大学英语四级模拟试卷823

大学英语四级模拟试卷823

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteALetterofApplication.You

shouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.所修

专业、学习成绩2.英语水平3.能力及业余爱好ALetterofApplication

标准答案：ALetterofApplicationDearSir/Madam,MynameisLiMing,Iamwriting

toyoutoinquire,whetherthereisanopeninginyourcompany.Ihavenowcompletedall

thecoursesrequiredforastudentmajoringincomputer.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10

分。）

ElectionThefocalpointofAmericanpoliticallifeisthepresidentialelection.More

citizensparticipateinthisprocessthaninanyotheraspectofciviclife,andtheirchoice

hasenormoussignificanceforthenationand,indeed,fbrtheworld.IntheUnitedStates,

thepresidenttechnicallyisnotdirectlyelectedbythepeoplebutbyabodyestablished

undertheConstitutioncalledtheElectoralCollege.Itsmembersaresupposedtomirror

thewishesofthevotersintheirstate.RecentTurnout（参与人数）However,between

1964and1988,turnoutinpresidentialelectionsslowlydeclined,from62%to50%.In

1992,turnoutincreasedslightly,to54%.Thatis,ofallcitizenswhocouldhaveregistered

tovote,barelyhalfvoted.Thismeansthatthewinnerofapresidentialelectionmight

havereceivedonlyone-fourthofthevotesofpotentialvoters.WhoDocsNotVote?

Beforewecanexplainwhysomepeopledonotvote,weneedtoseewhothenonvoters

are.Themostimportantthingtorememberisthatvotingisrelatedtoeducation,income,

andoccupation,ihalis,tosocioeconomicclass.Forexample,ifyouareacollege

graduate,thechancesareabout80%thatyouwillvote:ifyouhavelessthanahigh

schooleducation,thechancesareonlyabouthalfthat.Differencesbetweenhigher-and

lower-incomepeoplearealsoquitelarge.Twooutofthreenonvotershaveincomes

belowtheaverage.Thisclassgapinturnoutiswidening.Althoughvotingamongall

groupsofAmericanshasdeclinedinthepast30years,theproportionofcollcgc-cducatcd

personswhoparticipatedfellbylessthan10%whilethatofhighschool-educated

personsdroppedbynearly20%.1houghmanypeopletakeitforgrantedthatthoseinthe

workingclassvoteatlowerratesthanthoseinthemiddleandupperclasses,intheUnited

Statesthesedifferencesarefarwiderthaninothernationsandfarwiderthanin

nineteenth-centumAmerica.Sothereappearstobesomethinguniqueaboutthe

contemporaryAmericanpoliticalsystemthatinhibitsvotingparticipationsofallcitizens,

butparticularlythosewhoseincomeandeducationallevelsarcbelowtheaverage.Voting

isalsomuchmorecommonamongolderthanyoungpeople.Thepopularimpressionthat

youngpeopleoftenparticipateinpoliticswasreinforcedduringtheVietnamyears,v/hen

collegecampusesexplodedwithanti-wardissent.Infact,however,youngpeoplevote

muchlessfrequentlythantheirelders.Thoseintheir40sandolderhaveestablishedtheir

careersandfamilies,andtheyhavemoretimeandmoneytodevotetovotingandother

politicalactivities.WhyTurnoutisLow?Thereareanumberofpossiblereasonswhy

Americansesp.low-incomeandyoungAmericans,donotvote.Onereasonisthatnon­

votersaresatisfied:failingtovoteisapassiveformofconsenttowhatgovernmentis

doing.Aboutone-thirdofagroupofnon-votersinthe1.990election,whenaskedwhy

theydidnotvote,gavereasonssuggestingtheyweredisgustedwithpolitics.Thepublic

wascondemningthelackofrealissuesinthecampaign,thenegativeadvertising,the

constantattentionpaidbytelevisiontothepollstellingpeoplehowtheyweregoingto

vote.Infact,tnmoutisinversely（成反比1也）relatedtomediaspending;themorethe

candidatesspend,thelowertheturnout.Inadditiontothequalityofthecampaigns,some

peoplethinkturnouthasdeclinedbecausetheelectionsaresofrequent,campaignslastso

longandsomanyarecontestedthatthepublicbecomesbored,confused,orimpatient.At

thepresidentiallevel,thesheerquantityofcoverage,muchofitfocusedrepetitivelyon

"who'swinning",maysimplyborepeople.Moreover,thecontinualpublicpollingandthe

widelypublicizedresultsmayleadsometobelievetheydon'tneedtovote.Thenecessity

ofregisteringhasalsobeenamajorimpedimenttovoting.Aboutone-quarterofnon­

voterssurveyedin1990indicatedtheydidnotvotebecauseiiwastoodifficult.One

popularproposalistoallowvoterstoregisterwhentheygotothepollingplaceon

ElectionDay.Thiswouldreducethecostsofvotingbyreducingthetimespentinfinding

andgoingtotheregistrationoffice.Moreover,byallowingsame-dayregistration,states

wouldputfewerpremiumsonpermanenceofresidence.WhoRunsforPresident?Most

peoplehavelittlechanceofbeingpresident:Theyareunknowntothepublic,theydonot

havethefinancialresourcesorcontactstoraisethemoneyneededforanational

campaign,theyhavejobstheycouldnotleavetomnaseriouscampaign,andtheir

friendswouldprobablyridiculethemforeventhinkingofsuchathing.Butafewpeople

areinadifferentposition.Mostcandidatesforpresidentare,infact,senatorsor

governors.Vicepresidentsalsofrequentlyrun,butuntilGeorgeBush'svictory,theyhad

notbeensuccessfulinthiscentury.HowaCandidateWinstheNomination?Theprocess

toselectthenextpresidentoftheUnitedStatesanddeterminewhichpoliticalparty

wouldcontrolCongressandthe50stategovernmentsin2001officiallykickedoffwith

theJanuary24IowaCaucuses（候选人提名会议）andtheFebruary1NewHampshire

PrimaryElection.ItendedwiththeNovember7generalelectionandtheJanuary20,

2001inanguration（就职典礼）.Presidentialcandidatestrytowinamajorityofdelegates

attheirparty'snationalnominatingconventioninthesummerprecedingtheNovember

election.Delegatestothoseconventionsareelectedinstatecaucuses,conventions,and

primaries.Candidatesmustcampaigntowinthesupportofthosewhoattendcaucuses

andconventionsandofprimaryvoters.Normally,candidatesformallyannouncetheir

candidaciesintheyearprecedingthepresidentialelectionyear.Thentheiraimisto

persistandsurvivethelongprimaryandcaucusseasonthatbeginsinFebruaryofelection

yearandcontinuesuntilonlyonecandidateisleft.TheNationalConventionOnce

selected,delegatesattendtheirparty'snationalnominatingconventioninthesummer

beforetheNovemberelection.Changeinpartyruleshavereducedtheconvention'srole

fromanarenawherepowerfulpartyleaderscametogetheranddeterminedtheparty's

nomineetoabodythatapprovesachoicebasedontheoutcomeoftheprimariesand

caucuses.Withthebeginningofradiocoveragein1924andtelevisioncoveragein1940,

theconventionshavebecomemediaevents.Thepartiestrytoputonashowthatthey

hopewillattractvoterstotheircandidates.

2、IntheUnitedStates,thepresidentisdirectlyelectedbythepeople.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题信息在第一段第三句"IntheUnitedStates,...theElectoral

Collcgc-o从中可知，美国总统并不是由民众直接选出来的。

3、Votingisrelatedtosocioeconomicstatus.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题信息在第三段的第二句"Themostimportantthing…，to

socioeconomicclass."。句中的"class”和题干中的"status”属同义词,意为“社会地

位，社会阶层因此，本题出题技巧又是“同义替换

4、YoungpeoplearcmoreactivethantheireldersinVoting.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第五段第一句"Votingisalsomuchmorecommonamongolderthan

youngpeople"©本段第三句"Infact,...theirelders”也加强了题干的意思。

5、Onereasonofthelowturnoutisthatthenon-voterspassivelyagreetowhat

governmentisdoing.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第七段“Onereason...whatgovernmentisdoig”的意思是：投票率的降

低是人民对政府所作所为的一种被动赞同的体现形式。句中consent一词与题干中

的agreement一词为同义词。

6、Turnoutisproportionallyrelatedtomediaspending.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析:本题对应信息在第八段第三句"Infact,…thelowertheturnout."。本句

的大意是：投票率的高低与媒体宣传成本是成反比例的。句中的关键“inversely”（成

反比例）与题干中的“proportionaHy”（成比例）互为反义词。知道了这一点，题目就不

难做了。

7、Vicepresidentsstandagreatchanceofwinningpresidentialelections.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第四个小标题下第二段第二句"Vicepresidents...inthiscountry”说明了

美国总统选举史上的一个怪现象：副总统也经常参选总统职位，但在乔治・布什之

前，还没有一位能获胜。题干中的“standagreatchance”这一词组可能会成为部分考

生的障碍。它的意思为“有机会；有可能

8、GeorgeWashingtonwasthefirstpresidentoftheUnitedSlates.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题用了一个常识来误导考生。是的，乔治・华盛顿是美国第一任总

统，但这一信息并没有在文章中提及。四级新题型的快速阅读这一板块中，最容易

出错的就是“NG”这一题型，因为它经常与“N”相混淆。

9、Aboutofnon-votersinvestigatedin1990statedtheydidnotvotebecauseit

wastoodifficult.

标准答案：one-quarter

知识点解析：本题相应信息在第三个小标题下第四段的第二句"Aboutone-

quarter…toodifficult.”。

10、ThepresidentelectedonNovember7,2000tookofficeon.

标准答案：January20,2001

知识点解析：本题相应信息在倒数第五段最后一句"Itended...theJanuary20,2001

inauguration"。关键是要理解题干中的“tookoffice”一词。它的意思是“薪职；上

任“。它与原句中的“inauguration”属同义词。

11、Withthebeginningofand,thenationalconventionshavebecome

mediaevents.

标准答案：radiocoverage：televisioncoverage

知识点解析：文章最后一段第一句"Withthebeginning...mediaevents”提供了题干所

需的信息。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分0）

12、

ANBemuseshedidn'tknowhowtousethenewoven.

B、Becausetherewassomethingwrongwithheroven.

C>Becauseshewantedtohaveherrefrigeratorfixed.

D^Becausethereissomethingwrongwiththefood.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、

A、BobwillseeSusantomorrowevening.

B、Bobaskedthewomantocomeanothertime.

CNBobandSusanhavedecidedtogoonaholiday.

D、Bobmightbeathomelatetomorrowevening.

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、

A、Stayinthedormitory.

B、Findoutthecostoflivinginthedormitory.

C、Askforareductioninhisrent.

D、Moveintoanapartmentwitharoommate.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

A、Shehasboughtanewone.

B、Sheonlyhasanoldone.

C^Shehasnoneatpresent.

D、Hersisterhasgivenherone.

标准答案：C'

知识点解析：暂无解析

16、

A、Thetreesaxebeingcutdown.

Thetreeshelpcoolhishouse.

C、Heneedsmoreair-conditioning.

D、Thetreesaxeblockinghisview.

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

A^Johnisafastworker.

JohndidJack'shomework.

C、Johnhasnotfinishedhishomework.

D^Johndidn'tdothehomeworkonhisown.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

A、Thursdaynight.

Fridaymorning.

C^Mondaynight.

D、Thursdaymorning.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A、Themanattendedtheconcert,butdidn'tlikeit.

B、Themanwassorrytomissthefootballgame.

C、Themanwasmoreinterestedinfootballthaninclassicalmusic.

D、Themanwassorrythathemissedtheconcert.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题7.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、Toinvitehimtoattendaseminar.

B、Toinformhimaboutsomechangesinthearrangementforhisseminar.

C、Toinvitehimtovisitthelab.

D、Toinformhimthattheseminarhasbeenpostponed.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Aprojectorandawirelessmicrophone.

B>APowerPointprojectorandanoverheadprojector.

C、Aprojectorandamicrophoneonthepodium.

D、Awirelessmicrophoneandamicrophoneonthepodium.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A、Heisdisappointed.

B、Heispleased.

C、Heisindifferent.

D、Heisangry.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A、Astudygroup.

B、Ahistoryexam.

C>Theman'spainting.

D、Aprofessionalartist.

标准答案：c

知识点解析：综合推断题。结合听力材料可知，对话一直围绕男士的画作展开，所

以C正确。

24、

A^Makingagiftforthewoman.

B、Workingonaclassassignment.

C、Discussinghiscareer.

D、Preparingtoteachanartclass.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：信息明示题。对,话开始时男士说It'sformystudioartclass,所以B正

确。

25、

A、Bylisteningloherfather.

B、Byworkingforanartist.

C、Bytalkingtothestudioartinstructor.

D、Bytakingseveralartcourses.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：综合推断题。当男士问女工是否上过绘画课时，女士回答说没有，接

着说她的父亲是位画家，由此推断，女士是从父亲那儿学到有关绘画的知识的，故

选Ao

26、

A^Takeahistoryexam.

B、Gotoanartexhibit.

C、Meetsomeclassmates.

D、Helpthemanwithhispainting.

标准答案：A一

知识点解析：信息明示题。女士最后说Ihavetotakeahistoryexam...Iwasjuston

mywaytotheclassroom,由此可知，女士接下来要去参加历史考试，所以A正

确。

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Toemployathletesasambassadorsofsportsmanship.

Toinfluencedecisionmakerstosupportstarathletes.

C、TosupportchildrenindevelopingcountrieswithheroesinOlympics.

D、Tobringchildrenindevelopingcountriesgoodsportsandplayprograms.

标准答案：D「」'

知识点解析：题目问“运动的权力”这一国际组织的功能。短文中提到“Itbrings

sportsandplaytochildrenindevelopingcountries,\可见这一组织的目的是让发展中

国家的孩子能有机会参加运动比赛。

28、

A、1,000dollars.

B、40,000dollars.

C、25,000dollars.

D、15,000dollars.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：题目问JoeyCheek获得金牌后从美国奥委会获得多少奖金。短文中

提至『'TheUnitedStatesOlympicCommitteegavehim40,000dollarsinprizemoney,

25»000dollarsforhisgoldmedal»and15,000forIhesilver”，可见25000美元是金

牌的奖励；

29、

A、Bycreatingchancesofteamwork.

B、Bysupportingpeopleinwarareas.

C、Bycollectingmoneyforchildren.

D、Byteachingchildrenspeedskating.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题目间运动比赛如何让孩子在社交方面受益。短文提到“Sportscan

helpcreateconnectionsbetweenchildrenandadults.Theycanalsobringchildren

togethertolearnteamwork,conflictresolutionandculturalunderstanding'',由止匕可见

A）正确。

30、

A、InDakota.

B、InHawaii.

C、InNewYork.

D、InEngland.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此题与地点有关，在听短文时应留意相关的句子。四个选项分别出现

在以下的几个句子中："outsidehishomeinDakotaApartmentBuildinginNewYork

City”此句说明Dakota为公寓楼的名字，公寓位于纽约市。而听到的“outsidehis

home”说明案件是在公寓外发生的。叮hekiller…fromHawaii则说明凶手来自夏威

夷。此题的问题是"WherewasJohnLennonmurdered?"o正确答案应该是Co

31、

A、Thedoorman.

B、OneoftheBeatles.

C、A20-year-oldyoungman.

D、AfanoftheBeatlesandJohnLennon.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此题从选项中可推断问题可能与人的身份有关。首先可排除C,因为

听到的内容是“25-year-olcT。此题问题是“Whowasthekiller?”。根据所听到的"The

killerwas25-year-oldMarkChapman…”以及"ChapmanwasafanoftheBeatlesand

Lennon'1o可推断出D为正确选项。

32、

A、HeshotJohnbyaccident.

B、HewasafanoftheBeatles.

C^Heknewwhathewasdoing.

D、HeaskedJohnLennonforhissignature.

标准答案:A

知识点解析：四个选项都为陈述句型，因此其中的谓语至关重要。这种选项的提问

一般为"what","why"或者是判断正误。从听到的"Doyouknowwhatyoujustdid?"以

及"IjustshotJohnLennon"可知A项的内容不正确。B、C均符合所听的内容。D项

从"hehasaskedLennonforhisautograph"可推断为正确的。此题的问题是："Which

ofthefollowingisNOTtrueofthekiller?",因此A项为正确答案。如果已判定A项

明显不属实，则根本不用考虑B、C、Do

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

33、

A、Youreyesight.

Yourdrivingability.

C>Yourcarsmechanicalcondition.

D^Yourknowledgeoftrafficregulations.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、

A、Topracticedrivingwithanexperienceddriver.

B、Todriveundernormalhighwaycondition.

C、Tohavethecarcheckedbythelicenseofficer.

D、Touseitasanidentificationcard.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：哲无解析

35、

A、Thelicenseofficeprovidesthetestvehicle.

B、Theexaminershowshowtostart,stoporpark.

C、Theexaminerwatchesyoudrivinginyourcar.

D、Thetestiscarriedoutwherethereislittletraffic.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、

A、Two.

B、Three.

C>Four.

D、Five.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题1.0分，共

〃分。）

Americansbelievethatindividualsmustlearnto[Bl],onthemselvesorrisklosing

free-dom.Thismeans[B2]bothfinancialand[B3]independencefromtheirparents

asearlyaspossible,usuallybyage18to21ItmeansthatAmericans[B4]theyshould

takecareofthemselves,[B5]theirownproblems,andstandontheirowntwofeet.This

serf-reliancecontinuestodayasabasicAmerican[B6].Thisisperhapsoneofthemost

difficult[B7]oftheAmericancharactertounderstand,butitis[B8]important.

Americansbelievethattheymustbeself-reliantinordertokeeptheirfreedom.[B9],

theymaynotbefreetodowhattheywant.[BIO].Eveniftheyarenottrulyself-

reliant,mostAmericansbelievetheymustatleastappeartobeso.Inordertobeinthe

mainstreamofAmericanlife—tohavepowerandrespect-individualmustbeasseenas

self-reliant.Althoughreceivingfinancialsupportfromcharity,familyorthegovernment

isallowed,itisneveradmired.Manypeoplebelievethat[Bl1].

37、[Bl]

标准答案：rely

知识点解析：此处缺少谓语动词，根据后面。nthemselves可知需要一个与之搭配

的动词。

38、[B2]

标准答案：achieving

知识点解析：means后面需要动词的-ing形式。

39、[B3]

标准答案：emotional

知识点解析：由前面financial可知此处可能也是一个名词加后缀-al的形容词。

40、[B4]

标准答案:believe

知识点解析：此处缺少谓语动词，根据后面theyshould可推断此处可能为表想

法、观点的动词。

41、[B5]

标准答案：solve

知识点解析：纵观该句结构可知该句为三个动同短语并列，此处也应填写一个动词

原形。

42、[B6]

标准答案：blief

知识点解析：前面有形容词American,因此此处需要一个名词。

43、[B7]

标准答案：aspects

知识点解析：前面有形容词difficult,因此此处需要一个名词。

44、[B8]

标准答案：profoundly

知识点解析：后面有形容词important,因此此处需要一个副词。

45、[B9]

标准答案：Iftheyrelytoomuchonthesupportoftheirfamiliesorthegovernmentor

anyorganizations

知识点解析：I听写关键词]

46、[BIO]

标准答案：Bybeingdependent,notonlydotheyrisklosingfreedom,butalsorisk

losingtherespectoftheirpeers

知识点解析：[听写关键词]dependent,risk,losing,freedom,respect,peers

47、[Bill

标准答案：suchindividualsaresettingabadexamplewhichmayweakentheAmerican

characternsawhole

知识点解析:[听写关键词]individuals,setting,example,weaken,Americancharacter,

whole

九、阅读(选词填空)(本题共"题，每题1.0分，共

10分。)

AnAmericanweddingbeginswithengagement.Traditionally,ayoungmanasksthe

fatherofhis[SI]forpermissiontomarryher.Ifthefatheragrees,themanlater

[S2]toher.Oftenhetriestosurpriseherby'poppingthequestion"ina

romanticway.Sometimesthecouplejustdecidestogetherthatthelimeisrighttoget

married.Themanusuallygiveshisfianc6eadiamondringasasymboloftheir[S3]

.Asthebigdayapproaches,bridalshowersandbachelor'spartiesprovidemany

usefulgifts.Atlastit'stimeforthe[S4]_____.Althoughmostweddingsfollowlong-

heldtraditions,there'sstillmomforAmerican[S5].Forexample,theusual

placeforaweddingisinachurch.Butsomepeoplegetmarried[S6]inascenic

spot.Afewevenhavetheceremonywhileskydivingorridingonhorseback!Thecouple

mayinvitehundredsofpeople[S7]justafewclosefriends.Butsomethings

[S8]change.Thebrideusuallywearsabeautiful,longwhiteweddingdress.

Shetraditionallywears"somethingold,somethingnew,somethingborrowedand

somethingblue."Almosteveryculturehasritualstosignalachangeinone*slife.[S91

isoneofthemostbasiclifechangesforpeopleofallculture.Soit'snosurpriseto

findmanytraditionsaboutgettingmarried...eveninAmerica.Yeteachcouplefollows

IhuIradiliunsinawayihalis[S10]theirown.A)uniquelyB)oulduursC)

radiationD)individualismE)criteriaF)engagementG)franklyH)marriageI)

sweetheartJ)competitorK)proposesL)orM)rarelyN)respectiveO)wedding

48、[SI]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：此处提到年轻人求婚时要先征得谁的父亲的同意，当然是自己心爱的

人的父亲，因此选择sweetheart。

49、[S2]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：此处提到当心爱的人的父亲同意后，男方要做什么?应该是求婚，因

此选择proposesopropose在本句中意为“求婚

50、[S3]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：男方送女方钻戒是订终身的象征。因此选择engagement,意为“订

婚，婚约”。

51、[S4]

标准答案：O

知识点解析：本句提到allast,最终怎样。当然最终应该是婚礼，因此选择

weddingo

52、[S5]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本句中前后两个分句为转折关系。前一分句说很多婚礼遵循传统，所

以后一分句在意义上应相反，因此选择individualism,意为“个人主义

53、[S6]

标准答案：B

知识析：本句上文提到婚礼通常在教堂举行，后面用but一词转折，说有些人

也会在风景优美的地方举行婚礼，显然应该在户外，因此选择。uldoors。

54、[S7]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：本句说结婚时会邀请(1)很多人；(2)仅仅一些亲近的朋友，可见(1)与

⑵之间是选择关系，表示“或者”，因此选择。r。

55、[S8]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：本句上文提到了一些年轻人举行婚礼时打破传统的地方，接下来用

but一词表示转折，下文说明“有些事情是不太会改变的”，因此选择rarely。

56、[S9]

标准答案：

知识之解析H：本文一直在讨论婚礼的问题。此处也不例外，在说“结婚对于所有不

同文化的人而言是一生中最重要的大事之一”，因此选择marriageo

57、[S10]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：结合文章主题“婚礼的传统习惯与改变”，这里选择uniquely（独特

的），使句子意为“每对新人都以自己认为独特的方式来跟随传统”。

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共70题，每题7.0

分，共70分。）

TheEarthcomprisesthreeprincipallayers:thedense,iron-richcore,themantlemadeof

silicate（硅酸盐）thataresemi-moltenatdepth,andthethin,solid-surfacecrust.There

aretwokindsofcrust,aloweranddenseroceaniccrustandanupper,lightercontinental

crustfoundoveronlyabout40percentoftheEarth'ssurface.Therocksofthecrustareof

verydifferentages.Somecontinentalrocksareover3,000millionyearsold,whilethose

oftheoceanfloorarclessthan200millionyearsold.Thecrustsandthetop,solidpartof

themantle,totalingabout70to100kilometersinthickness,atpresentappeartoconsist

ofabout15rigidplates,7ofwhichareverylarge.Theseplatesmoveoverthesemi­

moltenlowermantletoproduceallofthemajortopographical（地形学的）featuresofthe

Earth.Activezoneswhereintensedeformationoccursareconfinedtothenarrow,

interconnectingboundariesofcontactoftheplates.Therearethreemaintypesofzones

ofcontact:spreadingcontactswhereplatesmoveapart.convergingcontactswhereplates

movetowardseachother,andtransformcontactswhereplatesslidepasteachother.New

oceaniccrustisformedalongoneormoremarginsofeachplatebymaterialissuingfrom

deeperlayersoftheEarth'scrust,forexample,byvolcaniceruptions（爆发）oflava（火山

熔岩）atmid-occanridges.Ifatsuchaspreadingcontactthetwoplatessupport

continents,a（裂缝）isformedthatwillgraduallywidenandbecomefloodedbythe

sea.TheAtlanticOceanformedlikethisastheAmericanandAfro-Europeanplates

movedinoppositedirections.Whentwoplatescarryingcontinentscollide,the

continentalblocks,toolighttobedrawndown,continuetofloatandthereforebuckle（起

褶皱）toformamountainchainalongthelengthofthemarginoftheplates.

58、TheEarth'scrust.

A、canbeclassifiedintotwotypes

B、isformedalongthemarginsoftheplates

C^consistsofsemi-moltenrocks

D、isabout70to100kilometersthick

标准答案：A

知识点解析：选项A与文章第1段第2句所述一致，为正确答案。

59、TheIplatesoftheEartharcformedfrom.

A、theoceaniccrustsandcontinentalcrusts

B、thecrustsandthemantle

C、thecrustsandthetopandsolidpartofthemantle

D、thecontinentalcrustsandthesolidpartofthemantle

标准答案：C

知识点解析：正确理解该句中top和solid并列修饰part,即可知道选项C为该句

的同义替换，故正确。

60、Seriously-deformedzonesappear.

A、wheneverthecrustsmoveovermantle

B、whentheplatesmovetowardseachother

C、inthenarrowboundarieswheretwoplatesmeet

D、tobethemajortopographicalfeatureoftheEarth

标准答案：C「

知识点解析：选项C是对该句的同义改写。

61、Accordingtothesecondparagraph,theformationoftheAtlanticOceanisthe

exampleof.

A、spreadingcontacts

theinfluenceofvolcaniceruptions

C、convergingcontacts

D、transformcontacts

标推答案：A

知识点解析：第2段主要分成两部分：第一部分谈板块活动的三种形式，第二部分

分别举例说明。其中在说明spreadingconlacls时，引用了大西洋的例子：“The

AtlanticOceanformedlikethis…''所以答案为A。

62、Thispassageisprobably.

A、anewspaperadvertisement

B、achapterofanovel

C>anexcerptfromatextbook

D、ascientificreportofnewfindings

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由本文的语言风格和描述内容可以判定这篇文章既不是商业性的，也

不是文学性的，同时文中叙述的内容具有科普性质，不可能是太前沿性的，因此

A,B,D三项都不正确，选项C为此题答案。

Ourriskofcancerrisesdramaticallyasweage.Soitmakessensethattheelderlyshould

beroutinelyscreenedfornewtumors——ordoesn'tit?Whilesuchvigilant（警觉的）

trackingofcancerisagoodthingingeneral,researchersareincreasinglyquestioning

whetherallofthistestingisnecessaryfortheelderly.Withthepercentageofpeopleover

age65expectedtonearlydoubleby2050,ifsimportanttoweighthehealthbenefitsof

screeningagainsttherisksandcostsofroutinetesting.Inmanycases,screeningcanlead

tosurgeriestoremovecancer,whilethecancersthemselvesmaybeslow-growingand

maynotposeserioushealthproblemsinpatients'remainingyears.Butthemessagethat

everyonemustscreenforcancerhasbecomesodeep-rootedthatwhenhealthcareexperts

recommendedthatwomenunder50andover74stopscreeningforbreastcancer,it

causedariotousreactionamongdoctors,patientsandadvocacygroups.Itshardtouproot

deeplyheldbeliefsaboutcancerscreeningwithscientificdata.Certainly,therearcpeople

overage75whohavehadcancersdetectedbyroutinescreening,andgainedseveralextra

yearsoflifebecauseoftreatment.Andclearly,peopleoverage75whohaveotherrisk

factorsforcancer,suchasafamilyhistoryorpriorpersonalexperiencewiththedisease,

shouldcontinuetogetscreenedregularly.Butfortheremainder,theriskofcancer,while

increasedattheendoflife,mustbebalancedwithotherfactorslikeremaininglife

expectancy（预期寿命）.Arecentstudysuggeststhatdoctorsstarttomakemoreobjective

decisionsaboutwhowilltrulybenefitfromscreening-especiallyconsideringthe

explosionoftheelderlythatwillsoonswellourpopulation.It'snotaneasycalculationto

make,butonethatmakessenseforallpatients.Dr.OtisBrawleysaid,"Manydoctors

areorderingscreeningtestspurelytocoverthemselves.Weneedtothinkaboutthe

rationaluseofhealthcare."Thatmeansmakingsomedifficultdecisionswithelderly

patients,andgoingagainstthemisguidedbeliefthatwhenitcomestohealthcare,moreis

alwaysbetter.

63、Whydodoctorsrecommendroutinecancerscreeningforelderlypeople?

A^Itisbelievedtocontributetolonglife.

B>Itispartoftheirhealthcarepackage.

C^Theelderlyaremoresensitiveabouttheirhealth.

D、Theelderlyareingreaterdangeroftumorgrowth.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理判断题。文章第一段第一句就指出，我们患癌症的风险随着年龄

的增长而大大增加。由此可知，老年人更容易受到癌症侵害，故答案为D）。

64、Howdosomeresearchersnowlookatroutinecancerscreeningfortheelderly?

A^Itaddstoomuchtotheirmedicalbills.

B、Ithelpsincreasetheirlifeexpectancy.

C、Theyaredoubtfulaboutitsnecessity.

D^Theythinkitdoesmoreharmthangood.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。文章第二段第一句中提到，虽然在通常情况下，这种警

觉的癌症筛查是一件好事，但研究人员越来越怀疑，所有这些测试对于老年人来说

是否有必要。由此可知，研究人员们对此类检查的必要性持怀疑态度，故答案为

C）o

65Whatistheconventionalviewaboutwomenscreeningforbreastcancer?

Itappliestowomenover50.

B、Ilisamustforadultwomen.

C、Itisoptionalforyoungwomen.

D、Itdoesn'tapplytowomenover74.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。文章第三段第二句中提到，当医疗保健专家建议5。岁

以下和74岁以上的女性停止进行乳腺癌筛查时，引起了强烈的反应，由此可以推

断，人们对定期进行乳腺癌筛查很认可，认为女性就应该进行乳腺癌筛查，故答案

为B）。

66>Whydomanydoctorsprescriberoutinescreeningforcancer?

A、Theywanttoprotectthemselvesagainstmedicaldisputes.

B、Theywanttotakeadvantageofthemedicalcaresystem.

C>Theywantdataformedicalresearch.

D、Theywanttheirpatientstosufferless.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节题。文章第六段第二句中引用了向劳利医生的话，说明现在

很多医生让病人进行癌症筛查，纯粹是为了保护自己，故答案为A）。

67>Whatdoestheau