Unit1ArtDiscoverusefulstructures课件-高中英语人教版（2019）选择性

DiscoveringUsefulStructuresP5不定式作表语

新人教选择性必修Book3Unit1ArtLearningobjectivesInthisclass,youwillidentifytheusageofinfinitivesaspredicative;applyinfinitivescorrectlyinrealsituation.Present:Readthefollowingsentencesfromthetext1.Itishardtogiveaprecisedefinition.很难给出一个精确的定义。2.

itisimpossibletodescribethemallinashorttext.在短短一篇文章中描述所有风格是不可能的。3.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.或许理解西方艺术的最佳方式是纵观西方绘画数个世纪以来的发展历程。4.DuringtheMiddleAges,thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是向人们传授基督教知识。Present:Readthefollowingsentencesfromthetext5.

Themaincharacterswereoftenmademuchlargerthaneveryoneelsetoshowtheirimportance.主要人物往往被画得比其他人高大得多，以显示其重要性。6.

Thisbegantochangeinthe13thcenturywithGiottodiBondone.这种情况在13世纪随着乔托·迪·邦多纳的出现开始改变。7.

Theybegantoadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.他们开始采取更加人文主义的生活态度。8.

InfluentialpainterssuchasLeonardodaVinci,Michelangelo,andRaphaelbuiltuponGiottoandMasaccio'sinnovationstoproducesomeofthegreatestartthatEuropehadeverseen.极具影响力的画家如列奥纳多·达·芬奇、米开朗基罗和拉斐尔等在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上，创作出了欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。Present:Readthefollowingsentencesfromthetext9.

Kings,nobles,andpeopleofhighrankwantedtopurchaseaccuratepicturesofthemselvesandthepeopletheyloved.国王、贵族和高级阶层人士想要购买自己和他们所爱之人的精确画像。10.Afterthat,paintingswerenolongerneededtopreservewhatpeopleandtheworldlookedlike.在那之后，绘画不再需要保存人物和世界的模样。11.Inthiswork,Monet'saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescenethesubjectiveimpressionthescenegavehimbutnotadetailedrecordofthesceneitself.在这幅作品中，莫奈的目标是传达场景中的光线和动态——即场景给他带来的主观印象——而非对场景本身的详细记录。12.Hesoughttoshownotjusttheouterimageofhissubjects,buttheirinnerwarmthandhumanityaswell.他试图展现的不仅仅是描绘对象的外在形象，还有他们内在的热情和人性。Present:Readthefollowingsentencesfromthetext13.AfterImpressionism,subsequentartistsbegantoask,"Whatdowedonext?"印象派之后，随后的艺术家们开始问："我们接下来做什么？14.PainterssuchasPicassotriedtoanalysetheshapeswhichexistedinthenaturalworldbutinanewway,withCubism.像毕加索这样的画家尝试以一种新的方式——立体主义，来分析存在于自然世界中的形状。15.Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,"Whatisart?"他们试图做的已不再是展现现实，而是提出"什么是艺术？"这个问题。16.Finally,mostclientswantedpaintingsthatwerebeautifulandinterestingtolookat.最后，大多数主顾都希望画作看起来美丽且有趣。Observe:thinkofthefunctionoftheinfinitives1.Itishardtogiveaprecisedefinition.很难给出一个精确的定义。2.

itisimpossibletodescribethemallinashorttext.在短短一篇文章中描述所有风格是不可能的。3.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.或许理解西方艺术的最佳方式是纵观西方绘画数个世纪以来的发展历程。4.DuringtheMiddleAges,thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是向人们传授基督教知识。作真正主语，it为形式主语作真正主语，it为形式主语作定语，修饰名词way作表语，说明主语way的内容作表语，说明主语purpose的内容Observe:thinkofthefunctionoftheinfinitives5.

Themaincharacterswereoftenmademuchlargerthaneveryoneelsetoshowtheirimportance.主要人物往往被画得比其他人高大得多，以显示其重要性。6.

Thisbegantochangeinthe13thcenturywithGiottodiBondone.这种情况在13世纪随着乔托·迪·邦多纳的出现开始改变。7.

Theybegantoadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.他们开始采取更加人文主义的生活态度。8.

InfluentialpainterssuchasLeonardodaVinci,Michelangelo,andRaphaelbuiltuponGiottoandMasaccio'sinnovationstoproducesomeofthegreatestartthatEuropehadeverseen.极具影响力的画家如列奥纳多·达·芬奇、米开朗基罗和拉斐尔等在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上，创作出了欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。作宾语，动词began的宾语作目的状语，说明使主要人物更大的目的作宾语，动词began的宾语作目的状语，说明创新的目的Observe:thinkofthefunctionoftheinfinitives9.

Kings,nobles,andpeopleofhighrankwantedtopurchaseaccuratepicturesofthemselvesandthepeopletheyloved.国王、贵族和高级阶层人士想要购买自己和他们所爱之人的精确画像。10.Afterthat,paintingswerenolongerneededtopreservewhatpeopleandtheworldlookedlike.在那之后，绘画不再需要保存人物和世界的模样。11.Inthiswork,Monet'saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescenethesubjectiveimpressionthescenegavehimbutnotadetailedrecordofthesceneitself.在这幅作品中，莫奈的目标是传达场景中的光线和动态——即场景给他带来的主观印象——而非对场景本身的详细记录。12.Hesoughttoshownotjusttheouterimageofhissubjects,buttheirinnerwarmthandhumanityaswell.他试图展现的不仅仅是描绘对象的外在形象，还有他们内在的热情和人性。作宾语，动词wanted的宾语目的状语，说明需要绘画的目的作表语，说明主语aim的内容作宾语，动词sought的宾语Observe:thinkofthefunctionoftheinfinitives13.AfterImpressionism,subsequentartistsbegantoask,"Whatdowedonext?"印象派之后，随后的艺术家们开始问："我们接下来做什么？14.PainterssuchasPicassotriedtoanalysetheshapeswhichexistedinthenaturalworldbutinanewway,withCubism.像毕加索这样的画家尝试以一种新的方式——立体主义，来分析存在于自然世界中的形状。15.Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,"Whatisart?"他们试图做的已不再是展现现实，而是提出"什么是艺术？"这个问题。16.Finally,mostclientswantedpaintingsthatwerebeautifulandinterestingtolookat.最后，大多数主顾都希望画作看起来美丽且有趣。作宾语，动词began的宾语作宾语，动词tried的宾语作宾语，动词attempted的宾语作状语，表示“在观赏方面有趣”Readthesentencesbelowandfillintheblanksusingthecorrectwordsfromthetextonpages2and3(p.5).1.Perhapsthebest_________tounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.2.DuringtheMiddleAges,the__________ofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.3.Inthiswork,Monet’s________wastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene…4.________________________Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,"Whatisart?"

waypurposeaimWhattheyattemptedtodoTheinfinitivesareusedaspredicative(表语).1.Theyoungsinger’sintentionofperformingthesongwas________________________________________.(和他

的歌迷们分享他对摇滚音乐的热爱)2.Thebestwaytodobusinessis___________________________________.(建立你和客户之间的信任)3.Whatthesurvivorsattemptedtodowas

_____________

_______________________________________.(建造

一座纪念碑纪念那些拯救了他们生命的英雄们)tosharehisloveforrockmusicwithhisfanstobuildtrustbetweenyou

memorialtotheheroeswhosavetheirlivesintentionwayWhatthesurvivorsattemptedtodo表“意愿”表“做法”表“该件事尚未完成”andyourclienttobuildaExplore:completethefollowingsentenceswithinfinitivesandpayattentiontothesubjects(p.5).4.Themainpurposeofarteducationinschoolsis____________________________.(启发学生有创造力)5.Theaimofthetwoleadersattheconferencewas_________________________________________________________.(在两国之间建立永远的和平。)6.Forahumbleperson,oneofthehardestthingsmightbe

_____________________.(批评其他人)toinspirestudentstobecreativetoachievepermanentpeacebetweentheirtwotocriticizeotherpeoplepurpose表“目的”aim表“目的”oneofthehardestthings表“行为方法”countries7.Whenyouarefacedwithaseriousdecision,mysuggestionis

____________________________.(聆听你自己内心的声音)8.Themotherbelievesherdutyis_______________________________________________________.(抚养儿子成为一个有高尚思维和大方心胸的人)9.Allhewantedafteratiringdaywas_________________.(自己一个人呆着)tolistentoyourowninnervoicebeamanwithanoblemindandageneroushearttobelefttoraisehersonto

suggestion表“建议”dutyAllhewanted表“责任”表“该件事尚未完成”alone动词不定式作表语InfinitivesasthepredicativeSummary一、什么是表语？在英语中表示主语的身份,状态,特征等的部分叫表语。位于系动词之后,与之构成系表结构。二、动词不定式作表语的结构

am/is/are/was/were+不定式三、不定式作表语的使用情况1.紧跟在系动词后面，如be,seem,remain,appear,get等，用来说明主语的内容。2.主语以way,aim,duty,hope,dream,idea,intention,purpose,mistake,plan,proposal,job,suggestion,task等抽象名词为中性词的名词词组，常在“be动词”后作表语。

e.g.Thepurposeofeducationis

todevelop

afinepersonalityinchildren.教育的目的是发展儿童良好的品格 1.表示目的Thepurposeistounderstand

exactlywhatconveysinthecontemporarypainting.

目的就是要弄清楚这幅当代画所表达的确切

内涵。2.表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果及预言Webelievemanistolive

abetterlifeinthefuture.

我们相信人类在将来会生活得更好。四、动词不定式作表语的功能3.表示“安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。Iam

toset

outforChinanextweek.

下周我要动身到中国去。

Youaretohaveaface-to-facetalkwiththem.

你应该和他们当面谈一谈。Childrenarenottosmoke.

儿童不准吸烟。（安排）（劝告）（禁止）4.用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求意见。WhatamI

todo

ifIcan’tgainentry

tothefinal?

如果不能进入决赛，我该怎么办呢？四、动词不定式作表语的功能1.不定式短语tolet，toblame，toseek等常用

主动形式表示被动含义五、不定式作表语的特殊用法Thehouseistolet.这栋房子要出租。Whoistoblame

forthepopulationdecline

ofthetigersinthatarea?谁应该为那个地区老虎数量的下降负责任？Thereasonforglobalwarmingisnotfartoseek.全球变暖的原因不难找到。2.当主语部分含有动词do

的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可省略to。

Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolongershow

reality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”他们尝试做的不再是展示真实，而是去问“艺术是什么？”这个问题。Anythingwecandoisguarantee

itwillbedeliveredontime.我们能做的只是保证按时交货。五、不定式作表语的特殊用法Apply:Rewriteeachsentenceusingtheinfinitiveasthepredicative.(p.62)1.Ifyoureallywanttolearndriving,goingtoadrivingschoolmightbethebestchoice.(myadviceis…)→

Ifyouwanttolearndriving,myadviceistogotoadrivingschool.2.Heboughtthecomputerjustbecausehewouldratherworkathomethangototheoffice.(Thereasonthat…)→____________________________________________________________________________________Thereasonthatheboughtthecomputeristoworkathomeratherthangototheoffice.3.Doingdeepbreathingexercisesfortenminutescanmakeyoufeelmorerelaxed.(Agoodwaytorelaxis…)→____________________________________________________________________________________4.ThisyearIhopeIcanachievemygoalofperformingaflutesolo(独奏)attheschool'sartfestival.(Mygoalthisyearis…)→____________________________________________________________________________________Agoodwaytorelaxistododeepbreathingexercisesfortenminutes.Mygoalthisyearistoperformaflutesoloattheschool'sartfestival.5.Totellyouthetruth,ItakeyogaclassessimplybecauseIwanttostayinshape.(…,mypurpose…)→____________________________________________________________________________________6.Withhiscarstuckinthesnow,hecoulddonothingbutwaitforhelptoarrive.(…,allhecoulddowas…)→____________________________________________________________________________________Totellyouthetruth,mypurposeoftakingyogaclassesistostayinshape.Withhiscarstuckinthesnow,allhecoulddowaswaitforhelptoarrive.Apply:Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.(p.62)StarPrimarySchool'sartstudio,Room26,isopentoanychildatplaytime,lunchtime,orafterschool.OnFridays,ifthechildrenhavecompletedalltheirschoolwork,theycanspendtherestofdaythere.ArtistBobSmithandhisassistantJoanGrantGibbaretheonlyadults___________(work)there.Theyarethechildren'semployees.Room26isanindependentbusinessseparatefromtheschool,andhasacommitteeofmembersallundertheageof12.Forthecommittee,theyneedtothinkofsomeways__________(make)endsmeet.Theytakeandsellschoolphotographs.Theyalsomakecards________(sell).Anotherwayofmanagingtheirfinancesis_________(raise)morefunds.Thustheycanpayforartmaterialsandemployprofessionalartists.workingtomaketoselltoraiseApply:Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.(p.62)Insteadof_______(teach)howtodraw,thepurposeofRoom26is_______(offer)akindofcreativeeducation.InRoom26,studentsareencouraged_______(be)creativeandresponsibleforthemselves.Theyhavethefreedom_____________(pursue)theirownideasandinterestsratherthan__________(follow)acurriculum.teachingtooffertobetopursuefollow词块：beopento对……开放atplaytime/lunchtime/afterschool在课间/午餐时间/放学后therestof……的剩余部分undertheageof在……岁以下makeendsmeet收支平衡，维持生计payfor支付insteadof代替，而不是beencouragedtodo被鼓励做某事beresponsiblefor对……负责ratherthan而不是havethefreedomtodo有做某事的自由artstudio艺术工作室independentbusiness独立经营的企业committee委员会managefinances管理财务raisefunds筹集资金employprofessionalartists聘请专业艺术家creativeeducation创意教育curriculum课程（大纲）Create:useinfinitivestoanswerthequestionsandmakeconversations.1.What’syourbiggestdream/ambitioninlife?2.Howareyougoingtomakeyourdreamcometrue?3.Howareyougoingtoachieveyourgoal?4.Doyouhaveanyplans?5.Whatmightbedifficultforyou?6.Howareyougoingtodealwith...?Example:Mybiggestambitioninlifeistobeastorywriter.IthinkallIhavetodoisreadbooksandpractisewriting.Myplanistomakeareadinglistandfinishitinhalfayear...Preparetogiveaspeechentitled“IHaveADream”.Yourspeechshouldincludetheanswersoftheabovequestions.·Mybiggestdream/ambitioninlifeisto____.·IthinkallIhavetodois________________.·Myplanisto_________________________.·Ithinkoneofthehardestthingmightbe_____.·Iguessthebestwayto______is___________.IHaveADream___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thefollowingsheetwillbehelpfultoyourdraft.IHaveADreamHello,everyone!TodayI’mheretosharewithyoumydream.Mybiggestdreaminlifeisto_______.PeoplemightwonderwhyIhadsuchaspecialdream.Well,it’sbecause________________.Ireallywanttorealisethisdream.IthinkallIhavetodois________.Torealisemygoal,myplanisto______.Tobehonest,Idounderstanditisnevereasytopursueadream.Oneofthehardestthingsmightbe________.However,nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.Difficultasitis,Iguessthebestwayto_______is____.Iamproudofmydream,andIwilldeinitelyfightforit!Thankyouforlistening.IHaveADreamHello,everyone!TodayI'mheretosharewithyoumydream.Mybiggestdreaminlifeistobecomearuralteacher.PeoplemightwonderwhyIhadsuchaspecialdream.Well,it'sbecauseIgrewupinasmallvillageandIknowhoweagerthosechildrenareforknowledge,yethowshortofqualifiedteacherstheirschoolsare.Ireallywanttorealisethisdream.IthinkallIhavetodoisstudyhardandgainenoughknowledgeandskills.Torealisemygoal,myplanistomajorineducationatuniversity,participateinvolunteerteachingprogramsduringvacations,andapplytoteachinruralare