse

enjoyableenough

every

everyday

excited

exciting

F字母开头的：

fairfavourite

firstfitfollowingforeign

forgetful

freezing

fresh

G字母开头的：general

glad

good

great

H字母开头的：

hardworking

healthy

helpfulhistorical

horrible

hungry

I字母开头的：

important

impossible

independent

interested

interesting

L字母开头的：last

late

likely

limited

local

low

lucky

M字母开头的：modern

more

most

much

N字母开头的：nearby

necessary

neither

nervous

next

O字母开头的：only

openopposite

ordinaryother

outdoor

own

P字母开头的：

paleperfectpersonalphysical

precious

pretty

private

public

R字母开头的：real

regularresponsible

retired

S字母开头的：

safe

sameseriousseveralsimplesome

sparespecialsquarestraightstrangestrong

successful

such

sure

T字母开头的：

teenage

terrible

thankful

that

these

thin

thirsty

this

those

top

traditional

true

U字母开头的：unhealthy

unusual

useful

usual

upset

V字母开头的：various

W字母开头的：weakwell

which

wooden

wounded

wrong

Y字母开头的：young

副词：

A字母开头的：

abroad

actually

after

again

ago

ahead

all

almost

alongalready

alsoalways

angrily

anywhere

as

B字母开头的：back

before

behind

best

both

C字母开头的：carefully

certainly

clearly

close

E字母开头的：

easily

eitherenough

especiallyevenevereverywhere

exactly

F字母开头的：far

finally

first

forever

G字母开头的：gently

H字母开头的：

happilyhardhardlyheavily

here

home

how

however

I字母开头的：immediately

in

inside

instead

J字母开头的：just

L字母开头的：last

late

later

luckily

M字母开头的：mainly

maybe

more

most

much

N字母开头的：nearlyneither

never

next

no

not

nowhere

O字母开头的：often

once

only

over

P字母开头的：perhaps

politely

possibly

probably

properly

Q字母开头的：quickly

quite

R字母开头的：rather

really

recently

right

S字母开头的：

safely

second

seldom

seriously

slowly

so

softly

sometimes

soon

still

suddenly

T字母开头的：then

today

together

tomorrow

too

U字母开头的：under

up

usually

W字母开头的：what

when

where

why

Y字母开头的：yet

动词：

A字母开头的：

accept

achieveaddafford

allow

answerapologize

appear

arrangeattack

attract

B字母开头的：beatbite

book

borrow

born

break

C字母开头的：

cancel

care

cause

celebrate

change

chooseclear

climb

collect

compare

complain

completeconfuse

connect

consist

control

copy

correctcreate

D字母开头的：

decidedecoratedescribe

digdisappear

discover

disturb

drop

E字母开头的：

e-mail/email

enable

encourage

end

enjoy

enter

equal

escape

examine

expect

explain

express

F字母开头的：failfit

fix

focus

followfrighten

G字母开头的：gain

get

H字母开头的：

hanghappenhateheathesitatehold

hope

hunt

hurry

hurt

I字母开头的：imagineimproveincludeincrease

interview

introduce

J字母开头的：joke

judge

K字母开头的：kick

know

L字母开头的：land

laugh

lay

lead

link

locate

lock

M字母开头的：

manage

match

matter

mean

mind

missmistake

move

N字母开头的：notice

O字母开头的：obey

observe

offer

order

organize

own

P字母开头的：

place

plan

play

pollute

post

practice

predict

prevent

process

produce

promise

protect

prove

put

R字母开头的：

realizereceiverecognize

recordreduce

refuse

relax

repeatreplyresearchrespect

reviewrobrule

run

rush

S字母开头的：

savesearchseemselectsellsend

serve

settleshare

shinesolvespendspread

studysucceedsuggestsupportsupposesurprise

survey

T字母开头的：

telephone/phone

tell

test

thank

think

throwtie

train

translate

transporttryturntype

U字母开头的：understand

use

W字母开头的：

waitwakewalk

want

warn

waste

widenwin

wonderwork

worry

介词：

A字母开头的：

about

above

across

after

against

along

among

around

as

at

B字母开头的：beforebybehindbelow

beside

besides

between

D字母开头的：down

during

E字母开头的：except

F字母开头的：for

from

I字母开头的：in

inside

into

L字母开头的：like

N字母开头的：near

O字母开头的：on

onto

opposite

outside

over

S字母开头的：since

T字母开头的：through

throughout

till

to

towards

U字母开头的：under

W字母开头的：with

within

without

连词：

A字母开头的：and

after

although

as

B字母开头的：because

before

but

H字母开头的：however

I字母开头的：if

N字母开头的：neither

nor

O字母开头的：or

S字母开头的：since

so

T字母开头的：than

till

U字母开头的：unless

W字母开头的：when

while

【模拟练】

Passage1

【来源】2025年江苏省盐城市大丰区中考一模英语试题

Learninganewlanguageischallenging,frustrating,andsometimesquitedifferent.Herearesomefreshtipsonthebestwaystolearnanewlanguage.

Makenewf

1

.Friendshipisoneofthebestwaystolearnaforeignlanguage,andtheeasiestwaytogetcomfortablewiththeslangandintonation(语调).Youcanc

2

withyourfriendsinlocalcafes,barsandrestaurantsands

3

buildafoundation(基础)forthelanguageyouwanttolearn.Thegreatpartisthatyouwillbea

4

topractisethelanguagefreely!

Watchamovie.Forthepeoplewhowanttolearnalanguageathome,it’sagoodwaytoputonaforeignmovieina

5

language!Ifyoudon’tknowenoughofthewords,keepalistofthenewwordsyouhearandwhatyouthinktheymean.Lookthemupinthed

6

eon!Lookingupwordsisfun!

UsetheInternet.TheInternetisatrulymagicalplace.I

7

you’relookingforthebestwaystolearnaforeignlanguage,looknofurther!F

8

usingappstowatchingvideos,readingarticlesandsoon,theInternetisreadytohelpyour

9

yourforeignlanguagelearninggoals.

Teachyourself.Spendalittlebitoftimeeverydaywritingoutas

10

youwouldliketoknow.Lookupeachwordandtrytoreciteit.Ifyouhavealanguagepartner,havehimorhercheckitwhenyoumeetup.Thisisagreatwaytokeepyourselfincheck.

Passage2

【来源】2025年江苏省盐城市射阳县中考一模英语试题

ThomasEdisonwasagreatAmericani

11

.Whenhewasachild,hewasalwaysaskingquestionsandtryingoutnewideas.Nomatterhowharditwas,heneverg

12

up.

YoungThomaswasinschoolforonlythreemonths.Histeacherdidn’tunderstandw

13

hehadsomanystrangequestions.Mostofthemwerenotabouthislessons.Theteacherdidn’twanttoteachThomasany

14

.HeaskedThomas’smothertotaketheboyhome.Thomas’smothert

15

himtoreadandwrite,andshefoundhimaverygoodpupil.Helearntveryfastandbecameveryi

16

inscience.

Oneday,hesawalittleboyp

17

ontherailwaytracks(铁轨)atastation.Atrainwascomingnearq

18

,andtheboywastooa

19

tomove.Edisonrushedoutandcarriedtheboytosafety.

Theboy’sfatherwassothankfulthathetaughtEdisontos

20

messagesbytelegraph.

Passage3

【来源】2025年江苏省南通市海安市13校中考一模英语试题

WangYapingisoneofChina’sfamousastronauts.Shewasborninasmallv

21

inYantai,ShandongProvincein1980.Shehadbeenalong-distancerunnersinceprimaryschool,andc

22

inlocalsportsmeetings.

In1997,WangYapingwasahighschoolstudent.Herclassmatesencouragedhertobeoneoftheseventhbatch(批)offemalep

23

inChinabecauseshewasgoodatsportsanddidn’twearglasses.L

24

,Wangpassedallthetestsaswellasphysicalexaminations!

WangYaping’sdreamofbecomingana

25

startedin2003,whenYangLiweifinishedhisspaceflight.“NowChinahasitsfirstmaninspace.Whenwillourcountryhaveitsfirstwoman"ThoughtWang.Atthattime,shewasworkingasaf

26

pilotinChina’sairforce(空军).InMay2010,WangbecameamemberofChina’sfirstbatchoffemaleastronauts.WangisalsoChina’ss

27

womaninspace,afterLiuYangmadehistorybyjoiningtheShenzhou-9spacecraftin2012.

OnO

28

16,2021,ChinasenttheShenzhou-13spaceshipintospacesuccessfully.WangYapingwasoneofthethreeastronautsintheflightcrew.OnNovember7,2021,WangYapinghasbecomeChina’sfirstfemaleastronauttowalkinouterspace.Shehaslefthermarkonhistorythankstoher“bravery”.

Forthismission,WangYapinghastrainedforover6000h

29

.Onetough(艰苦的)exerciseistheunderwatertraining.Itlastssevenhourseachtime.Shehadtoweara200-kilogramsuitanddotasksin10-meter-deepwaterw

30

eatingorgoingtothetoilet.Nomatterwhatdifficultiesshefaces,WangYapingnevergivesup!

Passage4

【来源】江苏省南京市联合体2024-2025学年下学期九年级期初英语试题

“Travellingisthebodyontheroad,andreadingisthemindontheroad.Bothofthemo

51

awaytomeetourgreatcuriosity,"YeZi,ayoungscholar,saidontheChinese‘TVshowReadBooksonanIslandSeason3.Ontheshow,someofChina’sfamousw

52

,suchasYuHuaandSuTong,discusstheirfavouriteliterature.

ThenewseasonissetinCrete,thelargestislandinGreece.Theviewerscane

53

theculturalexchangebetweenChinaandwesterncountries.Also,itcanhelpgoodliteraturefromChinaanda

54

reachmorepeople.

Theshowshowsustheimportantroleofliteratureinc

55

differentcultures.WhenthegroupofwriterssawabeautifulsunriseinCrete,theytalkedabouth

56

well-knownwritersfromChinaandtheWestwriteaboutsunrise.Thoughthesewriterscomefromdifferentcultures,theirworksshowthere’ssomethings

57

abouthumanexperience.YuHuaalsodiscussedthedifferentliterary(文学的)traditions.Hed

58

thatthesunoftenrepresentsloveintheWest,whilethemoonstandsforloveinChina.

“Greeceusedtobeaplaceonlyinmyimaginationandintheb

59

.VisitingGreecebroughtmyimaginationtolife,”SuTongsaid.Thisshowsacloserelationshipbetweentravelandliterature.Manyplacesthatarem

60

inliteraturenowbecomeplacesofinterestfortourists.

Theshowoffersachanceforwriters,readersandliteraryworksto“meet"eachother.Aswegofurtherintotheliteraryworld,wecanconnectwithourselvesandtheworldaroundus.

Passage5

【来源】2025年江苏省镇江市丹徒区中考一模英语试题

Catsmightnotanswerwhenwetalktothem,buttheycouldbelisteningmorecarefullythanwei

61

.Anewstudysuggeststhatcatscanlearntoconnectspokenwordswithpictures.

ResearchersfromAzabuUniversityinJapan,ledbySahoTakagi,didanexperiment(实验)with31cats.Theyplayedrecordingsofthecats’ownerswordsl

62

“parumo”or“keraru".Whilelistening,thecatssawpicturesonascreen,suchasaredsunoraw

63

horse.Thepicturesbecamebiggerandsmallertok

64

thecatsinterested.Aftershowingthesameword-picturepairsseveraltimes,thecatsbecameb

65

andwentaway.

Inthenextpartofthestudy,theresearchersshowedoneofthepicturestothecatsagain.Butforhalfofthecats,theychangedthewordthatmatchthepicture.Thecatsthatheardthe“wrong”wordlookedatthepictureforalongertime.Thisshowedthattheywereconfused(困惑的)b

66

theydidn’thearthewordtheyusedtohear.Somecats’eyesgotbiggerastheylookedatthescreen.Thatwasanothersignthattheywereconfusedbywhattheysawandheard.Takagisaid,“Itwasreallycutetoseehows

67

thecatstookpartintheexperiment."

Mostcatsconnectedthewordtothepictureafterjusttwoshorttrainingperiods,eachlasting9seconds.Thisisf

68

thanhowhumanbabieslearninsimilarexperiments.

Thisstudyispartofmoreresearchaboutcats’abilitytounderstandl

69

.Before,studiesfoundthatcatscanrecognize(识别)theirownnames,andalsothenamesofthepeopleandothercatsintheir“family.”Takagisaid,“Catslistentowhatwesayinourd

70

lifeandtrytounderstandusmorethanwethink."

【真题练】

一、短文首字母填空

（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。

Theworldischangingveryfast.Scientifictechnologiesarenowinfluencinga

1

everyfieldoflife.Ascientistoncesaidthatsuccessindevelopingscientifictechnologieswouldbeoneofthebiggesteventsinhumanhistory,buthethoughtsomeofthemmightalsobethelastunlesswelearntoavoidtherisks.Form

2

society,scientifictechnologiesareamazingbuthumansmayfacealotofchallenges.

WillhumansbecontrolledbyscientifictechnologiesinthefutureSomepeoplesay“Yes”.Theythinkhumanswillbeundercontrolcompletely.I

3

computersareimplanted(植入)insidebrains,thingswillbemuchworse.Withthed

4

oftechnologies,robotshavetakentheplaceofhumansinsomefieldsanditmaymakesomepeoplel

5

theirjobs.What’smore,datacentresneedalargeamountofenergytorun.Atthesametime,itproducessomuchh

6

allthetimethatagreatdealofwaterisusedforcooling.Allthesemaybetherisksthescientistreferredto.

However,otherpeopledon’ta

7

.Theyarehopefulabouttherelationshipbetweenscientifictechnologiesandhumans.Theysaythatscientifictechnologieshavedonemuchforusandmadeourdailylivesmucheasier.Theycanfreepeoplefromdoinghousework,writingarticlesore

8

makingfilms.Forexample,sometechnologiescanchangewordsintoshortvideoseasilyandmakeitp

9

forsomecommonpeopletobedirectors.

Everycoinhastwosides.