2025年托福阅读高频题型集

托福阅读真题集锦（二）

PASSAGE3

TheNativeAmericansofnorthernCaliforniawerehighlyskilled

atbasketry,usingthereeds,grasses,barks,androotstheyfound

aroundthemtofashionarticlesofallsortsandsizes-notonlytrays,

containers,andcookingpots,buthats,boats,fishtraps,baby

carriers,andceremonialobjects.

Ofalltheseexperts,noneexcelledthePomo一agroupwholived

onornearthecoastduringthe1800's,andwhosedescendants

continuetoliveinpartsofthesameregiontothisday.Theymade

basketsthreefeetindiameterandothersnobiggerthanathimble.

ThePomopeopleweremastersofdecoration.Someoftheirbaskets

werecompletelycoveredwithshellpendants;otherswithfeathers

thatmadethebaskets*surfacesassoftasthebreastsofbirds.

Moreover,thePomo

peoplemadeuseofmoreweavingtechniquesthandidtheir

neighbors.Mostgroupsmadealltheirbasketworkbytwining-the

twistingofaflexiblehorizontalmaterial,calledaweft,around

stifferverticalstrandsofmaterial,thewarp.Othersdepended

primarilyoncoiling-aprocessinwhichacontinuouscoilofstiff

materialisheldinthedesiredshapewithtightwrappingof

flexiblestrands.OnlythePomopeopleusedbothprocesseswithequal

easeandfrequency.Inaddition,theymadeuseoffourdistinct

variationsonthebasictwiningprocess,oftenemploying

morethanoneoftheminasinglearticle.

Althoughawidevarietyofmaterialswasavailable,thePomo

peopleusedonlyafew.Thewarpwasalwaysmadeofwillow,andthe

mostcommonlyusedweftwassedgeroot,awoody

fiberthatcouldeasilybeseparatedintostrandsnothickerthan

athread.Forcolor,thePomopeopleusedthebarkofredbudfor

theirtwinedworkanddyedbullrushrootforblackincoiled

work.Thoughothernaterialsweresometimesused,thesefourwerethe

staplesintheirfinestbasketry.

IfthebasketrymaterialsusedbythePomopeoplewerelimited,

thedesignswereamazinglyvaried.EveryPomobasketmakerknewhowto

producefromfifteentotwentydistinctpatterns

thatcouldbecombinedinanumberofdifferentways.

1.WhatbestdistinguishedPomobasketsfrombasketsofothergroups?

(A)Therangeofsizes,shapes,anddesigns

(B)Theunusualgeonetric

(C)Theabsenceofdecoration

(D)Therarematerialsused

2.Theword“fashion"inline2isclosestinmeaningto

(A)maintain

(B)organize

(C)trade

(D)create

3.ThePomopeopleusedeachofthefollowingmaterialstodecorate

basketsEXCEPT

(A)shells

(B)feathers

(C)leaves

(D)bark

4.Whatistheauthor'smainpointinthesecondparagraph?

(A)TheneighborsofthePomopeopletriedtoimproveonthePomo

basketweavingtechniques.

(B)ThePomopeoplewerethemostskilledbasketweaversintheir

region.

(C)ThePomopeoplelearnedtheirbasketweavingtechniquesfrom

otherNativeAmericans.

(D)ThePomobasketshavebeenhandeddownforgenerations.

5.Theword〃others〃inline9refersto

(A)masters

(B)baskets

(C)pendants

(D)surfaces

6.Accordingtothepassage,aweftisa

(A)toolforseparatingsedgeroot

(B)processusedforcoloringbaskets

(C)pliablematernalwovenaroundthewarp

(D)patternusedtodecoratebaskets

7.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidthePornopeopleuseasthe

warpintheirbaskets?

(A)bullrush

(B)willow

(C)sedge

(D)redbud

8.Theword“article"inline17iscloseinmeaningto

(A)decoration

(B)shape

(C)design

(D)object

9.Accordingtothepassage.Therelationshipbetweenredbudand

twiningismostsimilartotherelationshipbetween

(A)bullrushandcoiling

(B)weftandwarp

(C)willowandfeathers

(D)sedgeandweaving

10.Theword〃staples"inline23isclosestinmeaningto

(A)combinations

(B)limitations

(C)accessories

(D)basicelements

11.Theword〃distinct"inlime26isclosestinmeaningto

(A)systematic

(B)beautiful

(C)different

(D)compatible

12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutPomobasketscanbebest

inferredfromthepassage?

(A)BasketsproducedbyotherNativeAmericanswerelessvariedin

designthanthoseofthePomopeople.

(B)BasketsproducedbyPomoweaverswereprimarilyforceremonial

purposes.

(C)Therewereaverylimitednumberofbasketmakingmaterials

availabletothePonopeople.

(D)ThebasketmakingproductionofthePomopeoplehasincreasedover

sketchinggroundsfavoredbytheAcademicians,particularlythe

AdirondacksandthemountainsofVermontandNewHampshire.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

(A)TheNationalAcademyofDesign

(B)PaintingsthatfeaturedtheHudsonRiver

(C)NorthAmericanlandscapepaintings

(D)ThetrainingofAmericanartistsinEuropeanacademies

2.Before1870,whatwasconsideredthemostrepresentativekindof

Americanpainting?

(A)Figuralpainting

(B)Landscapepainting

(C)Impressionisticpainting

(D)Historicalpainting

3.Th。word“struggle?”inline5isclosestinmeaningto

(A)connection

(B)distance

(C)communication

(D)competition

4.Theword〃monopolized"inline7isclosestinmeaningto

(A)alarmed

(B)dominated

(C)repelled

(D)pursued

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthefunctionoftheNational

AcademyofDesignforthepaintersbornbefore1835?

(A)Itmediatedconflictsbetweenartists.

(B)Itsupervisedtheincorporationofnewartistictechniques.

(C)Itd