高考英语阅读理解-词义猜测解题技巧课件-高三日语二轮复习专项

高考英语阅读理解

———词义猜测真题链接03解题策略CONTENTS0204知识小结01考纲解读作业巩固05Afterthisclass,you'reexpectedto...

1.Masterthreetypicalskillstoguessthemeaningofunknownwordsorphrases.2.Applytheseskillsinreadingmaterials.LearninggoalsWhatdoes"John"mean?Johndrinkstoomuchwatereveryday,sohegoestojohnveryoftenduringEnglishclass.Lead-in考纲解读01文本标题可以一键替换更改文字大小颜色等。更改文字大小。高考英语阅读理解中词义猜测题考查根据上下文推断单词和短语含义的能力。该考查要求弱化纯词汇记忆，转而更强调语篇逻辑、熟词生义、短语语境含义。考纲解读考查方式：设问中常常含有means,standfor,referto,taketheplaceof,bereplacedby

等关键词。

解题策略02Skill11.Doctorsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimental

topeople'shealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful.A.helpful

B.useful

C.dangerous

D.great逻辑关系1——并列Skill12.Twelve-year-oldSallywasanactivegirl.

Buthersisterwasquitesedate.

A.pretty

B.passive

C.protective

D.energetic逻辑关系2——转折Skill13.Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.A.small

B.warm

C.quiet

D.big逻辑关系3——因果1.利用并列关系猜测词义。常见信号词、短语：and,or,also,as...as,justas,similarly等。2.利用对比或转折关系猜测词义。常见信号词、短语：but,yet,despite,however,while（然而）,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,incontrast,instead等。3.利用因果关系猜测词义，常见信号词、短语：since,as,because,for,so,thus,consequently,therefore,accordingly,hence,dueto,owingto,thanksto,becauseof,onaccountof,resultin等。Skill1逻辑关系Skill2解释说明———定语从句1.Thepurposeoftheactivitywastocatch"ringers"whotaketestsforothers...A.teachers

B.classmates

C.cheaters

D.volunteersSkill22.Hisfatherisanexpertinphonetics,thestudyof

thesoundsoflanguage.A.thestudyoflanguagehistoryB.thestudyofspeechsoundsC.thestudyofsentencestructure

D.thestudyofwordmeanings解释说明———同位语Skill23.Ihavesomestationery,suchaspens,pencilsandrulers.A.tools

B.toys

C.fruits

D.balls解释说明———列举例子Skill24.Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:TheWorldof

English,ChinaDaily,orReader’sDigest.A.magazines

B.novels

C.textbooks

D.games解释说明———标点符号Skill25.Mygrandmaiselderly;inotherwords,sheisveryold.A.strong

B.young

C.old

D.nice解释说明———下定义1.定语从句：定语从句修饰限定了先行词的内容和范畴。2.同位语：同位语是对其前的内容进行解释说明。3.举例说明：like,suchas,forexample/instance…4.标点符号：——，:，“”，()等标点符号，表示解释说明。5.下定义：mean,refersto,namely,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,toputitanotherway等后的内容是对前面的解释说明。Skill2解释说明Skill3代词指代Theoldhousesintheneighborhoodaregoingtoberebuilt.

They

havebeenthereforover80years.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"referto?

A.Theresidents

B.Thetemporaryhomes

C.Theoldhouses

D.Thenewhouses

Skill3代词指代代词指代题的基本考点:

1）“就近原则”，选择合适的名词。

2）“人对人，物对物，单复对单复".3）常考代词：it,this,that,one,something,they,them,those等。真题链接03真题链接（2023年全国甲卷）

原文:“hopingthatthebookwillhaveanadventure,travelingfarand

widewitheachnewreaderwhofindsit”

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto?

A.Thebook

B.Anadventure

C.Apublicplace

D.Theidentificationnumber

解析：

it指代前文最近的单数名词thebook，符合“物对物、单复对单复”

和就近原则。真题链接（2024年新高考I卷）原文：“The‘smartbin’,whichcanautomaticallysortwaste,isgaining

popularityincities.”27.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“smartbin”referto?

A.Abinthatcansortwasteautomatically

B.Abinmadeofsmartmaterials

C.Abinforcollectingelectronicwaste

D.Abinconnectedtoasmartphone

解析：

定语从句whichcanautomaticallysortwaste直接解释“smartbin”

的核心功能，是猜词的关键依据。真题链接（2023年新高考II卷）原文：“Ourtarget,theYangtzefinlessporpoise,ararefreshwater

mammal,isfacingextinction.”Whatdoestheunderlinedword“target”referto?

A.Ararefreshwatermammal

B.TheYangtzefinlessporpoise

C.Aresearchproject

D.Anextinctionevent

解析：同位语theYangtzefinlessporpoise直接对“target”进行具体解释，明确其指代对象。真题链接（2025年新高考I卷）

原文：“‘Eco-tourism’isdefinedastravelthatprotectstheenvironmentandsupportslocalpeople.”

26.Whatis“eco-tourism”accordingtothetext?

A.Traveltoeco-friendlycountries

B.Travelthatminimizesenvironmentalimpactandhelpslocals

C.Tourismfocusedonecologicalresearch

D.Cheaptravelforenvironmentalists

解析：

isdefinedas直接给出“eco-tourism”的定义，是典型的下定义猜词题。真题链接（2024年全国乙卷）

原文：“Somenocturnalanimals,suchasowlsandbats,huntatnight.”

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nocturnal”mostprobablymean?

A.Activeatnight

B.Livinginforests

C.Huntingforfood

D.Beingrarespecies

解析：

通过suchas列举的猫头鹰、蝙蝠等夜间活动的例子，可推断

“nocturnal”意为“夜间活动的”。

真题链接（2024年新高考II卷）

原文：“Theoldmanwasgentleandbenevolent,alwayshelping

othersinneed.”

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“benevolent”mostprobably

mean?

A.Kindandhelpful

B.Oldandwise

C.Strongandbrave

D.Calmandquiet

解析：and连接并列的gentle（温和的），可推断“benevolent”与“温和、善良”近义，意为“仁慈的、乐于助人的”。真题链接（2023年全国乙卷）

原文：“‘Digitaldetox’—aperiodwithoutelectronicdevices—helps

peoplereducescreentime.”

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“digitaldetox”mean?

A.Atreatmentfordigitaladdiction

B.Aperiodoftimewithoutusingelectronicdevices

C.Awaytodetoxifydigitalproducts

D.Anewtypeofdigitaltechnology

解析：

破折号之间的内容直接对“digitaldetox”下定义，是最直观的猜

词线索。真题链接(2023年新高考I卷)

原文：“Althoughthetaskwasarduous,theteamfinisheditaheadof

schedule.”

34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arduous”mostprobablymean?

A.Difficultandtiring

B.Interestingandfun

C.Simpleandeasy

D.Longandboring

解析：Although表转折，后文“提前完成”暗示前文任务“艰难、费力”。真题链接（2025年全国甲卷）

原文：“Theriverwasturbidbecauseoftheheavyrain,sowecouldn’t

seethebottom.”

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“turbid”mostprobablymean?

A.Cloudyandnotclear

B.Deepanddangerous

C.Fast-flowing

D.Cleanandtransparent

解析：becauseof点明因果关系，大雨导致河水“浑浊、看不清底”，由此推断词义。知识小结04定语从句、同位语、列举例子、标点符号、下定义逻辑关系解释说明“就近原则”、“人对人，物对物，单复对单复”知识小结并列、转折、因果......代词指代词义猜测作业巩固051.Childrenarealwaysbragging.Thatistosaytheysaythings

like“MyDad’scarisbiggerthanyourDad’s,”“MyMomissmarterthanyours.”and“Myfamilyhasmoremoneythanyours.”

Theunderlinedword“bragging”means_____.

A.priding

B.boasting

C.naughty

D.childish实战演练2.Mrs.Smithseemstobeloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthe

silenttype.

Whatdoyouthinktheexpression“loquacious”standsfor?

A.active

B.offensive

C.talkative

D.lovely实战演练3.Shewantedthebarbertotrimherhairabit,becauseit’stoo

long.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trim”mean?

A.cut

B.dye

C.wash

D.curl实战演练4.Theoutfitissimilartoaspacesuit,sothepandacanbeimaginedasawintersportsathlete.

Whatdoestheunderlineword“outfit”referto?

A.Apieceofpaper

B.Asetofclothes

C.AseriesofdecorationsD.Abunchofbuttons实战演练5.Thecompanyfired“slackers”whoalwaysavoidworkandwaste

time...

A.hardworkers

B.lazybones

C.leaders

D.colleagues实战演练6.Wevisitedabotanicalgarden,aplacewherevariousplantsaregrownforscientificresearchanddisplay.

Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasemean?A