英语专业专升本议论文写作专项卷

英语专业专升本议论文写作专项卷考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分 年级/班级：英语专业专升本

试标题是:“英语专业专升本议论文写作专项卷”

一、选择题

1.Inanargumentativeessay,whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdefinesthepurposeofathesisstatement?

A.Tointroducethemaincharacterofthestory.

B.Tosummarizetheentireessayinonesentence.

C.Topresentthemainargumentorclaimoftheessay.

D.Toprovideacatchyopeningforthereader.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacommonstructureforanargumentativeessay?

A.Introduction,bodyparagraphs,conclusion.

B.Problem,solution,andevaluation.

C.Chronologicalorderofevents.

D.Claim,evidence,reasoning,andconclusion.

3.Whenusingevidenceinanargumentativeessay,whichofthefollowingisconsideredtheweakesttypeofevidence?

A.Experttestimonyfromarecognizedauthority.

B.Statisticsfromareputablesource.

C.Anecdotalevidencefromapersonalexperience.

D.Historicalexamplesthatsupporttheargument.

4.Inwhichofthefollowingscenarioswouldacounterargumentbemosteffectiveinanargumentativeessay?

A.Whentheauthorstronglyagreeswiththeopposingviewpoint.

B.Whentheauthorwantstoavoiddiscussinganyweaknessesintheirargument.

C.Whentheauthorpresentsavalidopposingperspectivetostrengthentheirownargument.

D.Whentheauthorusesittodistractthereaderfromthemainpoint.

5.Whichofthefollowingisakeycharacteristicofawell-craftedargumentativeessay?

A.Theuseofemotionallanguagetoswaythereader.

B.Theinclusionofmultipleunrelatedarguments.

C.Aclearandlogicalprogressionofideas.

D.Theuseofcomplexvocabularytoconfusethereader.

6.Whatistheprimarypurposeoftheintroductioninanargumentativeessay?

A.Toprovideadetailedbackgroundoftheauthor'slife.

B.Tostatethemainargumentorthesisoftheessay.

C.Tosummarizethemainpointsoftheessay.

D.Tointroducethemaincharacterofthestory.

7.Whichofthefollowingisacommonmistaketoavoidwhenwritinganargumentativeessay?

A.Usingcrediblesourcestosupporttheargument.

B.Failingtoaddresscounterarguments.

C.Clearlystatingthethesisstatement.

D.Usinglogicalreasoningtosupporttheclaims.

8.Inwhichofthefollowingscenarioswouldarhetoricalquestionbemosteffectiveinanargumentativeessay?

A.Whentheauthorwantstointroduceanewtopic.

B.Whentheauthorwantstoengagethereaderandmakethemthinkcriticallyabouttheargument.

C.Whentheauthorwantstoprovideadirectanswertoaproblem.

D.Whentheauthorwantstosummarizethemainpointsoftheessay.

9.Whichofthefollowingisakeyelementofastrongconclusioninanargumentativeessay?

A.Restatingthemainpointsinadifferentorder.

B.Introducingnewevidenceorarguments.

C.Providingafinalthoughtorcalltoactionthatreinforcesthemainargument.

D.Summarizingtheauthor'spersonalexperiences.

10.Whatisthebestwaytoensurethatanargumentativeessayiswell-organized?

A.Usingarandomorderofparagraphs.

B.Startingwiththeconclusionandworkingbackward.

C.Followingaclearandlogicalstructurewithathesisstatement,bodyparagraphs,andconclusion.

D.Includingasmanysubheadingsaspossibletomaketheessaylookmoredetailed.

二、填空题

1.Inanargumentativeessay,the_______isthecentralargumentorclaimthattheauthoraimstoprove.

2.Awell-crafted_______shouldclearlystatethemainargumentandprovidearoadmapfortheessay.

3._______istheuseoflogicalreasoningtosupporttheclaimsmadeinanargumentativeessay.

4.Inanargumentativeessay,a_______isastatementorclaimthatcontradictstheauthor'smainargument.

5._______areusedtoprovideevidenceandsupportfortheclaimsmadeinanargumentativeessay.

6.A_______isarhetoricaldevicethatengagesthereaderandmakesthemthinkcriticallyabouttheargument.

7.The_______ofanargumentativeessayshouldclearlyrestatethemainargumentandprovideafinalthoughtorcalltoaction.

8._______areusedtointroducenewtopicsorideaswithintheessay.

9.Astrongargumentativeessayshouldavoid_______andinsteadfocusonclearandlogicalreasoning.

10._______istheprocessofanalyzingandevaluatingthestrengthsandweaknessesofdifferentarguments.

三、多选题

1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonstructuresforanargumentativeessay?

A.Introduction,bodyparagraphs,conclusion.

B.Problem,solution,andevaluation.

C.Chronologicalorderofevents.

D.Claim,evidence,reasoning,andconclusion.

2.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredstrongtypesofevidenceinanargumentativeessay?

A.Experttestimonyfromarecognizedauthority.

B.Statisticsfromareputablesource.

C.Anecdotalevidencefromapersonalexperience.

D.Historicalexamplesthatsupporttheargument.

3.Whichofthefollowingarekeycharacteristicsofawell-craftedargumentativeessay?

A.Theuseofemotionallanguagetoswaythereader.

B.Theinclusionofmultipleunrelatedarguments.

C.Aclearandlogicalprogressionofideas.

D.Theuseofcomplexvocabularytoconfusethereader.

4.Whichofthefollowingarecommonmistakestoavoidwhenwritinganargumentativeessay?

A.Usingcrediblesourcestosupporttheargument.

B.Failingtoaddresscounterarguments.

C.Clearlystatingthethesisstatement.

D.Usinglogicalreasoningtosupporttheclaims.

5.Whichofthefollowingareeffectiverhetoricaldevicestouseinanargumentativeessay?

A.Rhetoricalquestions.

B.Analogies.

C.Metaphors.

D.Repetition.

6.Whichofthefollowingarekeyelementsofastrongconclusioninanargumentativeessay?

A.Restatingthemainpointsinadifferentorder.

B.Introducingnewevidenceorarguments.

C.Providingafinalthoughtorcalltoactionthatreinforcesthemainargument.

D.Summarizingtheauthor'spersonalexperiences.

7.Whichofthefollowingareimportantforensuringthatanargumentativeessayiswell-organized?

A.Usingarandomorderofparagraphs.

B.Startingwiththeconclusionandworkingbackward.

C.Followingaclearandlogicalstructurewithathesisstatement,bodyparagraphs,andconclusion.

D.Includingasmanysubheadingsaspossibletomaketheessaylookmoredetailed.

8.Whichofthefollowingarecommontypesofevidenceusedinanargumentativeessay?

A.Experttestimony.

B.Statistics.

C.Anecdotes.

D.Historicalexamples.

9.Whichofthefollowingarekeycomponentsofawell-craftedargumentativeessay?

A.Aclearandconcisethesisstatement.

B.Strongandrelevantevidence.

C.Logicalreasoningandanalysis.

D.Emotionallanguagetoswaythereader.

10.Whichofthefollowingareimportantforengagingthereaderinanargumentativeessay?

A.Usingemotionallanguage.

B.Presentingabalancedviewoftheargument.

C.Usingrhetoricalquestions.

D.Providingaclearandlogicalstructure.

四、判断题

11.Athesisstatementmustalwaysbeincludedattheverybeginningofanargumentativeessay.

12.Counterargumentsareunnecessaryinanargumentativeessayiftheauthor'sviewpointisstronglysupportedbyevidence.

13.Rhetoricalquestionscanbeusedtoweakentheargumentinanessay.

14.Theconclusionofanargumentativeessayshouldintroducenewevidenceorargumentstosupportthethesis.

15.Usingemotionallanguageisalwaysaneffectivestrategyinanargumentativeessay.

16.Awell-organizedargumentativeessayshouldhaveaclearstructurewithathesisstatement,bodyparagraphs,andconclusion.

17.Experttestimonyisconsideredtheweakesttypeofevidenceinanargumentativeessay.

18.Anecdotalevidencecanbeavalidsourceofsupportfortheclaimsinanargumentativeessay.

19.Thebodyparagraphsofanargumentativeessayshouldeachfocusonasinglemainpointthatsupportsthethesis.

20.Logicalreasoningisessentialforconstructingastrongargumentinanargumentativeessay.

五、问答题

21.Describethepurposeofathesisstatementinanargumentativeessayandhowitguidesthestructureoftheessay.

22.Explaintheimportanceofaddressingcounterargumentsinanargumentativeessayandhowitcanstrengthentheauthor'sposition.

23.Discusstheroleofevidenceinsupportingtheclaimsofanargumentativeessayandprovideexamplesofdifferenttypesofevidencethatcanbeused.

试卷答案

一、选择题答案及解析

1.C.Topresentthemainargumentorclaimoftheessay.

解析：Thesisstatement的主要目的是明确陈述文章的核心论点或主张，为整篇文章提供方向和焦点。

2.C.Chronologicalorderofevents.

解析：Argumentativeessay的常见结构包括引言、主体段落和结论，问题-解决方案-评价，以及论点-证据-推理-结论。按事件发生的时间顺序组织文章不适合论证性essays，因为重点应放在论点和证据上，而不是事件的先后顺序。

3.C.Anecdotalevidencefromapersonalexperience.

解析：Anecdotalevidence（轶事证据）通常基于个人经历或故事，虽然生动，但往往缺乏普遍性和客观性，因此在论证中相对较弱。专家证词、统计数据和历史例子通常更可靠、更有力。

4.C.Whentheauthorpresentsavalidopposingperspectivetostrengthentheirownargument.

解析：在论证性essay中，提出反论点（counterargument）的有效场景是作者呈现一个有效的对立观点，以此来加强自己的论点。这显示了作者的批判性思维和对论点的全面理解。

5.C.Aclearandlogicalprogressionofideas.

解析：一篇优秀的论证性essay的关键特征是ideas的清晰和逻辑上的递进。这确保了读者能够轻松跟随作者的论证，并理解其推理过程。

6.B.Tostatethemainargumentorthesisoftheessay.

解析：引言（Introduction）在论证性essay中的主要目的是陈述文章的核心论点或thesisstatement，为读者提供文章的主旨和方向。

7.B.Failingtoaddresscounterarguments.

解析：撰写论证性essay时常见的错误是未能回应反论点。忽略反论点会使文章显得不全面，并削弱作者论点的说服力。

8.B.Whentheauthorwantstoengagethereaderandmakethemthinkcriticallyabouttheargument.

解析：在论证性essay中，使用修辞问题（rhetoricalquestion）最有效的情况是作者希望吸引读者并让他们对论点进行批判性思考。修辞问题可以激发读者的兴趣，并引导他们思考作者的观点。

9.C.Providingafinalthoughtorcalltoactionthatreinforcesthemainargument.

解析：论证性essay的结论（Conclusion）的关键要素是提供一个最终的想法或行动号召，以加强核心论点。结论应总结主要观点，并留下深刻的印象或鼓励读者采取行动。

10.C.Followingaclearandlogicalstructurewithathesisstatement,bodyparagraphs,andconclusion.

解析：确保论证性essay组织良好的最佳方法是遵循一个清晰且逻辑性的结构，包括引言、主体段落和结论。这种结构有助于读者理解作者的论点和推理过程。

二、填空题答案及解析

1.Thesisstatement

解析：在论证性essay中，thesis（中心论点）是作者旨在证明的核心论点或主张。

2.Thesisstatement

解析：引言（Introduction）应清晰地陈述核心论点，并为文章提供路线图，指导读者了解作者的论证方向。

3.Logicalreasoning

解析：逻辑推理（Logicalreasoning）是使用推理来支持论证中提出的论点的过程，是构建有效论证的关键。

4.Counterargument

解析：在论证性essay中，反论点（Counterargument）是与作者核心论点相反的观点或主张，提出反论点是展示全面性和加强自身论点的重要策略。

5.Evidence

解析：证据（Evidence）用于提供支持论证中提出的论点的依据，可以是数据、例子、专家证词等，是增强论证说服力的关键。

6.Rhetoricalquestion

解析：修辞问题（Rhetoricalquestion）是一种修辞手法，通过提出问题来吸引读者的注意，并引导他们思考作者的观点，常用于增强论证的吸引力。

7.Conclusion

解析：结论（Conclusion）应清晰地重申核心论点，并提供最终的思考或行动号召，以加强文章的整体影响。

8.Transitionsentences

解析：过渡句（Transitionsentences）用于引入新的主题或想法，使文章更具连贯性和流畅性，帮助读者理解不同部分之间的联系。

9.Emotionallanguage

解析：一篇强有力的论证性essay应避免使用情绪化的语言，而应专注于清晰的逻辑推理，以保持客观性和说服力。

10.Criticalanalysis

解析：批判性分析（Criticalanalysis）是分析评估不同论点的优势和劣势的过程，有助于作者更全面地理解问题，并构建更有力的论证。

三、多选题答案及解析

1.A.Introduction,bodyparagraphs,conclusion;B.Problem,solution,andevaluation;D.Claim,evidence,reasoning,andconclusion.

解析：论证性essay的常见结构包括引言、主体段落和结论；问题-解决方案-评价；论点-证据-推理-结论。这些结构都有助于清晰地呈现论点和证据。

2.A.Experttestimonyfromarecognizedauthority;B.Statisticsfromareputablesource;D.Historicalexamplesthatsupporttheargument.

解析：强有力的证据类型包括来自知名权威的专家证词、来自可靠来源的统计数据以及支持论点的历史例子，这些证据都能有效支持作者的立场。

3.C.Aclearandlogicalprogressionofideas.

解析：优秀的论证性essay的关键特征是ideas的清晰和逻辑上的递进，这有助于读者理解作者的论证过程。

4.B.Failingtoaddresscounterarguments.

解析：撰写论证性essay时应避免的错误包括未能回应反论点，这会使文章显得不全面，并削弱作者论点的说服力。

5.A.Rhetoricalquestions;B.Analogies;C.Metaphors;D.Repetition.

解析：有效的修辞手法包括修辞问题、类比、隐喻和重复，这些手法可以增强文章的表现力和说服力。

6.C.Providingafinalthoughtorcalltoactionthatreinforcesthemainargument.

解析：结论（Conclusion）的关键要素是提供一个最终的想法或行动号召，以加强核心论点，给读者留下深刻印象。

7.C.Followingaclearandlogicalstructurewithathesisstatement,bodyparagraphs,andconclusion.

解析：确保论证性essay组织良好的重要方法是遵循一个清晰且逻辑性的结构，包括引言、主体段落和结论。

8.A.Experttestimony;B.Statistics;C.Anecdotes;D.Historicalexamples.

解析：论证性essay中常见的证据类型包括专家证词、统计数据、轶事和历史例子，这些证据可以支持作者的论点。

9.A.Aclearandconcisethesisstatement;B.Strongandrelevantevidence;C.Logicalreasoningandanalysis.

解析：优秀的论证性essay的关键组成部分包括清晰的中心论点、强有力的相关证据以及逻辑推理和分析，这些都有助于构建有力的论证。

10.B.Presentingabalancedviewoftheargument;C.Usingrhetoricalquestions;D.Providingaclearandlogicalstructure.

解析：吸引读者参与论证性essay的重要方法包括呈现论点的平衡观点、使用修辞问题以及提供清晰且逻辑性的结构，这些都有助于增强文章的吸引力和说服力。

四、判断题答案及解析

11.False

解析：Thesisstatement不一定必须放