高考英语总复习考点分类练4 推理判断题（二）

考点分类练（四）推理判断题（2）

Passage1（2025山东荒泽二模）

主题:成人教育的实践创新词数:328

难度：★★★☆☆限时:7分钟

Theteacherstartswiththebasics:howtothreadaneedle.Then,overthecourseofthe

next30minutes,sheshowsthestudentsafewdifferentstilches（针法）,alongwithhowto

mendatornshirt.Thcsewingclassispartofafree,one-daycourseatAustinCommunity

College（ACC）called“Adulting10「.Thestudentsrangeinagefromtheirlateteenstomid-

40s.

ACChasbeenrunningsuchprogrammesforsixyears.Theworkshopsaredesignedto

helppeople''successfullynavigateadulthood”,eventhosewho,legallyandpractically,have

beennavigatingitforquitesometimc.Thctopicsvaryfrombasic——howtodress

appropriatelyforajobinterview-toadvanced,suchashowtofileincometaxes.

Theriseinneedforadultingclassesreflects,inpart,thechangingnatureofchildhoodand

adolescence,whichhavegrownmoredigitalandlessphysical.Americanteensspendupto

ninehourseachdayonscreens.TikTokandYouTubedoofferhandytutorialsonallmanner

ofhousework,butmostyoungusersoftheseplatformsarcmoreinterestedindancingthan

dishwashers.

KeithHayward,aprofessoroftheUniversityofCopenhagen,arguedthattherehasbeena

generationalshiftandthatyoungpeoplearelessmaturethantheirancestorswereatthesame

agc.Thcyarcescapingfromresponsibilitiessuchasmarriage,homeowningandchild-raising

because“adultingishard”,asoneofhisstudentsputit.Headdsthatyoungpeopletodayare

alsolessinterestedinwhattheireldertrytoof能r."Ifparentsarenotprovidingadviceon

manyessentiallifetasks,you,releftwiththeseclassespickingupwhatyoushouldhave

gained.”

Manywillseeadultingclassesasproofofyoungsters,delayeddevelopment.Butspoiled

childrendonotacknowledgethegapsintheirknowledgeandtrytofillthem.Onlyagrown­

upwouldwillinglyspendpreciousfreetimedoingsomethingasdullaslearninghowtomend

ashirt.

l.Whyisthe"Adulting101"courseopened?

A.Toteachdigitalskills.

B.Tomakeadultlifesmooth.

C.Totrainexperiencedtailors.

D.Toadvanceacademiclevel.

2.Whatdocstheriseinneedfbradultingclassesreflectaboutyoungpeopletoday?

A.Thcirnatureofadulting.

B.Theiraddictiontoscreens.

C.Theirinterestinhousework.

D.Theirlovefortutorials.

3.WhatisKeithHayward'sattitudetowardsadultingclasses?

A.Doubtful.B.Negative.

C.Neutral.D.Positive.

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Adultingclassesshouldbestartedearlier.

B.Practicalskillsareasignofbecomingmature.

C.Adultingclassesareverydullforgrown-ups.

D.Youngpeoplehaveagenerationgapwiththeirparents.

Passage2（2025湖南湘潭5月模拟）

主题:生命科学与健康词数:320

难度:★★★☆☆限时:7分钟

AteamfromRutgersNewJerseyMedicalSchoolfoundthatmicelackingaspecific

genedevelopedanunusuallypowerfulformofbrownfattissue,whichimprovedlongevity

andincreasedexercisecapabilitybyapproximately30%.Theteamisnowworkingonadrug

toreplicatetheseeffectsinhumans."Exercisecapabilityreducesasyougetolder,andtohave

atechniquethatcouldenhanceexerciseperformancewouldbeverybeneficialforhealthful

aging,“saidStephenVatner,seniorauthorofthestudyinAghzgCell.

Thisstudyrevealedbrownfatenhancesbloodflowtomusclesduringphysical

activity.Thegeneticallymodifiedmiceproducedunusuallyhighamountsofactivebrownfat

andshowedabout30%betterexerciseperformancethannormalmice,bothinspeedandlime

toexhaustion.Themodifiedmice,whichlackaproteincalledRGS14,liveabout20%longer

thannormalmice,withfemaleslivinglongerthanmales.Evenatadvancedages,theymaintain

ahealthierappearanceandwitnessnolossofhairandgrayingthatappearinnormalelderly

mice.Theirbrownfattissuealsoprotectsthemfromcertaindiseases.

Theresearchersalsotransplantedthebrownfattonormalmice.Theynotedthatthe

receiversgainedsimilarbenefitswithindays.Transplantsusingregularbrownfatfrom

normalmice,bycontrast,tookeightweekstoproducemuchslighterimprovements.

Thediscoverycouldeventuallyprolongthetotaltimewhenpeopleenjoygoodmental

andphysicalhealth.Ratherthandevelopatreatmentthataddressesagingbroadly,Vatncrsaid

histeamplanstotestforspecificbenefitssuchasimprovedexercisecapacityand

metabolism（新陈代谢）.Inthemeantime,techniquessuchasicebathscanincreasebrownfat

naturally.Studieshavefoundsucheffortsproducedshort-termbenefitsthatrangefrom

enhancedimmunesystemfunctiontoimprovedmetabolicheallh,butVainersaidnoneofthe

studieshaverunlongenoughtofindanyeffectonhealthfulaging.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninparagraph1?

A.Exam.B.Copy.

C.Lighten.D.Explain.

6.Whatdidthestudyfindaboutbrownfat?

A.Itisproducedbyacertainprotein.

B.Itisusedtotreatspecificillnesses.

C.Itreducesexercise-relatedinjuries.

D.Ithelpsimproveexercisetolerance.

7.Whyweretwodifferenttransplantsconducted?

A.Tostressthechancesoftransplantingbrownfat.

B.Toshowtheunderlyinglogicoftransplanting.

C.Tocomparetheresultsoftwotransplants.

D.Toprovebrownfatbenefitsnormalmice.

8.WhatisVatner'sattitudetowarddeliberatecoldexposure?

A.Cautious.B.Unclear.

C.Pessimistic.D.Approving.

Passage3（2025河北邢台二模）

主题:生命科学与抗衰老研究词数:320

难度:★★★★☆限时:7分钟

Forhumans,agingisunavoidable.Butaxolotls（美西蜘）,thosecutesmilinganimalsof

popculturefame,seeminglyavoidthisfatetoapoint.

Inaphenomenoncalled“neoteny”,axolotlsneveroutgrowtheirinitialstage,lookinglike

oversizebabiesasadults.Notonlydotheylookyouthful,withfeatherystructuresand

distinctivecharacteristics,butthesecriticallyendangeredMexicanspeciesalsoexperience

fewphysicaldeclinesanddiseases,andtheycanregeneratetheirlimbs,tails,andevenolher

organsovertheir21-yearlifespan.Forthatreason,human-bredaxolotls,whicharcalightpink

incolor,arecommonresearchsubjectsforbiologists,whohavelongbeenfascinatedbytheir

abilitytofightaging.

Now,anewstudyrevealsonemoremysteryaboutthesecuriouscreatures.Theirbodies

stoponeofthekeymechanismsofaging——theepigeneticclock（表观遗传时钟）——when

they'rejustfouryearsold.Anepigeneticclockestimatesananimal'sagebasedonhowlife

events,suchasstressordiet,turnitsgenesonandoff.Ifananimalhasexperiencedalotof

physicalandmentalpain,forinstance,itsepigeneticorbiologicalage,couldbemucholder

thanitsrealage.

Thefindingscouldbeonemorestepinthelongquesttodiscovereffectiveanti-aging

treatmentsforhumans,suchasreducinginflammation（炎症）,accordingtothestudypublished

onbioRxiv,awebsitewherestudiesarepostedwithoutpeerreview.Chasingyouthisa

populargoakTheanti-agingmarket,valuedat$40billion,isestimatedtohit$60billionby

2032.What'smore,understandingaxolotlgeneticscouldinspiremedicinesforregenerating

cells,muscles,ormaybeevenarmsandlegs.

“Itisagreatleapfbnvardinagingandregeneration/'saysJamesGodwin,an

immunologistattheMDIBiologicalLaboratoryinMainswhowasnotinvolvedinthenew

study/'Ifthemechanismscanbeunderstood,thenmanyopportunitiestoimprovehuman

healthcouldpresentthemselves.”

Thestudyteamexamined18（）axolotlsfromfourweeksto21yearsof

age.Hopefully,researchonlargescalesisinstoreforfuturededicatedscientists.

9.Whatisafeatureofaxolotlsdueio"neoieny”？

A.Theyexperiencerapidaging.

B.Theyhaveahigherriskofdisease.

C.Theymaintainayoungappearance.

D.Theyundergoafewdramaticbodychanges.

lO.Whichfactorofananimalcanaffectitsepigeneticclock?

Altssize.Bitscolor.

C.Itshabitat.D.Itssuffering.

11.WhatdoesJamesGodwinthinkofthestudy?

A.Itisthorough.

B.Ilispromising.

C.ltisone-sided.

D.Itismisunderstood.

12.Whatfielddoesthetextmainlycover?

A.Diet.B.Finance.

C.Psychology.D.Biology.

答案:

Passage1

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥斯汀社区学院(ACC)开设的“成人

1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中“ACChasbeenrunningsuchprogrammesforsix

years.Theworkshopsaredesignedtohelppeople'successfullynavigateadulthood',even

thosewho,legallyandpractically,havebeennavigatingiiforquitesomelime.“可

知JAdulting101”的目的是使成人生活顺利°

2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theriseinneedforadultingclassesreflects,inpart,the

changingnatureofchildhoodandadolescence,whichhavegrownmoredigitalandless

physical.Americanteensspenduptoninehourseachdayonscreens.”可知，对成人课程需求

的增加反映了当今年轻人对屏幕的沉迷。

3.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知KeithHayward认为能在这些课程中学习

你本应学到的东西,所以态度是积极的。

4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段"Manywillseeadultingclassesasproofofyoungsters'

delayeddevelopment.Butspoiledchildrendonotacknov/ledgethegapsintheirknowledge

andtrytofillthem.Onlyagrown-upwouldwillinglyspendpreciousfreetimedoing

somethingasdullaslearninghowtomendashirt.“可知，从本段可推出实用技能是戌熟的

一个标志。

提分干货

高频1.appropriately适当地2.shift〃.转变

词汇3.mend也修补

熟词

file（生儿提交（税务等）（熟）儿文件

生义

1.alongwith和...——起

重点

2.rangefrom...to...范围从...到....

短语

3.bedesignedtodosth旨在做某事

Ifparentsarenotprovidingadviceonmanyessentiallifetasks,you'releftwith

theseclassespickingupwhatyoushouldhavegained.

分析:本句为主从复合句。Ifparentsarenotprovidingadviceonmanyessential

难句

lifelasks为if引导的条件状语从句;whatyoushouldhavegained为what引导的

分析

宾语从句。

译文:如果父母没有就许多基本的生活技能提供指导，那么你就只能在这些课程

中学习你本应该学习的东西。

Passage2

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究发现棕色脂肪组织能提高

老鼠的运动能力且延长它们的寿命，并探讨了其在人类健康中的应用潜力。

5.B词句猜测题。根据第一段中“AteamfromRutgersNewJerseyMedicalSchoolfound

thatmicelackingaspecificgenedevelopedanunusuallypowerfulformofbrownfat

tissue,whichimprovedlongevityandincreasedexercisecapabilitybyapproximately

30%.Theteamisnowworkingonadrugtoreplicatetheseeffectsinhumans.''可知，研究小组

先发现了缺乏特定基因的老鼠所产生的特殊效果，即棕色脂肪组织能延长老鼠的寿命，改

善它们的运动能力，现在研发药物是为了在人类身上乜产生和老鼠同样的效果，所以

replicate的意思是"复制"，与“Copy”同义。

6.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thegeneticallymodifiedmiceproducedunusually

highamountsofactivebrownfatandshowedabout30%betterexerciseperformancethan

normalmice,bothinspeedandtimetoexhaustion.”可知,研究发现棕色脂肪有助于提高运

动耐力，即选项D“它有助于提高运动耐力工

7.C推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theresearchersalsotransplantedthebrownfatto

normalmice.Theynotedthatthereceiversgainedsimilarbenefitswithindays.Transplants

usingregularbrownfatfromnormalmice,bycontrast,tookeightweekstoproducemuch

slighterimprovements.”可知，进行两种不同的移植是为了比较两种移植的结果，以观察哪

种移植方式更有效。

8.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Inthemeantime,techniquessuchasicebathscan

increasebrownfatnaturally.Studieshavefoundsucheffortsproducedshort-termbenefitsthat

rangefromenhancedimmunesystemfunctiontoimprovedmetabolichealth,butVatnersaid

noneofthestudieshaverunlongenoughtofindanyeffectonhealthfulaging.”可知,Vatner

认为像冰浴这样的技术虽然能产生短期的好处，但还没有足够的研究来证明它们对健康

衰老的影响，因此他对故意暴露于寒冷的态度是谨慎的。

易错点拨:本题易错选D项。部分考生可能只关注“canincreasebrownfatnaiurally”的积

极描述，忽略后文的限制条件but...o

提分干货

1.capability〃.能力2.beneficial,必.有益的

高频

3.exhaustion几力竭4.transplantu.移植

词汇

5.addressu.解决（问题）

熟词advanced（生）adj.高龄的（熟）〃的.先进的

生义witness（生）上表现出（某种特性）（熟）上目击

重点

inthemeantime在此期间，同时

短语

AteamfromRutgersNewJerseyMedicalSchoolfoundthatmicelackinga

specificgenedevelopedanunusuallypowerfulformofbrownfattissue,which

improvedlongevityandincreasedexercisecapabilitybyapproximately30%.

分析:本句为主从复合句。thatmicelackingaspecificgenedevelopedan

难句unusuallypowerfulformofbrownfattissue为that引导的宾语从句;which

分析improvedlongevityandincreasedexercisecapabilitybyapproximately30%为

which引导的非限制性定语从句。

译文:罗格斯新泽西医学院的一个研究小组发现，缺乏一种特定基因的老鼠产

生了一种异常强大的棕色脂肪组织，这种脂肪组织能延长它们的寿命，并使其

运动能力提高约30%o

Passage3

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现美西螺的身体在四岁时就停止衰老的

一个关键机制——表观遗传时钟，这一发现可能是人类在寻找有效的抗衰老方法的长期

探索中又迈出了一步。

9.C细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inaphenomenoncalled力eoteny',axolotlsnever

outgrowtheirinitialstage,lookinglikeoversizebabiesasadults.Notonlydotheylook

youthful”可知，由于“幼态挂续”，美西嫄保持着年轻的外表。

10.D细节理解题。根据第三段中“Anepigeneticclockestimatesananimal'sagebased

onhowlifeevents,suchasstressordiet,turnitsgenesonandoff.Ifananimalhasexperienced

alotofphysicalandmentalpain,forinstance,itsepigeneticorbiologicalage,couldbemuch

olderthanitsrealage.”可知，动物遭受的痛苦会影响它的表观遗传时钟。

11.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“'Itisagreatleapforwardinagingandregeneration/

saysJamesGodwin,animmunologistattheMDIBiologicalLaboratoryinMainewhowas

notinvolved