Unit2语法专项课件情态动词与不定代词专项课件-北师大英语八年级上册

教学课件北师大英语八年级上册Unit2语法专项情态动词（must/mustn’t,haveto/don’thaveto,should/shouldn’t）与不定代词

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学习目标掌握must/haveto/should三类情态动词的核心用法与语气差异能正确使用情态动词的否定形式，区分主观与客观要求掌握指人/指物不定代词的用法，熟记句式搭配规则学会用形容词修饰不定代词，掌握主谓一致原则运用所学完成单选、填空、句型转换等多种题型情态动词核心特征情态动词本身有词义，表语气、态度或情态，无人称变化后接动词原形，不能单独作谓语，需和实义动词构成谓语否定形式直接在其后加not，部分有固定缩写（mustn’t/shouldn’t）本单元重点掌握must/haveto/should三组情态动词及否定式must/mustn’t核心用法must表必须、义务，强调主观要求或规定，语气强烈结构：must+动词原形，无人称和数的变化mustn’t表禁止、不准，是最强否定，表绝对不允许例句：Youmustobeytheschoolrules.Youmustn’tfightwithothers.haveto/don’thaveto核心用法haveto表不得不、必须，强调客观需要，由外界规则/环境决定结构：haveto+动词原形，有人称变化（hasto/hadto）don’thaveto表不必，语气委婉，表没有客观要求做某事例句：Shehastogetupearlyforschool.

Youdon’thavetofinishittoday.should/shouldn’t核心用法should表应该、应当，用于提建议、劝告，语气比must委婉shouldn’t表不应该，用于劝阻，语气温和，无强制意味结构：should/shouldn’t+动词原形，无人称变化例句：Youshouldwashyourhandsoften.

Youshouldn’twastefood.三类情态动词用法对比表情态动词核心含义语气强度核心考点must/mustn’t必须/禁止强/最强主观要求、绝对禁止haveto/don’thaveto不得不/不必中/弱客观需要、有人称变化should/shouldn’t应该/不应该中/中建议劝告、语气委婉must与haveto易混辨析must表主观意愿，说话人自己要求做某事，无时态变化haveto表客观被迫，外界因素要求做某事，有过去式hadto两者肯定式可互换，否定式不可：mustn’t(禁止)≠don’thaveto(不必)例句：Imuststudyhard.（自己想）Ihavetostudyhard.（家长要求）情态动词特殊用法拓展must除表“必须”，还可表肯定推测，意为“一定”例句：Thelightison.Hemustbeathome.haveto的将来式：willhaveto，表将来的客观要求例句：Wewillhavetotakeatesttomorrow.不定代词核心定义不定代词是指代不确定的人、事物或数量的代词不具体指明代替的对象，可指人、可指物在句中可作主语、宾语、表语，用法有固定规则本单元重点掌握8个高频不定代词：指人4个+指物4个指人不定代词用法指人不定代词：someone/anyone/noone/everyonesomeone（某人）：用于肯定句，表不确定的人anyone（任何人）：用于否定句/疑问句/条件句noone（没有人）：表否定，可单独作主语everyone（每个人）：用于肯定句，表全体指物不定代词用法指物不定代词：something/anything/nothing/everythingsomething（某事/物）：用于肯定句，表不确定的事物anything（任何事/物）：用于否定句/疑问句/条件句nothing（没有什么）：表否定，可单独作主语everything（一切）：用于肯定句，表所有事物不定代词核心用法要点1主谓一致：所有不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式这是高频考点，无论指人还是指物，均遵循此规则例句：Someoneiscallingyou.Everythingisready.Nooneknowstheanswer.Everyonelikesmusic.不定代词核心用法要点2形容词后置：形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在不定代词后面结构：不定代词+形容词，不可将形容词放在前面例句：somethinginteresting（有趣的事），

nothingimportant（无关紧要的事）anyoneclever（聪明的人），everythingnew（所有新事物）不定代词句式搭配拓展something/anyone等可用于表示请求、建议的疑问句中表委婉语气，此时不用考虑“疑问句用any”的规则例句：Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?Cansomeonehelpme?nothing与notanything同义转换nothing本身表否定，意为“没有什么”，可与notanything互换结构：nothing=not+anything，改写句子时可灵活替换例句：Thereisnothinginthebag.=Thereisn’tanythinginthebag.Iseenothing.=Idon’tseeanything.语法小练单项选择

1.You______touchthewetwire.It’sverydangerous.A.mustB.mustn’tC.havetoD.don’thaveto2.I______gotothedoctor.Ihaveabadcold.A.mustB.shouldC.havetoD.shouldn’t3.You______takeanumbrella.It’snotgoingtorain.A.mustn’tB.don’thavetoC.shouldn’tD.can’t4.______iswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.A.SomeoneB.AnyoneC.NooneD.EveryoneBCBA

5.You______readmorebooks.It’sgoodforyourstudy.A.mustB.havetoC.shouldD.can’t6.Thereis______wrongwithmyphone.Itdoesn’twork.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything7.Didyoufind______intheclassroomafterschool?A.someoneB.anyoneC.nooneD.everyone8.You______eattoomuchsugar.It’sbadforyourteeth.A.mustn’tB.don’thavetoC.shouldn’tD.can’tCABC

9.______likesthenewteacher.Sheiskindandhelpful.A.SomeoneB.AnyoneC.NooneD.Everyone10.Ididn’tbuy______formyparentsonmytrip.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything11.He______getupearlybecausehelivesfarfromschool.A.mustB.hastoC.shouldD.can12.Thereis______inthefridge.Let’sgoshopping.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everythingDBBC13.You______followthetrafficruleswhenyoucrosstheroad.A.mustB.shouldC.havetoD.AandC14.Isthere______interestingintoday’snewspaper?A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything15.You______worryabouthim.Hecantakecareofhimself.A.mustn’tB.don’thavetoC.shouldn’tD.can’tDBB语法小练用所给词适当形式填空

1.Youmust_________(obey)thetrafficruleswhenyoudrive.2.Shehasto_________(finish)herworkbefore5o’clock.3.Thereissomething____________(important)totellyou.4.Youshould_________(drink)morewatereveryday.5.Didyousee_________(someone)nearthepark?obeyfinishimportantdrinkanyone语法小练用所给词适当形式填空

6.Youmustn’t_________(smoke)inthepublicplace.7.Everyone_________(like)thebeautifulsceneryhere.8.Youdon’thaveto_________(come)totheofficeonweekends.9.Thereisnothing__________(difficult)intheexercise.10.Youshouldn’t__________(spend)toomuchtimeongames.smokelikescomedifficultspend语法小练句型转换

1.Youmustcleanyourroomeveryday.（改为否定句）You____________________yourroomeveryday.2.Hehastogotoschoolbybus.（改为一般疑问句）______he____________gotoschoolbybus?3.Thereissomethingnewinthemagazine.（改为否定句）Thereis____________inthemagazine.needn’tcleanDoeshavetonothingnew语法小练句型转换4.Youshouldgotobedearly.（改为否定句）You______________________tobedearly.5.IhavetostayathomebecauseI’mill.（对划线部分提问）____________you______tostayathome?6.Everyonelikesthismovie.（改为否定句）____________likesthismovie.shouldn’tgoWhydohaveNoone7.Youmustn’tswiminthisriver.（改为同义句）You_____________________________________swiminthisriver.8.Thereisnothinginthebox.（改为同义句）There_______________________inthebox.9.Shehastofinishtheworktoday.（改为否定句）She___________________________finishtheworktoday.10.Someoneisknockingatthedoor.（改为一般疑问句）____________________knockingatthedoor?arenotallowedtoisn’tanythingdoesn’thavetoIsanyone语法小练根据汉语完成句子1.你必须按时完成你的作业。You____________yourhomeworkontime.2.你不必今天去超市。明天去也可以。You__________________gotothesupermarkettoday.3.桌子上有一些好吃的东西。Thereis__________________onthetable.4.你应该多做运动来保持健康。You____________moreexercisetokeephealthy.5.没有人知道这个问题的答案。____________________theanswertothisquestion.mustfinishdon’thavetosomethingdeliciousshoulddoNooneknows语法拓展情态动词的回答must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t例句：—MustIgonow?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.should引导的疑问句，回答用should/shouldn’t，或Ithinkyoushould高频易错点