2024-2025学年度辽宁建筑职业学院单招《英语》真题完整版附答案详解

辽宁建筑职业学院单招《英语》真题考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、Nodecision（）aboutthatmatteryet.Wearestillconsideringit.A.hasbeenmadeB.hasmadeC.willbemadeD.willmake答案:A解析:这道题考查现在完成时的被动语态。在英语语法中，“decision”与“make”是被动关系，要用被动语态。“yet”常与现在完成时连用。A选项“hasbeenmade”是现在完成时的被动语态，符合题意。B选项是主动语态，C选项是将来时的被动语态，D选项是将来时的主动语态，均不符合句子语境和语法要求。2、Theteacheragreed（）lessonstohisstudents.A.giveB.thathegiveC.togiveD.thathewillgive答案:C解析:这道题考查“agree”的用法。“agreetodosth.”是固定搭配，表示“同意做某事”。A选项“give”形式错误；B选项“thathegive”结构不正确；D选项“thathewillgive”时态和结构均不符合。C选项“togive”符合“agreetodosth.”的用法，所以应选C。3、Thefoolishboyknows（）buteating.A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing答案:D解析:这道题考查不定代词的用法。在英语中，“nothingbut”是固定搭配，表示“仅仅，只”。根据句意，这个愚蠢的男孩只知道吃。A选项“everything”表示所有事物；B选项“anything”常用于否定句和疑问句；C选项“something”表示某些事物。综合句意和固定搭配，应选D选项“nothing”。4、Students（）abackgroundinchemistrywillprobablyfindthecourseeasier.A.ofB.withC.againstD.in答案:B解析:这道题考查介词的用法。在英语中，“withabackgroundin...”表示“有......背景”。学生如果有化学背景，可能会觉得这门课程更容易。选项A“of”通常表示所属关系；选项C“against”表示反对、对抗；选项D“in”用于表示在某个方面。综合来看，“with”最符合句子意思，所以答案选B。5、Foshanisnotfar_________Guangzhou.A.awayB.nearC.toD.from答案:D解析:这道题考查固定短语搭配。在英语中，“farfrom”表示“离……远”，是常见的固定表达。Foshan（佛山）和Guangzhou（广州）之间的距离描述要用“farfrom”。A选项“away”常与“far”连用，但其后不接地点；B选项“near”表示“在……附近”；C选项“to”一般不与“far”搭配。所以答案选D。6、Aspricesandbuildingcostskeeprising,the“do-it-yourself”(DIY)trendintheU.S.continuestogrow.

“Weneededfurnitureforourlivingroom,”saysJohnRoss,“andwejustdidn'thaveenoughmoneytobuyit.Sowedecidedtotrymakingafewtablesandchairs.”Johngotmarriedsixmonthsago,andlikemanyyoungpeoplethesedays,theyarestrugglingtomakeahomeatatimewhenthecostoflivingisveryhigh.TheRossestooka2-weekcoursefor$$280atanightschool.Nowtheybuildalltheirfurnitureandmakerepairsaroundthehouse.

JimHatfieldhasthreeboysandhiswifedied.Hehasafull-timejobathomeaswellasinashoemakingfactory.Lastmonth,hereceivedacarrepairbillfor$$420.“Iwasdeeplyupsetaboutit.NowI'vefinishedacarrepaircourse,Ishouldbeabletofixthecarbymyself.”

JohnandJimarenotunusualpeople.Mostfamiliesinthecountryaredoingeverythingtheycantosavemoneysotheycanfightthehighcostofliving.Ifyouwanttobecomea“do-ityouself”,youcangotoDIYclasses.Andforthosewhodon'thavetimetotakeacourse,therearebooksthattellyouhowyoucandothingsyourself.

JimHatfielddecidedtobecomeado-it-yourselferwhen_A.his

car

repairs

cost

too

muchB.the

car

repair

class

was

not

helpfulC.he

could

not

possibly

do

two

jobsD.he

had

to

raise

the

children

all

by

himself答案:A解析:根据文章内容，JimHatfield因为收到了一张420美元的汽车修理账单而感到非常沮丧，随后他决定完成一个汽车修理课程，以便能够自己修理汽车。这表明他是因为汽车修理费用过高而选择成为DIY爱好者，以节省这部分开支。7、A:Hello,I'mthereporterfromtheschoolnewspaper.Iknowyouaregoingtoleaveschool.(1)B:Yes,please.A:Howdoyoufeelnow?B:Excitedandabitsad.A:(2)B:Beforeleavingschool,I'mgoingtotakesomephotoswithmyteachersandclassmates.A:(3)B:I'mgoingtobeascientist,soI'llkeepworkinghardtomakemydreamcometrue.A:Whatwouldyouliketosaytoyourteachersandclassmates?B:I'dliketosay“Thanks”tothemforhelpingmealot.(4)A:(5)B:Youarewelcome.

第（2）空填（）A.Also,Ihopemyschoolwillbebetter.B.Whatareyougoingtodobeforeleavingschool?C.MayIaskyousomequestions?D.Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?答案:B解析:在对话中，A问B在离开学校前打算做什么，这是为了了解B离校前的计划或活动。选项B“Whatareyougoingtodobeforeleavingschool?”直接对应了这个问题的内容，是合适的填空选项。其他选项与对话的上下文不符，不能正确回答A的问题。8、Berthopestobecomeasystemanalysthimselfwhenhehasgainedmore（）.A.experiencesB.experiencedC.experiencingD.experience答案:D解析:这道题考查名词的用法。“experience”作“经验”讲时是不可数名词，A选项“experiences”表示“经历”；B选项“experienced”是形容词“有经验的”；C选项“experiencing”是动词形式。根据句意，Bert希望获得更多“经验”，这里需要名词，且不可数，所以选D选项“experience”。9、Thetemperatureofyourbodyshouldbealwaysjustthesame,nomatterwhethertheweatherishotorcold.Thatiswhythedoctoruseshisthermometerwhenyouaresick.

Thebodykeepsthesametemperatureallthetime,becauseitbalancestheheatitproducesanditgivesoff.Itisalwaysburningupfoodandproducingheat.Itcanproduceheatfasterwhenitneedstogiveoffheatthanwhenitbecomestoowarm.Let'sseehowthishappens.

Theheatofyourbodyisgivenoffmainlythroughtheskin.Whenyouarecold,yourskinistightandshows“goodflesh”.Whenyougetchilly,youmustdancearoundtokeepwarmorelseyouwillshiver(颤抖).Thenyourmusclesbegintowork,burnupfuel,andproducemoreheat.Itisnotpleasanttoshiver,soyouusuallyprefertowarmupbyexercise,orputonmoreclothestokeepheatin.

Whenyouarewarm,theskinislooseandsoft.Itissosuppliedwithbloodthatheatisgivenoffrapidly.Ifyougettoowarm,youbegintosweat,andmorebodyheatisusedinevaporating(蒸发)themoisture(湿气)fromyourskin.Youwearlessclothing,too,inwarmweatherawarmroom,sothatwarmcanbegivenofffreely.Youfeellesslikeexercisingbecauseyourbodyiswarmalready,andtheextraheatproducedbyexercisemakesyouuncomfortable.

Youcanseefromthewayyoufeeldifferentlyindifferentkindsofweather.Insummer,whenitiswarm,youfeeltiredandlazy.Youdonotcaretoworkorplay,butenjoylyinganddoingnothing.Whenyougetoutofdoorsinwinter,thecoldairmakesyoufeellively.Youwanttoplay.

Whenonegetstoowarm,hebeginstosweatinorderto___.A.evaporate

the

moistureB.make

the

skin

soft

and

looseC.give

off

heat

quicklyD.get

the

blood

to

move

faster答案:C解析:当人体感到过热时，会开始出汗。出汗的目的是通过汗液的蒸发来带走体表的热量，从而实现快速散热，维持体温的平衡。这一过程中，汗液的蒸发是关键，而蒸发本身是为了快速散发热量。因此，选项C“giveoffheatquickly（快速散热）”是正确的描述。10、Americaisamobilesociety.FriendshipsbetweenAmericanscanbecloseandreal,yetdisappearsoonifsituationschange.Neithersidefeelshurtbythis.BothmayexchangeChristmasgreetingsforayearortwo,perhapsafewlettersforawhile—thennomore.Ifthesametwopeoplemeetagainbychance,evenyearslater,theypickupthefriendship.

ThiscanbequitedifficultforusChinesetounderstand,becausefriendshipsbetweenusflowermoreslowlybutthenmaybecomelifelongfeelings，extending(延伸)sometimesdeeplyintobothfamilies.

Americansarereadytoreceiveusforeignersattheirhomes,sharetheirholidays,andtheirhomelife.Theywillenjoywelcomingusandbepleasedifweaccepttheirhospitality(好客)easily.

AnotherdifficultpointforusChinesetounderstandAmericansisthatalthoughtheyincludeuswarmlyintheirpersonaleverydaylives,theydon'tshowtheirpolitenesstousifitrequiresagreatdealoftime.Thisisusuallytheoppositeofthepracticeinourcountrywherewemaybegenerouswithourtime.Sometimes,we,ashosts,willappearatairportseveninthemiddleofthenighttomeetafriend.Wemaytakedaysofftoactasguidestoourforeignfriends.TheAmericans,however,expresstheirwelcomeusuallyathomes,buttrulycannotmanagethetimetodoagreatdealwithavisitoroutsidetheirdailyroutine.Theywillprobablyexpectustogetourselvesfromtheairporttoourownhotelbybus.Andtheyexpectthatwewillphonethemfromthere.Oncewearriveattheirhomes,thewelcomewillbefull,warmandreal.Wewillfindourselvestreatedhospitably.

FortheAmericans,itisoftenconsideredmorefriendlytoinviteafriendtotheirhomesthantogotorestaurants,exceptforpurelybusinessmatters,Soaccepttheirhospitalityathome!

From

the

last

two

paragraphs

we

can

learn

that

when

we

arrive

in

America

to

visitan

American

friend,we

will

probably

be

__.A.warmly

welcomed

at

the

airportB.offered

a

ride

to

his

homeC.treated

hospitably

at

his

homeD.treated

to

dinner

in

a

restaurant答案:C解析:根据文章描述，美国人虽然热情好客，但他们的款待通常限于家中，而不愿意在日常生活中花费大量时间款待客人。因此，当中国人访问美国朋友时，虽然可能会在机场受到简单的迎接，但更常见的是需要自行前往酒店。然而，一旦到达朋友家中，他们会受到热情而真实的款待。这表明，在美国朋友家中，访问者会得到周到的照顾和热情的接待，与选项C“在他家中受到热情款待”相符。11、Mrs.Turneriswashingthe（）ofhersittingroom.A.groundB.topC.floorD.land答案:C解析:这道题考查词汇含义。在英语中，“washthefloor”表示“洗地板”，是常见的固定搭配。“ground”常指地面、场地；“top”是顶部；“land”指陆地。结合语境，正在洗的应是客厅的“地板”，所以答案选C。12、TheUniversityofTokyoistheoldestuniversityinJapanandhasalwaysbeenintheleadwhenitcomestofacingnewchallenges.Withits10departments,15graduateschools,and11researchinstitutes,ithasbeenaguidingforceinresearchandeducationineveryfield.

TheUniversityofTokyo'srecordindevelopingimportanthumanresourcesforJapanesesocietyiswellknown,butnow,withthehundredsofexchangeagreementsmade,theuniversityhasformedwithoverseasuniversities,anditisplayinganimportantroleintheinternationalacademiccommunityaswell.Specifically,theroleitplaysinvariousinter-universityorganizationswithinAsiahasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinrecentyears.Morethan2000internationalstudents,beyond10percentoftheentirestudentbody,arecurrentlystudyingintheUniversity'sgraduateschools.

TheUniversityofTokyobecameanindependentcorporationinApril2004.Therealimportanceofthisshiftisthattheuniversitynowhasanewstructurethatwillenableittouseitsresourcesmoreefficientlythanbefore.Theimportantpositionthatuniversitieshaveinthedevelopmentofsocialandeconomicfieldsinthe21stcenturyisalreadywellunderstoodaroundtheworld.Theexpectationspeoplenowholdforuniversitiesandtheincreasinglystrictstandardsagainstwhichtheywillbeevaluated(评估)aresimplytwosidesofthesamecoin.TheUniversityofTokyoiswellawareofthecurrentenvironmentandhasbeguntotakethenecessarystepstochangeitselfintoanewuniversityforanewcentury.

AllthefollowingcandescribetheUniversityofTokyoexcept_A.oldB.advancedC.internationalD.largestinJapan答案:D解析:东京大学被描述为日本最古老的大学，并且在面对新的挑战时总是领先，这支持了选项A“old”和B“advanced”的描述。同时，文中提到东京大学与海外大学有广泛的交流，并在国际学术界扮演重要角色，这符合选项C“international”的表述。然而，文章中没有提及东京大学是日本最大的大学，因此选项D“largestinJapan”并不能用来描述东京大学。13、从下列选项中找出其括号部分与所给单词括号部分读音相同的选项。（）funn(y)A.dr(y)B.pit(y)C.awa(y)D.bu(y)答案:B解析:这道题考查单词中字母“y”的读音。在单词“funny”中“y”读音为[i]。选项A“dry”中“y”读音为[aɪ]；选项B“pity”中“y”读音为[i]；选项C“away”中“y”不发音；选项D“buy”中“y”读音为[aɪ]。所以答案是B。14、Thehouseinwhichtheyliveis（）thantheoldonetheylivedin.A.afewbiggerB.slightlybiggerC.abitofbiggerD.slightlybig答案:B解析:这道题考查形容词比较级的用法。在英语中，“bigger”是“big”的比较级形式。“afew”修饰可数名词复数，不能修饰比较级；“abitof”后接名词，不能接比较级；“slightly”可修饰比较级，表示“稍微，略微”。所以综合来看，“slightlybigger”符合语法和语义，答案选B。15、—（）arethey?—Myparents.A.HowB.WhoC.WhereD.What答案:B解析:这道题考查特殊疑问词的用法。在英语中，How用于询问方式，Where用于询问地点，What用于询问事物。而Who用于询问人。根据回答“Myparents.”可知是在问人，所以应该选择Who。16、Wehavetotaketemperatures,wearmasks,washhandsoftenanddon'tgoout（）it'snecessaryduringthespecialperiod.A.ifB.thoughC.unlessD.whether答案:C解析:这道题考查连词的用法。在特殊时期，“Wehavetotaketemperatures,wearmasks,washhandsoftenanddon'tgoout”（我们必须量体温、戴口罩、勤洗手并且不出门），而“unless”有“除非”的意思。根据句意，除非有必要，否则不出门，C选项符合。A选项“if”表示“如果”；B选项“though”表示“尽管”；D选项“whether”表示“是否”，均不符合句意。17、—Whathappenedoverthere?—Theyargued________thewaiter________thepriceofthemeal.A.to；forB.against；overC.for；atD.with；about答案:D解析:这道题考查与“argue”搭配的介词用法。“arguewithsb.aboutsth.”是固定搭配，表示“与某人争论某事”。在题中，“Theyarguedwiththewaiteraboutthepriceofthemeal.”意思是“他们和服务员就饭菜价格争论”。A选项“to；for”、B选项“against；over”、C选项“for；at”均不符合此搭配，所以选D。18、—Mr.LihasneverbeentoCanada,hashe?

—________.Hewentthereonbusinesslastweek.A.No，hehasn’t.B.Yes，hehas.C.No，hehas.D.Yes，hehasn’t.答案:B解析:这道题考查反意疑问句的回答。在英语中，回答反意疑问句要根据实际情况。李先生上周因工作去了加拿大，说明他去过，所以要用Yes,hehas.表示“不，他去过”。A选项No,hehasn’t表示“是的，他没去过”，不符合实际情况。C、D选项的表述本身是错误的。19、Itwillbe________totravelbyplanethanbytrain．A.cheaperB.fasterC.betterD.easier答案:B解析:这道题考查对不同交通方式特点的理解。坐飞机和坐火车相比，速度通常是一个显著差异。在实际情况中，飞机的速度一般远快于火车。A选项“cheaper”指更便宜，C选项“better”指更好，D选项“easier”指更容易，都不符合速度方面的比较，所以答案选B“faster”。20、Theyarenot（）but（）.A.Englishmen;GermansB.Englishmen;GermenC.Englishmans;GermansD.Englishmans;Germen答案:A解析:这道题考查名词复数形式。在英语中，“Englishman”的复数是“Englishmen”，“German”的复数是“Germans”。根据这一知识点，A选项“Englishmen;Germans”符合复数的正确形式，B选项“Germen”错误，C选项“Englishmans”错误，D选项“Englishmans”和“Germen”均错误，所以答案选A。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、[未知题型(5)]句子改写，将两个简单句合并成一个含不定式且意思基本相同的简单句。Heisveryrich．Hecanbuythesethings．答案:Heisrichenoughtobuythesethings．2、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。TheA(Englishman)speaksChineseB(as)thoughheC(is)aD(Chinese)．答案:C，were3、[未知题型(5)]（改写句子，句意不变，每空只填一个词）

Shedidn'tgothereforthepicnicwiththembecauseshewasill．Herillness（）herfrom（）theminthepicnic．答案:prevented/stopped;joining4、[未知题型(5)]用所给的动词的适当形式填空You'dbetter（

）(notlook)outofthewindowinclass．答案:notlook5、[未知题型(5)]（改写句子，句意不变，每空只填一个词）Youmustn'tsmokehereintheconcerthall．Smoking（）not（）hereintheconcerthall．答案:is;yallowed6、[未知题型(5)]（改写句子，句意不变，每