Unit1ArtReadingandThinking语言点课件-高中英语人教版（2019）选择性-1

Unit1ARTReadingandthinkingLanguagepoints2026.03.05As的倒装While连词用法不定式todo作表语n.+be+adj.+不定式(主动形式表被动的含义)1234行业PPT模板http:///hangye/notjust...but…(aswell)句型5不定式作表语，前有do，后无to6WhatisWesternart?Itishardtogiveaprecisedefinition.AstherehavebeensomanydifferentstylesofWesternart,itisimpossibletodescribethemallinashorttext.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.什么是西方艺术？很难给出准确的定义。由于西方艺术有很多不同的风格，不可能用一篇短文来描述它们。也许了解西方艺术的最好方法是看看西方绘画几个世纪以来的发展。Itis+adj+todosth做某事是....的，it为形式主语，todo为真正的主语as引导原因状语从句不定式短语做表语在过去的几个世纪中的todo作后置定语,做......的最好方法thewaytodosth=thewazyofdoingsth做某事的方式1.AstherehavebeensomanydifferentstylesofWesternart,itisimpossible

todescribethemallinashorttext.由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述as原因状语从句,表示因为，由于,此时as相当于since1.Everyonelikesyouasyouaresokind.2.WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.3.Asstudentsgrowup,theyarelikelytodevelopedeveloptheirgoodhabitsoflearning.4.Happyastheywere,therewassomethingmissing.5.ThetaskisnotastoughasIthought."as...as...”或"notso/as...as...”As引导的状语从句类型照……方式，就像方式状语从句时间状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句当……时，随着虽然，尽管(though)像……一样原因状语从句因为，由于MuchasIlikeParis,Icouldn'tlivethere.as“虽然，即使”=thoughas表示“虽然，即使”的时候，句子必须要倒装。只要看到含as的句子出现了倒装现象，考虑as是不是表示“虽然，即使”。as的倒装 1.谓语动词是be动词Thoughheisrich,heneverspendsacentonclothes.倒装：Richas/thoughheis,heneverspendsacentonclothes. Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.倒装：Childas/thoughheis,heknowsalot. 结论：将be动词后面的单词（形容词、名词等）提到句首，其他位置不变。注意：被提到句首的单数名词，不用加冠词。 2.谓语动词有have/had/has或情态动词Thoughhemighttry,hecouldn’tgetthedooropen.倒装：Tryas/thoughhemight,hecouldn’tgetthedooropen. 结论：将实义动词提到句首，have/had/has或情态动词位置不变。

3.谓语动词只有实义动词情况一：Thoughhefailed,hewouldnevergiveup.倒装：Failas/thoughhedid,hewouldnevergiveup. 结论：实义动词孤零零，1）将实义动词提到句首，并变为原型2）主语后加相应的助动词do/does/did 情况二：Thoughshetriedhard,shefailedtopasstheexam.倒装：Hardas/thoughshetried,shefailedtopasstheexam. 结论：实义动词后面跟副词，将副词提到句首，其他位置不变。TheMiddleAges(fromthe5thtothe15thcentury)DuringtheMiddleAges,thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.Thus,artistswerenotinterestedinpaintingrealisticscenes.Theirworkswereoftenprimitiveandtwo-dimensional,andthemaincharacterswereoftenmademuchlargerthaneveryoneelse

toshowtheirimportance.Thisbegantochangeinthe13thcenturywithGiottodiBondone(1267-1337).

Whilehispaintingsstillhadreligiousthemes,theyshowedrealpeopleinarealenvironment.Inparticular,hispaintingsaresetapartfromotherpaintingsbytheirrealistichumanfacesanddeepemotionalimpact.在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是向人们传授基督教。因此，艺术家对写实场景不感兴趣。他们的作品通常较为粗糙且二维化，主体人物通常比其他人物大得多，以显示他们的重要性。这种情况在13世纪时因乔托·迪·邦多纳（1267-1337）而开始改变。尽管他的画仍然是宗教主题，但它们展示的是真实环境中的真实人物。尤其是他的画作，因其逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而从其他画作中脱颖而出。...的目的是...todo作表语todo作目的状语尤其；特别使与众不同；使突出；使优于while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”,

while位于句首2.Whilehispaintingsstillhadreligiousthemes,theyshowedrealpeopleinarealenvironment.尽管他的画仍然是宗教主题，但它们展示的是真实环境中的真实人物。尤其是他的画作，因其逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而从其他画作中脱颖而出。while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”,

while位于句首尽管他很有钱，他却过着简朴的生活Whileheisverywealthy,helivesasimplelife.“虽然，尽管”的表达：although/though/evenif/asdespitethefactthat/inspiteofthefactthatWhile

itwashotatnight,wesleptsoundlybecauseweweresotiredafteralongjourney.=__________________________________wesleptsoundlybecauseweweresotiredafteralongjourney.（替换while）

=__________________________,wesleptsoundlybecauseweweresotiredafteralongjourney.(倒装)

Hotthough/asitwasatnightThough/Althoughitwashotatnightwhile作从属连词：1.while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”2.while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，此时while相当于duringthetimethat...，从句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词的进行时或状态动词，不可用短暂性动词。Strikewhiletheironishot.IpickedupFrenchwhileIwasworkinginFrance.3.while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”Therewillbelifewhilethereiswaterandair.while从句中的省略：当while从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且含有be的某种形式时，从句中的主语连同be可同时省略。While(hewas)

inLondon,hestudiedmusicandpainting.趁热打铁我在法国工作时学会了法语。只要有水和空气，就会有生命。while引导并列句，强调两种情况间的差别，表示对比，意为“然而”while作并列连词：意为“一会儿；一段时间””while作名词：afterawhileallthewhileonceinawhilewait/rest(for)awhileIliketeawhilemybrotherlikescoffee.过了一会儿一直，始终偶尔、间或等/休息一会儿3.不定式做表语主语是以aim,suggestion,duty,hope,idea,intenion,plan,purpose,solution,

thewaytodo

sth.等为中心的名词(词组)时，或者是以what引导的主语从句表示时，一般用动词不定式作表语说明主语的内容。①我们的计划是更好地利用这些材料。②鼓励你的孩子享受美食的最好方法是让他们参与计划和准备它们。③我的建议是征求你父亲的意见。Ourplanistomakebetteruseofthese

materials.WhatIwouldsuggestistoaskyourfatherforhis

opinion.Thebestwaytoencourageyourkidstoenjoymeals

istoinvolve

theminplanning

andpreparingthem.

当主语包含定语从句且先行词为代词all或形容词最高级theleast、themost修饰时All

hewantedwastostudyEnglishwell.All

hewantedwastostudyEnglishwell.TheRenaissance(fromthe14thtothe17thcentury)NewideasandvaluesgraduallyreplacedoldonesfromtheMiddleAges.Asaresult,paintersconcentratedlessonreligiousthemes.Theybegantoadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.AnimportantbreakthroughduringthisperiodwastheuseofperspectivebyMasaccio(1401-1428).InfluentialpainterssuchasLeonardodaVinci(1452-1519),Michelangelo(1475-1564),andRaphael(1483-1520)builtuponGiottoandMasaccio’sinnovationstoproducesomeofthegreatestartthatEuropehadeverseen.较少关注aattitudeto/towards对.....的态度在...基础上发展；把...作为...的基础todo作结果状语Anotherinnovationwastheuseofoilpaints.Withtheirdeepcoloursandrealism,someofthebestoilpaintingslooklikephotographs.

WhilepaintersasearlyasDaVincihadusedoil,thistechniquereacheditsheightwithRembrandt(1606-1669),whogainedareputationasamasterofshadowandlight.看起来像

早在...时期while引导让步状语从句赢得...的名声Insubjectmatter,theemphasisincreasinglyshiftedfromreligiousthemestopeopleandtheworldaroundus.Kings,nobles,andpeopleofhighrankwantedtopurchaseaccuratepicturesofthemselvesandthepeopletheyloved.Otherswantedpaintingsshowingimportanthistoricaleventsorstoriesfrommythology.Finally,mostclientswantedpaintingsthatwerebeautifulandinterestingtolookat.从...到...转变4.Finally,mostclientswantedpaintingsthatwerebeautifulandinterestingtolookat.n.+be+adj.+不定式(主动形式表被动的含义)某些“形容词+不定式”的结构中,不定式有被动意义,如果是不及物动词，要保留相应介词。最后，大多数顾客想要的是漂亮、有趣的绘画。④这把椅子看上去相当硬，但实际上坐起来很舒服。Theapplesarehardtoreach.

Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortabletositon翻译：①他是个很难相处的人。②这些苹果很难够到。Heisdifficulttodealwith/getalongwith.Whiletheproblemiscomplex,itiseasytoapproach.Thecakeiseasytomake.Theproblemishardtodealwith.Thehouseiscomfortabletolivein.③这个问题虽然复杂，但很容易解决。Impressionism(late19thtoearly20thcentury)ThedevelopmentofWesternartsloweduntiltheinventionofphotographyinthemid-19thcentury.Afterthat,paintingswerenolongerneededtopreservewhatpeopleandtheworldlookedlike.Hence,paintershadtofindanewwayoflookingattheirart.Fromthis,ImpressionismemergedinFrance.ThenameofthisnewmovementcamefromthepaintingbyClaudeMonet(1840-1926)calledImpression,Sunrise.Inthiswork,Monet'saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene—thesubjectiveimpressionthescenegavehim—butnotadetailedrecordofthesceneitself.until引导时间状语从句V-ed作后置定语做某事的新方式todo作表语While

manyImpressionistspaintedscenesofnatureordailylife,others,suchasRenoir(1841-1919),focusedonpeople.Unlikethecold,black-and-whitephotographsofthattimeperiod,Renoir’spaintingsarefulloflight,shadow,colour,andlife.Hesoughttoshownotjusttheouterimageofhissubjects,buttheirinnerwarmthandhumanityaswell.while引导让步状语从句聚焦于，集中充满notjust....but....(aswell)不仅...而且...5.Hesoughttoshownotjusttheouterimageofhissubjects，but

theirinnerwarmthandhumanityaswell.notjust...but…(aswell)句型：不仅(不但)…而且…=notjust...but(also)…/notonly…but(also)…③妇女不仅被允许参与，而且发挥着非常重要的作用。Womenarenotjustallowedtojoininbutplayaveryimportantroleaswell.=Womenarenotonlyallowedtojoininbutalsoplayaveryimportantrole.notAbutB“不是A而是B”，是否定A肯定BItisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatmatters.IdiditnotbecauseIlikeditbutbecauseIcouldhavethechancetoworkinabigcompany.Thismealisnotforone,butformanypeopletoenjoy.Hecannotjustdrivebutrepairacar.Thisbookisnotonlyinterestingbutalsouseful.他力求既展示主题人物的外在形象，又展现其内在的温暖和人性。单句语法填空 （1）Itisoftensaidthat

thejoy

oftravelling

isnotin

arrivingatyourdestination

inthejourney

itself.（2）ItwasnotuntilIcameherethatIrealizedthisplacewasfamousfornotjustitsbeautybutitsweather

well.完成句子（3）生活不仅有阳光，也有艰难的时刻。Lifeconsistsof

.（4）重要的不是故事本身，而是故事所反映的道理。Itis

whatisreflectedinthestorythatcounts.butasnotjustsunshinebuthardtimesaswellnotthestoryitselfbut作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与B保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。Notyoubuttheoperator_____(be)toanswerforit.要对此负责的是操作员而不是你。is介词but表示“除……外”，即英语except,otherthan或notincluding的意思，是最常用的介词之一。主要用法有以下几点：①no,noone,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere等词连用。如：Nobody knew her but me. ②与all,anything,anywhere,every,everybody,everyone等词连用。Everybodyarrivedontime

but

yourself.③跟带to的不定式作宾语。如：Shehadnochoice

but

towait.④but前的谓语动词是do时，跟省略“to”的不定式作宾语。如：Hedidnothing

but

readanovelyesterday.除我以外，没有人认识她。大家都按时到达，就是你自己没有。除了等待，她别无选择。除了看小说，他昨天什么也没干。ModernArt(fromthe20thcenturytotoday)AfterImpressionism,subsequentartistsbegantoask,“Whatdowedonext?”PainterssuchasPicasso(1881-1973)triedtoanalysetheshapeswhichexistedinthenaturalworldbutinanewway,withCubism.Othersgavetheirpaintingsarealisticbutdream-likequality.Stillothersturnedtoabstractart.Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”在印象派之后，后来的艺术家开始问“下一步我们该做什么？”。像毕加索（1881-1973）这样的画家试图用一种新的方法，用立体主义来分析自然界中存在的各种形状。其他人则赋予他们的画一种写实但又像梦一般的品质特征。还有一些人转向抽象艺术。他们试图做的不再是展示现实，而是提出一个问题“什么是艺术？”转向试图做某事6.Whattheyattemptedtodo

wasnolongershowreality，butinsteadtoaskthequestion，“Whatisart？前半句中的表语showreality省略了to，而后半句与之作对比的平行结构toaskthequestion则是完整的。这种省略to的用法常见于如下情况：(1)两个不定式由连词but、except等连接，如果前面的不定式中有单词do，后面的不定式则省略to。but、except连接，前有do，后无toIdidn'tknowwhattodobutreadtheletteragainandagain.除了反反复复读这封信，我不知道该做什么好。注意：这里的do指的是实意动词，不是助动词。只要前面出现do的任何形式，包括did/does/done，都遵循这个规则。

不定式作表语，前有do，后无to不定式作表语时，前面主语中有do时，不定式的to省略。①WhatIwanttodoisbreakthisbadhabit.

我只想戒掉这个坏习惯。①Hedidnothingbutcallme.②Youhavenochoicebuttotellmethetruth.③Hergoalwastobecomeagreatteacher.②Allyouhavetodoisfinishthejobquickly.7.Whattheyattemptedtodo

wasnolongershowreality，butinsteadtoaskthequestion，“Whatisart？他们试图做的不再是展示现实，而是提出问题：“什么是艺术？”。句型公式：what引导名词性从句what引导名词性从句功能：可用作主语、宾语或表语

……的东西或事情 ……的人或样子意义 ……的数量或数目 ……的时间 ……的地方Afterahardtime,theycametowhatiscalledAmericatoday.Whatsurprisedmeisthateverybodyseemedtobeveryindifferenttoher.Ihavenoideawhattheyaretalkingabout.Whatwecan’tgetseemstobebetterthanwhatweown.Atpresent,Chinaisn’twhatwasthirtyyearsago.what在从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语宾语从句，what作主语主语从句，what主语表语从句，what主语同位语从句，what宾语主语从句、宾语从句，what宾语what引导的名词性从句，that也可引导名词性从句，但that在从句中不作任何成分，也无实际意义,但不可省略；what在从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。单句语法填空①[2022·全国乙卷]Soon，however，theyrealized________theyhadundertaken.②Myrequirementis________allthestudents

shouldgather

attheschoolgateat7：00a．m.andthen