《大学英语三》试卷B卷-备考练习试题

大学英语（三）复习资料IVocabularyDirections:Choosethebestonetocompletethesentence.Despitethefrequentdisagreementbetweensomeofthebandmembers,thereneedstobea(n)________decisionfromallmembersofthebandbeforeanyonecanbedismissed.unanimousB.universalC.unusualD.unitedHealthexpertsarenow________thatevenalittleexercise,suchasdoinghouseworkorlightgardening,isfarbetterthannoneatall.prayingB.conferringC.preachingD.advocatingHeranxietyabouttheever-risingpriceofcommoditieswas________thestressshefeltabouttheforthcomingretirement.assimilatingB.amplifyingC.balancingD.alleviatingTheagreementisvery________;bybeingopentovariousinterpretation,itcouldcauseconsiderableconfusionifitisnotclarifiedbeforebeingputintoeffect.generalB.simpleC.anonymousD.ambiguousIaskedthewaitresstorefillmycoffeecupandshehappily________repeatedlyuntilIhadconsumedenoughcoffeetostayupallnightandstudyformyexam.confirmedB.compliedC.consentedD.conformedYearsafterthedeadlycaraccidenthadoccurred,hewasstill________byimagesofdeathanddestructionaroundhim.huntedB.clutchedC.hauntedD.hiddenHe________thatheshouldhavebeenallowedtofreehimselffromachargeofrobbery,andthatheshouldreceivecompensationforhisunjustifiedimprisonment.petitionedB.pardonedC.pensionedD.prayedMuchofthecitywas________beforethestormbutthousandsremained,manyofwhomweretrappedbythewaterfordays.evaluatedB.dilutedC.vacatedD.evacuatedThedisasterisalreadysettobetheworld’sworstforgroundcasualties________byacrashingaircraft.affectedB.confrontedC.inflictedD.conflictedWhenweconsiderthefateofAtlantis(大西岛),perhapsweshould________whetherthemysteriousislanddisappearedduetoamassiveearthquake,continentalshifts,ahugefloodandsoveB.proposeC.supposeD.ponderIftheoffshoreislandweretohitland,muchofthecontinentwouldbeleveled;massdestruction,diseaseandstarvationwould________.ensureB.ensueC.encounterD.enterAlargeproportionofimportant________arebroughtaboutbypeoplewhostepoutsideofconventionalcategoriesortraditionalassumptions.innovationsB.revenueC.determinationsD.evolutionIfyoualreadyknowyouare________toseasicknessortheseawillberough,youshouldtakesomemedicationbeforebeginningthevoyage.susceptibleB.suspiciousC.supposedD.successiveItisprobablethatsomemedicinewetakewillnevercureusofourillnessorimproveourhealthbutwillonlyhelpto________oursymptoms.suspendB.suppressC.supportD.supposeAlthoughsecondaryeducationis________,parentsarenotrequiredtosendtheirchildrentostatepulsiveB.supplementaryC.compensatoryD.compulsoryThesewomenliveinNewYorkCitywhereitmaybedifficultto________awayoflivingthatwouldbeaffordablefortheirbudgets.divertB.conceiveC.contriveD.strivePraisemustbeusedwiselyto________studentswhoperformuptoexpectationsandtoencouragestudentstoperformtomaximumplimentB.complementC.competeD.compensateNumerousmarriagesnowendindivorce,andwomenwithoutcareersaremuchmore________thanthosewiththem.venerableB.inferiorC.suppressedD.vulnerableJustasIstartedtothinkthatIwasnevergoingtogetwell,theillnessbeganto________.concedeB.recedeC.retreatD.recoverManymembersoftheacademicstaffareinternationally________expertswhoinsistonmethodicalapproachestotheanalysisofsociety.arrogantB.profoundC.renownedD.criticalIIBankedClozeDirections:Fillintheblanksbyselectingsuitablewordsfromthewordbank.YoumaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanoncepercentageincentivecontributefosteredcompressioncontrastcompulsionprocessiongaugeguessbetterpercentdifferleisureprecisionPeople’sattitudetowardtheirworkdetermineseverything.Toworkers,__21__meanssimplythehourstheyneedtorelaxandrestinordertoworkefficiently.Workersarethereforemorepronetodedicatemoretimetoworking,takingtoolittleleisureratherthantoomuch.Tolaborers,ontheotherhand,leisuremeansautonomyfrom__22__,soitisnaturalforthemtoimaginethatthefewerhourstheyhavetospendlaboring,andthemorehourstheyhavefreeforplay,the__23__.Besidesthemerehoursspentinleisure,workersandlaborers__24__intheamountofpersonalsatisfactiontheyderivefromtheirjobs.Workerswhoenjoytheirjobswillbehappier,lessstressed,andgenerallymoresatisfiedwiththeirlives.Theywillalsoworkwithmorediligenceand__25__becausetheyhave__26__asenseofpersonalprideintheirjobs.Ontheotherhand,laborers,whosesole__27__isearningtheirlivelihood,feelthatthetimetheyspendonthedailygrindiswastedanddoesn’t__28__totheirhappiness.Insteadofvaluingall24hoursoftheirdayasenjoyableandproductivehours,they__29__onlythetimespentinleisureandplayasmeaningful.Unfortunately,laborersarealltoocommonplace,andonlyasmall__30__ofthepopulationisintheluckypositionofbeingworkers.IIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Choosethebestoptiontoanswerthequestionsbasedoneachpassage.Passage1ExcitingMusicCanBoostMentalCapacityExcitingconcertos(协奏曲）fromVivaldi’sTheFourSeasonscanboostmentalalertness,accordingtoresearchfromNorthumbriaUniversity.Thefindings,whicharepublishedinExperimentalPsychology,showthattheexcitingfirstmovement(乐章),inparticular,iscapableofenhancingattentionandmemory.Intheexperiment,agroupof14youngadultsweregivenamentalconcentrationtasktoperform.Theywereaskedtopressthespacebaronakeyboardwhenagreensquareappearedonscreenandignoredifferentcolouredcirclesandsquaresthatappearedatintervals.TheparticipantscarriedoutthistaskbothinsilenceandwhilelisteningtoeachofthefourconcertoswhiletheirbrainactivitywasmeasuredusingEEGbrainimaging.ResultsshowedthatparticipantsrespondedcorrectlyfasterwhenlisteningtotheexcitingSpringconcerto.Whenlisteningtotheconcerto,theaverageresponsetimeinperformingthetaskwas393.8milliseconds(毫秒)asopposedto408.1millisecondswhenthetaskwascarriedoutinsilence.Thisresponsetimeroseto413.3millisecondswhentheylistenedtotheslowerandsadderAutumnmusic,thereforeshowingadecreaseinmentalcapacity.PsychologistDr.LeighRibysaid,“TheSpringmovementenhancedoverallactivitywithinthebrainbuthadanexaggeratedeffectontheareaofthebrainthat’simportantforemotionalprocessing.Itseemedtogiverisetoparticularimageryinthebrainandevokepositive,contentedfeelingswhichtranslatedintohigherlevelsofcognitivefunctioning.Dr.RibysuggeststhattheSpringmovementisparticularlyspecialandcouldbeusedintherapyandis,infact,quiteafamiliarpiecetomostpeople,asithasbeenusedsuccessfullyinmarketingtoinducemoodandinfluencebehaviour.Healsofoundthatthekeyinwhichthemusicwaswrittenhadnoimpactonbrainperformance.WhiletheSpringconcertowhichiswritteninamajorkeyenhancedcognitivefunction,theAutumnmovement,whichisalsowritteninamajorkey,didnot.Headded,“Thisexperimentshowsthatcognitivecapacityisenhancedwhenpleasantandarousingstimuliareintroduced.”31.WhatdoweknowabouttheresearchfromNorthumbriaUniversity?A.Itshowedmusiccanboostmentalalertness.B.Theresultsoftheresearchhavebeenpublished.C.Itwasdonebyagroupof14youngadults.D.Itwasconductedinfourdifferentseasonsofayear.Underwhatcircumstancedidparticipantsrespondcorrectlyfaster?Whentheywereincompletesilence.Whentheywerelisteningtoslowandsadmusic.WhentheywerelisteningtotheAutumnconcerto.WhentheywerelisteningtotheSpringconcerto.WhatdidDr.RibysayabouttheSpringmovementinParagraph5?Itcouldevokenegativefeelings.B.Itseemedhelpfulforimprovingcognitivefunction.C.Ithadsurprisinglylittleimpactonthebrain.D.Itenhancedoverallactivityofthebody.34.WhyaremostpeoplequitefamiliarwiththeSpringmovement?A.Ithasbeenusedintherapysettings.B.Peoplethinkitisquitespecialandclassic.C.Ithasbeensuccessfullyusedinmarketing.D.Peopleusuallylistentoittoadjusttheirmood.35.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Pleasantandarousingstimulicanenhancecognitivecapacity.B.TheSpringandtheAutumnmovementwerewrittenindifferentkeys.C.Thekeyinwhichthemusicwaswrittenwasneverimportant.D.TheAutumnconcertocouldenhancecognitiveability.Passage2UglyFacesAreMoreMemorableTheoldsayingofneverforgettingaprettyfacemightbeuntrueaspsychologistsbelievebeautifulpeoplearelesslikelytoberecognized.Anewstudysuggeststhatattractivenesscanactuallypreventtherecognitionoffacesunlessaprettyfaceisparticularlydistinctive.Germanpsychologiststhinktherecognitionofprettyfacesisdistortedbyemotions.ScientistsattheUniversityofJenaGermany,discoveredthatphotosofunattractivepeopleweremoreeasilyrememberedthanprettyoneswhentheyshowedthemtoagroupofpeople.ResearchersHolgerWiese,CarolinAltmannandStefanSchweinbergerfromtheuniversity,wroteintheirstudy:“Wecouldshowthatthetestsubjectsweremorelikelytorememberunattractivefacesthanattractiveones,whenthelatterdidn’thaveanyparticularlynoticeabletraits.”Forthestudy,whichwaspublishedinsciencemagazineNeuropsychologia,thepsychologistsshowedphotosoffacestotestsubjects.Halfofthefaceswereconsideredtobemoreattractiveandtheotherhalfaslessattractive,butallofthemwerebeingthoughtofassimilarlydistinctivelooking.Thetestsubjectswereshownthefacesforjustafewsecondstomemorizethemandwereshownthemagainduringthetestsothattheycoulddecideiftheyrecognizedthemornot.Thescientistsweresurprisedbytheresult.“Untilnowweassumedthatitwasgenerallyeasiertomemorizefaceswhicharebeingperceivedasattractive,justbecausewepreferlookingatbeautifulfaces,”Dr.Wiesesaid.Butthestudyshowedthatsuchaconnectioncannotbeeasilysustained.Heassumesthatrememberingprettyfacesisdistortedbyemotionalinfluences,whichenhancethesenseofrecognitionatalatertime.Theresearchers’ideaisbackedupbyevidencefromEEG-recordings(脑电图记录)whichshowthebrain’selectricactivitywhichthescientistsusedduringtheirexperiment.Thestudyalsorevealedthatinthecaseofattractivefaces,considerablymorefalsepositiveresultsweredetected.Inotherwords,peoplethoughttheyrecognizedafacewithouthavingseenitbefore.“Weobviouslytendtobelievethatwerecognizeafacejustbecausewefinditattractive.”Dr.Wiesesaid.36.Whatcanbeinferredfromthenewstudy?A.Beautifulpeopleareparticularlydistinctive.B.Peoplearereluctanttorecognizeuglyfaces.C.Attractivefacesarealwayseasytoberecognized.D.Attractivenesssometimespreventstherecognitionoffaces.Whatdoweknowaboutthephotosfromparagraph3?A.Theywereselectedatrandom.B.Theywereallofprettyfaces.C.Theywerenotdistinctiveatall.D.Theywereshowedtwicetothetestsubjects.Whydowegenerallyassumeitiseasiertomemorizebeautifulfaces?Becausebeautifulfacesaremorememorable.B.Becausewelovetolookatbeautifulfacesmore.C.Becauseourmemoryfavorsbeautifulthings.D.Becausebeautifulfaceshavedistinctivetraits.Howdoemotionalinfluencesdistortrememberingprettyfaces?Theycanenhancethesenseofrecognitionlater.Theymakeustendtorememberwhatwelike.Theycanchangeourmemoryaboutitgradually.Theymakeusfailtomakeagoodjudgment.40.Whatdoes“falsepositiveresults”(Line2,Para.5)mean?A.Peoplerecognizefewerfacesthantheyhavethought.B.Peoplerecognizemoreuglyfacesthanprettyones.C.Peopleclaimtorecognizeafacetheyhaveneverseen.D.Peopleactuallyonlyrecognizefewprettyfaces.IVTranslationDirections:TranslateintoEnglishtheChinesetextgivenbelow.中国象棋（Chinesechess）是一种古老的智力游戏，是中国宝贵的文化遗产（heritage）。它的起源与军事策略相关。在古代，下象棋也是一个文化人必须掌握的技能之一。如今，象棋被当作是开发智力和培养专注的有效途径，很多孩子从四五岁就开始学习下象棋。与此同时，下象棋也是许多老年人最喜欢的消遣方式。据估计，在中国有超过五亿人懂得下象棋。ⅤWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositiononthetopic“Children’sAbilitytoConcentrateIsDeclining”basedonthefollowinginfo