辽宁省朝阳市2022-2023学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题

2/2辽宁省朝阳市2022-2023学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解MostathleteswhoearnachancetocompeteattheOlympicsdonotgohomewithmedals.Here,someofthemsharehowtheygetthroughtheirdisappointments.MoritzMullerSport:IcehockeyCountry:Germany“Ihavelearnedthroughtheyearsthatsetbacks(挫折)areapartoflifeandthateveryonehasthemandthatthemostsuccessfulpeoplearetheoneswhohavehadthebiggestsetbacks,”Mullersays.“Mybiggesttrickisnottotakemyselftooseriously.”LewisGibsonSport:IcedancingCountry:TheUnitedKingdomGibsonsaysthatpositiveattitudehasbeenthekeytohelphimthroughdisappointments.“IhavelearnedtheimportanceofreplacinganydoubtsImightbefeelingwithbeliefinmyself,”hesays.“Youfillyourheadwiththoughtsandit’sverypowerful.You’reyourownbiggestinfluence.”AdrianDiazSport:IcedancingCountry:SpainAfterfailingtomaketotheOlympicsfouryearsago,AdrianDiazworkedoncommunicatingmorepositivelywithhisdancingpartnersotherewouldn’tbeanytensionontheice.“Whetherit’sateammate,friendorfamilymember,improvingcommunicationtakestimeandpatience.Butbreakthroughsdocome,”hesays.“Ittookfiveyearsforustofullyunderstandwhatwehadtodo.Notjustforskatingandtrainingbutforlife.”KarenChenSport:FigureskatingCountry:TheUnitedStates“Athletesaren’talwaysopenaboutallofthechallengestheyovercometocompeteinfrontoftheworldattheOlympics,”saysChen.“Ididn’tevertalkaboutthem.Beforetheteamevent,Iactuallyfelldownstairsandhurtmylegs.ButIfoughtthroughwithallthestrengthIhadandwentthroughthischallenge.”1．WhereisLewisGibsonfrom?A．Spain. B．TheUS. C．Germany. D．TheUK.2．HowdoesKarenChendealwithherproblems?A．Bymakingfunofthem. B．Bykeepingthemtoherself.C．Byseekingsupportfromfriends. D．Bythinkingpositivelyaboutthem.3．Whostressestheimportanceofpositivecommunication?A．AdrianDiaz. B．MoritzMuller. C．LewisGibson. D．KarenChen.【答案】1．D2．B3．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几位运动员是如何面对失利的。1．细节理解题。根据LewisGibson部分中“Country:TheUnitedKingdom(国家：英国)”可知，LewisGibson来自英国。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据KarenChen部分中“Ididn’tevertalkaboutthem.(我从来没有谈论过它们)”可知，KarenChen更愿意自己一个人默默忍受。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据AdrianDiaz部分中““Whetherit’sateammate,friendorfamilymember,improvingcommunicationtakestimeandpatience.Butbreakthroughsdocome,”hesays.(他说：“无论是队友、朋友还是家人，改善沟通都需要时间和耐心。但突破终将到来。”)”可知，AdrianDiaz在遇到麻烦时非常注重正面沟通。故选A。Ididacrazythinglastweekend.Isignedmyfamilyupforasix-milehikeoutintheYunmengMountainsinHuairouDistrict,Beijing.EversincewearrivedinBeijingtwoyearsago,myfamilyhasneverwalkedaroundinanyBeijingparkforlongerthantwomiles.IhadsigneduponBeijingHikers’hikeseveraltimesbefore,buthadalwaysbackedoutatthelastminutebecauseofmysonandhusband’sprotest.Thistime,Iwasnotgettingoutofit!WhenwewokeupearlyonSaturdaymorning,itwasrainingcatsanddogs.Myhusbandturnedtomeandsaid,“Perfecthikingweather!”But,Iwasn’tbackingdown.Iftheotherhikersthoughtthattheweatherwassafeforhiking,thenweweregoing!Ididnotregretevenwhenourtourbusdroverightintotheheavyrain.Luckily,therainstoppedbeforeweenteredthemountains.ForthehikeIhadpackedvarioussnacks.Whenonetreatstoppedprovidingmotivationformy6-year-oldsontoputonefootinfrontoftheother,Iwouldturntoanothertokeephimmoving.AfterIranoutofsnacks,theguidecleverlyaskedhimtolookoutfortheredribbons(丝带)thattheBeijingHikersusetomarkthetrail,andallowedhimtocollectthemforher.Thistrickhelpedkeephimmovingforthefirstfivemilesofthewell-keptroadalongtheWhiteRiver.However,thelastmilewasalmostvertical(垂直的).Whilethekidhadbeenmovinglikeasnailformostofthewalkingpart,hebecameamountaingoatwhenitcametotheverticalclimb.Heactuallyledthegroupalongsidetheguide,leavingmeandmyhusbandfarbehind!Wecouldn’tevenseehimthroughthetrees,andcouldonlyhearhismerryvoicecarriedbythewind.JustthenIturnedtomyhusbandandaskedwhetherwewoulddoitagain.Hereplied,“ImightfeelmuchbetterifIwerelyinginbeddreamingaboutthishiking.”4．Whatwastheweatherlikeearlyinthemorning?A．Rainy. B．Cloudy. C．Sunny. D．Windy.5．Whichworkedthebesttoencouragethelittlechild?A．Thesnacks. B．Theblueribbons.C．Theeasyhike. D．Thedifficultclimb.6．Whatdidtheauthor’shusbandimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Helovedhikingintherain. B．Hewastoosleepytowalk.C．Hepreferredstayingathome. D．Hedidn’thavethefinalsay.7．Whatcanweknowabouttheauthoraccordingtothetext?A．Sheisromantic. B．Sheisdetermined.C．Sheishumorous. D．Sheisgoodatscheduling.【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家三口在北京爬云梦山的故事。4．细节理解题。根据第三段“WhenwewokeupearlyonSaturdaymorning,itwasrainingcatsanddogs.(星期六早上，当我们早早醒来时，雨下得很大。)”及第四段“Ididnotregretevenwhenourtourbusdroverightintotheheavyrain.(即使我们的旅游巴士在大雨中行驶，我也毫不后悔。)”可知，当时正下着瓢泼大雨。故选A。5．推理判断题。根据第五段“Whilethekidhadbeenmovinglikeasnailformostofthewalkingpart,hebecameamountaingoatwhenitcametotheverticalclimb.Heactuallyledthegroupalongsidetheguide,leavingmeandmyhusbandfarbehind!Wecouldn’tevenseehimthroughthetrees,andcouldonlyhearhismerryvoicecarriedbythewind.(虽然这个孩子在行走的大部分时间里都像蜗牛一样移动，但在垂直攀爬时，他变成了一只山羊。事实上，他和导游一起带领团队，把我和我丈夫远远甩在了后面！我们甚至无法透过树林看到他，只能听到风吹过他欢快的声音。)”可知，小家伙感到最刺激的是那陡峭的山路。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ImightfeelmuchbetterifIwerelyinginbeddreamingaboutthishiking.(如果我躺在床上梦想这次徒步旅行，我可能会感觉好多了。)”可推断，他更愿意宅在家中。故选C。7．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段“IhadsigneduponBeijingHikers’hikeseveraltimesbefore,buthadalwaysbackedoutatthelastminutebecauseofmysonandhusband’sprotest.Thistime,Iwasnotgettingoutofit!(我之前曾多次报名参加北京徒步旅行，但由于儿子和丈夫的抗议，我总是在最后一刻退出。这一次，我没有放弃！)”可知，作者的丈夫、儿子都对远足并不感兴趣，作者却是三番五次地安排，最后遇上大雨也不让步。由此可推断，她是一个意志坚定的人。故选B。It’slateatnight,theweatherisbad,andyou’rehungry.Yourfavoriterestaurantisamileaway,butyoudon’twanttoleavethehouse,andyoudon’twanttopaya$5deliveryfeeandatipfora$10meal.So,whatcanyoudo?Backintheolddays,youwouldhavetogointherainorlearnedtoplanahead.Butthosedaysarecomingtoanend,atleastinWashingtonDC．About20knee-highrobotsrecentlyhaveappearedonthesidewalksofthenation’scapital,andthey’reouttobringtakeoutfoodfromrestaurantstohungrycustomersathome—whilekeepingthedeliverycosttojustadollar.Eachoftherobotsseemslikeaboxonsixwheels,anddrivesatanaveragespeedof4milesperhour.Ithaslightsandatallandbrightorangeflagtomakeitmorenoticeableonthesidewalk.Therobotreliesonartificialintelligencetechnologythatdrawsinputfromninecameras,GPSandsensors.Thecamerasrecognizealot—includingtrafficlights,crosswalksandstopsigns.Ifarobotfindsitselfinasituationitdoesn’tunderstand,allthemachinehastodoissendacallforhelp.Thenahumanoperatorinaremotecontrolcentercanlookthroughthecamerasandfigureoutthebestactiontotake.Thatcameraalsoprovidessecurity.Ifsomeonetriestostealtherobot,forexample,thecamerascanphotographthethief.Law-makersinWashingtonDC,Virginia,FloridaandIdahohavealreadystartedtomakesuchself-drivingrobotslegalonthesidewalks.Otherstateshavealsoexpressedinterest.“Robotslikethesewillcompletedeliveriesthatnormallywouldn’thavebeenplacedwiththehuman-baseddeliveryoptionsofthepast,”oneofthelaw-makerssays,“Butwehavetobesurethattheyarenotgoingtoputpeopleoutofjobs.”8．Howmuchshouldyoupayfora$10mealdeliveredbyrobots?A．$10. B．$1l. C．$15. D．$17.9．Whichparagraphmainlyfocusesontherobots’appearances?A．Paragraph3. B．Paragraph4.C．Paragraph5. D．Paragraph6.10．Whatarethelaw-makersworriedabout?A．Therobots’reliability. B．Thesafetyofthepassers-by.C．Thehighdeliverycosts. D．Thepossibleunemployment.11．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Technology. B．Advertisement.C．Law. D．Politics.【答案】8．B9．C10．D11．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近出现在华盛顿特区街头的智能“快递小哥”。8．细节理解题。根据第四段“whilekeepingthedeliverycosttojustadollar.(同时把送货成本控制在一美元左右。)”可知，机器人送餐10美元，顾客只要支付10+1=11美金。故选B。9．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Eachoftherobotsseemslikeaboxonsixwheels,anddrivesatanaveragespeedof4milesperhour.Ithaslightsandatallandbrightorangeflagtomakeitmorenoticeableonthesidewalk.(每个机器人看起来都像一个装有六个轮子的盒子，以每小时4英里的平均速度行驶。它有灯和一个高而明亮的橙色旗帜，使它在人行道上更引人注目。)”可知，第5段主要讲的是机器人的外观。故选C。10．细节理解题。根据最后一段“oneofthelaw-makerssays,“Butwehavetobesurethattheyarenotgoingtoputpeopleoutofjobs.”(一位立法者说：“但我们必须确保它们不会让人们失业。”)”可知，立法者担心的是送餐机器人可能带来的失业冲击。故选D。11．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了出现在华盛顿特区街头的智能送餐机器人。因此很可能会出现在“科技”版面。故选A。Youdon’tneedtobeanexperttorecognizelunamoths(蚕蛾).Theyhavehairywhitebodies,redlegsandhugegreenwingsthatstretchupto4.5inchesacross.Andattheendoftheirwingsareapairoflongtailsthathaveattractedscientistsforcenturies.Someofthemtheorizedthatitwaspossiblethatfemalemothsjudgedthehealthandqualityofamalebythesizeofhistails.Butitturnedoutthatfemalemothswerenotchoosyatall.Theyjustmatewiththefirstmalestheycouldfind.Othersbelievedthatthetailscouldincreaselunamoths’sizetomakethemharderforthebats-themainenemyoflunamoths—tohandle.Butthetheoryprovedwrongin1903whenascientistnamedArchibaldWeeksputbatsagainstabiggerspeciesofmothsthatlackedtails.Hefoundthatthebatskilled66%oftheirtargets.Lunamoths,despitebeingsmaller,werehardertocatch.“Clearly,theirtailsprovidedananti-batadvantage,”Weeksobserved.“Ithinktheywereusedtodirectbatsawayfromthemoths’body.”Hewasroughlyright.Morethanacenturylater,JesseBarberfromBoiseStateUniversityputlunamothsagainstbatsinadarkroomandfilmedthehunting.Undernormalcircumstances,thebatsonlymanagedtocatch35%ofthelunamoths.ButifBarbercutofftheirtailsbeforehand,thebatscaught81%ofthem.Thatwasnotbecausethemothsbecameworsefliers—infact,cuttingthetroublesometailsseemedtohaveimprovedtheirflyingabilities.Barberexplainedthatbatswerenotvisualhunters.Theyfoundtheirfoodwithaspecialsound.Tobeprotectedfrombats,lunamothsneededsomethingthatmadeconfusingsounds.Thatwaswhatthelunamoths’tailsdid:Astheyflew,theywavedbehindthemandproducedsoundsthatweresimilartotheirwingbeats.Tobats,theyeithersoundedlikeahugepartoftheirtarget,orlikeanentirelydifferenttarget.Asaresult,theyaimedabouthalftheirattacksatthetails.12．WhatisArehibaldWeeks’importantcontribution?A．Hefoundthatbatsarethemainenemyoflunamoths.B．Hetheorizedthatlunamothsusetheirtailstoconfusebats.C．HeprovedthatJunamoths’sizeisimportantfortheirsurvival.D．Heobservedthatfemalemothsprefermalemothswithlongertails.13．WhatcanbelearnedaboutbatsfromJesseBarber’sconclusion?A．Theyarenotvisualhunters.B．Theyusuallyhuntintheday.C．Theylikebiggerspeciesofmoths.D．Theycanflyfurtherthanlunamoths.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Bats. B．Wings. C．Lunamoths. D．Tailbeats.15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．WhoIsRightAboutLunaMoths’Tails,BarberorWeeks?B．HowDoBatsUseTheirSpecialSoundstoSearchforFood?C．WhyDoLunaMothsHaveSuchTroublesomeLongTails?D．WhatAretheDisadvantagesforLunaMothstoHaveLongTails?【答案】12．B13．A14．D15．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了蚕蛾为什么会长出长尾巴。12．推理判断题。根据第二段““Clearly,theirtailsprovidedananti-batadvantage,”Weeksobserved.“Ithinktheywereusedtodirectbatsawayfromthemoths’body.”(Weeks观察到：“显然，它们的尾巴提供了反蝙蝠的优势，我认为它们被用来引导蝙蝠离开蚕蛾的身体。)”可知，ArehibaldWeeks提出：蚕蛾用尾巴迷惑蝙蝠，引导蝙蝠远离自己，故选B。13．细节理解题。根据第四段“Barberexplainedthatbatswerenotvisualhunters.(Barber解释说，蝙蝠不是视觉猎人。)”可知，JesseBarber总结：蝙蝠不是视觉猎人。故选A。14．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Thatwaswhatthelunamoths’tailsdid:Astheyflew,theywavedbehindthemandproducedsoundsthatweresimilartotheirwingbeats.(那就是蚕蛾的尾巴所做的：当它们飞时，尾巴在它们身后挥舞，并发出类似于它们翅膀拍打的声音。)”可知，此处描述蚕蛾飞时，尾巴产生的声音。上下文内容一致，故推知they指代Tailbeats，表示“尾巴拍打的声音”。故选D。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Youdon’tneedtobeanexperttorecognizelunamoths(蚕蛾).Theyhavehairywhitebodies,redlegsandhugegreenwingsthatstretchupto4.5inchesacross.Andattheendoftheirwingsareapairoflongtailsthathaveattractedscientistsforcenturies.(你无需成为专家即可认出蚕蛾。它们有毛茸茸的白色身体，红色的腿和伸展到4.5英寸的巨大绿色翅膀。在它们的翅膀末端是一对长尾巴，几个世纪以来一直吸引着科学家。)”可知，文章主要讲述几个世纪以来一直吸引着科学家的蚕蛾的长尾巴之谜。故标题为WhyDoLunaMothsHaveSuchTroublesomeLongTails?(为什么月蚕蛾会有这么麻烦的长尾巴？)，故选C。二、七选五WithCOVID-19virusstilllivingaroundus,therehasneverbeenabettertimetoremindusoftheeasiestandmosteffectivewaytoavoidthespreadoftheinfectiousdisease:washingyourhandsproperly.16.Theamountoftimespentonhand-washingisimportant.Todothisright,youhavetowetyourhandswithcleanwater,putsoaponeverysurface,rubyourhandstogetherforatleast20seconds,andwashbeforedrying.Washyourfingertipsandnails.Ifyouthinkaboutit,mostofthetouchingandmostofthevirusesareonyourfingertipsandunderyourfingernails.17.Therefore,itisveryimportanttopaycloserattentiontothefingertipsandnails.Washyourhandsquicklyafterreturningfromtheoutside.18.Duringthattime,youriskcontaminating(污染)yourselforothersathomeifyoudon’twashyourhandsimmediately.Washhandswithsoaporuseanalcohol-basedsanitizer.Accordingtotheavailableevidence,eitherwaycancovermostneedsforthetypicalhealthyperson.Ifyouusethehandsanitizer,it’simportanttoknowthatitisonlyactiveaslongasitisonyourhands.19,keepthesanitizeronforatleast10seconds.Let’swashourhandsproperlyeveryday.20.A．Washyourhandsforatleast20secondsB．Ifyouthinkyoudidn’tgetanythingonyourhandsC．SoevenifitmakesyourhandsfeelannoyinglywetD．WashyourhandsaftereverytriptothebathroombeforeeatingE．ItisoneofthebestwaysforustostayhealthyandprotectourfamiliesF．COVID-19virusescansurviveonhandsandothersurfacesfor15to30minutesG．Buttheyarepartsofyourhandsthatareoftenignoredduringthehandwashing【答案】16．A17．G18．F19．C20．E【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了如何通过科学洗手防止COVID-19病毒的传播。16．根据后文“Theamountoftimespentonhand-washingisimportant.Todothisright,youhavetowetyourhandswithcleanwater,putsoaponeverysurface,rubyourhandstogetherforatleast20seconds,andwashbeforedrying.(花在洗手上的时间很重要。要做到这一点，你必须用清水打湿你的手，在每个表面都涂上肥皂，双手摩擦至少20秒，然后在干燥前清洗)”可知，本段主要是关于洗手的问题，且后文提到了至少20秒，故A选项“洗手至少20秒”符合语境，故选A。17．根据上文“Washyourfingertipsandnails.Ifyouthinkaboutit,mostofthetouchingandmostofthevirusesareonyourfingertipsandunderyourfingernails.(洗你的指尖和指甲。如果你仔细想想，大部分的接触和大部分的病毒都在你的指尖和指甲下)”以及后文“Therefore,itisveryimportanttopaycloserattentiontothefingertipsandnails.(因此，更密切地注意指尖和指甲是非常重要的)”可知，空前谈到指尖及指甲不但是与外界接触最多的地方，也是细菌最集中的地方，空后则强调要特别注意冲洗这两个部位，故本句是在说明原因：它们是洗手时经常被忽略的部分。故G选项“但是它们是洗手时经常被忽略的部分”符合语境，故选G。18．根据后文“Duringthattime,youriskcontaminating(污染)yourselforothersathomeifyoudon’twashyourhandsimmediately.(在这段时间里，如果你不立即洗手，你就有可能感染自己或家里的其他人)”可知，本句主要是在说明病毒存活的时间问题，F选项中for15to30minutes对应后文Duringthattime。故F选项“COVID-19病毒可以在手部和其他表面存活15至30分钟”符合语境，故选F。19．根据上文“Ifyouusethehandsanitizer,it’simportanttoknowthatitisonlyactiveaslongasitisonyourhands.(如果你使用洗手液，重要的是要知道它只有在你手上才有效)”以及后文“keepthesanitizeronforatleast10seconds.(保持洗手液开着至少10秒)”可知，本句主要是关于洗手液的说明，C选项it指代后文sanitizer。故C选项“所以即使它让你的手湿得令人讨厌”符合语境，故选C。20．根据上文“Let’swashourhandsproperlyeveryday.(让我们每天正确洗手)”可知，本句承接上文说明每天正确洗手的意义和重要性：这是我们保持健康和保护家人的最好方法之一。故E选项“这是我们保持健康和保护家人的最好方法之一”符合语境，故选E。三、完形填空ShiliveswithherfamilyinFuxin,acityinNortheastChina’sLiaoningProvince.Shiandher21,Li,havedevotedthemselvestoproviding22educationtotheirstudents.Theyencouragetheirstudentstoattendafter-schoolactivitiesrelatedtoscience,technologyandinnovation.Duringthepastdozenyears,Shihas23herstudentsastheyhavetakenpartinvariouscontests.SeveralofShi’sstudentshavereceived24.Givenherachievements,Shihasbeennamedthemostexcellentteacher.Lihasa(n)25impressiveresume(履历).Heisaprofessor26coalmining(开采)inauniversity.Heoftengoesintothemost27placesinthemineswhileconductingscientificresearch.Hemeasuresdataandcollectssamples,andthenhe28abovegroundtocompletehisanalysisandcalculations,andtodesignplanstosolvetheproblemathand.He29tohisstudentsinhowtoconcentrateonone’sworkandovercomedifficulties.Encouragingtheirstudentsto30variouscontestsisoneofthewaysShiandherhusbandhavetriedto31theirstudents.Inthisway,thestudentshaveobtainedasenseofachievement,andtheir32hasdriventhemtostudyharder.Shisayseducationislikea33onetakesinsearchof“treasures”.Shebelievesitisimportantforteacherstodiscovereachstudent’sinterestsandadvantages,learnto34theirinterestsandadvantages,andencouragethestudenttolivea35lifeheorshelongsfor.21．A．friend B．student C．daughter D．husband22．A．online B．personal C．quality D．special23．A．invited B．stopped C．led D．beaten24．A．failures B．awards C．payment D．attention25．A．fortunately B．plainly C．slightly D．equally26．A．teaching B．saving C．limiting D．sponsoring27．A．comfortable B．dangerous C．familiar D．meaningful28．A．falls B．returns C．starts D．points29．A．goesback B．showshonor C．setsanexample D．putshismind30．A．escape B．enter C．hold D．question31．A．please B．assess C．follow D．inspire32．A．success B．promise C．faith D．laziness33．A．gift B．test C．picture D．journey34．A．grade B．hide C．appreciate D．rebuild35．A．fantastic B．simple C．quiet D．physical【答案】21．D22．C23．C24．B25．D26．A27．B28．B29．C30．B31．D32．A33．D34．C35．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了辽宁阜新的一对教师夫妇用不同方式激励学生发奋学习。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：施和她的丈夫李一直致力于为他们的学生提供优质教育。A.friend朋友；B.student学生；C.daughter女儿；D.husband丈夫。根据后文“Shiandherhusbandhavetriedto”可知，施和她的丈夫李一直致力于为他们的学生提供优质教育。故选D。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：施和她的丈夫李一直致力于为他们的学生提供优质教育。A.online在线的；B.personal个人的；C.quality质量；D.special特别的。根据后文“Theyencouragetheirstudentstoattendafter-schoolactivitiesrelatedtoscience,technologyandinnovation.(他们鼓励学生参加与科学、技术和创新有关的课外活动)”可知，他们为学生提供优质教育。故选C。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的十几年里，施带领她的学生参加了各种比赛。A.invited邀请；B.stopped停止；C.led带领；D.beaten打败。根据后文“herstudentsastheyhavetakenpartinvariouscontests”指学生在施的带领下参加比赛。故选C。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：施的几个学生都获得过奖项。A.failures失败；B.awards奖励；C.payment支付；D.attention注意力。根据上文“herstudentsastheyhavetakenpartinvariouscontests”提到学生参加比赛，以及后文“Givenherachievements,Shihasbeennamedthemostexcellentteacher.(鉴于她的成绩，她被评为最优秀的老师)”可知，施的几个学生都获得过奖项。故选B。25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：李的履历同样令人印象深刻。A.fortunately幸运地；B.plainly坦率地；C.slightly稍微；D.equally平等地。根据后文“impressiveresume”可知，上文介绍施老师的情况，后文则是说她丈夫李的履历同样令人印象深刻，两人都很优秀。故选D。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是一所大学教授煤矿开采的教授。A.teaching教学；B.saving拯救；C.limiting限制；D.sponsoring赞助。根据上文“Heisaprofessor”可知，他是一所大学教授煤矿开采的教授。故选A。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在进行科学研究时，他经常进入矿井最危险的地方。A.comfortable舒服的；B.dangerous危险的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.meaningful有意义的。根据后文“placesinthemines”以及常识，矿井属于危险的地方，故选B。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他测量数据并收集样本，然后回到地面上完成他的分析和计算，并设计方案来解决手头的问题。A.falls落下；B.returns返回；C.starts开始；D.points指出。根据上文“Hemeasuresdataandcollectssamples,andthenhe”可知，他先要下矿井测量数据并收集样本，然后回到地面上完成他的分析和计算，故选B。29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在如何集中精力学习和克服困难方面为学生树立了榜样。A.goesback回去；B.showshonor表示敬意；C.setsanexample树立榜样；D.putshismind用心。根据后文“tohisstudentsinhowtoconcentrateonone’sworkandovercomedifficulties”可知，他在如何集中精力学习和克服困难方面为学生树立了榜样。故选C。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鼓励他们的学生参加各种比赛是施和她的丈夫试图激励学生的方式之一。A.escape逃走；B.enter进入；C.hold持有；D.question质疑。呼应上文“herstudentsastheyhavetakenpartinvariouscontests”指鼓励学生参加比赛，故选B。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鼓励他们的学生参加各种比赛是施和她的丈夫试图激励学生的方式之一。A.please取悦；B.assess评价；C.follow跟随；D.inspire鼓舞。根据上文“Theyencouragetheirstudentstoattendafter-schoolactivitiesrelatedtoscience,technologyandinnovation.(他们鼓励学生参加与科学、技术和创新有关的课外活动)”可知，鼓励他们的学生参加各种比赛是施和她的丈夫试图激励学生的方式之一。故选D。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这种方式，学生们获得了成就感，他们的成功促使他们更加努力地学习。A.success成功；B.promise承诺；C.faith信念；D.laziness懒惰。根据上文“Inthisway,thestudentshaveobtainedasenseofachievement”可知，学生们获得成就感，他们的成功促使他们更加努力地学习。故选A。33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：施说，教育就像一个寻找“宝藏”的旅程。A.gift礼物；B.test测试；C.picture图片；D.journey旅程。根据后文“onetakesinsearchof“treasures””可知，把教育比喻成寻找“宝藏”的旅程。故选D。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她认为，重要的是教师要发现每个学生的兴趣和优势，学会欣赏他们的兴趣和优势，并鼓励学生过上他或她渴望的美好生活。A.grade评分；B.hide隐藏；C.appreciate欣赏；D.rebuild重建。根据后文“theirinterestsandadvantages”指欣赏学生的兴趣和优势。故选C。35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她认为，重要的是教师要发现每个学生的兴趣和优势，学会欣赏他们的兴趣和优势，并鼓励学生过上他或她渴望的美好生活。A.fantastic极好的；B.simple简单的；C.quiet安静的；D.physical身体的。根据后文“lifeheorshelongsfor”可知，他们所做的一切都是为了鼓励学生过上他或她渴望的美好生活。故选A。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Drinkingtwoormorecupsofblackteaaday36(be)associatedwithlowerriskofdeathfromallcauses,accordingtoanewstudy37(publish)MondayinAnnalsofInternalMedicine.Thestudylookedatnearly500,000menandwomenaged40to69yearsoldwhoparticipated38theUKBiobank,whichhousesin-depthgeneticandhealthinformation,between2006and2010.Thedatabaseincludedinformationparticipantsreportedabout39(they)ownteadrinkinghabits,suchas40(frequent)andwhattheyaddedtotheircup.Someparticipantsdidn’tdrinkblackteaatall,butsincethedatacamefromtheUnitedKingdom,therewereplentyofpeoplewhodrankit41(regular)andsomewhodrankupto10cupsaday,saidleadstudyauthorMakiInoue-Choi.TheBiobankfollowedupabout10yearsafterthe42(origin)survey,andresearchersfoundthatpeoplewhodranktwoormorecupsofteadailyintheinterim(其间)werelesslikely43(die)fromcausessuchasheartdisease.Theresearchis44excitinglookintoteadrinkinghabits,butthereisstillmorework45needstobedonebeforerecommendingdietarychanges,saidHowardSesso,anassociateprofessorofmedicineatHarvardMedicalSchool,whowasinvolvedinthestudy.【答案】36．is37．published38．in39．their40．frequency41．regularly42．original43．todie44．an45．that/which【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，每日饮茶有助于降低心脏病等引发的死亡风险。36．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：周一发表在《内科学年鉴》上的一项新研究表明，每天喝两杯或两杯以上的红茶可以降低各种原因导致的死亡风险。本段是一般性陈述，采用一般现在时，又因为主语是Drinkingtwoormorecupsofblackteaaday(为动名词短语作主语)，故此处用所给be动词的第三人称单数形式。故填is。37．考查非谓语动词。句意：周一发表在《内科学年鉴》上的一项新研究表明，每天喝两杯或两杯以上的红茶可以降低各种原因导致的死亡风险。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰study，且publish与study之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词published。故填published。38．考查介词。句意：这项研究调查了2006年至2010年间参加英国生物样本库的近50万名年龄在40岁至69岁之间的男性和女性，该样本库拥有深入的遗传和健康信息。participatein意为“参与……”，为固定搭配。故填in。39．考查代词。句意：该数据库包括参与者报告的有关他们自己饮茶习惯的信息，如频率和他们在杯子里添加的东西。根据空后的own和句意可知，此处用所给代词的形容词性物主代词修饰空后的名词短语teadrinkinghabits。故填their。40．考查名词。句意：该数据库包括参与者报告的有关他们自己饮茶习惯的信息，如频率和他们在杯子里添加的东西。根据句意及空后whattheyaddedtotheircup可知，此处用所给形容词的名词形式frequency。故填frequency。41．考查副词。句意：研究的主要作者MakiInoue-Choi说，一些参与者不经常喝红茶，但由于数据来自英国，所以有很多人经常喝红茶，有些人每天喝多达10杯。此处用所给形容词的副词形式修饰前面的动词drank。故填regularly。42．考查形容词。句意：生物样本库在最初的调查后进行了大约10年的跟踪调查，研究人员发现，在此期间每天喝两杯或两杯以上茶的人死于心脏病等疾病的可能性较低。根据空前的the和空后的survey可知，此处用所给名词的形容词形式original。故填original。43．考查非谓语动词。句意：生物样本库在最初的调查后进行了大约10年的跟踪调查，研究人员发现，在此期间每天喝两杯或两杯以上茶的人死于心脏病等疾病的可能性较低。belikelytodosth意为“有可能做某事”，为固定搭配。故填todie。44．考查冠词。句意：参与这项研究的哈佛医学院医学副教授霍华德·塞索说，这项研究对饮茶习惯进行了令人兴奋的调查，但在建议改变饮食习惯之前，还有更多的工作要做。此处是泛指，又exciting为元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。45．考查定语从句。句意：参与这项研究的哈佛医学院医学副教授霍华德·塞索说，这项研究对饮茶习惯进行了令人兴奋的调查，但在建议改变饮食习惯之前，还有更多的工作要做。分析该句结构可知，该句是一个限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，又因为先行词为work，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。五、其他应用文46．假定你是李华。为了给外国友人提供更丰富的生活信息，某英文网站新增了《最美中华》栏目。请你给该栏目投稿，内容包括：1.介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方;2.说明推荐的理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。ABeautifulPlaceinChina______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:ABeautifulPlaceinChinaSichuanProvinceislocatedinsouthwesternpartofChina.Itenjoysmanyworld-famousplacesofinterest,amongwhichJiuzhaigouNationalParkismyfavorite.JiuzhaigouNationalParkisanaturereserveinthenorthofSichuanProvince.Whatiswidelyconsideredthemostimpressiveattractionisitsmanymulti-levelwaterfalls.Besides,walkinginthenaturereserve,youhavealotofopportunitiestoseesuchrareanimalsasgiantpandasandgoldenmonkeys.Therearealsomanyspeciesofrareplantsthere.I’msurevisitorswillbeamazedbythebeautifulsceneryinthepark【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给某英文网站新增的《最美中华》栏目投稿，给外国友人提供更丰富的生活信息。内容包括：1.介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方；2.说明推荐的理由。【详解】1.词汇积累位于：belocatedin→besituatedin/liein此外：besides→what’smore机会：opportunity→chance确定的：sure→convinced2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Besides,walkinginthenaturereserve,youhavealotofopportunitiestoseesuchrareanimalsasgiantpandasandgoldenmonkeys.拓展句：Besides,whenyouwalkinthenaturereserve,youhavealotofopportunitiestoseesuchrareanimalsasgiantpandasandgoldenmonkeys.【点睛】【高分句型1】Itenjoysmanyworld-famousplacesofinterest,amongwhichJiuzhaigouNationalParkismyfavorite.（运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Whatiswidelyconsideredthemostimpressiveattractionisitsmanymulti-levelwaterfalls.（运用了what引导主语从句）六、读后续写47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasinseventhgrade,myparentspaidfortydollarsaweekforatutortocometomyhouseandhelpmewithmath,whichendedupraisingmymarkfromfiftytofifty-five.OK,maybeitwaspartlymyfault.MaybeIshouldhavespentlesstimeworryingaboutthatimportantgeographyassignmentandmoretimeonmath.Butmathisatrickything.Andsittingdowninachairtoworkonconfusingalgebraicequations(代数方程)fortwohoursisaslowandpainfulprocess.Besides,peoplearoundtendtoask.“How’syourmaththistime?”SoI