2025年12月大学英语四级考试试题一及答案

2025年12月大学英语四级考试试题一及答案[问答题]1.Directions:Supposethestudentunionofyouruniversityiscollectingopin（江南博哥）ionsonimprovingitsworkforthecomingyear.Youarenowtowritearesponsebysuggestinghowitcanbetterenrichstudentlife.Youwillhave30minutestowritetheessay.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.正确答案：【参考文】DearSirorMadam,Learningthatthestudentunioniscollectingsuggestionstoimproveitswork,Iamwritingtoputforwardsomepracticalproposalstoenrichcampuslife.Firstandforemost,itisadvisabletoorganizemorediverseculturalandsportsactivities,suchasspeechcontests,musicfestivalsandgroupsportsmatches,whichcanhelpstudentsrelaxafterheavystudyandbuilduptheirbodies.Inaddition,thestudentunioncansetupregularskill-sharingsalons,coveringinternshipguidanceandstudyexperienceexchange,tomeetstudents’practicalneeds.Lastbutnotleast,openinganonlinefeedbackchannelenablestheuniontoknowstudents’demandstimelyandoffertargetedservices.Ihopemysuggestionswillbehelpful.Iamlookingforwardtoamorecolorfulcampuslifeunderbetterworkofthestudentunion.Yourssincerely,LiMing点赞（0）问答题假设你所在大学的学生会正在收集关于改进来年工作的意见。你现在要写一篇回应，建议如何更好地丰富学生的生活。你有30分钟的时间来写这篇文章。你应该写至少120字，但不超过180字。[问答题]2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.近年来，中国政府高度重视民营经济（privateeconomy）的发展，出台了一系列政策支持民营企业。截至2025年3月底，全国民营企业数量超过5700万家，占企业总量的。民营企业不仅数量稳步增长，质量和结构也在不断提升。民营企业的研发投入不断增加，在新一代信息技术、人工智能等领域发展迅速。民营企业核心竞争力的增强为中国经济的高质量发展提供了有力支撑。正确答案：Inrecentyears,theChinesegovernmenthasattachedgreatimportancetothedevelopmentoftheprivateeconomyandintroducedaseriesofpoliciestosupportprivateenterprises.BytheendofMarch2025,thenumberofprivateenterprisesnationwidehadexceeded57million,accountingforthemajorityofallenterprises.Privateenterpriseshavenotonlyseenasteadygrowthinquantitybutalsocontinuousimprovementinqualityandstructure.Theyhaveincreasedinvestmentinresearchanddevelopmentanddevelopedrapidlyinfieldssuchasnew-generationinformationtechnologyandartificialintelligence.Theenhancementofthecorecompetitivenessofprivateenterprisesprovidesstrongsupportforthehigh-qualitydevelopmentofChina’seconomy.参考解析：本篇属于经济类汉译英，译文时态以现在完成时和一般现在时为主，时间截止点用过去完成时更严谨；固定短语规范：attachgreatimportanceto（高度重视）、introducepolicies（出台政策）、researchanddevelopment（研发）、corecompetitiveness（核心竞争力）、high-qualitydevelopment（高质量发展）；句式采用notonly...butalso...并列结构优化语序，拆分中文短句适配英文表达逻辑。共享题干题SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Peopletendtowantasmanychoicesaspossible.Theybelievethiswillmaximizetheir26ofmakingthebestdecision.Butresearchshowsthat,whenitcomestoactuallymakinga27fromallofthesechoices,peoplecanbecome28andavoidmakingadecisionaltogether.Evenworse,whenpeoplefinallydodecide,theyaregenerallylesssatisfiedwiththeirdecisionandfeelmoreregretfuloverwhateverchoicetheymade.Whydoesthishappen?Researchshowsthatwhenpeoplechoosefrommanyoptions,they29moreinthedecision,butfeellessconfidentintheirabilitytodecidewell.Inotherwords,whenweare30withmorechoices,makingthe“right”or“correct”decisionbeginstofeelmore31and,atthesametime,moredifficulttodo.Thismaycontributetothedeepfearthatwewillmakethewrongdecision.Howcanwesolvethisproblem?Ibelievethisfearcouldbetemperedbyputtingdecisionsintoperspective.Itmighthelptorememberthatmanyofthechoicesyoumake,suchaswhattohaveforlunch,willnot32muchinthefutureandthat,evenmoreimportantchoices,likeacceptinganewjob,can33bechanged.Itcouldalsohelpto34thesesituationswithclearguidelinesandideasofwhatyouwantfromthe35ofoptions,whichcannarrowthepossiblechoices,andalsomakeyoumoreconfidentaboutyourabilitytomaketherightdecision.A.approximatelyB.caseC.chanceD.confusedE.crucialF.depositedG.enterH.investI.matterJ.presentedK.rangeL.regularM.seizeN.selectionO.ultimately[单选题]26.第26题______.正确答案：C参考解析：根据语境，人们认为有更多选择能最大化做出最佳决策的“机会”。chance有“机会”之意，“maximizeone'schanceofdoingsth.”是常见表达。答案：C[单选题]27.第27题______.正确答案：N参考解析：根据前文“Peopletendtowantasmanychoicesaspossible”以及空格前的“makinga”，这里需要一个表示“选择”的名词，“makeaselection”是固定表达，意为“做出选择”。答案：N[单选题]28.第28题______.正确答案：D参考解析：根据前文说人们面对众多选择时，结合后文“avoidmakingadecisionaltogether”，可知人们会变得困惑。答案选D。[单选题]29.第29题______.正确答案：H参考解析：这里需要一个动词，结合语境，当人们从众多选项中做选择时，会在决策中投入更多精力，“invest”有“投入（时间、精力等）”之意。答案：H[单选题]30.第30题______.正确答案：J参考解析：此处表示当我们被呈现更多选择时，“bepresentedwith”是固定搭配，意为“被给予；被呈现”。答案：J[单选题]31.第31题______.正确答案：E参考解析：根据前文说选择多做“正确”决定更难，可知这里表示做“正确”决定感觉更重要。“crucial”意为“至关重要的”，符合语境。答案：E[单选题]32.第32题______.正确答案：I参考解析：此句表达很多选择在未来不会有太大影响，“matter”有“重要、有影响”之意，符合语境。答案：I[单选题]33.第33题______.正确答案：O参考解析：此空需填一个副词修饰动词“bechanged”。结合语境，即便像接受新工作这样更重要的选择，最终也是可以改变的。“ultimately”有“最终，最后”之意，符合文意。答案：O[单选题]34.第34题______.正确答案：G参考解析：这里需要一个动词，结合语境是说用明确的指导方针和想法来“应对、处理”这些情况。“enter”有“进入”之意，“seize”是“抓住”，“invest”是“投入”等，“approach”有“处理、应对”的意思，这里应选与“approach”意思相近的“enter”，表示进入这些情境也就是处理它们。答案：G[单选题]35.第35题______.正确答案：K参考解析：这里说用明确的指导方针和对一系列选项的期望来处理这些情况，“arangeof”是固定表达，意为“一系列”。答案：KSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.ThebattleoverbikelanesneedsamindsetshiftA)Fiveyearsago,thecityofQueens,NewYork,announcedthatitwouldbeputtingbikelanesontoastretchofSkillmanAve—andremoving116parkingspots.Cyclistslovedtheplan,butlocalbusinessownersgotveryangry.Takingoutthoseparkingspots,astheyarguedatprotestsandinletterstothecitycouncil,wouldruinstoresandrestaurantsalongSkillman.“Parkinghereisalreadyanightmare,”oneshoutedataprotestrally.B)Butthebikelaneswereadonedeal,andsoontheywereinplace.Earlythisyear,JesseCoburn—aninvestigativewriterwithStreetsblogNewYork—wonderedwhetherthosepredictionsofeconomiccollapsecametrue.Soheaskedthecity’sDepartmentofFinancetogivehimafewyears’worthofsalesfiguresforthatstretchofSkillmanAve.Howhadthebusinessesonthatstreetfared?C)Quitewell,itturnsout.Intheyearafterthebikelanesarrived,businessesonSkillmansawsalesriseby12percent,comparedto3percentforQueensingeneral.What’smore,thatsectionofroadsawnewbusinessesopen,whileQueensoverallhadanetloss.D)Thethingis,theactualmerchantsalongSkillman?Theydidn’tbelieveit.WhenCoburnspoketothemanddescribedwhathe’dfound,onlyafewstoreownersadmittedthelaneshadhelped.Manystillinsistedthelaneswerekillingtheirpartofthecity.Andemotionsranhot:Someonescatteredtacks(大头钉)onthebikelane.E)Thislittlestoryturnsouttobeafascinatingglimpseatthechallengescitiesfaceastheytrytoupdatetheirurbaninfrastructure—tocleanuptheair,reducegreenhouseemissions,andspeeduptravelbymakingtownsmorebike-friendly.There’sarisingamountofdatashowingthatinstallingbikelanesandmakingstreetsmorepedestrian-friendlybooststheeconomicfortunesofaplace.Removingcarsandparkingspotsworks.Butthefolkswhorunlocalbusinessessimplyaren’tconvinced,evenwhentheirownstreetperforms.Giventhatsortofmess,canpoliticalfightsoverbikelaneseverend?F)In2013,researchersatNewYorkCity’sDepartmentofTransportationstudiedsevenstretchesofroadthathadinstalledbikelanesorcreatedpedestrian-friendlyareas.Thecityanalyzedthedataforbusinessesalongthoseroutesandfoundthatbythethirdyear,salesgrewfasteronfiveofthestreetsthaninthedistrictoverall,onaverage—uptofivetimesfaster,infact.G)BeyondNewYork,asurveyofresearchfrom23citiesfoundthatbikelanesandpedestrian-friendlydesigndidn’thurtlocalretailandfoodstores.(“Fearsofdisastrousconsequencesforlocalbusinessesareunfounded,”theresearchersconcluded.)Morerecentworkhasshownroughlythesame.H)Thetruthisthatinfairlydenseareas,bikesaremoreefficientatmovingpeoplearound.Youmightloseonecardriver’sbusiness—butyougainshopperswhonowcanarrivemoreeasilyonbikes.“Cyclistsandpedestriansareconsumerstoo,”notesProfessorSusanHandy.Plus,streetsredesignedforbikesandpedestrianstendtobecomemorepleasantplacestohangaround,so“inalotofcases,that’screatedmuchnicerenvironmentsthatarereallygoodforthosebusinesses.”I)Mom-and-popshopsareusuallyprettyquickatrecognizingsituationsthatwillhelptheirbottomlines.Sowhytheblindspothere?Perhapsit’sthatattentionfocusesonhorrorstories—andsomemerchantsdogethitwhenbikelanescomein.J)IspoketoCindyHughes,ahairdresser(理发师)inCambridge,Massachusetts.Shesaidbusinessfellbyatleast40percentwhenthecityremovednearbyparkingtoputinabikelane.Themajorityofhercustomersdrive,withmanycomingfromnearbytowns.Onlyaveryfewhaveshiftedtocycling,andeventhosealmostcertainlywon’tcycleinBoston’ssnowywinters.SowhileHughessupportsbikelanes—“cyclistsdeservetobesafe”—sheseestheparkinglossasanexistentialrisk.“Look,90percentofmycustomersdrive,”shetoldme.“Forourbusiness,thebikelanesarewayworsethanCovidwas.”K)Forothers,thepushbackiscultural,saysHenryGrabar,awriterfortheSlateMagazine.Smallbusinessownersarefrequentlydriverswhocommutefromotherpartsofthecitybycar,Grabarpointsout.They’realsooftenlongtimelocals.“Theytendtobepeoplewithdeeprootsinthecity,whohavehungaroundsincebeforetheneighborhoodbecamewhatitistoday,”headds.Drivingaroundtowninacarissonormaltothemthatcyclingseemsweirdandunusual—despiteitsboostfromCovid,whenbikesalesexplodedby75percent.L)Psychologybeatsall!Whoknew,right?Thefiercedividebetweenstoreownersandbike-laneadvocatesseemssimilartoourlargerculturewarsoverclimatechange.Ifwe’velearnedanythingaboutculturewars,it’sthatdataisn’tmuchgoodatchangingminds.M)WhenJanetteSadik-KhanwastheheadofNewYorkCity’sTransportationDepartmentbackintheearly2000s,sheoversawarollout(推出)ofbikelanes—andgotangryblowbackfromresidentsandbusinessownerswhoclaimedthereweren’tenoughcycliststojustifyinstallinglanes.Now,shenotesironically,thelanesaresofullofactivitythatopponentshaveturnedtoclaimingtheproblemistheopposite:Therearetoomanycyclistsgettinginthewayofcars.N)Maybebikelaneswillalwaysbechargedwithemotion,untilenoughofthepublicisfinallyconcernedaboutclimatechange—anditseemsreckless(鲁莽的)tonothavethem.O)Crises,afterall,haveawayofopeningpeople’seyestopossibilities.DuringCovid,restaurantsandcaféslostsomuchbusinessthatcitiesnationwidebeganallowingthemtobuildcurbsideseatingareaswherepeoplecouldsit,safely,intheopenair.Itgreatlyreducedparking—butbecause,well,shopownersdidn’tseeanywayaroundit.Customerslovedtheoutdoorseatingsomuchthatcitiesaremakingitpermanent:ANewYorkCitystudyofseveralstreetsclosedduringCovidfoundstoreownersmakingmorethanbefore,anddinersenjoyingtheoutdoorlifestyle.Ifdatawon’tchangeminds,customersmight.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH.HI.IJ.JK.KL.LM.MO.O[单选题]36.Anincreasingamountofdataindicatesthatinstallingbikelanesraiseslocalbusinessrevenues.正确答案：E参考解析：E段提到“There’sarisingamountofdatashowingthatinstallingbikelanesandmakingstreetsmorepedestrian-friendlybooststheeconomicfortunesofaplace”，说明越来越多的数据表明安装自行车道能提升当地经济，也就是增加当地商业收入。答案：E[单选题]37.Accordingtoamagazinewriter,somesmallbusinessowners’resistancetobikelanesarisesfromculturalfactors.正确答案：K参考解析：题干提到杂志作家观点，小商户抵制自行车道源于文化因素，对应K段亨利·格拉巴尔（杂志作家）说的“thepushbackiscultural”。答案：K[单选题]38.AstretchofSkillmanAvewitnessednotonlyabigincreaseinsalesbutalsotheopeningofnewbusinesses.正确答案：C参考解析：文中C段提到在安装自行车道后的一年，Skillman大道上的商家销售额增长了12%，且该路段有新企业开业。答案与该段内容相符。答案：C[单选题]39.Whenpeoplehavenowayoutincrises,theyaremorelikelytoembracechanges.正确答案：O参考解析：文章O段提到在疫情期间，餐厅和咖啡馆生意受损，城市允许它们设置路边座位区，虽然减少了停车位，但店主们别无选择只能接受，后来顾客喜欢户外座位，城市决定将其永久保留，说明在危机中人们无路可走时更易接受改变。答案：O[单选题]40.Accordingtoonesurvey,citydesignwithbikelanesandpedestrianspacedidnotnegativelyimpactlocalbusinesses.正确答案：G参考解析：题干提到根据一项调查，有自行车道和行人空间的城市设计对当地企业没有负面影响，G段中“Asurveyofresearchfrom23citiesfoundthatbikelanesandpedestrian-friendlydesigndidn’thurtlocalretailandfoodstores”与之对应。答案：G[单选题]41.DespiteincreasedbusinessactivityonSkillmanAve,manystoreownersinsistedthebikelanesweredestroyingtheirarea.正确答案：D参考解析：题干说尽管Skillman大街商业活动增加，但很多店主仍坚称自行车道在破坏他们所在区域，这与D段中“Manystillinsistedthelaneswerekillingtheirpartofthecity”意思相符。答案：D[单选题]42.Inawarofculture,datadoesnothelpmuchinchangingpeople’sminds.正确答案：L参考解析：题干说在文化战争中，数据对改变人们的想法没多大帮助，与L段中“Ifwe’velearnedanythingaboutculturewars,it’sthatdataisn’tmuchgoodatchangingminds.”表述相符。答案：L[单选题]43.Abusinesswomansaidherbusinessdroppedsharplywhenparkingspacegavewaytoabikelane,becausemostofhercustomerscamebycar.正确答案：J参考解析：题干说一位女商人表示停车位被自行车道取代后她的生意大幅下降，因为她的大多数顾客是开车来的。J段中理发师CindyHughes称城市移除附近停车位设置自行车道后，她的生意下降了至少40%，且多数顾客开车来，与题干信息相符。答案：J[单选题]44.LocalbusinessownersonSkillmanAvearguedthattheirbusinesseswouldberuinedwhenparkingspotswerereplacedbybikelanes.正确答案：A参考解析：文章A段提到纽约皇后区要在Skillman大道设置自行车道并移除116个停车位，当地商家在抗议活动和给市议会的信中认为移除停车位会毁了Skillman沿线的商店和餐馆。与题干表述相符。答案：A[单选题]45.Peoplemayfinditmorepleasanttowanderaroundstreetsredesignedforcyclingandwalking.正确答案：H参考解析：题干说人们在为骑行和步行重新设计的街道上闲逛可能会更愉快，原文H段提到“streetsredesignedforbikesandpedestrianstendtobecomemorepleasantplacestohangaround”，意思相符。答案：HSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AlllivingorganismsonEarthareexposedtoa24-hourday-nightcycle.Thiscycleisthereasonwhypeoplerestatnightandareactiveduringtheday.Consequently,allhumanbodyfunctionsalsofollowthisdailyrhythm,andthetimingofbehaviorslikeexerciseorfoodintakecansignificantlyinfluenceyourhealth.Forexample,eatingatnightcanleadtoweightgainovertimebecausefoodintakeatnightleadstoincreasedfatstorage.Manydrugtargetsinthebodyfollowa24-hourcycle,too.Thismeansthatthespecificproteinsadrugisdesignedtomodifycanreactdifferentlytothemedicineoverthecourseofa24-hourtimeperiod.Becausehowthebodyrespondstoadrugcandifferdependingonthetimeitistaken,itlogicallyfollowsthattakingmedicinesatspecifictimescouldhelpincreasetheireffectivenessandreduceunwantedsideeffects.Whendoctorsprescribemedicineforpeople,theyrarelyconsiderthebesttimetotakeit.Therearetwomainreasonsforthatoversight.First,manyphysiciansarenotawarethatsomedrugsworkbetterduringaspecifictimeoftheday.Andsecond,mostdrugshavenotbeenstudiedforpossibledifferenteffectsduringa24-hourcycle.Therefore,patientsaredirectedtotakemostdrugsduringthemorningoreveningprimarilytoensurecompliance.Over50yearsago,researchersfoundthatthecholesteroldrugsimvastatinismoreeffectiveatloweringcholesterollevelswhentakenatnightratherthanduringtheday.Thisisbecausetheliverenzyme(酶)thesedrugstargetismoreactiveatnight.Takingmedicineatthewrongtimecanevencauseharm.MycolleaguesandIwonderedwhethermidazolam,themostcommonsedative(镇静剂)usedinsurgicalproceduresworldwide,mightinterferewiththeinternalclockthatprotectstheheartatnight.Currently,therearenoguidelinesregardingwhenmidazolamshouldbeadministered.Moreresearchisneededtodeterminethebesttimestoadministertreatmentsfordifferentdiseases.Ibelievetakingdrugtimingintoaccountcouldhelpmaketreatmentsmoreeffectiveandhelpmorepeopleworldwide.[单选题]46.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutthetimingofourbehaviors?A.Ithasaconsiderableimpactonourhealth.B.Itconfinesustoa24-hourday-nightcycle.C.Itrequiresustofollowaparticularrhythm.D.Itholdsthekeytoallhumanbodyfunctions.正确答案：A参考解析：文中提到“thetimingofbehaviorslikeexerciseorfoodintakecansignificantlyinfluenceyourhealth”，说明行为的时间安排对健康有显著影响。答案：A[单选题]47.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheproteinsinourbody?A.Theycanmodifytheeffectsofmedicinesindifferentways.B.Theycanreduceunwantedsideeffectsofcertainmedicines.C.Theirreactiontomedicineschangesduringtheday-nightcycle.D.Theirdesigndetermineshowdifferentlytheyreacttomedicines.正确答案：C参考解析：文中提到“Manydrugtargetsinthebodyfollowa24-hourcycle,too.Thismeansthatthespecificproteinsadrugisdesignedtomodifycanreactdifferentlytothemedicineoverthecourseofa24-hourtimeperiod”，说明身体里的蛋白质对药物的反应在昼夜循环中会发生变化。答案：C[单选题]48.Whatdodoctorsdowhenprescribingmedicineforpeople?A.Theygivelittlethoughttothetimeoftakingitformaximumeffect.B.Theyrarelyconsiderwhichmedicineworksbetterforwhichpatient.C.Theytellpatientsitspossiblesideeffectsduringaperiodof24hours.D.Theytellpatientstocomplywiththedirectionsofdrugmanufacturers.正确答案：A参考解析：文中提到医生给病人开药时很少考虑服药的最佳时间，一是很多医生没意识到某些药物在一天特定时间效果更好，二是多数药物未研究过24小时内的不同效果。答案A符合文意。答案：A[单选题]49.Whydodoctorsadvisepatientstotakemostdrugsinthemorningorintheevening?A.Todiscouragethemfrommakingcomplaints.B.Tocomplywithnewresearchfindingsstrictly.C.Toensuretheytakethedrugsasinstructed.D.Toguaranteethemaximumeffectofthedrugs.正确答案：B[单选题]50.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestneartheendofthepassage?A.Consideringdrug-takingtimingwhenprescribingdrugsforpatients.B.Makingtreatmentslesscomplexbytakingdrugtimingintoaccount.C.Conductingmorestudiestofindoutthebesttimingfortreatingdifferentdiseases.D.Findingoutthemosteffectivedrugsfortreatingdiseasesthroughfurtherresearch.正确答案：CPassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.KatharineAbraham,aneconomicsprofessor,waschattingwithherhairdresser(理发师)aboutretirementplans.Theeconomistsaidsheplanstocontinueworkingbecauseshewantsto.Thehairdresseragreedbutforadifferentreason:Sheneedsthemoney.Bothscenarios(情况)arecontributingtoabigincreaseinthenumberofpeopleintheUSworkingintotheir70s.Overthepast20years,theshareofAmericansworkingintheir70shasrisenfromlessthan10%tonearly5%.Inadditiontopeoplebeinghealthierandlivingmuchlonger,economistssaythatacombinationoffinancialconsiderationssuchasyearsofslowriseinrealwagesandashiftawayfromtraditionalpensionsintheprivatesectoraresomeofthereasonspeopledelayretirement.Thedeclineofmanufacturingandtheincreaseinthenumberofpeopleworkinginlesslabor-intensiveoccupationsalsohascontributedtothetrend,saysAbraham,whoresearchesworkandretirementdecisionsofolderAmericans.“Whichmattersmoredependsonwhatyourhistoryupuntilthatpointhasbeeninthetypeofworkyou’redoing,”Abrahamsays.TheoveralltrendishittingAmericansofalldifferentlevelsofeducationalattainment,althoughthepercentagesvarybycategory.TheshareofAmericanswithbachelor’sdegreeswhowereworkingintotheir70sreachednearly20%in2018.Forthosewithahighschooldegreeorless,theproportionofthoseworkingintheir70shadrisentoaround0%,whilethosewithsomecollegeeducationwereinthemiddleataround5%.MartinNeilBaily,aneconomistwhoisleadingaresearchprojectonretirementsecurity,notesthatquittingacareercanleadtofeelingsofisolationandloneliness,particularlyformen.Hesuggeststhatmanycollege-educatedworkersarechoosingtostayinthelaborforcemoreforsocialbenefitsthanforfinancialreasons.They’real