广东梅州市梅江区梅县东山中学2026届高三下学期开学考试英语试卷（含解析）

AManycountriesareconsideringreducingspeedlimiturbanareas.FuelsavingsandreductionsinCO2emissionsarejusttwoofthereasonsFuelconsumptiondecreasesthesloweryoudrive,becausethemovingcarhovercomefewerphysicalforcessuchasbetweentyresandroad.Airresistanceincreaseswiththesquareofthespeed.Thismeansthatacarexperiences28SlowerspeedisnottheonlywayTherearethreeautomotivetipstohel1.Unevenness(不均匀)increasestheairemissions.Fouropenwindowsincreasefuelconsumptionbyupto27%.2.Petrolanddiesel(柴油)carsshouldalwaysgear:theenginethenhasasfewrevolutionsaspossible.Fuelconsumptwogearscanvarybyupto20%.3.Cartyresattherecommendedpressureensureidealdriving.Ifthetyrepressuredropsto75%pressure,fuelconsumptionincreasesby2%.Ifitdropsbyhalf,Here’sthebreakdownoffuelconsumptionimpactofdrivinghabitsandvehicleadjustmentsfromtheFederationofDanishMotorists(FDM).A．ItweakensthephysicalC．Itlightenstheweighto2．Whatwillhappenifacar’swindowsarewBInMarch2022,theEndurance—thelostvesselofthefamedpolarexplorerErnestShackleton—wasfouheadlinesaroundtheworld,notonlyfortheincredibleachievementofthesearchteam,butbecausethediscoverymarkedthefinalchapterinalegendarystoryofextraordinarycourageandperOnAugust4,1914,SirErnestShacksailontheEndurancetowardtheSouthPole,hopioverAntarctica.FromPlymouth,UK,theteamarrivedinBuenosAires,andonNovember5reachedSouthGeorgiaIsland,thelastsettenroutetoAntarctica.There,therealchallengebegan.TwGeorgiainDecember,theEnduranceencounteredfloatincompletelytrappedinTheworthyvesselheldupforninemonths,driftingdopushednorthwardbytheice.Gradually,thepressurefromtheicebuckledtheplanks.Freezingwaterrushedinandexacerbatedthesituation.OnOctoberShackletonorderedhiscrhalfaway.Weekslater,theywatchedtheEndurancesinkbeneaththeWeddellSea.Thenextfivemonths,thecrewcampedsurvivingonpenguins,seals,andseaweed.Finatoescapeinlifeboats.Forsevendays,theysaileuninhabitedElephantIsland.Butthecrewcouldnmadeadangerousattempttogethelp:hikedfor36hoursacrosstheislandtoHelpwasalmostathand,buticeandbadweatherhinderedtheirreturn.August30,1916,Shackletonfinallygotbacktoenoughtorescuetherestofhismen.Allthemembersoftheexpeditionteamsurvived,buttheEnduranceremainedlostundertheseauntilitsA．ArenownedAntarcti5．Whichofthefollowingidiomsisclosestinmeaningto“exacerbatedthesituation”6．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollA．Hisjourneylastedmor7．WhichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectrouteoftheEndurancCThesimpleactoflookingatapieceofvisualartcanboostyourwell-being,anewresearchstudyhasfound,andthisbenPreviousresearchhassuggestedthatviewingartmightinfluencbuttheresearchwaslimitedandinconsistent.Thisstudyexamineddecadesofscatteredresearch,providingforthefirsttimeaclearandcomprehensiveovervwhen,whereandwhyartviewingisusedtopromotewell-being.Thereviewof38previouslypublishedstudiescoveringatotalof6,805participantswasconductedbyteamofpsychologistsfromUniversityofVienna,TrinityCollegeDublin,andHumboldtUniversityofBerlin.IthasbeenpublishedthisweekinTheJournalof“Peopleoftenthinkofartasaluxury,butourresearchsuggeststhatviewingart,whetherasahobbyorasatargetedhealthinterventionwell-being,”saidMacKenzieTrupp,leadauthorandresearcherattheUniversityofViennaandRadboudUMC,DondersInstitute.“Byreframiaccessiblewell-beingresource,thisresearchopensupexcitingpossibilintegratingartintoeverydayenvironmentsandpublichealthstrategies.”ClaireHowlin,AssistantProfessor,SchoolofPsychology,Trinity,ad“Whilethementalhealthbenefitsofcreatingarthavebeenwidelyexplored,theimpactofviewingarthasbeenunder-researchedandundervalued.Yetvisualartispresentandaccessibleineverydayspaces—museums,gallerieshome.Understandingitseffectscanunlocknewavenuesforpromotingwell-beingthrougheverydayencounterswithart.”“Since2019theWHOhasrecommendedthatcreativeapproachesareusedalongsideroutineclinicalcare.Artcansatisfypeople’life,buildself-esteem,anddeveloppositiveidentitieswhicopingwiththechaosoflife.DepartmentsofhealthandartscouncilsacrossEuropearelookingforhighqualityevidencetoidentifywhichtypesofarteachtypeofmedicaloutcome.Thisreviewwillhelptoplanlargerscalestudiefuture.”8．What’sthemainfuB．TointroducetheguidelinesC．TostresstheprofessionalismD．Tohighlighttheconsistencyofthepr9．WhatdoestheunderDForthefirsttimeever,apowerfullaser(激光)beamfromEarthhitatargetdeepinspace.ItcouldbetImaginetryingtoaimatsomethingadistanceodistanceof10km.That’sroughlyequivalenttowhatChineseresearcachieved,usingalaserinspacetoAerospaceengineersoftheBeijing-basedAcademyofScienceshavestruckasatellitewithaninfrared(红外)laserinbroa130,000km.Thepowerfullaserbeamnavigationandcommunicationstestsatellite,whichwaslaunchedisignalwasreturnedtoEarthinlessthanasecondItisthefirsttimeeverthatengineershavemanagedtinterfereswithmeasurements.Insimilarearlierefforts,researchershadbeecollectdataforonlyshortperiodsoftime.Butbydemonstratingthatthetechnologyalsoworksinsunlight,theresearchershavenowshownthatthemethodmuchmorefrequentandaccuratemeasurThemethodcouldalsobeusedtorevolutionizecommunicationsCurrentlyweuseradiowavestosendmessagestoplacessuchacouldsendgreatlyincreasedquantitiesofdatainthThetechnologycouldpavethewayforlightning-fastcontactwithfutreportedlysenddatatoandperhapsanimportantboosttocommunicationwithfutureastronaEverywinter,theheadgardeneratClaudeMonet’sgardeninthevillageofGivernysitsdowntoapileofseedlists’fordisappointment.Avisardknowshemustgrowatleast520,000plantstorecreatethesehistoricgroundatleast10seedvarietiWhenMonetmovedtoGivernyin1883,Victorianflowers.Manyofhisfavoredvarietieshavesincegoneextinctorbeencompletelychangedaspeoplepreferbothharder(耐寒的)plantsandflThisseason,Avisardiscrazyaboutgrowclumped-flower(簇状花)cousintothegeranium(老鹳草)thatMonetplantedinseveralredandpinkbedsinfrontofhispinkhouse.“____17____”Avisardsays.“Tobringthembackwouldbearesurrection(起死回生).”Headgardenersince2016,AvisardnowleadsadozengasMonetenlisted.____18____Wetterwintersfollearliercrowdsofpests.Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificant“It’scomplicated.”saysAvisard,“____20____”HeandGiverny’sgardenersseektopleaseamanthey’venevermetbycreatingasparemindsstrangersofpaintingstheyseehanginginmuseumstheworldover.Asseedsdisappear,thetaskonlygetsharder.“WewMonetandseewhathesaw.”C．ThetouristshavetD．ThesegardenersstrugE．Monet’sgardensymbolizesF．Hisworkincludesplanting,Iaskedforawoodenbirdhousetohanginthebabirthday.Welivedinanold,_________neighborhoodwithlotsofbirds,andIwantedtowatchthemclose.Myhusbandmountedthebirdhouseontoatree,and_________.Nooneevercame. aboutwheretheylive.Morethanjustasimphouse,theyrequiretheri to-dolist:clearbushes,plantflowers,anetc.Iwantedtocrosseverythingofffromthelistovernight,buttheprogresscYetasmyto-dolistgot_________,ouryardbegantotakeshape.Birdsbevisit—thoughnone_________long.Afterreadingchildren’sbooksonbirds,Ifurtherlearnedwhichfoodsattractwhichspecies,andrealizedthatcreatihabitatcouldhelpthemfacecliWealso_________alandscapertodesignagarden.Westoppedusingpesticides,upgradedourbirdseed,andbecame__customersatbirdshops.Beforelong,ourbackyardgrewlivelywithmorewvisitors_________.Inspired,wetookstepsto_________ouryardasawildlifehabitattothercreaturesbesidesbirds.Myoncesadbackyardhasbecomeatiny_________—“littlestatepark,”asonefriendcalledit.Theoriginal_________remainsempty.However,itservesasa(n)___althoughthingsdon’talwaysgoas_________,sometimesInthehustleandbustleofmodernlife—wherepeopleoftenchaseextremesuccess,argueoveropposingviews,____36____strugglewithanancientChinesewisdomcalledthe“DoctrineoftheMean”(Zhongyong)opreciousguide.____37____(originate)fromConfucianism,thispemphasizes“moderation,”“balance,”and“harmony,”teachingpeoplextremesandseekamiddlewayContrarytothemisunderstandingthatitmeans“beingordinary”nothing,”theConfucian“Zhongyong”____38____(refer)toastateof“appropriateaction”—doingtherightthing,attherighttime,intherightway.Itwasfi____39____(systematic)clarifiedintheConfucianclassic____40____states:“Themeanisthehighestvirtue.”ForConfucians,the“meacompromisebetweentwoextremes,butaharmoniousintegrationofdifferentToday,aswefaceunprecedentedchallenges—frompersonal____41____globalconflicts—the“DoctrineoftheMean”offersatimeless____42____(solve);seekbalance,avoidextremes,andpursthatthemostsustainablehappinessdoesnotcdesire,butfromabalancedlife;the____43____(stable)relationfromblindagreementorconstantconflict,butfrommutualresthemostprosperoussocietydoesnotcomefromone-sideddevelopmentorrbutfromtheharmoniouscoexistenceofdifferentelements.The“DoctrineoftheMean”ismorethanjustanancientConfucianconcept—it’salivingwisdomthatconnectstraditionalChineseculturetomodernustoslowdowninafast-pacedworld,toli(balance)inanextremeworld.Intheend,thesignificanceofthe“DoctrineoftheMean”inmodernsocietyliesinitsabilitytohelpusfindpeacew(we),buildharmoniousrelationships,andcreateabetterworldforever（1）活动安排2）提出邀请。HopethisemailfindsyouWhenMark,asoftwareengineajointproject,hepridedhimselfonhisculturaladaptability.HehadreadtheguidebooksandevenlearnedbasicChinesegreetings.However,nothingpreforadramaticandconfusOnaFridayevening,MarkinvitedDirectorZhang,toahotpotdinnertocelebratethecompletionofaprojecwasacasualouting,MarkhadplannedtogoDutch(spfairpracticeinChicaThemealwasfantasticandtheatmospherewaswarm,filledwtoaststofuturesuccess.Asthemealwounddown,Marksignaskedhimforthebill,intendingtosplittSeeingthis,LiWeiandDirectorZhangexchangedsurprisleapedfromtheirchairs.WhatfollowedwasasceneofchaosthatgenuMark.Bothofthecolleagueswerephysicallyblockinghimfromthewaiter.Andeachofthemwastryingtopayforthedinner.“No,no,no!Mark!YouareaguestinChina.It’smytreat!”LiWeiinsisted,hishandgrabbingMark’sarmwithsurprisingstrength.AndDirectorZhang,usualquietman,shoutedloudly,“YouareinChenalreadystuffedthemoneyintothewaitMarkfeltarushofconfusionandannoyance.InAmerica,financialindependenceisavirtue,andifsomeonepaysforyou,theyseem“Stop!”Marksaid,hisvoicealittlelouderthanheintended.Thetablewentquiet.“Eachpayhisownway.OK?”Thenhethrewhicolleaguesfroze,lookingawkward.Theridehomewassilentfollowedhisownway,buthecouldn’tshakethefeeThenextday,MarkaskedLiWei,“Whywereyaggressive(强势)lastnight?” _____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weekslater,tocelebrateanotherproject’scompletion,thethree1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fuelcmovingcarhastoovercomefewerphysicalforcessu减少燃油消耗是因为它削弱了汽车必须对抗的物理力。故consumptionbyupto27%.(四个打开的窗户会使燃油消耗增加高达4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“InMarch2022,the名极地探险家欧内斯特·沙克尔顿的失事船只“坚忍号”在沉没107年后在南极洲被发现。)”，5．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Gradually,thepressurefrwaterrushedinandexacerbatedthesit进来，使情况。)”可知，木板弯曲后冰冷的水涌进来，这会让原本就糟糕的情况变得更糟。“exacerbatedthesituation”意思是“使情况恶化”。D选项“Addedfueltothefire”意思是“火上浇油，使情况更糟”，与“exacerbatedthesituation”意思相近。故选D项。ShackletonfinallygotbacktoElephantIslandwithashipbigenoughtorescue两年多。A选项“他的旅程持续了两年多”正确；根据第二段“hopingtomakethecrossingoverAntarctica(希望首次实现穿越南极大陆的陆地穿越)”可知首次穿越，B选项“他是第一个穿越南极的人”错误；根据第四段“Thenextfive上露营)”可知，是在浮冰上露营五个月，不是在大象岛，C选项“他的团队在大象岛五个月”错误；根据第四段“So,Shackletonmadeadangerousa船员一起去寻求帮助，不是派五名船员去，D选项“他派五名船员乘7．推理判断题。根据第二段“FromPlymoandonNovember5reachedSouthGeorgiaIsland,thelastsettlementoGeorgiainDecember,theEnduranceencounteredfloatingice,inpackice.(12月离开南乔治亚岛两天后，packiceasitdriftednorth,survivingonpenguins,seenoughforthemtoescapeinlifeboats.ForsetheuninhabitedElephantIsland.Butthecrewcoulfreezing,stormyseastoSouthGeorgiaIsland于是，沙克尔顿做出了一次危险的尝试去寻求救援：他带着五名船员且狂风肆虐的海面上航行了800英里，抵达了南乔治亚岛。)”可知，8．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Previousresinfluencemoodorstress,buttheresearchwaslimitedanddecadesofscatteredresearch,providingforthefirsttimeaclearandcomprehensiveoverviewofwhen,whereandwhyartviewingisusedtopromotewell-being.Thereviewof38previouslypublishedstudiescoveringatotalof6,805participantswasconductedbyteamofpsychologistsfromUniversityofVienna,TrinityCollegeDublin,andHumboldtUniversityofBerlin.IthasbeenpublishedthisweekinTheJournalofPositivePsychology.(此前的研究表明，观赏艺术可thatviewingart,whetherasahobbyorasatargetedhealthinter还是一种针对性的健康干预手段，都能切实有效地提升幸福感)”以及“Byreframingartasalow-cost,accessiblewell-beingresource,thisresearchopensupexcitingpossibilitieintegratingartintoeverydayenvironmentsandpublichealth令人振奋的新可能。)”可知，此处是将艺术的定位从“奢侈品”转变为“低成本“reframing”的含义是重新定义，与“redefining”意思相近。故选B项。10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“ClaireTrinity,added,“Whilethementalhealthbenefitsofcreatingarthavebeenwidelyexplored,theimpactofviewingarthasbeenunder-researchedandundervalued.Yetvisualartispresentandaccessibleineverydayspaces—museums,galleries,hospitals,andathome.Undeffectscanunlocknewavenuesforpromotingwell-beingthrougheverydayencounterswithart.”(都柏林圣三一学院心理学系助理教授克莱尔·豪林补充道：“尽管创新的途径，让人们在日常与艺术的接触中提升幸福感。”)”可知，克莱canboostyourwell-being,anewresearchstudyhasfound,andhospitalsettingaswellasanartgallery.(一项新的研究发简单行为，就能提升你的幸福感，而且这种益处无论是观赏艺术能够提升幸福感，因此“ArtViewingImprovesWelllunarnavigationandcommunicationstestsatellite,whichwaslaunchewasreturnedtoEarthinlessthanasecond,capChina.(这束强激光精准命中了2024年3月发射的中国月球导航与通信试验卫星“天都一号”上的反射器，信号在不到一秒的时间内传回地球，由中国西南locateandmeasureasatelwithmeasurements.(这是工程师们首次成功在如此远的距离精确地定位和测量一颗卫14．推理判断题。根据第五段中“CurrentlyMars,butlaserscouldsendgreatlyincreasedquantitiesofdatainthesametbeamfromEarthhasreportedlyhitatargetdeepinspace.Itcouspacecommunicationinthefuture.(据报道，有史以来第一次，来中国的激光技术为深空通信带来了飞跃。因此选项D“China’sLaser:ALeapfCommunication(中国的激光：深空通信的一大飞跃)【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了莫奈花园首席园丁Avisard为重现莫奈花园历史原貌，disappear(但每年他上一季挑选的至少10种种子品种会消失)”以及下文“Manyovarietieshavesincegoneextinctorbeencompletelychangedaspeoplepre的)plantsandflowerswithever-increasin种而灭绝或被改变。B项“Aswithfasclumped-flower(簇状花)cousintothegeranium(老鹳草)tseveralredandpinkbedsinfrontofhispinkhouse(这个季节，Avisard热衷于种植一种更高的天竺葵，这种簇状花是老鹳草的近亲，莫奈曾在他粉色房子前的表示把它们带回来堪称起死回生，可推理出这种天竺葵现在很难买到，与A项“Youthemanywhere(你在任何地方都买不到它们)18．根据前文“Wetterwintersfollowedbyhaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchalle“Thesegardenersstrugglewithawildlychangingecosystem(这些园丁与剧烈变化的生态系统作斗争)”作为过渡句，点明园丁们面临的核心难题是生态系统的剧烈变化D项。19．根据前文“Inaddition,themanagementoftourists管理也带来了重大挑战)”可知，前文提出游客管理也带来了重大挑战，G项“Nearly800,20．根据前文““It’scomplicatGiverny’sgardenersseektopleaseamanthey’venevermthatitremindsstrangersofpaintingstheyseehanginginmuseumstheworldover(他和吉维尼的明园丁们的目标是打造辨识度高的空间，让游客联想到博物馆里的莫touristshavetofeelliketheyareinMonet’spaintings(游客们必须感觉他们置身于莫近距离观察它们。A.heavily-treed树木繁茂的；B.brightly-paintedB.confused困惑的；C.picky挑剔的；D.excited兴奋的。根bushes,plantflowers,andsetupabirdfeederetc”中作者改造院子的做法可知，鸟类需要适宜待办清单：清理灌木丛、种花、安装喂鸟器等等。A.common普通的；B.effortless轻松的；tocrosseverythingofffromthelistovernight”可知，这份清单的内容很多初具雏形。A.busier更忙碌的；B.shorter更短据前文“Iwantedtocrosseverythingofffromthelistovernight,buttheprogresswhichspecies,andrealizedthatcreatingabird-friendlyhabitatcouldhe得起的。根据前文作者改造院子吸引鸟类的做法以及后文“customersatbirdout用完。根据前文院子改造完成以及“ourbackyardgrewlivelywithmorewingedv建立、设立。根据后文“awildlifehabitat”以及语境可知，作者是把院子改造建成了栖息地。循环；D.court庭院。根据前文“ourbackyardgrewlivelywithmorewingedvis时结果会更好。A.reminder提醒物；B.concern担忧；C.bless据后文“althoughthingsdon’talwaysgoas,时结果会更好。A.created创造；B.noticed注意到；C.plan据上文“Theoriginalremainsempty”可知，这里指鸟屋并不如预期一样有鸟宝贵的指导。本空连接三个并列的谓语部分c家的“中庸”指的是一种“适当行动”的状态——在正确的时间，以正确的方式做正确的事情。referto“指的是”。本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语theConfucian“Zhongyong”为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也用单数形式。故填ref共存。根据上文“themostsustainablehappiness”可知，此处用形容词最高级形式m在极端的世界中保持平衡。teachsb.todosth.表示“教导某人做某事”，此处和toslowdown，tolisten为并列关系，用动词balance“平衡”的不定式形式，作宾补。故填tobaHopethisemailfindsyouwell!I’mLiHua,oneofyourstudentsi