Unit1SectionA(4a-4c)课件人教版英语八年级下册

SectionA(4a-4c)GrammarTimetoRelax!Unit1Let’sguessWhatdopeopleusuallydowithit?Peopleusethebrushtodocalligraphy.Peopleusetheheadphonetolistentomusic.Peopleplaythebadmintontoexercise.AmagicbagPurpose:“To+Verb”主谓

SubjectVerb主谓宾

SubjectVerbObject主系表

SubjectVerbPredicate主谓宾

宾补

SubjectVerbObjectComplement系动词：1.be动词（am/is/are/was/were）2.感官动词（look,sound,feel...）3.变化类（become,get）/ˈpredɪkət/Shesings.Shesingsasong.Heishandsome.Sheteacheshimasong.

:

todo动词不定式是动词吗？动词在英语句子里扮演什么角色？非谓语动词动词不定式（todo）在英语句子里扮演什么角色？谓语动词01定义动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。基本形式：“to+动词原形”，常写作todo(有时to可省略)否定形式：“notto+动词原形”02构成03用法动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等。Shelikestoplaytheflute.Iwanttoswim.动词不定式作宾语紧跟在“计划、决定、想要”等及物动词后，作该动词的宾语。结构：及物动词+todosth.Shedecides

togoice-skating.Shedecided

togiveitago.常见的词类动词有：两个希望需要两答应:hope,wish,want,wouldlike,agree,promise两个要求莫拒绝:demand,ask,refuse设法学会做决定:manage,learn,decide不要假装在选择:pretend,choose动词不定式宾语宾补状语主语表语定语Herinstructortoldhernot

togiveupsoeasily.Myteacheraskedmetoreadmorebooks.Mydadencouragesme

nottogiveup

playingtheguitar.宾语补足语：用来补充说明宾语的情况。常见动词：advise,allow,ask,encourage,invite,teach,tell,want/wouldlike,expect等带to的不定式做宾语补足语+sb.todosth.否定：动词+sb.nottodosth.动词不定式宾语宾补状语主语表语定语不带to不定式作宾语补足语Thismoviemademefeelhappy.（1）用于使役动词(let，make，have等)后时，省略to。Myparentsletmewatchcartoonsfor20minuteseverynight.

我父母允许我每晚看20分钟动画片。ImadeAlicechangehermind.

我让爱丽丝改变了想法。Mymotheroftenhasmecleanmybedroomonweekends.我妈妈经常让我在周末打扫卧室。允许、放任（语气温和，无强制性）迫使、强迫（语气强硬，有强制性）让、叫、请（语气中性，偏“安排/请求”）动词不定式宾语宾补状语主语Shesawhermotherpaint.Iheardhimsingintheclassroom.不带to的不定式做宾语补足语（2）用于感官动词(如see,watch,notice,hear,feel等)后时，省略to。（3）help后,常省略to，也可不省略to。Pleasehelpme（to）finishthetask.

动词不定式宾语宾补状语主语seewatchhear......sb.doingdo强调动作的全过程，或动作是经常性、习惯性的强调动作正在进行，侧重动作的瞬间感官动词Isawtheoldmancrossthestreet.Isawthestudentstalkinghappily.Sheplaystheflutetorelax.Togetgoodgrades,

hestudieshard.

1.不定式可放在动词后，修饰动词，以表示动作的“目的”，作目的状语2.不定式放在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等形容词后，

作原因状语Iamglad

toseeyou.torelax(放松)修饰动词短语playtheflute,表示吹笛子是为了放松toseeyou(见到你)修饰形容词glad，表示“见到你”是“高兴的”动词不定式宾语宾补状语主语Readthesentences.Decideifeachinfinitiveinboldfunctionsasanobjectcomplementoradverbial.4aWhatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?Iplaytheflutetorelax.Howdidyouspendyourweekend?Iwenttothesportscentretoice-skate.Howdidyougetintopainting?Isawmymotherpaint.Idecidetogiveitago.Whatdidyourinstructorsay?Shetoldmenottogiveupsoeasily.在你的空闲时间你做什么？我吹笛子来放松。你怎样度过了你的周末？我去了体育中心去滑冰。你如何开始对画画感兴趣的？我看见了我妈妈画画，我决定试一试。你的指导员说了什么？她告诉我不要这么容易放弃。作目的状语作目的状语作宾补作宾补使役动词（如make、have、let等）和感官动词（

如see、watch、notice、hear、listento、feel等）后时，动词不定式通常省略to动词不定式做主语TolearnmoreaboutChinesehistory

isveryimportant.=ItisveryimportanttolearnmoreaboutChinesehistory

.Todo作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语后置。Itis+adj.+(forsb)todosthIt’sdifficultformetoplaybasketball.it(形式主语)todo(真正的主语)我是主语。我才是真的主语。真正主语形式主语动词不定式宾语宾补状语主语疑问词+todowhat,which,who,where,when,how+todo.Idon’tknowwheretogo.Iknowhow

tolearnEnglish.这结构往往跟在decide,know,ask,show,teach等动词后。Completetheconversationswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.4b1.A:Thanksforyouradvice!Itmademe

(decide)totryskiing.B:You’rewelcome.Try

(forget)yourfearsandhavefun!2.A:Mycousinoftenasksme

(fly)kiteswithherwhenit’swindy.B:Thatsoundsfun!I’dlovetowatchyou

(fly)kitessometime.3.A:Ilovetowatchkungfumovies

(relax).B:Really?WhenIwant

(relax),Iwatchanimalvideos.4.A:Myparentstoldme

(notpush)myselftoohard.B:Yes,it’simportant

(notforget)torelaxonceinawhile.decidetoforgettoflyflytorelaxtorelaxnottopushnottoforget间或；偶尔地pushoneself鞭策自己做宾补做宾语做宾补做宾补做目的状语做宾语做宾补做真正主语makesb.dosth.trytodosth.asksb.todosth.watchsb.dosth.wanttodosth.tellsb.nottodosth.Itis+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.TomandTimaretwinbrothers.Howdotheyspendtheirfreetime?Completethepassagewiththeinfinitiveformsoftheverbsinthebox.4cMytwinbrotherandIlookalike,butwearesodifferent.Ilovesport,andI

oftenmeetmyfriends_______footballandtennis.Mybrotherjoined

ustoplayfootballonceortwice,buthedecided________afterthat.

Hedoesn’tlikesportverymuch!Instead,helikes_______athome

and______movies,_______tomusic,and

chatwith

friendsonline.Ourparentswereworriedabouthimstayinghometoomuch.

Theyalsowantedus__________moretimetogetherasafamily.So,now

theyletus_____ourfavouriteactivitiesonSaturdays,butonSundays,

wegoonafamilyoutingtogether!to

playto

staywatchlisten

(not)comedolistenplayspendstaywatchnot

to

comedoto

spendWhatdothetwinsliketodo?Whatdoyouusuallydooutdoors?Why?4cYoucansharelikethis:Iusuallygoskateboardingoutdoorstohavefun.Ithinkit’sagoodwaytoenjoytheviewalongtheway.summary动词不定式形式：to+动词原形（to有时省略）否定：notto+动词原形没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语概述用法作宾语作宾补作目的状语作主语to的省略疑问词+不定式常用it作形式主语want,refuse,forget;need,try,learn…it作形式宾语ask,tell,want,teach,wish,help…可放句首，一般用逗号隔开，也可放句尾感官动词+使役动词summaryIdecide________tothemountains,butmysisterwants________athome.A.going;staying B.togo;staying C.going;tostay D.togo;tostay2—Doyouknowhow________thismachine?—Yes,myfathertaughtmelastweek.A.operate B.operating C.tooperate D.operated3Ioftenforget______thedoorwhenIleavehome,butyesterdayIremembered______it.A.tolock;locking B.locking;tolock C.tolock;tolock D.locking;locking1Multiplechoice.1.LisaandBettylikeplayingping-pong,sotheychoose_________(join)theping-pongclub.2.Theteacherasksus_________(speak)Englishinclass.3.Whenyouplan________(join)aclub,thetestcansharesomegoodideas.4.Itisbest___________(notagree)withotherswithoutfurtherthinking.5.It’simportantforparents_________(teach)theirkidstousedigitaldevicesproperly.6.

Look!Theteenagersaremakingcards_________(show)lovefortheirmothers.tojoin用单词的适当形式填空。tospeaktojoinnottoagreetoteachtoshowgetinto开始做某事；进入It’snevertoolatetogetintoanewsport.开始一项新的运动

永远不嫌晚。1.Howdidyougetintopainting?你是怎么开始画画的?getinto还可表示“处于(某种情形)；养成(某种习惯)”。Nobodywantstogetintotrouble.没有人想惹上麻烦。Hegotintothehabitofreadingbeforegoingtobed.他养成了睡前读书的习惯。Languagepoints此处go作名词，意为“尝试，一番努力”，复数形式为goes。eg:Hewashesitantatfirst,buthedecidedtogiveitago.他一开始犹豫，但还是决定试一试。eg:Ittookthreegoestogetitright.试了三次才把它弄好。2.Idecidedtogiveitago.我决定试一试。(