2020年英语六级真题词汇注释版附完整答案

2020年英语六级真题词汇注释版附完整答案

一、单项选择题，20分1.Thecity’snewtrafficschemeaimstocurbcongestion,butcriticsargueitmay________smallbusinessesbylimitingdeliverywindows.A.stagnateB.stifleC.stimulateD.satiate2.Inhiskeynote,theprofessorwarnedthatifwe________themeta-cognitivestrategies,studentswillresorttorotelearning.A.trivializeB.externalizeC.marginalizeD.generalize3.Thedocumentaryportraysthenomadsnotasrelicsofthepastbutaspeoplewhohave________moderntechnologytosustaintheirheritage.A.co-optedB.forfeitedC.abdicatedD.embargoed4.Theboard’sdecisionwas________bythefactthatthemergerwouldcreateanear-monopolyintheregion.A.bolsteredB.bemusedC.adulteratedD.galvanized5.Althoughthenovelisrepletewithesotericreferences,itsemotionalcoreremains________tomostreaders.A.inaccessibleB.translucentC.palpableD.convoluted6.Thenewpesticideismarketedas“green,”yetindependentlabshavedetected________levelsoftoxicityingroundwater.A.clandestineB.residualC.nascentD.negligible7.Toforestallfurthercurrency________,thecentralbankraisedthereserverequirementratioby150basispoints.A.appreciationB.arbitrageC.depreciationD.securitization8.Thestartup’svaluationsoaredafteritsuccessfully________theblockchaintoverifyluxury-goodsprovenance.A.instantiatedB.deprecatedC.obfuscatedD.concatenated9.Thediplomat’stonewasdeliberately________,reflectingthehostcountry’sdesiretoneitherendorsenorcondemntheresolution.A.unequivocalB.stridentC.circumspectD.florid10.Thelongitudinalstudyfoundthatearlybilingualismcan________cognitivedeclineinlaterlifebyuptofiveyears.A.precipitateB.attenuateC.accentuateD.proliferate二、填空题，20分11.Thecourtruledthattheplaintiff’sprivacyhadbeen________(violate)bytheunauthorizeddatascrape.12.Thecommitteestressedthatanyempiricalclaimmustbe________(replicate)underpeer-reviewedconditions.13.Investorsremainwarybecausethefirm’srevenuestreamsarehighly________(volatile)andcontingentonregulatorywhims.14.Thenewtradepactincludesasunsetclausethatwill________(phase)outtariffsoveradecade.15.Thescholar’slatestpaper________(interrogate)thecolonialsubtextembeddedin19th-centurycartography.16.Thealgorithmisdesignedto________(flag)anomaloustransactionswithin50milliseconds.17.TheCEO’sapologywasdismissedasaperfunctory________(gesture)ratherthanagenuinecommitmenttoreform.18.Themuseum’sconservationlabuseshyperspectralimagingto________(retrieve)fadedpigmentswithoutphysicalcontact.19.Theauditor’sreport________(underscore)theneedfortighterinternalcontrolsonoffshoreaccounts.20.Thepodcastepisode________(dive)intotheethicalquagmiresurroundinggenedrivesinmalariavectors.三、判断题，20分21.Theword“ephemeral”connotessomethingthatlastsforanindefinitelylongperiod.22.Inacademicprose,thepassivevoiceisgenerallydiscouragedwhentheactorisunknownorirrelevant.23.Thephrase“beggingthequestion”isoftenmisusedtomean“raisingthequestion.”24.Thesuffix“-onym”alwaysdenotesatypeofnameorword,asin“synonym”or“pseudonym.”25.Thecollocation“makeadecision”isconsideredmoreformalthan“takeadecision”inAmericanEnglish.26.Theword“nonplussed”canmeanboth“perplexed”and,ininformalusage,“unfazed.”27.Thepluralform“phenomenas”isnowacceptedinstandardacademicwriting.28.Theexpression“amyriadof”isgrammaticallyincorrect;only“myriad”without“of”isacceptable.29.Theterm“data”istreatedassingularinmostcontemporaryscientificjournals.30.Theword“inflammable”and“flammable”aresynonymsdespitetheprefix“in-.”四、简答题，20分31.Explainhowtheconnotativedifferencebetween“slim”and“skinny”influencesaudiencereceptioninadvertisingcopy.32.Describetherhetoricaleffectofanaphorainpoliticalspeeches,citingonecontemporaryexample.33.Outlinethepragmaticimplicationsofusingthepastprogressive(“waswondering”)inrequests.34.Summarizetheroleoflexicalcohesioninmaintainingregisterconsistencyacrosslong-formjournalism.五、讨论题，20分35.Discusswhethertheincreasingacceptanceofsingular“they”enhancesorundermineslinguisticprecisioninlegaldocuments.36.EvaluatetheclaimthatEnglish-mediuminstructioninnon-Anglophoneuniversitiesconstituteslinguisticimperialism.37.Assesstheethicalresponsibilitiesofdictionarypublisherswhenaddingpoliticallychargedslangtoonlineeditions.38.DebatethedesirabilityofadoptingaglobalizedcorevocabularyforSTEMcommunicationattheexpenseoflocalacademicregisters.答案与解析一、1B2C3A4A5C6B7C8A9C10B二、11violated12replicable13volatile14phase15interrogates16flag17gesture18retrieve19underscored20dives三、21F22F23T24T25F26T27F28F29F30T四、31“Slim”carriespositiveconnotationsofhealthandelegance,whereas“skinny”canimplyundernourishment.Advertisersexploitthisdistinctiontoassociateproductswithaspirationalbodyimages,therebysubtlysteeringconsumerdesirewithoutovertclaims.32.Anaphoracreatesrhythmicmomentumandemotionalresonancebyrepeatinginitialphrases.Obama’s“Yeswecan”speechiteratestheclausetounifydisparatedemographics,forgingacollectiveidentitythattranscendspolicyspecifics.33.Thepastprogressivesoftensimpositionbypresentingtherequestasunfinishedthought,thusgrantingtheaddresseeoptionality.Thistemporaldistancingmitigatesface-threatandconformstonegative-politenessstrategiesinEnglish.34.Lexicalcohesion—viareiteration,synonyms,andcollocationalchains—anchorstechnicaltermstoconsistentsemanticfields,preventingregisterdriftandsustainingreadertrustacrossextendedreportage.五、35Singular“they”reducesgenderedambiguitywithoutsacrificingreferentialclarity;legaldrafterscanpairitwithdefinedtermstopreserveprecisionwhilepromotinginclusivity,thusaligningstatutorylanguagewithevolvingsocialnorms.36EMIrisksepistemicerasureoflocalscholarlytraditions,yetitalsodemocratizesaccessto