河北张家口市2026届普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试（张家口一模）下学期高三英语试题答案

2026年普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试英语满分150分。考试时长120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Findapartner.B.Borrowaphone.C.Gethisphonecleaned.2.Howdoesthemanusuallygettowork?A.Bytaxi.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Ahomenurseisnecessary.B.Instanttreatmentisessential.C.Furtherobservationisneeded.4.Whydothespeakersdecidetoavoidthedowntownroute?A.It’sunderrepair.B.It’sblocked.C.It’slonger.5.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Planningbreakfast.B.Cookingameal.C.Buyingfood.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Saleswomanandcustomer.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Bossandsecretary.7.Whydoesthemanwantthewoodenbuildingroys?A.Theyarethecheapest.B.Theyareeco-friendly.C.Theyareunlikelytobreak.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhenwillthepreparationbeginthisFriday?A.At3:00p.m.B.At2:30p.m.C.At2:00p.m.9.Whatwillthespeakersdowiththefirstfiveposters?A.Returnthemtotheshop.B.PutthemuponWednesday.C.Savethemfortheactivitysite.10.Whowillinterviewapplicants?A.LilyandBen.B.LilyandMia.C.MiaandBen.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdidthemanusuallydoattheweekendrecently?A.Heenjoyedanewhobby.B.Hetrieddifferentcourses.C.Heattendedtohomelessdogs.12.Whatdoesthemansayaboutdiscgolf?A.It’swidelyknown.B.It’saffordable.C.It’ssuitablefortheyoung.13.Whatwillthewomandonextweekend?A.Makeaflyingdisc.B.Dosportswiththeman.C.Teachbeginnerstoplaygolf.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Onwhichfloorcanavisitorfindtalkingrobots?A.Thefirst.B.Thesecond.C.Thethird.15.Whatisimportantforinteractiveactivities?A.Waitingforpermission.B.Doingexperimentsinagroup.C.Puttingonspecialwearableequipment.16.Whatdoweknowaboutphotographyinthemuseum?A.Theuseofflashisforbidden.B.Itneedsapprovalforpersonaluse.C.ItisonlyallowedintheSpaceExplorationZone.17.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Avoidpeakhours.B.Arriveafter5:00p.m.C.Gotothethirdfloorfirst.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howlongwillthestudentsworkindifferentteams?A.Foroneweek.B.Fortwoweeks.C.Forthreeweeks.19.WhatarethestudentsscheduledtodoeveryFridayafternoon?A.Attendafeedbackmeeting.B.Provideadviceforeachother.C.Analyzeupcomingchallenges.20.Whatisthepurposeofthespeech?A.Towelcomestudenttrainees.B.Totrainstudentsonprofessionalskills.C.Toexplainthecompany’slong-termplan.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAFull-DayGuidedShuttle(班车)Tour:Boston&CambridgeTripOverviewAfull-dayguidedshuttlefromManhattanletsyouvisitBostonandCambridgeinonevaluabletrip.At5:50a.m.,thebusleavesTimesSquare.Bymidmorning,thebuscrossestheCharlesRiver,andBoston’sskylineofbrickbuildingsandbrownstonehousescomesintoview.HighlightsThisone-daytripcoverstherichhistoriesoftwoNewEnglandcities.Boston’sstreetstellstoriesoftheAmericanRevolutionthroughthenamesofsquaresandoldpubs.CopleySquareandthePublicLibraryshowthecity’s19th-centurydreamsofbuildingastrongcommunity.CambridgeishometoHarvardYard.Thiscollegeareahasironfences,statues,andtheGreatDome,allmarkinghundredsofyearsoflearning.Theslow-movingCharlesRiverstilldrawspeopletoitsbanks.QuincyMarketisbusyattheendofthetour,amarketplacethathasservedasapublicgatheringplaceforyears.ArrangementThetripmixesguidedvisitsandfreetime:you’llstopforphotosatCopleySquare,haveashortwalkinBeaconHill,enterHarvard’scampus,drivepasttheMassachusettsStateHousequickly,andtakealongerbreakatQuincyMarketforlunch.Tips※Wearcomfortablewalkingshoesanddressinlayers(层)tohandletheriverwind.※Bringasmallraincoatandapowerbank.※Tosavetime,choosequicklunchoptionslikestreetfoodormarketstands.※Agreeonameetingplaceandtimewithyourgroupbeforeyougoyourseparateways.※Bathroomsareavailablebutsometimeshardtofindduringbusytouristtimes.Getreadyforanactiveday:lighttogentlewalking,interestingculturalexperiences,andalongbusride.1.Wherewillvisitorsmostlikelytobebeforegettingonthereturnbus?A.CopleySquare B.HarvardYard. C.QuincyMarket. D.BeaconHill.2.Whatshouldgroupvisitorsdobeforetheirfree-timeactivities?A.Decideonwheretoeat. B.Agreeonwhenandwheretomeet.C.Locatethenearestbathroom. D.Getfamiliarwiththemarket.3.Whatdoesthetourmainlyfeature?A.HistoricalsitesinManhattan. B.Privateguidesforsmallgroups.C.LongwalkingtoursinCambridge. D.Culturalexperienceswithashuttle.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了从曼哈顿出发前往波士顿和剑桥的一日班车导览游，涵盖两地历史文化景点，含行程安排与出行注意事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Arrangement中“Thetripmixesguidedvisitsandfreetime:you’llstopforphotosatCopleySquare,haveashortwalkinBeaconHill,enterHarvard’scampus,drivepasttheMassachusettsStateHousequickly,andtakealongerbreakatQuincyMarketforlunch.(这条行程包含导游带领游览和自由活动时间：将在科普利广场停车拍照，在比肯山短途漫步，进入哈佛大学校园，快速乘车经过马萨诸塞州议会大厦，并在昆西市场作较长时间的休息并享用午餐。)”可知，行程最后在昆西市场停留午餐，游客最可能在此处集合返程。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Tips部分“Agreeonameetingplaceandtimewithyourgroupbeforeyougoyourseparateways.(在各自分开活动之前，先和团队成员约定好集合地点与时间。)”可知，自由活动前应和团队约定好见面时间和地点。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据标题“AFull-DayGuidedShuttleTour:Boston&Cambridge(含导游的穿梭巴士一日游：波士顿&剑桥)”以及文中介绍的班车出行、历史文化景点游览等内容可知，本次旅行以班车出行结合文化体验为主要特色。故选D项。BForShuYang,sometimes,naturegivesinspiration.Othertimes,aproblemcausesYangtoseeasolutionthatalreadyexistsinthenaturalworld.Shelookedtotornadoes(龙卷风)foranewstructureforwindowcovers,whichcouldpassivelyheatorcoolbuildings.TheskinoftheAfricanelephanthelpedherenvisionanewkindofwallcoatingtohelpdealwithheatwaves.Yangalsodevelopedagluethat’sstrongenoughtoholdshelvesonwallsyeteasyenoughtoremoveifwettedagain.Yang,amaterialsscientist,consultsthenaturalworldwhenlookingtosolvehumanity’sproblems.“Somecompaniesminebiologytodevelopdrugs,”Yangoncetoldherself.Couldshedothesamethingwithengineering?Sheemployswhat’scalledbiomimicry:studyingorganicallyoccurringstructuresandrethinkingthemtoinspirenewandoftenmoresustainablesolutions.GrowingupinChina,Yangsaysherfamilydidn’thavealotofmoney.Sobynecessityshelookedoutsideforentertainment.“Therewasnottoomuchtoexploreotherthannature,”Yangsays.Hermotherwasaphysicaleducationteacher.“That’swhyI’malsoanathlete,”Yangsaysofherbusyandproductivepace.Whilemanyscientistsarewaryofspeakingaboutdevelopingtheoriesorunpublishedwork,Yangisnotguardedwithherideas.“Ihavetonsofideas,”shesays.Beingopenduringtheprocessalsoallowshertoteamupwithexpertsinotherfields;sheworkswithbiologists,materialsscientists,andtextileengineers.“Idon’tthinkI’mthesupersmartpersonbutIbringthesmartpeopletogether,”shesays.“Andanynewidea,afterayearortwo,becomesanoldidea.”Inthemeantime,Yangcanfocusonhernextidea,whileherpartnerstakewhatthey’veworkedontogethertoaplaceshemightneverhaveimagined.4.WhatinspiresShuYang’sscientificresearchideas?A.Historicalengineeringprojects.B.Herdifficultyinlearningbiology.C.Structuresandphenomenainnature.D.Unfinishedtheoriesfromotherscientists.5.WhatismentionedaboutShuYang’schildhood?A.Shelivedawealthylife.B.Hermothertaughtherphysics.C.Naturewashermainentertainment.D.Herearlyinterestlayinmedicalresearch.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wary”inparagraph4mean?A.Careful. B.Proud. C.Capable. D.Ashamed.7.WhatisYang’sworkphilosophy?A.Workingaloneandstickingtoideas.B.Relyingonexpertsandbeingimaginative.C.Focusingononeprojectandperfectingit.D.Valuingteamworkandkeepinginnovating.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述材料科学家杨舒受大自然启发开展仿生研究，童年常亲近自然，她乐于分享创意、注重跨领域合作，坚持持续创新。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ForShuYang,sometimes,naturegivesinspiration.Othertimes,aproblemcausesYangtoseeasolutionthatalreadyexistsinthenaturalworld.(对于杨舒来说，有时大自然会给予灵感。其他时候，某个问题会让她发现自然界中早已存在的解决方案。)”可知，自然界中的结构与现象启发了她的科研思路。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“GrowingupinChina,Yangsaysherfamilydidn’thavealotofmoney.Sobynecessityshelookedoutsideforentertainment.“Therewasnottoomuchtoexploreotherthannature,”Yangsays.(在中国长大的杨说，她家里并不富裕。因此，她只能去户外寻找乐趣。“除了大自然，没什么别的可以探索的。”杨说道。)”可知，大自然是她童年主要的娱乐来源。故选C项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Whilemanyscientistsarewaryofspeakingaboutdevelopingtheoriesorunpublishedwork,Yangisnotguardedwithherideas.(尽管许多科学家对谈论正在形成的理论或未发表的研究wary，但杨舒对自己的想法并不设防。)”可知，这里用其他科学家和杨舒对比，说他们对谈论正在形成的理论或未发表的研究十分谨慎，所以wary意为“谨慎的，小心的”，与Careful含义相近。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Beingopenduringtheprocessalsoallowshertoteamupwithexpertsinotherfields;sheworkswithbiologists,materialsscientists,andtextileengineers.(在这个过程中保持开放的心态，也让她得以与其他领域的专家合作；她与生物学家、材料科学家以及纺织工程师一同工作。)”以及第五段“Andanynewidea,afterayearortwo,becomesanoldidea.(任何新想法，在一两年之后，都会变成旧想法。)”可知，她重视团队合作并坚持不断创新。故选D项。CWhatiftherewereatechnologythatcouldhelptoreducegreenhouse-gasemissions(排放),airpollutionandenvironmentaldegradation,whileimprovinghealth,reducingsocialinequalityandboostingeconomicgrowth?Thereis,andinJanuary2026,itjustturned200.AccordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency,transportcurrentlyaccountsforaroundone-quarterofglobalCO2emissions.Perpassenger-kilometre,railtransportproducesone-fifthoftheemissionsofcartransport,andlessthanone-quarterofthoseofflying.Directemissionscanbecuttozeroiftrainsarepoweredbyfullyrenewableelectricity.Railtransportalsoproducesfewair-pollutingsmallparticles(颗粒),whichareharmfultohealth.Thisisparticularlyimportantinaworldwherecitiesaregrowingrapidly.Betterpublictransportsystemsbasedonrailcouldhelptoreducetheunorderedexpansionofcities,aswellasthelandneededforroads,carparksandothercar-relatedfacilities.Citieswithfewercarsandtrafficjamsaremoreliveableplaceswherepeoplearemorewillingtowalkandcycle,obtainingthehealthbenefitsoftheseactivities.Theyarealsomoreinclusive,particularlyforyoungerandolderpeoplewhoarelesslikelytoownavehicle.Butitisnotjustcities.TheUnitedKingdomisthebirthplaceoftherailways,butthecountryalsooffersanexampleoftheeffectsdisinvestmentinrailwayscanhave.A2024studyexaminedasustainedprogrammeofcutsmadetothenation’srailwaynetworkfromthe1950stothe1980s.Itfoundthattheruralareasmostaffectedbythecutssawpopulationdeclines,joblossesanddropsinthenumberofskilledworkers,relativetoareasthatwereunaffected.Despiteitsbenefits,sincethemid-twentiethcentury,railwaydevelopmentinmostcountrieshasbeenovertakenbygrowthinroadandairtravel.Asrailwaystravelintotheirthirdcentury,it’stimetoturnthetables.Researchfromacrossdisciplines—includingengineering,environmentalscienceandurbanplanning—canhelpachieveamuch-neededcomebackofrailways.8.Whydoestheauthoraskthequestioninparagraph1?A.Tohighlightthebenefitsofrailtransport.B.Toclarifytheurgencyofenvironmentalproblems.C.Toexplainthehistoryoftechnologydevelopment.D.Topresentthegreatpotentialsofeconomicdevelopment.9.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebythefiguresinparagraph2?A.Railtransportcauseslesspollution.B.Mostpeopleprefertotravelbyplane.C.Renewableelectricityisbadlyneeded.D.Transportconsumesmostglobalenergy.10.WhatimpactdidtheUK’srailwaycutshaveonbadlyaffectedruralareas?A.Failureintransportinvestment. B.Declineinpeople’slivingspace.CLow-efficiencyrailwaynetwork. D.Socio-economicdownturn.11.Whatwillbetalkedaboutnext?A.Whypoliciesaresignificant. B.Whyvariousresearchiscrucial.C.Whyrailwaysaremoresustainable. D.Whyeconomicgrowthisunstoppable.【答案】8.A9.A10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述铁路运输益处众多，可减少污染、改善健康等，但发展滞后，多学科研究助力其实现复兴。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whatiftherewereatechnologythatcouldhelptoreducegreenhouse-gasemissions(排放),airpollutionandenvironmentaldegradation,whileimprovinghealth,reducingsocialinequalityandboostingeconomicgrowth?Thereis,andinJanuary2026,itjustturned200.(如果有一项技术既能帮助减少温室气体排放、空气污染和环境恶化，又能改善健康、减少社会不平等并促进经济增长，会怎么样？确实存在这样一项技术，并且在2026年1月，它刚刚迎来200周年。)”可知，作者提出该问题是为了突出铁路运输的诸多益处。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AccordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency,transportcurrentlyaccountsforaroundone-quarterofglobalCO2emissions.Perpassenger-kilometre,railtransportproducesone-fifthoftheemissionsofcartransport,andlessthanone-quarterofthoseofflying.(据国际能源署称，交通运输目前约占全球二氧化碳排放量的四分之一。按每乘客公里计算，铁路运输的排放量是汽车运输的五分之一，不到航空运输的四分之一。)”可知，作者用这些数据是为了说明铁路运输污染更小。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Itfoundthattheruralareasmostaffectedbythecutssawpopulationdeclines,joblossesanddropsinthenumberofskilledworkers,relativetoareasthatwereunaffected.(研究发现，与未受影响的地区相比，受削减措施影响最严重的农村地区出现了人口减少、失业以及技术工人数量下降的情况。)”可知，英国铁路削减导致相关农村地区社会经济下滑。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researchfromacrossdisciplines—includingengineering,environmentalscienceandurbanplanning—canhelpachieveamuch-neededcomebackofrailways.(包括工程学、环境科学和城市规划在内的多学科研究有助于实现铁路亟需的复兴。)”可知，接下来文章会谈论为什么各类研究至关重要。故选B项。DAteamofresearcherssuggeststhatpigeons,commonbirdsfamousfortheiramazingabilitytofinddirections,cansenseEarth’smagneticfield(磁场)bydetectingtinyelectriccurrentsintheirinnerears.Theteamcarriedoutadvancedbrainmappingandsingle-cellRNAanalyzingofpigeoninner-earcells.Bothformsofevidenceshowthattheinnerearisthebirds“magnetoreception”organ.Inthestudy,professorDavidKeaysandhiscolleaguesdesignedanexperimenttofindouthowpigeons’brainsrespondtomagneticfields.TheyexposedpigeonstoamagneticfieldslightlystrongerthanEarth’sforoveranhour.Theteamusedamethodtomeasuretheactivationpatternsofneurons(神经元)acrossthebrainbydetectingageneticmarkerofcellactivityinpigeonbrains.Brainactivitymapsofbirdsexposedtomagneticfieldswerecomparedwiththoseofacontrolgroupnotexposedtosuchfields.Theresultsrevealedneuronalactivityrelatedtomagneticfieldsinthebrainregionthatreceivessignalsfromthevestibularsystem—akeypartoftheinnerearresponsibleforbalanceandsenseofspace.Thisresultnarroweddownthepossiblecompasses(指南针)toone—thevestibularsystem.Furtheranalysisfocusedontheinnerear.Usingsingle-cellRNAanalysis-researchersidentifiedauniquetypeofhaircell—typeⅡ.Thesecellscontainspecialproteinsthatmakethemsensitivetotheslightestchangesinelectricalpotential.Whenabirdfliesandmovesitshead,liquidintheinnerearshifts,crossesmagneticfieldlines,andgeneratesaweakelectriccurrent.Thesesensitivecellsdetectthissignalandsendtheinformationtothebrain.Thediscoveryexplainsmanyobservedbehaviors.Forexample,homingpigeonsoftencircleinplacebeforechoosingaflightdirection.Itisnowclearthatsuchmovementsarenecessarytoactivatetheirbiologicalcompass—headmovementsstrengthenthesignaldetectedbytheinnerear.12.Whatcana“magnetoreception”organmostprobablydo?A.Detectinnerearcells.B.Blockelectriccurrents.C.SenseEarth’smagneticfield.D.Strengthenthemap-readingability.13.Whatdidthemagneticfieldintheresearchdotothepigeons?A.Itdiddamagetothepigeons’innerears.B.Itledtothegenerationofnewbraincells.C.Itmadethepigeons’headsmoverelatively.D.Itcausedcertainactivationpatternsofneurons.14.Whatcanbelearnedaboutapigeon’sinnerear?A.Itisinabrainregion.B.Ithasnewlyidentifiedhaircells.C.Itcanmovewhenapigeonflies.D.Itcontainsalargevarietyofproteins.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhytheVestibularSystemMattersMostB.TheBiologicalCompassHiddenintheEarC.NewResearchRevealedtheSecretofFlyingD.HowMagneticFieldsAffectPigeons’BrainActivity【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现鸽子依靠内耳的Ⅱ型毛细胞感知地球磁场，其前庭系统是生物指南针，这也解释了鸽子辨向的相关行为。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ateamofresearcherssuggeststhatpigeons,commonbirdsfamousfortheiramazingabilitytofinddirections,cansenseEarth’smagneticfield(磁场)bydetectingtinyelectriccurrentsintheirinnerears.Theteamcarriedoutadvancedbrainmappingandsingle-cellRNAanalyzingofpigeoninner-earcells.Bothformsofevidenceshowthattheinnerearisthebirds“magnetoreception”organ.(一组研究人员发现，鸽子——这种因出色的识路能力闻名的常见鸟类——能够通过感知内耳中的微弱电流来察觉地球磁场。该团队对鸽子的内耳细胞开展了先进的脑部成像和单细胞核糖核酸分析，两项研究证据均表明，内耳正是这种鸟类的“磁感知”器官。)”可知，“磁感受”器官最可能用来感知地球磁场。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheyexposedpigeonstoamagneticfieldslightlystrongerthanEarth’sforoveranhour.Theteamusedamethodtomeasuretheactivationpatternsofneurons(神经元)acrossthebrainbydetectingageneticmarkerofcellactivityinpigeonbrains.(他们将鸽子置于略强于地球磁场的环境中一个多小时。该团队通过检测鸽子大脑中细胞活动的基因标记，测量了整个大脑的神经元激活模式。)”可知，研究中的磁场引发了鸽子特定的神经元激活模式。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Usingsingle-cellRNAanalysis-researchersidentifiedauniquetypeofhaircell—typeⅡ.(通过单细胞RNA分析，研究人员发现了一种独特的毛细胞——Ⅱ型毛细胞。)”可知，鸽子的内耳中有新发现的毛细胞。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Theteamcarriedoutadvancedbrainmappingandsingle-cellRNAanalyzingofpigeoninner-earcells.Bothformsofevidenceshowthattheinnerearisthebirds“magnetoreception”organ.(该团队对鸽子内耳细胞进行了先进的脑成像和单细胞RNA分析。两种证据都表明内耳是鸟类的磁感受器官。)”以及下文内容可知，研究发现鸽子依靠内耳的Ⅱ型毛细胞感知地球磁场，其前庭系统是生物指南针，这也解释了鸽子辨向的相关行为，所以B项TheBiologicalCompassHiddenintheEar(藏在耳朵里的生物指南针)概括文章内容，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Herearesomepracticaltipstohelpyoumanagetherewardingyetcomplexdynamicsoflivingwithsomeonefromadifferentculturalbackground.____16____Anewcityoftenmeansnewstoresandchainsyoudon’trecognize.Foryourinternationalroommate,itcouldbequiteacultureshock.____17____Findafavoritegrocerystore,tryacoupleofhappyhours,andjustexploretheneighborhoodwithyourroommateevenifyouaren’tbestfriendsyet.Beveryclearaboutwhat’sincluded.It’ssuperimportanttobeclearaboutwhat’sincludedinyourlivingarrangement.Thisisn’tjustabouttherentandbills—thoughthosearekey—it’saboutallthelittlethingsthatcancausemisunderstandingsifthey’renotspelledoutfromtheget-go.____18____Willyouandyourroommatebesplitting(分摊)thecostsofthingslikeelectricity,water,andinternet?Avoidusingstereotypes(刻板印象).It’salsoimportantforyoutorecognizeandavoidrelyingonstereotypeswheninteractingwithyourinternationalroommate.____19____Askthemabouttheirinterests,theirfamily,whatatypicaldaylookedlikeforthembackhome,ortheirfavoritemusic.You’lllikelyfindthatthey’remuchmorethananystereotypecouldcover.Bepatient.Livingwithaforeignroommatemaytestyourpatienceinallsortsofways.Thinkaboutit:eachofusgrowsupwithourownsetofcustoms,anditcantakeaminutetoadjustwhensomeoneelse’scustomscrashintoours.However,showingabitofpatiencecanmakethingsmucheasier.____20____Remember—justlikeyou’readaptingtotheirhabits,they’readjustingtoyours.A.Solveproblemsintheearlystages.B.Itgivesroomtoadjustandconnect.C.Explorewithyourinternationalroommate.D.Theexperienceislikeacoinwithtwosides.E.Sotaketimetogettoknowthecitytogether.F.Forexample,areallservicesincludedintherent?G.It’swaybettertogettoknowyourroommateasaperson.【答案】16.C17.E18.F19.G20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与不同文化背景的室友相处，要一起探索城市、明确费用、避免刻板印象、保持耐心，从而建立良好关系。【16题详解】根据上文“Herearesomepracticaltipstohelpyoumanagetherewardingyetcomplexdynamicsoflivingwithsomeonefromadifferentculturalbackground.(以下是一些实用的建议，能帮助您应对与来自不同文化背景的人共同生活所带来的既令人愉悦又复杂的种种情况)”可知，第一空位于第一段之后，第一段是总起段，介绍了文章的主题，即与来自不同文化背景的人一起生活时，如何处理复杂而有益的关系，并给出了建议。第一空后的段落主要介绍了和国际室友一起探索新城市，故第一空应引出探索新城市这个话题。选项C“和你的国际室友一起探索”符合语境，能够引出下文。故选C。【17题详解】第二空后一句“Findafavoritegrocerystore,tryacoupleofhappyhours,andjustexploretheneighborhoodwithyourroommateevenifyouaren’tbestfriendsyet.(找一家喜欢的杂货店，去体验几次欢乐时光优惠时段，和室友一起在附近逛逛，即便你们还不是最好的朋友)”可知，后文进一步解释了第二空的内容，即建议和国际室友一起探索新城市，选项E“所以花点时间一起了解这个城市”符合语境，能够引出下文。故选E。【18题详解】上文“Thisisn’tjustabouttherentandbills—thoughthosearekey—it’saboutallthelittlethingsthatcancausemisunderstandingsifthey’renotspelledoutfromtheget-go.(这不仅仅关乎房租和账单——尽管这些是关键所在——还关乎所有那些如果一开始没有说清楚就可能引发误会的小事)”强调了明确说明小事的重要性，结合后文“Willyouandyourroommatebesplitting(分摊)thecostsofthingslikeelectricity,water,andinternet?(你和你的室友会共同承担诸如电费、水费和网费之类的费用吗？)”举例说明了需要明确说明的小事，故第三空应举例说明需要明确说明的小事，选项F“例如，租金中是否包括所有服务”符合语境。故选F。【19题详解】根据上文“It’salsoimportantforyoutorecognizeandavoidrelyingonstereotypeswheninteractingwithyourinternationalroommate.(同时，你也需要明白，在与你的国际室友交流时，要避免因刻板印象而产生偏见或做出错误判断)”强调了避免依赖刻板印象的重要性，以及后文“Askthemabouttheirinterests,theirfamily,whatatypicaldaylookedlikeforthembackhome,ortheirfavoritemusic.(向他们询问他们的兴趣爱好、家庭情况、他们在家乡时每天的生活状况，或者他们最喜欢的音乐是什么)”可知，后文建议通过询问国际室友的兴趣、家庭等方面来了解他们，故第四空应强调了解国际室友个人方面的重要性，选项G“最好把室友当作一个人来了解”符合语境。故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“However,showingabitofpatiencecanmakethingsmucheasier.(然而，表现出一点耐心可以让事情变得容易得多)”可知，上文强调了耐心的重要性，结合后文“Remember—justlikeyou’readaptingtotheirhabits,they’readjustingtoyours.(要记住——就像你正在适应他们的习惯一样，他们也在适应你的习惯)”进一步解释了耐心的重要性，即双方都需要适应对方的习惯，故第五空应解释耐心为什么能让事情变得容易，选项B“这给了调整和联系的空间”符合语境。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhenmayorRisaClayrecentlyaddressedapressconference,anattendantaskedifshewasokayasshesoundedbreathless.Recallingthis,Claysaidtoherfriends,“Canyou____21____?Someonetooktimetoask.I____22____myspasmodicdysphonia(痉挛性发音障碍)andthankedhim.”Clayhas____23____itfor18years,andwhenshefindsherselfinsituationslikethis,sheseesitasa(n)____24____toeducatepeopleaboutthedisorder.The64-year-oldretiredasahighschoolprincipal(校长)in2019.Shehaslongneededtouseher____25____alot—firstasaconsultantandthenasaprincipal,whichmadeherconditionmore____26____.Yetshehasneverletitstopherfromlivinga____27____life.Thisdisorderaffectsvocalcords(声带),themainpartfor____28____,andmakesaperson’svoicesoundbreathyor____29____.There’snocure,anditmayeven____30____withage.Clayhadtriedvarious,treatmentsandnow,shegetsneedletreatmentweeklytohelp____31____it.Lastyear,Claystartedalocal____32____underDysphoniaInternationaltohelpotherswiththedisorderfeelless____33____.Itholdsmonthlyonlinemeetingsandinvitesprofessionalstoshare____34____.ShealsoleadsayearlyWalkforTalk,afundraiserthathascollectedmuchforresearch.“Irefusetobe____35____bywhatIcan’tcontrol,”Claysaid.“Ican’tchangemyvoice,butIcanchangehowIthinkaboutit.”21.A.imagine B.stop C.breathe D.refuse22.A.remembered B.hated C.explained D.denied23.A.dreamedof B.talkedabout C.caredfor D.sufferedfrom24.A.trouble B.opportunity C.plan D.decision25.A.tongue B.energy C.voice D.power26.A.deadly B.challenging C.typical D.stressful27.A.meaningful B.quiet C.busy D.respectable28.A.chewing B.thinking C.digesting D.speaking29.A.loud B.unclear C.cold D.sharp30.A.worsen B.last C.improve D.disappear31.A.cure B.study C.control D.test32.A.lesson B.group C.party D.game33.A.alone B.regretful C.bored D.embarrassed34.A.news B.stories C.wisdom D.advice35.A.turnedaway B.heldback C.putdown D.takenin【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.C26.B27.A28.D29.B30.A31.C32.B33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患有痉挛性发音障碍的前校长、现市长RisaClay积极面对病情，通过科普、组建互助团体等方式帮助同类患者，展现了她不被病痛阻碍的乐观与坚强。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你能想象吗？有人特意花时间关心我。A.imagine想象；B.stop停止；C.breathe呼吸；D.refuse拒绝。根据前文“anattendantaskedifshewasokayasshesoundedbreathless”可知，有人在发布会上关心她，Clay对此十分感慨，认为难以想象这事，imagine符合语境。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我解释了自己痉挛性发音障碍，并感谢了他。A.remembered记得；B.hated讨厌；C.explained解释；D.denied否认。根据前文对方询问她身体状况，以及后文“educatepeopleaboutthedisorder”以及语境可知，这里指她向对方解释了自己的病情。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Clay受此困扰已有18年，当遇到这类情况时，她将其视为向人们科普这种疾病的机会。A.dreamedof梦想；B.talkedabout谈论；C.caredfor照顾；D.sufferedfrom遭受，患病。根据前文“spasmodicdysphonia”可知，这是一种疾病，这里指Clay受此疾病困扰已有18年。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Clay受此困扰已有18年，当遇到这类情况时，她将其视为向人们科普这种疾病的机会。A.trouble麻烦；B.opportunity机会；C.plan计划；D.decision决定。根据后文“educatepeopleaboutthedisorder”以及语境可知，她想借此机会让更多人了解这种病。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，她都需要大量用嗓——先是做顾问，后来当校长，这让她的病情更加棘手。A.tongue舌头；B.energy精力；C.voice声音；D.power权力。根据后文“asaconsultantandthenasaprincipal”以及后文病情影响声带可知，她的工作需要频繁说话、大量用嗓，voice符合语境。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，她都需要大量用嗓——先是做顾问，后来当校长，这让她的病情更加棘手。A.deadly致命的；B.challenging有挑战性的，难处理的；C.typical典型的；D.stressful有压力的。根据前文她需要大量用嗓以及后文“There’snocure”可知，这里指病情更难应对，challenging符合语境。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她从未让病情阻止自己过有意义的生活。A.meaningful有意义的；B.quiet安静的；C.busy忙碌的；D.respectable可敬的。根据后文“ShealsoleadsayearlyWalkforTalk,afundraiserthathascollectedmuchforresearch”描述她举办筹款活动帮助他人可知，她的生活充实且有意义。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种疾病影响声带，让人的声音听起来气息不稳或含糊不清，而声带是说话的主要部位。A.chewing咀嚼；B.thinking思考；C.digesting消化；D.speaking说话。根据常识和前文“spasmodicdysphonia”是发音障碍可知，声带用于发声说话，speaking符合语境。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种疾病影响声带，让人的声音听起来气息不稳或含糊不清，而声带是说话的主要部位。A.loud大声的；B.unclear不清楚的；C.cold冷的；D.sharp尖锐的。根据前文“Thisdisorderaffectsvocalcords”以及语境可知，这里指这疾病让人的声音听起来气息不稳或含糊不清。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种病无法治愈，甚至可能随着年龄增长而恶化。A.worsen恶化；B.last持续；C.improve改善；D.disappear消失。根据前文“There’snocure”以及病情发展的语境，这里指病情会随着年龄变得更严重。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Clay尝试过各种治疗方法，如今她每周接受针灸治疗来帮助控制病情。A.cure治愈；B.study研究；C.control控制；D.test测试。根据前文“There’snocure”描述疾病无法根治可知，