2026年翻译专业资格备考资料汇编与核心词汇试卷

2026年翻译专业资格备考资料汇编与核心词汇试卷一、词汇与语法（共30题，每题1分，共30分）1.下列句子中，划线词语使用正确的一项是A.Thecommitteewasadamantinitsrefusaltoreconsidertheproposal.B.Hervoicewastremulouswithconfidenceassheaddressedthecrowd.C.Thenewpolicyaimstomitigatethealreadyboomingeconomy.D.Thewitnessgaveacursoryaccountthatlastedthreehours.2.选择最佳译文：原文：Thecourtheldthatthedefendant’ssilencecouldnotbeconstruedasanadmissionofguilt.A.法院认为被告的沉默不能被解释为认罪。B.法院认为被告的沉默不能被构建为认罪。C.法院认为被告的沉默不能被推定为有罪。D.法院认为被告的沉默不能被理解为认罪供词。3.下列哪组英语单词全部含有“否定”前缀？A.inept,disinterested,nonplussedB.impugn,impeccable,inflammableC.disambiguate,inimitable,unrequitedD.irreparable,disenfranchise,unabridged4.选择最符合语境的短语填空：Thetranslator’snotewasaddedto______anypotentialmisunderstandingarisingfromculturaldifferences.A.staveoffB.obviateC.conjureupD.panderto5.下列句子中，哪一句的“render”含义与其他三句不同？A.Theartistsoughttorendertheagonyofwarinstarkmonochrome.B.ThecourtwillrenderjudgmentnextMonday.C.Theinterpreterwasaskedtorenderthewitness’stestimonyintoEnglish.D.Theheatwassointensethatitrenderedtheplasticpanelsmisshapen.6.选择最佳译文：原文：本合同用中英文书就，两种文本具有同等法律效力。A.ThiscontractiswritteninChineseandEnglish,bothtextsbeingequallyauthentic.B.ThiscontractisexecutedinChineseandEnglishversions,bothofwhichpossessthesamelegalforce.C.ThiscontractisdrawnupinChineseandEnglish,bothtextsenjoyingequallegalvalidity.D.ThiscontractisbilingualinChineseandEnglish,eachversionhavingidenticallegaleffect.7.下列哪一项中的“substantive”与“procedural”形成最佳对比？A.substantiveediting/stylisticeditingB.substantivelaw/adjectivelawC.substantivemotion/preliminarymotionD.substantivehearing/interlocutoryhearing8.选择最符合法律文本风格的表达：Thecontractorshall______allreasonablemeasurestoensureconfidentiality.A.takeB.effectC.implementD.deploy9.下列哪一项中的“shall”表达的是“义务”而非“将来”？A.Thesunshallriseat5:43a.m.tomorrow.B.Thelicenseeshallnotsublicensethepatenttoanythirdparty.C.Ishallreturnthebooknextweek.D.Weshallovercome.10.选择最佳译文：原文：仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方均有约束力。A.Thearbitralawardshallbefinalandbindinguponbothparties.B.Thearbitrationdecisionisfinalandshallbeobligatorytobothsides.C.Thearbitralawardisconclusiveandshallimposeliabilitiesonbothparties.D.Thearbitrationrulingshallbeultimateandenforceableagainstbothparties.11.下列哪一项中的“withoutprejudice”使用正确？A.Withoutprejudice,thedefendantapologizedtotheplaintiff.B.Theofferismadewithoutprejudicetothedefendant’srighttocontestjurisdiction.C.Withoutprejudicetohissalary,theemployeewaspromoted.D.Thejudgedismissedthecasewithoutprejudicetotheevidence.12.选择最符合联合国文件风格的表达：TheGeneralAssemblyexpressesitsdeepconcernoverthecontinuingviolence.A.graveconcernB.profoundworryC.heightenedattentionD.acuteapprehension13.下列哪一项中的“instrument”指“法律文书”？A.negotiableinstrumentB.measuringinstrumentC.percussioninstrumentD.policyinstrument14.选择最佳译文：原文：该条款不得解释为限制缔约方采取更严格措施的权利。A.ThisclausemaynotbeinterpretedaslimitingtherightofthePartiestoadoptmorestringentmeasures.B.ThisclauseshallnotbeconstruedasarestrictionontheParties’righttoimposestrictermeasures.C.ThisclausemustnotbereadasprecludingthePartiesfromtakingtougheractions.D.ThisclauseshallnotbedeemedtorestricttheParties’prerogativetoenactseverermeasures.15.下列哪一项中的“party”与“缔约方”无关？A.Thedisputingpartiesshallfirstattemptamicablesettlement.B.Eachpartytothetreatyshallsubmitaninitialreport.C.Thepartyofthefirstpartherebycovenantstodeliverthegoods.D.Therulingpartyannouncedanewenvironmentalpolicy.16.选择最符合医学文本风格的表达：Thepatientexhibitedapalpablemassintherightupperquadrant.A.perceptibleB.tangibleC.detectableD.appreciable17.下列哪一项中的“claim”含义为“索赔”？A.Theclaimantfiledaclaimforbreachofcontract.B.Thescientist’sclaimwaslaterdebunked.C.Helaidclaimtothethrone.D.Theadvertisement’sclaimwasmisleading.18.选择最佳译文：原文：卖方保证货物不存在任何留置权、抵押权或其他第三方权利。A.Thevendorwarrantsthatthegoodsarefreefromanylien,mortgageorotherthird-partyrights.B.Thesellerguaranteesthatthemerchandiseisnotsubjecttoanyencumbrance,chargeorrightsofthirdparties.C.Thevendorrepresentsthatthegoodsareunencumberedbyanypledge,hypothecorexternalclaims.D.Thesellerassuresthatthecargoisdevoidofanyretentionright,collateralrightorthird-partyinterest.19.下列哪一项中的“default”含义为“违约”？A.Thesoftwarerevertstodefaultsettings.B.Theborrowerdefaultedontheloan.C.Bydefault,themeetingwaspostponed.D.Thedefaultgatewaywasunreachable.20.选择最符合金融文本风格的表达：Thebondcarriesacalloptionafterfiveyears.A.redemptionrightB.repurchaseclauseC.earlyretirementprivilegeD.issuer’soptiontoredeem21.下列哪一项中的“equity”与“股权”无关？A.equityfinancingB.equityjointventureC.equityofredemptionD.homeequityloan22.选择最佳译文：原文：本协议取代双方此前的一切口头或书面协议。A.ThisagreementsupersedesallpriororalorwrittenagreementsbetweentheParties.B.ThisagreementsubstitutesforanypreviousverbalorwrittenarrangementsoftheParties.C.ThisagreementreplacesallantecedentoralorwrittenunderstandingsoftheParties.D.ThisagreementoverrulesallforegoingoralorwrittencompactsbetweentheParties.23.下列哪一项中的“forcemajeure”翻译最准确？A.majorforceB.superiorstrengthC.actofGodD.irresistibleforce24.选择最符合专利文本风格的表达：Theinventionpertainstoanovelmethodofsynthesizinggraphene.A.relatestoB.concernsC.dealswithD.isdirectedto25.下列哪一项中的“waiver”含义为“弃权”？A.Theinsurerissuedapremiumwaiver.B.Thebankrequiredalienwaiver.C.Thedefendantfiledawaiverofjurytrial.D.Theimmigrationofficergrantedawaiverofinadmissibility.26.选择最佳译文：原文：如果任何条款被认定为无效，其余条款的有效性不受影响。A.Shouldanyprovisionbeheldinvalid,thevalidityoftheremainingprovisionsshallremainunaffected.B.Ifanyclauseisjudgedineffective,theeffectivenessoftheremainingclausesshallnotbeinfluenced.C.Incaseanystipulationisruledvoid,thevoidnessoftheotherstipulationsshallbeintact.D.Whereanytermisdeemednull,thenullityoftheothertermsshallbepreserved.27.下列哪一项中的“goodfaith”翻译最准确？A.善意B.诚信C.良好信念D.真诚28.选择最符合WTO文本风格的表达：ThepanelfoundthatthemeasurewasinconsistentwithArticleIII:4.A.incompatiblewithB.contrarytoC.violativeofD.atvariancewith29.下列哪一项中的“indemnify”含义为“赔偿”？A.Theinsureragreedtoindemnifytheinsuredforanyloss.B.Thecontractorwasrequiredtoindemnifytheemployeragainstthird-partyclaims.C.Thesellerundertooktoindemnifythebuyerforpatentinfringement.D.Alloftheabove.30.选择最佳译文：原文：仲裁庭由三名仲裁员组成，双方各指定一名，第三名由双方共同指定。A.Thearbitraltribunalshallconsistofthreearbitrators,eachpartyappointingone,andthethirdbeingappointedbybothpartiesjointly.B.Thearbitrationpanelshallbecomposedofthreearbitrators,witheachsidedesignatingoneandthetwosidesjointlydesignatingthethird.C.Thearbitraltribunalshallcomprisethreearbitrators,onetobeappointedbyeachpartyandthethirdtobeappointedbythepartiesinagreement.D.Thearbitrationbodyshallhavethreearbitrators,eachpartynominatingoneandthepartiestogethernominatingthethird.二、阅读理解（共3篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共30分）Text1Thedoctrineof“marginofappreciation”wasdevelopedbytheEuropeanCourtofHumanRightstoacknowledgethatdomesticauthoritiesareoftenbetterplacedthananinternationalcourttoevaluatelocalneedsandconditions.Thedoctrinedoesnotgrantunfettereddiscretion;rather,itoperateswithinasupervisoryjurisdiction.ThebreadthofthemarginvariesaccordingtofactorssuchastheexistenceofaEuropeanconsensus,thenatureoftherightatstake,andtheaimpursuedbythecontestedmeasure.Insensitiveareassuchasmoralsorreligion,themargintendstobewider,whereasinfieldswhereacommonEuropeanstandardisdiscernible,itiscorrespondinglynarrower.31.Theprimarypurposeofthe“marginofappreciation”doctrineistoA.expandtheCourt’sappellatejurisdictionB.defertonationalauthorities’assessmentoflocalconditionsC.harmonizesubstantivehuman-rightsnormsacrossmemberstatesD.limittheenforceabilityoftheConvention32.WhichfactorisNOTmentionedasinfluencingthebreadthofthemargin?A.EuropeanconsensusB.NatureoftherightC.LegislativehistoryoftheConventionD.Aimofthemeasure33.Inwhichareaisthemarginlikelytobewidest?A.PrivacyB.ReligionC.PropertyD.Fairtrial34.Theword“unfettered”isclosestinmeaningtoA.unreviewableB.unrestrictedC.unintendedD.unintended35.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthedoctrinecanbestbedescribedasA.cautiouslysupportiveB.overtlycriticalC.indifferentD.dogmaticText2Inpatentlaw,the“enablement”requirementmandatesthatthespecificationmustteachapersonskilledinthearthowtomakeandusethefullscopeoftheclaimedinventionwithoutundueexperimentation.Thetestisnotwhetherexperimentationispossible,butwhetheritis“undue.”Factorsincludethequantityofexperimentation,theamountofdirectionprovided,thepresenceorabsenceofaworkingexample,andthenatureoftheinvention.RecentU.S.FederalCircuitdecisionsemphasizethatmerelynamingagenusdoesnotentitletheapplicanttoclaimeveryspecieswithinitunlesseachspeciesisadequatelyenabled.36.TheenablementrequirementprimarilyseekstoensurethatA.theinventionisnovelandnon-obviousB.thepublicreceivesadequatetechnicaldisclosureC.theclaimsaredraftedwithprecisionD.theapplicant’scommercialinterestsaresafeguarded37.WhichfactorisLEASTrelevantindeterminingwhetherexperimentationis“undue”?A.TimespentB.CostincurredC.NumberofreferencescitedD.Levelofpredictabilityintheart38.TheFederalCircuit’srecentstancesuggeststhatA.broaderclaimsareautomaticallypreferredB.functionalclaimingisperseinvalidC.genusclaimsmustbesupportedbyspeciesexamplesD.enablementispresumedunlesschallenged39.Thephrase“personskilledintheart”referstoA.anaverageconsumerB.ahypotheticalexpertintherelevantfieldC.thepatentexaminerD.theinventor40.TheauthorimpliesthatA.enablementstandardshavebecomemorelenientB.enablementchallengesarerarelysuccessfulC.claimingeveryspeciesisimpossibleD.disclosuremustmatchclaimscopeText3Theprincipleof“comity”inprivateinternationallawdenotesthedeferenceonejurisdictionshowstothelegislative,executive,orjudicialactsofanother.Comityisnotaruleoflawbutaprincipleofcourtesy,temperedbyconsiderationsofpublicpolicyandreciprocity.Englishcourts,forinstance,willrecognizeaforeignjudgmentunlessitoffendsagainstEnglishpublicpolicy,wasobtainedbyfraud,orcontravenestherulesofnaturaljustice.Thedoctrineisparticularlysignificantincross-borderinsolvency,wherecourtsmustbalanceterritorialityagainstuniversalism.41ityisbestdescribedasA.abindingtreatyobligationB.adiscretionaryprincipleofdeferenceC.astatutoryruleofrecognitionD.acustomaryruleofjurisdiction42.Whichgroundfornon-recognitionisNOTmentioned?A.FraudB.PublicpolicyC.LackofreciprocityD.Violationofnaturaljustice43.Incross-borderinsolvency,comityrequirescourtstoA.applythelawoftheforumexclusivelyB.prioritizedomesticcreditorsC.balancelocalversusglobalinterestsD.refuserecognitionofforeignproceedings44.Theword“tempered”isclosestinmeaningtoA.moderatedB.eliminatedC.intensifiedD.disregarded45.Theauthor’sprimaryconcernistoA.critiquetheparochialismofdomesticcourtsB.outlinethelimitsofcomityC.advocateuniversalismoverterritorialityD.explainthetheoreticalbasisofcomity三、英译汉（共2段，每段15分，共30分）46.TranslatethefollowingintofluentChinese:TheParisAgreement’sambitionmechanismcomprisesafive-yearcycleinwhichPartiessubmitsuccessivenationallydeterminedcontributions(NDCs)thatareexpectedtorepresentaprogressionbeyondthepreviousone.ThemechanismisunderpinnedbyatransparencyframeworkthatappliestoallParties,albeitwithbuilt-inflexibilityfordevelopingcountries.TheGlobalStocktake,conductedeveryfiveyears,assessescollectiveprogresstowardtheAgreement’slong-termgoalsandinformsthepreparationofsubsequentNDCs.47.TranslatethefollowingintofluentChinese:InarbitrationsseatedinSwitzerland,thearbitraltribunalhasthepowertoruleonitsownjurisdiction,includinganyobjectionswithrespecttotheexistenceorvalidityofthearbitrationagreement.Suchcompetence-competenceisrecognizedbothundertheSwissPrivateInternationalLawActandbytheSwissSupremeCourt,whichreviewsjurisdictionalrulingsonlyinsummaryproceedingsanddoesnotrevisitthemeritsofthetribunal’sfindings.四、汉译英（共2段，每段15分，共30分）48.将下列段落译成地道英文：本保险单受中华人民共和国法律管辖，任何争议应提交北京仲裁委员会按其现行仲裁规则进行仲裁，仲裁地点为北京。仲裁裁决为终局，对双方均有约束力。49.将下列段落译成地道英文：专利申请人对国家知识产权局驳回决定不服的，可以自收到通知之日起三个月内向专利复审委员会请求复审；对复审决定仍不服的，可以在三个月内向北京知识产权法院提起行政诉讼。五、译文评析（共1题，10分）50.以下译文存在哪些不妥之处？请逐句指出并给出修改建议：原文：Thelicenseeshallnotchallengethevalidityofthelicensedpatents,eitherdirectlyorindirectly,duringthetermofthisagreement.译文：被许可人在本协议期限之内不得直接或间接地质疑被许可专利的有效性。卷后答案与解析1.A.adamant=坚定不移2.A.“construedas”译为“解释为”最贴合法律语境3.D.irre-,dis-,un均为否定前缀4.B.obviate=消除5.A.render此处为“表现”，其余为“作出”“翻译”“致使”6.A.“equallyauthentic”为条约标准表述7.B.substantive/procedurallaw为固定分类8.A.“takemeasures”为固定搭配9.B.法律义务语境10.A.“finalandbinding”为仲裁标准措辞11.B.唯一符合“withoutprejudiceto”的让步结构12.A.“graveconcern”为联合国文件高频短语13.A.negotiableinstrument=票据14.B.“construedasarestriction”精准对应15.D.此处“party”指政党16.B.palpable=可触及的17.A.claimforbreach=违约索赔18.A.lien,mortgage,third-partyrights为法律“三板斧”19.B.defaultonloan=贷款违约20.D.issuer’soptiontoredeem为债券“赎回权”标准定义21.C.equityofredemption为抵押赎回权，与股权无关22.A.supersedes为合同“取代”标准动词23.D.不可抗力=irresistible