Unit 1 Reading and thinking 知识精讲讲义-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版2019选择性必修第一册

高二英语Unit1PeopleofachievementReadingandthinking(知识精讲）award<高考2008年~2022年出现55次＞纯词汇应用100%会考的词汇（1）duringtheawardceremony在颁奖仪式上（2）【2019年全国卷Ⅱ】A90-year-odhasbeenawarded“WomanofTheYear”forbeing(be)Britainoldestfull-timeemployee-stillworking40hoursaweek.（3）【2019年全国卷Ⅱ】Pickingupher"LifetimeAchievement”Award,proudIrenedeclared(declare)shehadhoplanstoplan(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.(5)【2020高考江苏卷完形填空】WilsonreceivedseveralinternationalCforhisgreatcontributions.A.scholarshipsB)rewardsC)awardsD)bonuses(6)【2021全国甲卷Ⅱ阅读】thelandscape(风景)PhotographerofTheYearAward英译汉：风景摄影师年度奖2.vitaladj(1)bevitalfor/to对...极为重要［2018年江苏卷阅读］Technologyisvitalfor/toagriculturedevelopment.(2)(应用文常用语块beofvital/greatimportance至关重要beofgreatsignificance意义重大has/havebecomeavitalpartof...已经成为...的重要一部分应用文语块高级表达运用①毋庸置疑阅读在语言学中至关重要。Thereisnodenyingthatreadingisofvitalimportanceinlanguagelearning.②环境对我们来说至关重要。Environmentisofvitalimportancetous.③戴口罩目前成为我们日常生活必不可少的一部分。Wearingmaskshasavitalpartofourdailylife.续写语句vital相关的主题升华句：④事实证明，这段痛苦的经历教会了我人生中最宝贵最重要的一课------诚实。Itturnedoutthatthispainfulexperiencetaughtmethemostvaluableandvitallessoninmylife----honesty.(主题升华句)(3)Itisvitalthat...(should)dosth.Itisvitalthatwe(should)carryoutourplansatonce.Itisvitalthatourhomeworkshouldbefinished(finish)assoonaspossible.(填词题考查角度)★注意虚拟语气被动的考查(4)Itisvitaltodosth.Itisvitaltoobeytrafficrulesinoutdailylife.AsfarasI'mconcerned,itisvitaltostopstudentsfromcheckingthephoneinclass.3.Sb/sthbeknown/said/thought/believed/expected/reportedtobedoing(todo/tohavedone)=It

is

said/reported/thought/believed

that...Heissaidtohavecompleted(complete)

the

novelthreedaysago.Thebooksisknowntohavebeentranslated(translate)intotenlanguagesallovertheworldlastyear.Heisbelievedtobelivingabroad.She

is

said

to

eat

two

eggsaday.语法填词题：[2020年浙江卷1月]...itisaging.Themedian(中位数的)ageofanAmericanin1950was(be)30-----todayitis41andisexpectedtoincrease(increase)to42by2050.commit

v.（1）commitoneselftosth./todosth承诺，保证（做sth遵守协议或安排等）Wecommitourselvestoprovidethefirstclassproductandserviceforyou我们承诺提供一流的产品，一流的服务。（2）commitoneselftodosth.专心致志于(devoteoneselftodoing)be

committed

to对...忠实致力于①Wecommitourselvestotheconstructionofacomplete,justandlastingpeace.我承诺要构建一个完整、公正、持久和平的环境。②Theoldmaniscommittedtotakecareofthepoorchildren.老人专心照顾那些贫困儿童。填词题考点练习：①Committing(commit)himselfthecauseofeducation,hehasnotimetoaccompanyhisfamily②Committed(commit)tothecauseofeducation,hehasnofamilytoaccompanyhisfamily.拓展：make/haveacommitment.作出承诺高中类似词的拓展都属于一个考点范畴：buryoneselfindoingsth./beburiedindevoteoneselftodoing/bedevotedtooccupyoneselfindoingsth/occupyoneselfwithsthimmerseoneselfindoingsth/beimmersedin沉浸在...续写语块词patient→patience→patiently→impatientlyask/answered/repliedimpatiently没有耐心地问/回答/回复背诵下面描写的句子：①Thedaughtercomplainedandimpatientlywaited,wonderingwhathewasdoing.英译汉：女儿抱怨不耐烦地等待，真想知道他在干什么。②Hehadbeenstampingimpatientlyaboutthegallery.英译汉：他一直烦躁地在走廊里踩着重重地步子。③Theteachertappedherfingersonthedeskimpatiently.英译汉：老师不耐烦地用手指敲敲桌子。注意续写中的运用foundnoeffect=thisdidn’twork不起作用invain徒劳，白费力气①Theteacherwarnedhimbutfoundnoeffect(=thisdidn’twork).②Alleffortswereinvain.③她已经尝试着一切手段来找到解决问题的方法，但白费力气。Shehastriedeverymeanstofindasolutiontotheproblembutinvain.7.黑体填词题语块及续写经常应用短语(1)gotstuck卡住，陷入gottrapped被困，陷入gotcharged冲电被打碎gotbrokengotkilled被杀迷路gotlostgotpaid得到报酬被抓gotcaught醉酒gotdrunkgotdivorced离婚翻译：(2)①我们困在了森林里。Westuckintheforest.②Thecargotstuckinmuddyroads.小车陷在了泥泞的路上。③Igotstuckinthisdifficultsituation.我们陷入困境。8.(1)续写语句整句背诵(表达遇到困难坚持不懈，不畏惧失败)①However,Tuyouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.②Afterfailing190times,theteamfinallysucceededin1971.改装背诵：他失败了许多次之后，他终于成功了。翻译：Afterfailingmanytimes,hefinallymadeit/succeeded.（续写中运用）(2)acknowledgev.承认，感谢,认可①Heacknowledgedbeingdefeatedinpublic,whichmadeussurprised.②Firstofall,hetoldme,Icouldn'twritewhatotherpeoplesaidwithoutacknowledgingthem.(3)应用文语块:ItisacknowledgedthatLiziqiiscommittedtoshowingtheworldthewondrousculturalheritageofChina,中国令人惊叹的文化遗产Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous.大家公认为树木对我们是不可或缺的。9.续写语块相联的高级副词apparent(ly),distinctly,evidently,obviously①爸爸很然能疲力尽了。②Apparently,Zabrawasuncertainwhetherherbrotherhadbroughtherwhatshewasexpecting.显然，Zabra不太确定是否她的哥哥已经给她带来她一直期望的东西。③Apparently,anger/anxietytookholdofher.显然她很生气/很焦虑。续写语块insistondoing/that+...shoulddosth.(坚持要求，虚拟语气)/that(坚持认为，陈述语气）①【2020高考卷Ⅲ改错题】Heinsistsonuseatinghealthyfood.②Iinsistedthathe(should)stay（stay)我坚持要他留下。③Heinsistedthathewas’tthereatthetime.续写语块On/Upondoing/名词...一...就...①Onreceivingabunchofflowers,shefeltoverjoyed./...,shejumpedwithjoy.②Onhisarrival,hecouldn’twaittoopenhisbackpackandtookouthisdraft.练习：③【2021年6月浙江卷续写】Uponapproachingthehouse,Inoticedmydadandmomstandingbesidetheoldtruck,lookingupset.④On/Uponknowingthis(一知道这）,Alicouldn’thelpsobbing.passionn.（高考23次）befullofpassion充满了