以翻译策略分析小说《十六分钟》

AbstractThematerialforthistranslationisselectedfromanovelbyNancyPaulsonPublishing-SixteenMinutes,whichisratedasoneofthebestbooksforteenagersbytheeditorsofAmazon.Thisisathoughtful,transcendent,juvenilenovelabouttimetravel,love,friendship,andhumanityintertwined.ItcentersonNell,a17-year-oldgirl,herboyfriendCole,theirfriendStevie,andCharlotte,agirlfromthefuture,andfollowstheeventsoftimetravelandtheirquesttodiscoverthefateofthefuture.Thisnovelmainlyexplorestheprocessofadolescentsfromself-doubtandself-bindingtograduallyrecognizingtheirself-worthandrealizingtheirself-growthandbreakthroughwhentheyfacelife’sdilemmasandinnerconfusion,throughwhichtheycanre-examinetheirself-worthbythinkingandexploringsociety,life,andhumannature,thusarousingadolescents’reflectionandlongingfortheirfuturedestiny.ThispracticalreportaimstostudythetranslationoftheprologuetothethirdchapterofthejuvenilenovelSixteenMinutesundertheguidanceoftheadaptationtheory.Thereasonwhytheauthorchoosestobeguidedbythetheoryofadaptationisthatisbasedontheneedforlinguisticcommunication,whichprovidesabrand-newtheoreticalperspectivefortranslationresearch,andthestudyofjuvenilenoveltranslationfromthisperspectivecanbemorecomprehensiveandspecific.Verschuerenproposedthatfouraspectsofadaptationmustbeconsideredintheanalysis:contextualcorrelatesofadaptability,structuralobjectofadaptability,dynamicsofadaptability,andsalienceofadaptability.Contextualcorrelatesofadaptabilitymeansthatwhenmakinglanguagechoices,onemustconsidertheprevailingcontextandmakeappropriatechoices.Thestructuralobjectofadaptabilityreferstoensuringthatthestructureofthelanguageintermsofphonology,vocabulary,syntax,andpartsofspeechconformstotheconstructionprinciplesofthetranslatedlanguagewhengeneratingdiscourse.Dynamicsofadaptabilitymeansthatintheprocessoflanguageselection,boththeexternalcontextandtheinternallanguagestructureshouldbetakenintoconsiderationsoastorealizethedynamicbalancebetweenthetwo.Salienceofadaptabilityreferstothecognitivepsychologicalstateofthecommunicatingpartieswhengeneratingdiscourseandthedegreeofawarenessofthetranslatorinchoosingtheappropriatelanguagetomakeanadaptation.Thesefourdimensionscomplementeachotherandconstituteanoverallviewofdiscourse.Theyarenotindependentresearchtopicsbutshouldberegardedasthefocusofaunifiedandcoherentresearchmethodologyinvolvinglanguageuse.Therefore,theauthoranalyzesthetextualfeaturescomprehensivelyfromthefourperspectivesinanefforttomaximizetheequivalencebetweenthetranslatedtextandtheoriginaltextintermsofinformationandphilosophicalmeaning.Thetranslatormadethetranslationfluentandfaithfultothesourcetextthroughthefourdimensionsofadaptationtheory.Firstly,contextualcorrelatesofadaptabilityisdescribedintermsofthephysicalworld,socialworld,mentalworld,andanalyzedbyusingliteraltranslationandamplification.Secondly,thestructuralobjectofadaptabilityisdescribedintermsoflexical,syntactic,andtextuallevelsandanalyzedbyusingconversionanddivision.Thirdly,thedynamicsofadaptabilityismainlyelaboratedintermsofhowthestructuralobjectofthelanguageconformstothecontextualrelationshipandisanalyzedbyusingfreetranslationandreconstruction.Lastly,salienceofadaptabilitymainlyelaboratesthatthetranslatorneedstoconsidersaliencetothesourcetextwriterandtargettextreaderofthetranslatedtextandanalyzeitbyapplyingtheomission.Intheend,throughthistranslationpracticereport,thetranslatorarguestheguidingsignificanceofthetheoryofadaptationinthetranslationofjuvenilenovelsanditsstrongexplanatorypowerfortranslationbehavior.Also,thetranslatorhopesthatthistranslationpracticecanprovidesomereferenceforthetranslationofthesametypeofnoveltext.Thistranslationpracticereportisdividedintofiveparts.Thefirstpartisthedescriptionofthetranslationtask,includingthesourceofthetext,thecharacteristicsofthetext,thesignificanceofthestudy,andtheorganizationalframework.Thesecondpartisadescriptionofthetranslationprocess,includingpre-translationpreparation,problemhandlingduringtranslation,andpost-translationproofreading.Thethirdpartisanintroductiontothetheoryofadaptation,includingtheorigin,development,argumentation,andapplicationofthetheoryofadaptationinthefieldoftranslation.Thefourthpartisatranslationcasestudy,whichanalyzesthedifficulttranslationproblemsencounteredbytheauthorintheprocessoftranslationandexploresthecorrespondingtranslationmethodsandtechniques.Thefifthpartisthesummaryoftranslationpractice,whichsummarizestheauthor'sgainsandshortcomingsinthistranslationpractice,aswellasthedirectionoffutureefforts.Keywords:Juvenilenovel;SixteenMinutes;TheAdaptationTheory;translationstrategies

摘要本翻译材料选自南希•保尔森出版社的一本小说——《十六分钟》（SixteenMinutes），被亚马逊编辑评为最佳青少年图书之一。这是一部富有思考性、超凡脱俗，关于时空旅行、爱情、友情、人性交织在一起的青少年小说。本文主要围绕17岁的少女内尔（Nell），其男友科尔（Cole），以及他们的朋友斯蒂维（Stevie）和来自未来的夏洛特（Charlotte）四人展开叙述，讲述时空旅行事件以及他们对未来命运的探索之旅。这本小说主要探究了青少年在面对人生困境和内心迷茫时，从自我怀疑、自我束缚到逐渐认识自我价值，实现自我成长和突破的过程，通过对社会、人生、人性的思考和探索可以重新审视自我的价值，从而引起青少年对未来命运的反思和憧憬。本实践报告聚焦于在顺应论指引下，对青少年小说《十六分钟》序章至第三章展开的翻译研究。笔者选用顺应论作为指导理论，原因在于该理论立足语言交际需求，为翻译研究开拓了全新的理论视野。从这一视角探究青少年小说翻译，能够达成更为全面且细致的研究效果。在阐述顺应论时，维索尔伦指出，在分析过程中务必考量顺应的四个关键方面：其一为对语境成分的顺应；其二是对语言结构的顺应；其三为动态过程的顺应；其四即顺应过程中的意识突显程度。所谓语境顺应，意味着在进行语言选择之际，必须充分斟酌当下语境，并做出契合的抉择。语言结构的顺应，是指在构建话语时，要保证语言在语音、词汇、句法、语篇等各个层级的结构，均契合译入语的构建准则。动态顺应要求在语言选择进程中，既要兼顾外部语境，又要关注内部语言结构，从而达成两者间的动态平衡。而顺应中的意识凸显程度，则关乎生成话语时，交际双方的认知心理状态，以及译者在挑选适宜语言进行顺应当下的意识显著水平。这四个层面相互补充，共同构成了完整的语用综观。这四个角度并非孤立的研究议题，而应视作统一且连贯的、聚焦语言使用的研究方法要点。因此，笔者从这四个方面全方位剖析文本特性，竭力实现译文与原文在信息及哲理性意义上的最大程度等效传递。笔者通过顺应论中语境成分的顺应，语言结构的顺应，动态过程顺应以及顺应过程的意识突显程度四个层面使译文达到流畅通顺，忠实原文的效果。首先，语境成分顺应从物理世界顺应、社交世界顺应和心理世界顺应展开叙述，运用直译法与增译法来进行分析；其次，结构顺应从词汇、句法、文本层面展开叙述，运用转换法与分句法进行分析；其次动态顺应主要阐述语言结构客体如何顺应语境关系，运用意译法与重组法进行分析；最后，意识凸显度的顺应主要阐述译者在译文选择时需要考虑原作者以及译文读者的意识程度，运用省译法来进行分析。最终，通过该翻译实践报告，一方面笔者论证了顺应论在青少年小说翻译中的指导意义和对翻译行为具有很强的解释力。另一方面，笔者希望通过此次翻译实践，为同类型小说文本的翻译提供一定的参考借鉴。本翻译实践报告由五个部分构成。开篇第一部分是对翻译任务的阐述，涵盖了文本出处、文本特性、研究价值以及整体的架构安排。第二部分聚焦于翻译流程的详述，其中包含译前的筹备工作、翻译过程中对各类问题的应对策略，以及译后的仔细校对环节。第三部分着重介绍顺应论，内容涉及顺应论的起源背景、发展历程、理论论证，以及其在翻译领域的具体应用情况。第四部分开展翻译案例剖析，针对笔者在翻译期间遇到的难点问题展开深入分析，同时探索相应的翻译方法与技巧。最后第五部分为翻译实践的总结归纳，既梳理了笔者在此次翻译实践中的收获体会与存在的不足，也明确了未来努力提升的方向。关键词：青少年小说；《十六分钟》；顺应论；翻译策略

ContentsTOC\o"1-3"\h\u1.AnIntroductiontotheProject 11.1BackgroundsoftheProject 11.2ValuesandObjectivesoftheProject 11.3OrganizationoftheReport 22.TranslationProcess 32.1Pre-translation 32.1.1AnalysesoftheSourceText 32.1.2PreparationsfortheProject 42.2While-translation 52.2.1MajorDifficultiesEncountered 52.2.2ProcessofSolvingDifficulties 52.3Post-translation 52.3.1SelfProofreading 62.3.2PeerProofreading 62.3.3ExpertProofreading 73.TheoreticalFramework 73.1OriginoftheAdaptationTheory 73.2DevelopmentandArgumentoftheAdaptationTheory 93.2.1DevelopmentoftheAdaptationTheory 93.2.2ArgumentoftheAdaptationTheory 103.3TheAdaptationTheoryinTranslationStudies 124.CaseStudies 124.1ContextualCorrelatesofAdaptability 124.1.1LiteralTranslation 144.1.2Amplification 154.2StructuralObjectofAdaptability 174.2.1Conversion 184.2.2Division 194.3DynamicsofAdaptability 214.3.1FreeTranslation 224.3.2Reconstruction 224.4SalienceofAdaptability 245.ConclusionoftheReport 265.1ExperiencesfromtheTranslationProject 265.2LimitationsoftheTranslation 275.3SuggestionsforFutureTranslationPracticeandResearch 28References 30Appendix 32AnIntroductiontotheProjectBasedonthesourcetextSixteenMinutes,thispaperexplorestranslationmethodsandtechniquesindifferentcultureswiththetheoryofAdaptationastheguidingtheory,withtheaimofpromotingculturalexchangeandprovidingreferencestosimilartexts.1.1BackgroundsoftheProjectThistranslatedmaterialistakenfromSixteenMinutes,anovelbyNancyPaulsonPublishers,namedoneofthebestbooksforyoungadultsbytheeditorsofAmazon,forwhichnotranslationhasappeared.WrittenbyK.J.ReillyandfirstpublishedonOctober15th,2024.Thisisathoughtful,transcendent,youngadultnovelabouttimetravel,love,friendship,andhumanityintertwined.Thenarrativecentersonfourpeople:Nell,aseventeen-year-oldgirl,herboyfriendCole,andtheirfriendsStevieandCharlottefromthefuture,andfollowstheeventsoftimetravelandtheirjourneyofdiscoveryintothefateofthefuture.Thisnovelmainlyexplorestheprocessofadolescents’self-doubtandself-bondageinthefaceoflife’sdilemmasandinnerconfusion,tothegradualrecognitionoftheirself-worthandtherealizationoftheirself-growthandbreakthroughs.Throughthecontemplationandexplorationofsociety,life,andhumannature,theycanre-examinetheirself-worth,whichinturnarousesadolescents’reflectionsonandlongingfortheirfuturedestinies.1.2ValuesandObjectivesoftheProjectThesourcetextisajuvenilenovel,mainlyforthe12-17-year-oldteenagegroup.Itcontainselementsoflove,friendship,growingup,etc.,andalsocontainssuspensefulanddeductivecolors,whichisrareinthegenreofnovels.Itfocusesonthelogicofreasoningandcontainstheenvironment,thedescriptionofthecharacters’psychologicalactivities,andthecoherenceoftheplot.Throughadeepunderstandingofthestylisticfeaturesofyoungadultnovels,thetranslator’sunderstandingoftheoriginalsentencestructure,stylisticfeatures,andoverallgraspofthesourcetextcanbeimprovedtoenhancethequalityofthetranslation,reduceunnecessarytranslationerrorsinthetranslationprocess,andenhancethetranslator’sliterarytranslationability.Intheprocessoftranslation,thetranslatorexploredandstudiedtheguidanceofthetheoryofadaptationintranslatingjuvenilenovels,chosenappropriatetranslationmethodsandtranslationtechniques,pursuedthelinguisticstructureofthetranslatednovels,chapterarticulation,andthesourcetextinthecontext,structureandotherlevelsofAdaptation,andendeavoredtopursuethetranslationofthesourcetextreadersandthereadersofthesourcetexttoobtainasmuchaspossiblethesamereadingexperience.Thetranslatoraimedtomakethetranslationfluentandfaithfultothesourcetextthroughthefourdimensionsofcompliancewithcontextualcomponents,languagestructure,dynamicprocess,andthedegreeofawarenessofthecomplianceprocess.Thus,thetranslationcantriggerastrongresonanceofmoreyoungreadersandprovidecertainguidanceandreferencevalueforyoungpeopleinfacingchallengesandconfusions,pursuingdreamsandhopes,andexploringunknownfields.ThepurposeofthispracticalpaperistostudythetranslationoftheprologuetothethirdchapterofjuvenilenovelSixteenMinutesundertheguidanceoftheAdaptationTheory,andtheapplicationvalueofthisthesisliesinthefollowing:expandingthescopeoftheapplicationoftheAdaptationTheoryinthetranslationofthisspecificliterarygenreandinjectingnewvitalityandelementsintothestudyoftranslationtheory.Throughthein-depthstudyofthistopic,thetranslatorcanprovideanewperspectiveandvaluablereferenceforthesubsequentmorein-depthandsystematictranslationtheoryresearch;atthesametime,thetranslatorcanalsoprovidepartialChinesetranslationsforthefansofthisnovel,promotethedisseminationandexchangeofjuvenilenovelsindifferentcultures,andenablemoreyoungreaderstocrosstheculturalbarriersandappreciatethecharmofexcellentyoungpeople’snovelsallovertheworld.Thiswillenablemoreyoungreaderstocrossculturalbarriersandenjoythecharmofexcellentyoungadultnovelsfromallovertheworld,andhelpyoungpeopletobroadentheirhorizons,increasetheirknowledge,andcultivatetheircross-culturalcommunicationawarenessandabilityintheirreading,thuscontributingtotheirhealthygrowthandcomprehensivedevelopment.1.3OrganizationoftheReportThistranslationreportisstructuredintofivedistinctsections.Theinitialpartpresentsanoverviewofthetranslationproject.Itcommenceswithaconciseintroductiontothebackdropoftheproject.Subsequently,itelaboratesonthevaluesandgoalsofthetranslationproject,aswellasthelayoutofthisreport.Thesecondsectiondetailsthetranslationprocess,coveringpre-translationpreparations,theactualtranslationphase,andpost-translationprocedures.Thethirdpartisdedicatedtothetheoreticalframework.Here,itexpoundsontheorigin,evolution,reasoning,andapplicationoftheadaptationtheorywithinthecontextofthistranslationreport.Thefourthsectionconductsacomprehensiveanalysisofhowtheadaptationtheoryisappliedinpractice.Thisisachievedbydrawingillustrativeexamplesfromthetranslationmaterials.Thefinalpartservesasasummary.Itencompassestheexperiencesaccumulatedduringthistranslationassignment,thechallengesfacedwhiletranslatingthetext,andrecommendationsforfutureresearchendeavors.2.TranslationProcessTheplanningandsummarizingofthewholetranslationpracticeprocesswasincludedinthetranslationprocess(Jiang,1998).Thetranslationpracticelasted5monthsandthemaintranslationprocessincludedtheselectionoftranslationtools,readingofparalleltexts,andpre-translationpreparation.Answerstoquestionsthatarosethroughoutthetranslationprocesswerethenextstepofaction.Thelaststepwasself-revisionandtutor-revisiontoconfirmthequalityofthetranslation.Thetranslatorelaboratedontheseelementsinlatersentences.2.1Pre-translationThesuccessfulexecutionofthefollowingtranslationtasksdependedtoalargeextentonpre-translationpreparation(Leng,2005).Pre-translationpreparationwasthekeytothesuccessorfailureofanytranslationpracticeanddeterminedthesuccessorfailureofatranslationtask.Themoreadequatethepre-translationpreparation,themoreitcanensurethesuccessfulcompletionofthetranslationtask.Thepreparationforthistranslationactivitymainlyincludedorganizingtheoriginalmaterialsandreadingthesourcetextforseveraltimestounderstandthelinguisticconventions,logicalrelations,andmaincontentsofthewholetext.Thetranslatoralsosetupthenecessarytoolsforthetranslationprocessatthesametime.2.1.1AnalysesoftheSourceTextThetranslatormainlyfocusedonthenarrativestyle,linguisticfeatures,andartisticstyleoftheoriginalnovel.Firstly,thetranslatorfoundthatthesourcetextusesafirst-personnarrativeinwhichwhatNellseesandhearsdeterminesthedirectionofthetext.Thisnarrativestyleenhancedthegenerationalandemotionaltensionofthestory.Forexample,Nell’sdescriptionofCole’ssilence,“Colegetsthatlookagain.Likehe’sallsunkdowndeepinsidehimselfandhe’sgonesomewhereelse,withnoplansoflettinganyoneelsejoinhim.”Cole’sdetachmentandsecrecyisshownthroughNell’ssubjectivefeelings.Secondly,thetranslatorfoundthatthesourcetextmostlyusedslangandcolloquialexpressionstoexpressthecharacter'spersonalitytraitsandideas.Thelanguagestylewasclosetotheyouthdialogueandenhancedthesenseofreality.Forexample,“It’sjustColesulkin,isall.”Stevie’susedof“sulkin”todescribeCole’ssilencewasbothindicativeofthetrio’sclosenessandsuggestiveofCole’scharactertraitswasintrovertedandmoody.Thirdly,thetranslatorfoundthattheoriginaltextrevealedadeepeningofthethemeofadolescentgrowth.ThroughNell’sperspective,thestoryexploredteenagers’confusionaboutself,friendship,andfate.Forexample,Nellreflectedonsmall-townlife:“It’sneverbeenthekindofplacethatsproutsbigideasorsmartpeople.”Thisembodiedarevoltagainstthemundaneandgavephilosophicaldepthtothecoming-of-agenarrativebycombiningpersonaldreamswithadesiretotranscendrealitythroughthe“Wrightbrothers”analogy.Thetranslatorreadthenovelonmultipleoccasions.Throughthesereadings,thetranslatorgainedaprofoundappreciationfortheoriginalauthor'sdistinctivelanguagestyleandthenovel'sremarkableportrayalofthecharacters’psychologicalstates.Intheprocessofreading,thetranslatorexcerptedthepartsthatmainlydescribethepsychologyofthecharactersandthedialogues,focusedonthem,andthoughtabouttheoriginalauthor’sspecialintentiontoconveythepsychologyofthecharactersandpromotethedevelopmentofthestorythroughthespecificlanguagestructure.Onthisbasis,amoreappropriatesentenceexpressionwaschosentoconveyinformationandemotiontothereader.Atthesametime,thetranslatorconsultedalotofinformationandchosethetheoryofadaptationasthetheoreticalsupport.2.1.2PreparationsfortheProjectBeforetranslation,thetranslatorpreparedtranslationresourcesandtools,studiedrelevantbooks,choseparalleltexts,analyzedtextfeatures,andthencameupwithcorrespondingtranslationprocedures.Doingtheabovepreparationsfullyhelpedthetranslatorovercomemanyproblemsthatmayarisethroughouttheformaltranslationprocess,improvedthetranslationefficiency,andensuredthesmoothcompletionofthetranslationtoacertainextent.Translationtoolswereessentialforpractice.English-ChineseDictionaryofPsychology,OxfordAdvancedLearner’sEnglish-ChineseDictionary(8thedition),CollinsAdvancedLearner’sEnglish-ChineseDictionary,PsychologicalTerminology,TerminologyOnline,GoogleTranslate,andBingDictionarywereamongthetranslationtoolsthetranslatorchosebasedonthetranslationneeds.Duringtheentiretranslationprocess,thetranslatorreadseveralreferencestoaidinthetranslationinadditiontotranslatingaccurately.ThetranslatorreadpsychologybooksinadditiontoEnglishVarietiesandTranslation(Liu,2012)andBasicGuidetoTranslation(Zhang,2017)inordertounderstandvariousprofessionalconceptsandinformationinthesourcetext.Thesebookshelpedthetranslatorchoosethebesttranslationmethodsandtechniquesduringthetranslationprocess.2.2While-translationAlthoughsomechallengingissuesaroseduringthetranslationprocess,perseveranceeventuallyledtothetranslatoreffectiveresolution.Accordingly,thenecessarystepsweresetoutbelow.2.2.1MajorDifficultiesEncounteredIntheprocessoftranslation,thedifficultiesencounteredbythetranslatorlieinlanguageandculture.Thedifficultyoflanguageliedinthetranslationoffour-letterstructureandslang,andthedifficultyofcultureliedinthewordswithculturalcolor,idioms,andtheoriginalauthor’simpliedintentionofexpression.2.2.2ProcessofSolvingDifficultiesThetranslatorbeganwithbackgroundinformationaboutthework.Thebackgroundoftheworkandtheoriginalauthor’swritingexperienceareespeciallyimportantformasteringthetext.Firstly,thetranslatorreadalotofmaterials,suchasthebackgroundintroductionofthenovel,theoriginalauthor’srelatedworks,thepublishedtranslationsoftheauthor’sworks,andbooksrelatedtotranslationtheory,tolearnmoreabouttheinformationbehindthesourcetext,andrereadtheoriginalauthor’srelatedworks,tounderstandthecharactersofthenovelandtheculturalinformationbehindit,sothatthetranslatorcanbetterconveytheoriginalauthor’sintentionandrealizethemaximumeffectofthetransmission.Onthisbasis,thetranslatordidherbesttoconformtolinguisticandculturalunderstandingbyconsultinginformationandculturalbackgroundknowledge,graspingthecontextualunderstanding,andusingappropriatetranslationmethodsandtechniques.Forexample,usingtranslationmethodssuchasliteraltranslation,freetranslationandtranslationtechniquessuchasamplification,conversionandomission,thetranslatortranslatedfour-characterstructureandslangexpressionstothegreatestextentpossible,conveyedthedegreeofcolorofthewordsandfacilitatedreaders'understanding.Inaddition,thetranslatorpaidattentiontothetargetlanguagereadersandunderstoodtheaudienceofthenovelsoastobetterconveythemeaningofthenovel.Thetranslatorunderstoodthereadersandtheoriginalauthorin-depthandthengavefullplaytothetranslator’sroleasabridge.2.3Post-translationOncethetranslationisfinished,proofreadingbecomesacrucialstep.Conductingproofreadingaftertranslationenablesthetranslatortorefinethelanguage,rectifyerrors,enhancethetranslation,boostitsoverallquality,andultimatelyfinalizeanimpeccabletranslationpiece.Afterthecompletionofthefirstdraft,thetranslatorproofreadthetranslation,focusedoncheckingtheexistenceoftypos,understooddeviationsandotherproblemsinthetranslation.Thetranslatorcheckedwhetherthetranslatedstatementsweresmooth,leavingasidethesourcetextandpayingattentiontothelogicalorder.ThetranslatorprovidedboththesourcetextandtheinitialtranslationtostudentswithacertainlevelofEnglishproficiency.Theaimwasforthemtoidentifyanyroughdraft-liketranslatedsentencesintheworkandofferreferencesuggestions.Undertheguidanceandassistanceoftheinstructor,thelatterpointedoutnumerousissuesinthetranslation.Theinstructoralsoproposedusingdictionariestohandlethetranslationtasks.Actingontheinstructor'sadvice,thetranslatorrevisedthetranslationoncemoreandultimatelycompletedit.2.3.1SelfProofreadingThepaperreflectssomecreativity.Althoughthetranslationtaskwasbasedonthesourcetext,thetranslatorflexiblyutilizedsomeuniqueexpressionsandcontextualtransformationstomakethetranslationmoreinlinewiththeculturalbackgroundofthetargetlanguage.Thiskindofutilizationhelpsreadersbetterunderstandandacceptthetranslation.Inaddition,thewholethesishasaclearchapterstructure,whichcanbetterguidethereaders'thoughts.However,thetranslationstillhaslimitations.First,someofthetermsarenottranslatedaccuratelyenoughandlacksufficientnotes.Second,someofthetranslationskillsarenotexplainedenough,andtheprofessionalismandstandardizationofthetranslationsneedtobeimproved.Thirdly,theunderstandingandresearchofleadingtheoryisnotdeep.Ingeneral,theoverallstructureofthistranslationreportisclear,thelanguageisfluent,anditbasicallymeetstherequirementsofatranslationreport.However,therearestillgreatlimitations,anditisnecessarytocontinuouslyimprovethetranslator’stranslationabilitythroughfurtherthinkingandstudy.2.3.2PeerProofreadingThetranslatorhasalsoaskedforhelpfromotherclassmates.Myfriend,ZhengJiamin,whomajoredinChineseLanguageandliterature,helpedmetocorrecttheirrationalityoftheChineseexpressionandtoimprovetheaccuracyofthewords.IuseditintheprocessofEnglish-Chinesetranslation,whicheventuallymetourexpectationstothemaximumextentwithourcorrections.Theirinspectionprovidedhelptothecompletionofthistranslationandessay.ChineseandEnglishdivergesignificantlyintermsofthoughtpatterns,linguisticcustoms,andmodesofexpression.Overcomingthesedisparitiesinthetranslationprocessposesasubstantialchallenge.Furthermore,thetranslationmaterialscontainnumerouscomplexsentences.Totranslateaccurately,thetranslatormustfullycomprehendtheentiretext,takingintoaccountthecontexttoproduceanauthenticandpreciserenditionwhilemaintainingtheoriginaltext’sstyle.Finally,suspensenovelsarerepletewithscenario-baseddialoguesandportrayalsofcharacters’psychologicalstates.Determininghowtoappropriatelytranslatecharacterdialoguesandpsychologicaldescriptionsacrossdiversecontextsrepresentsakeyobstacleencounteredduringmytranslationwork.2.3.3ExpertProofreadingAfterthetranslatorcompletedtheself-reviewandreceivedthepeerreview,thepaperwassubmittedtoProfessorDeng.Thetranslatorsharedthoughtsandquestionswiththeprofessorandaskedforhisadvice.Duringthecommunication,ProfessorDengprovidedagreatdealofadviceonlanguageissues,waysofexpression,andsomedetails.Thesesuggestionsgreatlyassistedthetranslatorinimprovingboththetranslationcontentandtheoverallqualityofthepaper.Subsequently,aftertheprofessor’sin-depthanalysis,thetranslatorrevisedthetranslationagain.3.TheoreticalFrameworkThissectionfocusesonelaboratingthetheoreticalframeworkofthisreportinthreerespects.First,itgivesaconciseaccountofthegenesisoftheAdaptationTheory.Second,itdelvesintothedevelopmentandsubstantiationoftheAdaptationTheory.Third,itexplorestheapplicationoftheAdaptationTheorywithinTranslationStudies.3.1OriginoftheAdaptationTheoryThelinguisticadaptationtheorywasestablishedbyJefVerschueren,arenownedBelgianlinguistandthesecretary-generaloftheInternationalAcademyofPragmatics.Initially,“adaptation”wasaconceptwithinthebiologicalevolutiontheory.ItwaslaterintroducedasaperspectiveintothestudyofPragmatics,leadingtotheemergenceofthelinguisticadaptationtheory.In1999,Verschueren'sUnderstandingPragmaticselaboratedonthistheorysystematically,signifyingitsmaturation.Fromhisstandpoint,languageuserepresentstheprocessoflanguageinoperation.Itistheprocesswherelanguageusersselectlinguistictoolsbasedontherequirementsofthecommunicativecontexttofulfilltheircommunicativeintentions.Here,adaptationismanifestedasthereciprocaladaptationbetweenthelanguage-usecontextandthechoiceoflanguagestructure.Verschueren'slinguisticadaptationtheoryoffersacomprehensiveandscientificresearchperspectiveforPragmatics.Itcomprehensivelyelucidatesthedynamicprocessofhumanlanguageuse.Notably,thetheory'sexplanation,particularlythatofadaptation,holds