2026年中考第一次模拟考试英语试卷1（无听力含答案解析）

第第页2026年中考第一次模拟考试英语试卷1听力略第二部分基础知识运用（共20小题；计40分）五、选择填空。（共10小题；计20分）A.阅读下面短文，从方框内的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共5小题，每小题2分；计10分）A.inordertoB.takecareofC.lookingforwardtoD.assoonasE.inahurryLilywokeuplatethismorningandhadtoleavehome26.______.Sheforgottofeedherlittlecat,Mimi."I'llaskMomto27.______it,"shethoughtwhilerunningtothebusstop.Lilywasrushing28.______catchtheearlybustoschool.Todaywasthedayofherclassfieldtriptothesciencemuseum,whichshe'dbeen29.______forweeks.Whenshefinallygotonthebus,herbestfriendLucyhandedherasandwich."Youmustbehungry,"Lucysaidwithasmile.Thebusarrivedatthemuseumjustbefore10o'clock.30.______theywalkedin,Lily'seyeslitupatthehugedinosaurfossils.Itwasgoingtobeanamazingday,andshewasgladshehadn'tmissedit,evenifshe'dstartedthemorninginarush.26.______29.______28.______29.______30.______B.补全对话。根据对话内容，从下边方框中选出适当的选项补全对话。（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）A:Lastnightmyneighbor'sflatwasbrokeninto.B:Oh,really?31.______A:No,heisonvacationinParisthesedays.B:32.______A:Yes.Atfirst,Ithoughttheyweremadebythepets,butlater,Icametorealizesomethingstrange.B:33.______A:Calledthepolice,ofcourse.B:Werethethievescaughtatthescene?A:No.34.______B:Whatdidthepolicedoaftertheyarrived?A:Theywerebusylookingforcluesatthattime.B:Doyouthinktheywillcatchthethieves?A:35.______Let'swaitforgoodnews.A.Ihopeso.B.Whatdidyoudothen?C.Wasn'tyourneighborinside?D.Didyouhearanyunusualsounds?E.Theyhadleftbythetimethepolicearrived.31.______32.______35.______34.______35.______六、完形填空。阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（共10小题，每小题2分；计20分）Threeyearsago,agroupofresearchersatauniversityhadaguess.Theyknewthatmanyapplesbeing36.______tokidsaspartoftheNationalSchoolLunchProgramwereendingupinthetrash,almostuntouched.Butunlikeothers,they37.______ifthereasonwasmorecomplicated（复杂的）thansimplythatthekidsdidn'twantthefruit.Theythoughtthatwasbecausetheappleswereserved38.______,ratherthansliced（切成片的）.Andtheywantedto39.______thisidea.Theycarriedoutastudyateightschoolsandfoundthatfruitconsumption（消耗）40.______bymorethan60percentwhenappleswereservedsliced.They41.______madeafurtherstudyatsixotherschools,whichnotonlyshowedthesameresult,butfurther42.______it.Boththeoverallappleconsumptionandthepercentageofstudentswhoatemorethanhalfoftheappleweremorethan70percenthigher.Basedonthese43.______,itseemsthateventhesimplestformsofinconveniencecaninfluenceus.Slicedapplesjustmakemoresenseforkids.Justimaginethatachildholdingawholeapplehastobreaktheskin,eataroundthecore（果核）,and44.______theinconvenienceofholdingalargefruit.Theseproblemsmightseemsillyorunimportant,butthey'reimportantwhenyou're45.______teethorhavebraces（牙箍）,assomanykidsdo.It'soneofthosesituationswherewhatseemslikeareallysmallinconvenienceactuallymakesahugedifference.()36.A.soldB.servedC.lent()37.A.noticedB.imaginedC.wondered()38.A.wholeB.readyC.alone()39.A.presentB.shareC.prove()40.A.droppedB.increasedC.reached()41.A.thenB.insteadC.already()42.A.comparedB.supportedC.described()43.A.plansB.resultsC.methods()44.A.dealwithB.thinkaboutC.careabout()45.A.brushingB.cleaningC.missing第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；计30分）七、阅读下面三篇短文，根据短文内容选择最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题2分；计30分）AaMany15-minutecommunitylifecircleshavebeencreatedinShanghai,whichmeansyoucangettothepublicservicesyouneedwithina15-minutewalkfromyourhome.Recently,afarmer'smarketinoneofthosecircleshasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programthroughwhichpeoplecanbuythingsinthecircle,savingshoppingtime.bAtamarketinNingbo,ZhejiangProvince,thereisascreenshowingthelatestvegetableprices,foottrafficandtestingresultsofvegetables.Theuseofthisnewtechnologyhasmadeinformationmoreopenandtransparent.cAtafarmer'smarketinourneighboringChongqing,一帆名口customerswillreceiveapaymentreceipt（收据）printedwithaQRcode（二维码）oniteachtimetheybuyaproduct.Oncetheyfindasafetyproblemwiththeproduct,theycanfindoutwheretheproductcamefromthroughthecode.dInWuhan,HubeiProvince,amarketprovidesreal-timerankings（排名）ofbest-sellingproductswiththehelpofanapp.Inthisway,sellerscanseewhichvegetablesandfruitsaresellingwellinthismarket.Thishasmadetheirdailyworkmucheasier.()46.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanweseethisreading?A.Health&Safety.B.Technology&Life.C.Trade&Culture.()47.WhichquestioncanbeansweredbythescreenatthemarketinNingbo?A.Howmucharethevegetables?B.Howcanpeoplegettothemarketbycar?C.Whichvegetablessellbestinthemarket?()48.Whichoftheblankscanbefilledinwiththeunderlinedword"transparent"?A.Sometimesit's______tosaynotoothers,oryouwillbetired.B.Takeiteasy!Youcansurelypasstheexamsinceit'snot______.C.Thebottleis______,sowecanseehowmuchwaterisleftinitfromoutside.()49.WhosecommentisrightabouttheappusedbythemarketinWuhan? A.Mrs.Su:Great!Itmakessureofthefoodsafety.B.MissLi:NowIcanknowmoreaboutthevegetablesIbuy.C.Mr.Huang:It'stooconvenient!Ineedn'tchoosewhattosellnow.()50.Whatdothefourmarketshaveincommon?A.Theyallusenewtechnologies.B.Theyallgethighpraisefromcustomers.C.Theyalllieina15-minutecommunitylifecircle.BLinHuiyinGetsHerArchitectureDegreeAfterManyYearsLinHuiyinwasaChinesewomanwhodesignedbuildingsandwrotebooks.Shewasbornin1904andpassedawayin1955.Thisyear,theUniversityofPennsylvaniagaveheraspecialarchitectureaward.Thishappenedlongaftershedied,onwhatwouldhavebeenher120thbirthday.Hergranddaughter,YuKui,acceptedtheawardforher.TheuniversitygavethisawardtohonorLin'sworkinarchitectureinChina.In1924,LinwenttotheUniversityofPennsylvaniatostudy.Atthattime,theuniversitydidnotgivearchitecturedegreestowomen.Thischangedin1934.Linwastheonlywomaninherprogram.ShealsogotlessscholarshipmoneythanthemenfromChina.LinhadtostudyintheSchoolofFineArts.Itwastheonlyschoolthatallowedwomen.Shewasverygoodatherbuildingdesignclasses.Linworkedveryhard.Sheeventaughtotherstudentsaboutbuildingdesign.Sheoftengotthebestgrades.AftershereturnedtoChina,Linbecamethefirstwomanknownasanarchitectthere.Shedesignedbuildings,taught,andstudiedthehistoryofbuildingdesign.Shedidallthisevenduringdifficulttimeslikewarsandillness.Now,LinisrememberedasthefirstandmostfamouswomanarchitectinmodernChina.Herstoryinspiresmanypeople.ItshowshowsheovercameoldrulesandbecamealeaderforotherwomeninChina.()51.InwhichyeardidLinHuiyindie?A.1904.B.1924.C.1955.()52.Whycouldn'tLinHuiyingetanarchitecturedegreewhenshestudiedattheUniversityofPennsylvania?A.Shewasn'tgoodenough.B.Shedidn'thaveenoughfunds.C.TheUniversityofPennsylvaniadidn'tofferarchitecturedegreestowomen.()53.WhichschooldidLinHuiyinattendattheUniversityofPennsylvania?A.TheSchoolofArchitecture.B.TheSchoolofFineArts.C.TheSchoolofHistory.()54.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"honor"inParagraph.1mean?A.Todosomethingthatshowsgreatrespect.B.Toacceptaspay.C.Toadmirefromfaraway.()55.WhatcanwelearnfromLinHuiyin'sstory?A.Nomatterhowdifficulttheenvironmentis,wecanstillachieveourdreams.B.Womenhavenofutureinthefieldofarchitecture.C.Weshouldavoidwarsandillnesses.CCruisesarebecomingmoreandmorepopular,witharound20millionpassengersperyearnowenjoyingholidaysonboardluxury（奢侈的）ships.Morepeopleseeacruiseastheperfectwaytositbackanddonothing,andenjoytimeoffwork.Butwhatistheeffectontheenvironmentofthistrend?Althoughitusuallytakeslessenergyforavehicletomovethroughwaterthanoverland,cruiseshipsareoftenmassive,withthebiggestonescarryingupto6,000passengers.Movingsuchlargevehiclesrequireshugeengineswhichburnasmuchas300,000litresoffueladay.Onescientisthascalculatedthatcruiseshipscreateasmuchpollutionas5millioncarsgoingoverthesamedistance.Becausetheyareoutatsea,theyalsoburndirtierfuelthatisn'tallowedonland.Unfortunately,nogovernmenthascontrolovertheamountofairpollutionoutatsea.Cruisesalsoproducehugeamountsofrubbish,andcruiseshipsaren'tusuallygoodatrecycling.Wastewaterfromshowersandtoiletsisusuallypoureddirectlyintothesea—asmuchperdayasfromasmalltown.Wastefoodfromrestaurantsisn'tputintothesea,butstillcausesproblemswhenbroughtbacktotheland.Cruiseshipsalsocausedifficultiesinthecitieswheretheystop.Populardestinationscangetfiveorsixshipsperday,withthousandsoftouristsatatime.Goodforrestaurants?No.Restaurantownerscomplainthatthevisitorslookaroundforafewhoursandthenreturntotheirshiptoeat.What'smore,thecrowdscanputoffothertourists,whocomplainthatthestreetsaretoobusy.Sometownshavebannedcruiseshipsorputalimitonthenumberthatcanstopatthesametime.Peoplewhocareabouttheenvironmentworrythatasthecruiseindustrycontinuestogrow,sowilltheissuesforourplanet.()56.Cruiseshipscausealotofairpollutionbecause___.A.theycarrylargenumbersofcarsandpassengersaswellB.theyusetypesoffuelthatarenotallowedonlandC.ittakesmoreenergytomovethroughwaterthanoverland()57.Whatdocruiseshipsusuallydowiththewastewaterfromshowersandtoilets?A.It'sbroughtintoatown.B.It'sproperlyrecycled.C.It'sthrownawayatsea.()58.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtopassage2?A.Cruisetravelisgrowingincreasinglypopularbecausepeopleliketheluxuryships.B.Governmentdoesn'tcontroltheamountofairpollutionoutatsea.C.Wastewaterfromshowersandtoiletsandwastefoodfromrestaurantsallputintothesea.()59.Whydorestaurantownersincruiseshipdestinationscomplain?A.Theydon'tspendmoneyonmeals.B.Theyfilluptherestaurantsandmakenoise.C.Theycomplainwhenthecityistoocrowded.()60.Thepurposeofthepassageisto___.A.introduceanewwayoftravellingB.advisegovernmentstobancruiseshipsC.explainsomeproblemscruiseshipscauseB卷(共50分)一、短文填空。从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。(共10小题；每小题1分，计10分)activeasdeallistenpaypleaserelatesciencestartstrongsincetalkMostofusenjoylisteningtoourmothers'voices.Scientistshavefoundthatourbrainslikeourmothers'voicesmuchmorethanotherpeople'svoices.___61___atStanfordUniversity,US,studiedthis.Theyscanned(扫描)children'sbrainswhilethey___62___todifferentsounds,includingtheirmothers'voices.Theyfoundthat97percentofthetime,childrencouldrecognizetheirmothers'voicesatonce.Hearingtheirmothers'voicesmakeschildren'sbrainsmuch___63___.Weusuallyjustuseonepartofourbrain___64___withsoundswhenwehearsomething.Butwhenwehearourmothers'voices,manypartsofthebrain,includingthoseinchargeof(负责)rewardandemotion,___65___toworkaswell.Whydowerespond___66___toourmothers'voices?Itstartsevenbeforewe'reborn.Whenchildrenarestillinthewomb(子宫)orhavejustbeenborn,theyheartheirmothers___67___.Thismakesbabiesfeelcomfortableandteachesthemlanguageandsocialskills,eventhoughtheyarestillveryyoung.Thebabieslearntorecognizetheirmothers'voicesasarewardingsound.Later,whentheyhearthissoundagain,moreattention___68___toit.Somesoundsarenecessaryforoursurvivalorbringus___69___.Thesesoundsarerecognizedbyourbrainsasrewardingsounds.Mosthumanvoicesarenotrecognizedinthisway,___70___wehearthemsooften.Butmothers'voicesaredifferent.Theybringusalotofcomfort.61.___62.___63.___64.___65.___66.___67.___68.___69.___70.___二、补全短文。根据短文内容，从短文后的A~F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）Inyourdreams,youmayclearlyseesomethingorhearsomeonetalking.Butwhataboutsmells?Canyoueverremembersmellsfromyourdreams?Researchershavestudieddifferentsensory（感官的）experiencesindreams.AccordingtoTheIndependent,astudyhasfoundthatvisual（视觉的）experiencemainlycontrolsone'sdreams.71.______Butwhydotheydifferalot?NowscientistsfromtheUniversityofIllinois,theUS,mayhavetheanswers.Inourbrain,aspecialpartcalledthecerebralcortex（大脑皮层）islinkedtoourfeelings.Twothirdsofthecerebralcortexworksinvision.72.______Auditoryiscloselytiedtolanguage,andlanguageisprocessedcompletelyinthecerebralcortex.73.______Itconnectsdirectlyintothememoryandemotionalsystems.Thatiswhyasmellcanbringbackamemory.74.______Forexample,closeyoureyesandimagineyourfavoritedish.Whatdoyouget?Itiseasytothinkaboutwhatitlookslike.Butitisnoteasytoimagineitssmell.Thevisionandauditorysensesarepartofacomplexprocessinsidethebrain.Butsmellisadirectmeasurementofthechemicalsintheair.Thereislessimaginationinvolved（涉及）insmell.75.______Itissimilartotasteandtouch.Thatiswhyyoudon'toftenhavetheexperienceoftasteortouchinyourdreams.A.Sovisionappearsoftenindreams.B.Smell,however,haslittletodowiththecerebralcortex.C.Itisprobablybecausetheexperienceofsmellismuchmoredifficult.D.Anotherpossibilityisthatperhapssmellisnoteasilyinfluencedbyourimagination.E.Therefore,smellmightbelessinfluencedbythebrainactivityhappeningduringdreaming.F.Ittakesupabout85percent,whileauditory（听觉的）experiencemakesup69percent,andsmellonly7percent.三、阅读表达。（共10小题；计15分）A.完成图表。根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。（共5小题；每小题1分，计5分）Ifyou'resomeonewholooksinthemirroreverydayandfocusesonlyonanysmallmistake,you'renotalone.Formanypeople,strugglingwithbodyimageproblemsisacontinuousfight.Manyyoungpeoplesharedtheirpersonalexperiencesonline."Howhostile（恶意的）istheworldtounattractivegirls?"becameahottopiconSinaWeiboinMarch."Mynoseisnothighenough,mychinisshortandflat,andmyeyesaresmall,"TangYuqi,acollegestudent,toldChinaYouthDaily.Shedoesn'tevenanswerthedoorwithoutputtingonmakeupfirst."Ijustcan'tacceptmyselfifI'mnotwearingit,"Tangadded.OneInternetusertalkedabouthowherfriendswouldoftencutherimageoutofgrouppicturesbecausetheythoughtshewastoofat.YoungChinesepeoplereflectontheirbodyimage.ChinaYouthDailyshowedasurveyaboutimageanxiety（焦虑）recently.Let'stakealookatsomeofthefindings.HowdoChineseyouthsratetheirownbodyimageonascaleof1to5?Whatmakesthisanxietymoreseriousamongyoungpeople?Asthecountry'seconomyhasdevelopedquickly,peoplearemoresusceptible（易受影响的）towhatothersthinkofthem.Moretimespentonlinealsomeansmoreexposure（暴露）toadsshowing"paper-thinwaists"or"chopsticklegs".Suchunrealisticideals（理想）onlymakeyoungpeoplefeelmoreanxiousandleadtoanunhealthythoughtofperfectionism.Theanxietyoverappearanceandshapehaspushedsomepeopleintophysicalandmentalillness.Somepeopleevengothroughsurgery（手术）justtoachievewhattheybelievesocietyconsiders"beautiful".Butbeautydoesn'tcomefromamakeupbrushorathinnerwaist.Growingtallerandhavingperfectskinisn'tthesolutiontoanxiety.Thefactthateverypersonisdifferentissomethingtobecelebrated.B.任务型阅读。根据短文内容，按要求回答问题。（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）Formanyofus,theideaofafamilyisalotnarrowerthanitusedtobe.Todaychildrengoawaytocollege,andtakeupjobswhereverchancesseemgreatest.Soinsteadofgrowingupinafamilywithgrandparents,aunts,unclesandcousins,manyofusaretrulyconnectedonlytoourparentsandbrothers.Manykidstodayknowlittleofthelivesoftheirrelativesanddon'tcaredeeplyaboutthem.Whetherwerealizeitornot,thefeelingofbeingdisconnectedmakespeoplefeellonely.“Peopleneedtofeelconnected,”saysJoyBrowne,adoctorintheU.S.“Andtheywilldoitintheeasiestways.”Whenfamilymembersaren'tconnected,whatcouldbeeasierthanformingaconnectiontofamouspeople?Thisisn'tsomethingunusual,ofcourse.PeoplecriedwhenMeiYanfangdiedin2003.It'snaturalandinmostwaysharmlesstofeelthatway,butthat'sunhealthy,becausetherelationshipsaren'ttwo-way(相互的).Forthat,weneedtostayconnectedtoourownfamilies.Parentscanhelpbytellingtheirchildrenstoriesabouttheirgrandparents,auntsandcousinssothatchildrencanknowtheirlatestactivitiesandinterests.Wecankeepconnectedwithourrelativesbyusingtechnology.It'seasytosendE-mailtogranddad.Aweekofrelaxingvacationcanbeagreatwaytotieupfamilyties.Andwhenabadthinghappens,noonecanbeashelpfulasyourrelatives.Becausenomatterhowmuchwecryforthefamouspeople,theycan'tbetheretocryforus.81.Areweoftenconnectedtoourrelativesnow?Andwhy?82.Whatmakespeoplefeellonely?83.Whydoparentstellchildrenstoriesabouttherelatives?84.Howcanwekeepconnectedwithourrelatives?85.Whatdoyouthinkofkeepingconnectedwithyourrelatives?Howdoyouconnectwiththem?四、书面表达。（计15分）近期，教育部调整课程体系，把劳动教育从综合实践课程中单列出来，纳入中小学课程。请以“Howtodeveloplaborhabits?”为题，根据提出的问题谈谈你的看法。1.Whathouseworkdoyouusuallydoathome?2.Whatkindofactivitiesaboutlaboreducationdoyoutakepartinatschool?3.Youropinionsaboutlaboreducation.4.Youradvicetostudentsabouthowtodeveloplaborhabits.(atleast2piecesofadvice)注意：1.表达准确，过渡衔接自然，书写工整，卷面整洁；2.文中不能出现真实姓名和校名；3.词数80左右。参考词汇:integratedpracticecourses综合实践课程参考答案A卷第二部分基础知识运用五、选择填空。A26.E【解析】前文提到“Lilywokeuplatethismorning（莉莉今早醒得很晚）”，所以她需要“匆忙”离开家。inahurry表示“匆忙地”，符合语境。27.B【解析】前文提到“Sheforgottofeedherlittlecat,Mimi.（她忘记喂她的小猫咪咪了）”，所以需要让妈妈去照顾小猫。takecareof表示“照顾；照料”，符合“asksb.todosth.（让某人做某事）”的结构要求。28.A【解析】后文“catchtheearlybustoschool（赶上早班车去学校）”是前文“Lilywasrushing（莉莉匆匆忙忙）”的目的。inorderto表示“为了”，用于引出目的，符合语境。29.C【解析】前文提到“Todaywasthedayofherclassfieldtriptothesciencemuseum（今天是她班级去科学博物馆实地考察的日子）”，且后文“forweeks（持续数周）”说明这件事是她“期待”了很久的。lookingforwardto表示“期待”，“hadbeen+现在分词”构成过去完成进行时，符合语法和语境。30.D【解析】从句“theywalkedin”和后面主句“Lily'seyeslitupatthehugedinosaurfossils”是时间上的先后衔接，assoonas表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。B31.C【解析】根据回答“No,heisonvacationinParisthesedays.”可知，邻居在巴黎度假，所以此处B在询问邻居是否在家里，且是一般疑问句。故选C。32.D【解析】根据回答“Yes.Atfirst,Ithoughttheyweremadebythepets,butlater,Icametorealizesomethingstrange.”可知，开始A以为是宠物发出的声音，但后来意识到不对劲，所以此处B询问是否听到奇怪的声音，且用一般疑问句。故选D。33.B【解析】根据回答“Calledthepolice,ofcourse.”可知，A报警了，所以此处B询问A当时做了什么。故选B。34.E【解析】根据回答“No.”可知，小偷没有在现场被抓住，所以在警察来时小偷已经离开了。故选E。35.A【解析】根据空后的回答“Let'swaitforgoodnews.”可知，A希望能抓到小偷。故选A。六、完形填空。文章大意：本文讲述一个研究小组对全国学校午餐计划中提供给孩子的苹果许多都被浪费这一事实背后的原因进行研究和探索的故事，表明有时候看似很小的不便却能产生巨大的影响。36.B【解析】考查动词辨析。sold售卖;served提供，供应;lent借出。句意为“作为国家学校午餐计划的一部分，许多被___给孩子的苹果最后都被扔进垃圾桶，几乎没被碰过”。“servesth.tosB.”表示“给某人提供某物”，符合学校午餐供应苹果的语境。故选B。37.C【解析】考查动词辨析。noticed注意到；imagined想象；wondered想知道，疑惑。句意为“但与其他人不同，他们___原因是否比孩子只是不想要水果更复杂”。“wonderif...”表示“想知道是否……”，符合研究者探究原因的语境。故选C。38.A【解析】考查形容词辨析。whole整个的;ready准备好的;alone独自的。句意为“他们认为这是因为苹果是被___供应的，而不是切片的”。选项A与后文“ratherthansliced（而不是切片的）”形成对比，说明苹果是整个供应的。故选A。39.C【解析】考查动词辨析。present呈现;share分享;prove证明。句意为“他们想___这个想法”。后文提到他们开展研究，即要证明“整个苹果供应导致浪费”的想法。故选C。40.B【解析】考查动词辨析。dropped下降；increased增加；reached到达。句意为“他们在八所学校开展研究，发现当苹果被切片供应时，水果消耗___了60%以上”。切片让孩子更愿意吃，因此消耗增加，B项符合语境。41.A【解析】考查副词辨析。then然后；instead代替；already已经。句意为“他们___在另外六所学校开展了进一步研究”。此处表示动作的先后顺序，即先在八所学校研究，然后在另外六所学校研究。故选A。42.B【解析】考查动词辨析。compared比较；supported支持；described描述。句意为“这不仅显示了相同的结果，还进一步___了它”。进一步研究的结果应该“支持”了之前的结论，B项符合语境。43.B【解析】考查名词辨析。plans计划；results结果；methods方法。句意为“基于这些___，似乎即使是最简单的不便形式也会影响我们”。前文提到的研究发现都属于“结果”，因此B项符合语境。44.A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。dealwith处理，应对；thinkabout思考；careabout关心。句意为“想象一个孩子拿着整个苹果，必须弄破果皮，绕着果核吃，还要___拿着一个大水果的不便”。孩子需要“应对”拿整个大苹果的不便，因此A项符合语境。45.C【解析】考查动词辨析。brushing刷；cleaning清洁；missing缺失。句意为“这些问题可能看起来很傻或不重要，但当你___牙齿或戴牙箍时，就像很多孩子一样，它们很重要”。孩子“缺牙”或戴牙箍时，吃整个苹果的不便更明显，“missingteeth”可理解为缺牙(或换牙期)，符合语境。故选C。第三部分阅读理解七、阅读下面三篇短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。A文章大意：本文讲述了上海、宁波、重庆、武汉四个地方的市场采用了不同的新科技，给人们的生活带来便利。46.B【解析】推理判断题。a篇讲述用微信小程序节约购物时间；b篇讲述用大屏幕展示市场情况，让市场信息透明化；c篇讲述二维码收据追溯商品来源的新方式；d篇讲述市场提供实时销量排名。这些都与“科技和生活”相关。故选B。47.A【解析】细节理解题。根据b篇的“thereisascreenshowingthelatestvegetableprices,foottrafficandtestingresultsofvegetables”可知，大屏幕提供蔬菜价格、步行路线和蔬菜检测结果，不提供销量。故选A。48.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据b篇的市场大屏幕提供的所有信息和“hasmadeinformationmoreopen”可知，消费者知道更多信息，会让信息“透明化”。所以C项“这个瓶子是透明的，所以我们可以从外面看到还剩下多少水”符合意思。故选C。49.C【解析】推理判断题。根据d篇的“Inthisway,sellerscanseewhichvegetablesandfruitsaresellingwellinthismarket.Thishasmadetheirdailyworkmucheasier.”可知，这会让市场的卖家知道什么类型的蔬菜销量最好，不用自己盲目进货。故选C。50.A【解析】推理判断题。通览全文可知，四篇短文都讲述了市场应用新科技，故选A。B文章大意：本文讲述了林徽因的求学经历和贡献，并在经历困难后最终得到认可的事情。51.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Shewasbornin1904andpassedawayin1955.”可知，林徽因死于1955年。故选C。52.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“In1924,LinwenttotheUniversityofPennsylvaniatostudy.Atthattime,theuniversitydidnotgivearchitecturedegreestowomen.”可知，林徽因在宾夕法尼亚大学上学时，学校不授予女士建筑学学位，所以林徽因没有得到这个学位。故选C。53.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“LinhadtostudyintheSchoolofFineArts.Itwastheonlyschoolthatallowedwomen.”可知，在宾夕法尼亚大学上学时，她只能在美术学院上学，因为那是唯一允许女孩子学习的学院。故选B。54.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Lin'sworkinarchitectureinChina”和倒数第二段林徽因在建筑方面做出的贡献可知，授予她建筑学学位是为了表示对她的“尊敬”。55.A【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，林徽因上学时的社会环境对她不公平，但是她仍然做出了杰出贡献并最终得到了认可，所以A选项（无论环境有多么困难，我们仍然能实现我们的梦想）符合主题。故选A。C文章大意：文章分别从环境污染（空气污染、废水、垃圾）和对停靠城市的影响（游客消费、拥挤）两个方面，阐述了游轮带来的问题。56.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Becausetheyareoutatsea,theyalsoburndirtierfuelthatisn'tallowedonland”可知游轮造成严重空气污染的原因是使用了陆地上不允许使用的更脏的燃料。故选B。57.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Wastewaterfromshowersandtoiletsisusuallypoureddirectlyintothesea”可知这些废水被直接排入大海。故选C。58.B【解析】正误判断题。文章开头说游轮流行是因为人们觉得它是“sitbackanddonothing”的完美方式，而非因为喜欢奢华船只，A项错误；文章第二段提到“nogovernmenthascontrolovertheamountofairpollutionoutatsea”,即政府无法管控海上的空气污染量，B项正确；文章第二段说“Wastefoodfromrestaurantsisn'tputintothesea”,即餐厅的食物垃圾不排海，C项错误。故选B。59.A【解析】细节理解题。文章第三段提到“Restaurantownerscomplainthatthevisitorslookaroundforafewhoursandthenreturntotheirshiptoeat”,即游客不在当地餐厅消费，而是回船上吃饭。选项A符合“returntotheirshiptoeat”的表述。60.C【解析】主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文分别从环境污染和对停靠城市的影响两个方面，阐述了游轮带来的问题。故选C。B卷一、短文填空。文章大意：科学家的一项最新研究表明孩子更喜欢听到妈妈的声音。本文解释了这一现象产生的原因。61.Scientists【解析】句意为“美国斯坦福大学的___研究了这个问题”。根据前文“Scientistshavefound...”可知此处需填写“科学家”。选项中science（科学）可转化为scientist（科学家），空格处应填写其复数形式，且位于句首，首字母大写。62.werelistening【解析】句意为“当孩子们___不同声音时，他们扫描了孩子们的大脑”。“listento”是固定搭配，意为“听”;while引导的时间状语从句常用进行时，结合主句“scanned”（一般过去时），此处用过去进行时，即werelistening。63.moreactive【解析】句意为“听到妈妈的声音会让孩子的大脑更___”。选项中active意为“活跃的，积极地”，符合语境；“much”后接比较级，active的比较级为moreactive,此处指大脑反应更活跃。64.todeal【解析】句意为“当我们听到某个声音时，我们通常只使用大脑的一部分___声音”。“dealwith”是固定搭配，意为“处理；应对”；此处用动词不定式作目的状语，即todeal。65.start【解析】句意为“但当我们听到妈妈的声音时，大脑的许多部分，包括负责奖励和情绪的部分也___工作”。“starttodosth.”意为“开始做某事”；主语“manypartsofthebrain”是复数，且时态为一般现在时（描述客观发现），因此用start。66.strongly【解析】句意为“我们为什么对妈妈的声音回应得___？”此处需填写副词修饰动词“respond”,选项中strong意为“强烈的”，符合语境，其副词形式为strongly。67.talking【解析】句意为“当孩子还在子宫里或刚出生时，他们会听到妈妈___”。“hearsb.doingsth.”意为“听到某人正在做某事”，“talk”（说话）符合语境，即听到妈妈说话，因此用talking。68.ispaid【解析】句意为“之后，当他们再次听到这个声音时，更多的注意力___它”。“payattentionto”是固定搭配，意为“注意”；此处“attention”作主语，需用被动语态，且时态为一般现在时，因此用ispaid。69.pleasure【解析】句意为“有些声音对我们的生存是必要的，或者能给我们带来___”。选项中please的名词形式pleasure意为“愉悦，快乐”,“bringsB.pleasure”意为“给某人带来愉悦”，符合语境。70.since【解析】句意为“大多数人类的声音不会以这种方式被识别，___我们经常听到它们”。此处表让步关系，“since”（尽管；因为）符合语境，引导让步状语从句，因此用since。二、补全短文。文章大意：本文主要分析了人们在梦中经常能清晰地看到某些景象或者听到别人说话，但很少记得味道。这是因为大脑皮层受到视觉和听觉的刺激较多，而很少受到味觉的刺激。71.F【解析】根据前文“astudyhasfoundthatvisualexperiencemainlycontrolsone'sdreams”及后文“Butwhydotheydifferalot?”可知，此处应描述这个研究的发现，F项“它约占85%，而听觉体验占69%，味觉体验仅占7%”符合语境。72.A【解析】前文“Twothirdsofthecerebralcortexworksinvision.”是视觉经常出现在梦中的原因。A项符合语境。73.B【解析】根据后文“Itconnectsdirectlyintothememoryandemotionalsystems.Thatiswhyasmellcanbringbackamemory.（它直接连接到记忆和情感系统。这就是为什么味道可以唤起记忆）”可知，此处在解释味觉与记忆和情感系统有关，与大脑皮层几乎没有关系。B项符合语境。74.D【解析】根据后文“Butitisnoteasytoimagineitssmell.”可知，此处从另一个方面解释味觉很少出现在梦境中的原因，D选项“另一种可能性是，也许气味不容易受到想象的影响”符合语境。75.E【解析】根据前文