外贸英语函电 课件 第八章 购货合同和购货确认书

第八章购货合同和购货确认书学习目标

购货合同和确认书的基本内容。

重点掌握购货合同和确认书的内容、格式及要求。

领会合同语言的特点。概述

在买卖双方经过贸易磋商成功并收到卖方回复的函电确认后，买方正式下订单并随寄购货合同或者购货确认书。购货合同在进出口贸易中主要有两种形式，即购货合同（purchasecontract）和购货确认书（purchaseconfirmation）。购货合同和购货确认书是由买方出具并寄给对方加以确认的列明达成交易条件的书面证明，虽然繁简不同，但经买卖双方签署确认后，具有同等法律效力，对买卖双方均有约束力。对于在国际贸易中大宗商品或成交额较大的交易，多采用正式合同，即购货合同；而对于金额不大，批数较多的小土特产品或轻工产品，或者已订立代理、包销等长期协议的交易多采用合同确认书，即购货确认书。商务合同语言特征

从事国际贸易的商务人士应能够掌握合同的语言和正确填写合同。作为具有法律效应的商务合同或协议，基本具备以下特征：1.用词准确明晰。商务合同需要将合同双方的意愿清晰地表达出来。首先要考虑的就是其语言的明晰性，而这一点又主要依靠准确用词，同义、近义词间的细微差异此时都显得非常重要，含混不得。这一点与公文力求明确的特点相呼应。与此同时，为了尽可能把一切都写得准确无疑，作者往往会不惜笔墨重复名词或修饰词，尽量避免代词的使用或省略手段。2.用词正式，多古体惯用副词。为了体现商务合同的法律性和严肃感，正统用词势在必行，因此英文合同的用词较正式、多古体词。如：商务合同语言特征1）ThisContractisexecutedintwocounterpartseachinChineseandEnglish,eachofwhichshallbedeemedequallyauthentic.（deem较regard，consider正式）2）ThisContractshallbegovernedbyandconstruedinaccordancewiththelawsofChina.本合同受中国法律管辖，并按中国法律解释。（construe较explain，interpret正式）3.多使用"here"，"there"，"where"等前缀，如：hereafter=afterthistime；

今后hereby=bymeans/reasonofthis；

特此herein=inthis；

此中，于此hereinafter=laterinthiscontract；

在下文thereafter=afterwards；

此后，后来thereby=bythatmeans；

因此；由此；在那方面therein=fromthat；

在那里；在那点上商务合同语言特征thereinafter=laterinthesamecontract；

以下；在下文whereby=bywhat；bywhich；

由是；凭那个wherein=inwhat；inwhich；

在哪里；在哪点上4.多用"shall"代替"will"或"should"加强语气和强制力。合同中，shall并非单纯表示将来时，而常用来表示法律上可强制执行的义务，具有约束力，宜译为“应”、“应该”、“必须”；will无论语气还是强制力要比shall弱，宜译为“将”、“原”、“要”；should通常只用来表示语气较强的假设、比如“万一”。1）ThisContractshallbecomeeffectiveuponandfromthedateonwhichitissigned.本合同签字生效。2）ThisContractshallbewritteninEnglishinfourcopies.Eachpartyshallkeeptwocopies.本合同应以英文写成，一式四份，双方各持两份。商务合同语言特征3．多用主动语态，少用被动语态：1）PartyAherebyappointsPartyBasitsexclusivesalesagentinSingapore.甲方委托乙方为在新加坡的独家销售代理商。（适宜）PartyBisherebyappointedbyPartyAasitsexclusivesalesagentinSingapore.（不宜）乙方被甲方委托为在新加坡的独家销售代理商买方订购并寄送购货合同信函示例DearSirs,PurchaseContractNo.478OnviewingthesamplesandpricelistyousentusonJune1,wehavethepleasureinplacingwithyouthefollowingtrialorder,whichweexpectyourimmediateandbestattention.ItemQuantityCIFLondonCoffeecups3000US$50.00per100Teacups2000US$50.00per100Teapots1000US$5.00eachPacking:Inwoodencases,40piecespackedinonecaseShipment:PromptshipmentfromTianjinPayment:ByIrrevocableL/CavailablebydraftatsightPleasenotethattheporcelainwaresshouldbeofthesamequalityasthatusedinthesample.Weexpecttofindagoodmarketforthesegoodsandhopetoplacefurtherandlargerorderswithyouinthenearfuture.EnclosedareourPurchaseContractsinduplicateforsignature.Pleasesignandreturnonecopyforourfile.Uponreceiptofyourconfirmation,anL/Cwillbeissued.Sincerelyyours,购货合同示例PurchaseContractContractNo.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Date:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Signedat:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿TheBuyer:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Address：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Tel:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Fax:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿E-mail:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿TheSeller:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Address:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Tel:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Fax:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿E-mail:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿TheSellerandtheBuyeragreetoconcludethisContractsubjecttothetermsandconditionsstatedbelow：购货合同示例1.Name,SpecificationsandQualityofCommodity:2.Quantity:

＿＿＿%moreorlessallowed3.UnitPrice:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿4.TotalAmount:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿5.TermsofDelivery:FOB/CFR/CIF＿＿＿＿＿＿＿6.CountryofOriginandManufacturers:7.Packing:Thepackingofthegoodsshallbepreventivefromdampness,rust,moisture,erosionandshock,andshallbesuitableforoceantransportation/multipletransportation.TheSellershallbeliableforanydamageandlossofthegoodsattributabletotheinadequateorimproperpacking.Themeasurement,grossweight,netweightandthecautionssuchas"Donotstackupsidedown","keepawayfrommoisture","Handlewithcare"shallbestencilledonthesurfaceofeachpackagewithfadelesspigment.购货合同示例8.ShippingMarks:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿9.TimeofShipment:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿10.PortofLoading:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿11.PortofDestination:＿＿＿＿＿＿＿12.Insurance:Insuranceshallbecoveredbythe＿＿＿＿＿for110%oftheinvoicevalueagainst＿＿＿＿＿Risksand＿additionalRisks.购货合同示例13.TermsofPayment:(1)LetterofCredit:TheBuyershallin＿＿dayspriortothetimeofshipment/afterthisContractcomesintoeffect,openanirrevocableLetterofCreditinfavoroftheSeller.TheLetterofCreditshallexpire＿＿daysafterthecompletionofloadingoftheshipmentasstipulated.(2)Documentsagainstpayment:Aftershipment,theSellershalldrawasightbillofexchangeontheBuyeranddeliverthedocumentsthroughSellersbankand＿＿＿＿＿BanktotheBuyeragainstpayment,i.eD/P.TheBuyershalleffectthepaymentimmediatelyuponthefirstpresentationofthebill(s)ofexchange.(3)DocumentsagainstAcceptance:Aftershipment,theSellershalldrawasightbillofexchange,payable＿＿daysaftertheBuyersdeliversthedocumentsthroughSellersbankand_＿＿BanktotheBuyeragainstacceptance(D/A＿＿days).TheBuyershallmakethepaymentondateofthebillofexchange.(4)Cashondelivery(COD):TheBuyershallpaytotheSellertotalamountwithin＿＿daysafterthereceiptofthegoods(ThisclauseisnotappliedtotheTermsofFOB,CFR,CIF).购货合同示例14.DocumentsRequired:TheSellershallpresentthefollowingdocumentsrequiredtothebankfornegotiation/collection:(1)FullsetofcleanonboardOcean/CombinedTransportation/LandBillsofLadingandblankendorsedmarkedfreightprepaid/tocollect;(2)Signedcommercialinvoicein＿＿copiesindicatingContractNo.,L/CNo.(TermsofL/C)andshippingmarks;(3)Packinglist/weightmemoin＿＿copiesissuedby＿＿;(4)CertificateofQualityin＿＿＿＿copiesissuedby＿＿；(5)CertificateofQuantityin_______copiesissuedby＿＿＿;(6)Insurancepolicy/certificatein_____copies(TermsofCIF);(7)CertificateofOriginin＿＿copiesissuedby＿＿＿＿;(8)Shippingadvice:TheSellershall,within＿＿＿＿__hoursaftershipmenteffected,sendbycouriereachcopyoftheabove-mentioneddocumentsNo.＿＿.购货合同示例15.TermsofShipment:(1)FOBTheSellershall,30daysbeforetheshipmentdatespecifiedintheContract,advisetheBuyerby＿＿＿oftheContractNo.,commodity,quantity,amount,packages,grossweight,measurement,andthedateofshipmentinorderthattheBuyercancharteravessel/bookshippingspace.IntheeventoftheSeller‘sfailuretoeffectloadingwhenthevesselarrivesdulyattheloadingport,allexpensesincludingdeadfreightand/ordemurragechargesthusincurredshallbefortheSeller‘saccount.(2)CIF/CFRTheSellershallshipthegoodsdulywithintheshippingdurationfromtheportofloadingtotheportofdestination.UnderCFRterms,theSellershalladvisetheBuyerby＿＿＿oftheContractNo.,commodity,invoicevalueandthedateofdispatchtwodaysbeforetheshipmentfortheBuyertoarrangeinsuranceintime.购货合同示例16.ShippingAdvice:TheSellershall,immediatelyuponthecompletionoftheloadingofthegoods,advisetheBuyeroftheContractNo.,namesofcommodity,loadingquantity,invoicevalues,grossweight,nameofvesselandshipmentdateby＿＿＿within＿＿＿hours.17.QualityGuarantee:TheSellershallguaranteethatthecommoditymustbeinconformitywiththequality,specificationsandquantityspecifiedinthisContractandLetterofQualityGuarantee.Theguaranteeperiodshallbe______monthsafterthearrivalofthegoodsattheportofdestination,andduringtheperiodtheSellershallberesponsibleforthedamageduetothedefectsindesigningandmanufacturingofthemanufacturer.购货合同示例18.Inspection:（1）TheSellershallhavethegoodsinspectedby＿＿＿daysbeforetheshipmentandhavetheInspectionCertificateissuedby＿＿＿＿.TheBuyermayhavethegoodsre-inspectedby＿＿＿＿afterthegoodsarrivalatthedestination.(2)Themanufacturersshall,beforedelivery,makeapreciseandcomprehensiveinspectionofthegoodswithregardtoitsquality,specifications,performanceandquantity/weight,andissueinspectioncertificatescertifyingthetechnicaldataandconclusionoftheinspection.Afterarrivalofthegoodsattheportofdestination,theBuyershallapplytoChinaCommodityInspectionBureau(hereinafterreferredtoasCCIB)forafurtherinspectionastothespecificationsandquantity/weightofthegoods.Ifdamagesofthegoodsarefound,orthespecificationsand/orquantityarenotinconformitywiththestipulationsinthisContract,exceptwhentheresponsibilitieslieswithInsuranceCompanyorShippingCompany,theBuyershall,within＿＿＿＿daysafterarrivalofthegoodsattheportofdestination,claimagainsttheSeller,orrejectthegoodsaccordingtotheinspectioncertificateissuedbyCCIB.Incaseofdamageofthegoodsincurredduetothedesignormanufacturedefectsand/orincasethequalityandperformancearenotinconformitywiththeContract,theBuyershall,duringtheguaranteeperiod,requestCCIBtomakeasurvey.购货合同示例19.Claim:ThebuyershallmakeaclaimagainsttheSeller(includingreplacementofthegoods)bythefurtherinspectioncertificateandalltheexpensesincurredthereaftershallbebornebytheSeller.TheclaimsmentionedaboveshallberegardedasbeingacceptediftheSellerfailtoreplywithin_＿＿＿＿daysaftertheSellerreceivedtheBuyer’sclaim.购货合同示例20.LatedeliveryandPenaltyShouldtheSellerfailtomakedeliveryontimeasstipulatedintheContract,withtheexceptionofForceMajeurecausesspecifiedinClause21ofthisContract,theBuyershallagreetopostponethedeliveryontheconditionthattheSelleragreetopayapenaltywhichshallbedeductedbythepayingbankfromthepaymentundernegotiation.Therateofpenaltyischargedat＿＿＿%forevery＿＿＿_days,odddayslessthan＿＿＿daysshouldbecountedas＿＿＿days.Butthepenalty,however,shallnotexceed＿＿＿_%ofthetotalvalueofthegoodsinvolvedinthedelayeddelivery.IncasetheSellerfailtomakedelivery＿＿＿dayslaterthanthetimeofshipmentstipulatedintheContract,theBuyershallhavetherighttocanceltheContractandtheSeller,inspiteofthecancellation,shallneverthelesspaytheaforesaidpenaltytotheBuyerwithoutdelay.ThebuyershallhavetherighttolodgeaclaimagainsttheSellerforthelossessustainedifany.购货合同示例21.ForceMajeure:TheSellershallnotberesponsibleforthedelayofshipmentornon-deliveryofthegoodsduetoForceMajeure,whichmightoccurduringtheprocessofmanufacturingorinthecourseofloadingortransit.TheSellershalladvisetheBuyerimmediatelyoftheoccurrencementionedaboveandwithin＿＿＿

daysthereaftertheSellershallsendanoticebycouriertotheBuyerfortheiracceptanceofacertificateoftheaccidentissuedbythecompetentGovernmentAuthoritiesunderwhosejurisdictiontheaccidentoccursasevidencethereof.UndersuchcircumstancestheSeller,however,arestillundertheobligationtotakeallnecessarymeasurestohastenthedeliveryofthegoods.Incasetheaccidentlastsformorethan＿＿＿daystheBuyershallhavetherighttocanceltheContract.购货合同示例22.Arbitration:AnydisputearisingfromorinconnectionwiththeContractshallbesettledthroughfriendlynegotiation.Incasenosettlementisreached,thedisputeshallbesubmittedtoChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeArbitrationCommission(CIETAC),forarbitrationinaccordancewithitsrulesineffectatthetimeofapplyingforarbitration.Theplaceofarbitrationisin＿＿＿.Thearbitralawardisfinalandbindinguponbothparties.23.Notices:Allnoticeshallbewrittenin＿＿＿andservedtobothpartiesbyfax/courieraccordingtothefollowingaddresses.Ifanychangesoftheaddressesoccur,onepartyshallinformtheotherpartyofthechangeofaddresswithin＿＿＿daysafterthechange.购货合同示例24.ThetermsintheContractarebasedonINCOTERMS1990oftheInternationalChamberofCommerce.25.Additionalclause:ConflictsbetweenContractclausehereaboveandthisadditionalclause,ifany,itissubjecttothisadditionalclause.26.ThisContractisexecutedintwocounterpartseachinChineseandEnglish,eachofwhichshalldeemedequallyauthentic.ThisContractisin＿＿copies,effectivesincebeingsigned/sealedbybothparties.RepresentativeoftheBuyer(Authorizedsignature):RepresentativeoftheSeller(Authorizedsignature):买方订购并寄送购货确认书信函示例DearSirs,Thankyouforyoursamplesandpricelistof11June.Wearepleasedtofindthatyourredbeansappeartobeofhighqualityandthusmeetourrequirements.Asatrialorderwewouldliketogiveyouasmallorderfor800metrictonsofredbeans.Pleasenotethatthegoodsaretobesuppliedinaccordancewithyoursamples.WearesendingyouthePurchaseConfirmationNo.478induplicate.Pleasereturntousoneofthembyairmail,completewithyoursignature.Theparticularsaredetailedintheenclosedpurchaseconfirmation.Weareeagertoobtainthegoods,sopleasefaxusyouracceptance,uponreceiptofwhichwewillopenanirrevocablecableL/CthroughHCSB.Iftheinitialorderturnsoutsatisfactory,youcanexpectregularordersfromuswithlargequantitiesinthenearfuture.YoursSincerely,购货确认书购货确认书中应包括以下条款：1.CommodityandSpecifications2.Quantity3.Price4.Payment5.Shipment6.ShippingDocuments7.Packing8.Insurance:tobecoveredbytheBuyer/Seller9.Inspection10.SpecialTerms&Conditions特别条款里要写明：ThegeneraltermsandconditionssetforthonthebackhereofareincorporatedinandmadeanintegralParthereof.一般条款GeneralTermsandConditions1.TheBuyerwilltakenecessarystepstoobtainImportlicenseandtoarrangeletterofcreditforperformanceofthecontractwithreasonablebusinesspractices.TheBuyershallnotberesponsibleforanyfailureordelayinobtainingsuchimportlicense,ifcausedbyreasonbeyondthecontroloftheBuyer.Ifthetermsofcreditdonotconformtothetermsofthiscontract,theSellershallimmediatelyrequesttheBuyerinwritingtoamendtheletterofcreditsotatitwillconformtothiscontractorshallbedeemedtohavewaivedsuchvariance.2.Allcustomsduties,taxesandotherchargesincurredonthemerchandiseand/orcontainersand/ordocumentsincludingthecertificateoforiginshallbetheresponsibilityoftheSellerandfortheSeller’saccount.一般条款3.Themerchandiseshallbecarried,bytheusualrouteorroutesinanocean-goingvesselwellequippedandhigh-poweredoftypenormallyusedforthetransportofmerchandisedescribedinthiscontract.Billofladingdateshallbeproofofdateofshipmentintheabsenceofevidencetothecontrary.NoticeofparticularsofshipmentshallbesenttotheBuyeratsuchtimeandbysuchmeansthatsaidnoticeshall;bereceivedbytheBuyerwithin___daysaftershipment.4.TheSellerwarrantsthequality,merchantabilityandfitnessofthemerchandise.AnyclaimbytheBuyer,excerptforlatentdefects,shallbemadeinwritingwithin30daysafterarrivalofthemerchandiseatthefinaldestinationspecifiedherein.TheSellershallberesponsibleforlatentdefectsofmerchandiseatanttimeaftertakingdelivery,inspection,andacceptanceofmerchandiseregardlessofanydelayorfailureoftheBuyertogivesuchnoticeofclaim.一般条款5.TimeofshipmentisoftheessenceofthisPurchaseConfirmationbutifshipmentisdelayedformorethanthirty(30)daysasaresultofanycauseorcausesbeyondthecontroloftheSeller,theBuyershallhavetheoptionofcancellingunconditionallysuchprotonofthispurchaseconfirmationremainsunperformedattheendofsuchthirty(30)days,orofmaintainingit,inwhichcaseeachpartyundertakestoperformthisPurchaseConfirmationassoonaspracticable,shouldshipmentnotbepossiblewithin__monthsfromthedateofshipmentoriginallystipulated,thePurchaseConfirmationshallbecomeavoidastoundeliveredportion.IntheeventifsuchcancellationorthePurchaseConfirmationbecomingvoidforsuchreason,theSellershallpromptlyrefundtotheBuyeranyandallmoneypaidforsuchundeliveredportion.一般条款6.IntheeventofanybreachbytheSellerofanyoftheterms,conditionsorwarrantiesofthePurchaseConfirmation,orintheeventofthedeath,dissolution,bankruptcyorinsolvencyoftheSeller,theBuyershallhavetherighttoterminatethisPurchaseConfirmationoranyunperformedportionofthisPurchaseConfirmation,andtheSellerisboundtoreimbursetheBuyerforanylossordamagesustainedtherefrom,including,butnotlimitedto,lossofprofitsobtainablefromresalebytheBuyer.7.TheSellershallberesponsibleforanyinfringementwithregardtopatent,utilitymodel,trademark,designorcopyrightofthemerchandise,whetherintheBuyer’scountryoranyothercountryorplace.Intheeventofanydisputewithregardtoanyoftheaboverights,TheBuyershallhavetheright