初三英语定语从句专项训练题库

初三英语定语从句专项训练题库前言定语从句是初中英语语法体系中的重要一环，也是中考的核心考点之一。它不仅能够丰富句子结构，使表达更加精确和生动，更在阅读理解和书面表达中扮演着关键角色。对于初三学生而言，熟练掌握定语从句的用法，能够显著提升英语综合运用能力。本专项训练题库旨在通过系统梳理核心知识点，并配合不同梯度的练习题，帮助同学们巩固基础、突破难点，最终实现对定语从句的灵活运用。一、核心知识点回顾在进入专项训练之前，让我们先简要回顾一下定语从句的核心要素，这将有助于你更高效地完成后续练习。1.1定义与构成定语从句，顾名思义，是用作定语的从句，用于修饰主句中的某一名词或代词（即先行词）。其基本结构为：先行词+关系词+从句其他成分。关系词在从句中通常充当一定的句子成分（主语、宾语、定语、状语等）。1.2关系代词的基本用法*who/whom:指代人。who在从句中作主语或宾语；whom在从句中作宾语（通常可被who替代，尤其在口语中，但在介词后只能用whom）。*which:指代物。在从句中作主语或宾语。*that:既可指代人也可指代物。在从句中作主语或宾语。*whose:指代人或物的所属关系，在从句中作定语。1.3关系副词的基本用法*where:指代地点，在从句中作地点状语。*when:指代时间，在从句中作时间状语。*why:指代原因，在从句中作原因状语，通常先行词为reason。1.4关系代词that与which的特殊用法（常见考点）*通常情况下，指物时that和which可互换，但在以下情况中，通常用that：*先行词是不定代词（如all,something,nothing,everything等）时。*先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。*先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame等修饰时。*先行词既有人又有物时。*在非限制性定语从句中，或关系代词前有介词时，指物只能用which。1.5限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句*限制性定语从句:与先行词关系密切，不可或缺，去掉后主句意思不完整或改变。从句前无逗号。*非限制性定语从句:对先行词进行补充说明，去掉后主句意思仍完整。从句前有逗号隔开，且不可用that引导。二、专项训练题2.1基础巩固篇(选择适当的关系代词或关系副词填空)1.Thisisthebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryyesterday.2.Thegirl______isstandingatthedoorismybestfriend.3.Thisisthecity______Iwasborn.4.Istillremembertheday______wefirstmet.5.Thereason______hewaslateisnotclear.7.Thisisthebestfilm______Ihaveeverseen.8.Theteacher______wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalktomorrow.9.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?10.Thehouse______windowsfacesouthisours.2.2提升运用篇(用适当的关系词完成下列句子)1.Hetoldmeastory______wasveryinteresting.2.Theboywith______Iplayedtennisyesterdayismycousin.3.Thisistheschool______Istudiedthreeyearsago.4.Wewillneverforgetthedays______wespenttogetherinthecountryside.5.Thescientist______inventionhaschangedourlifeisgoingtogivealecturenextweek.6.Thenovel,______waswrittenbyafamouswriter,hasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.(非限制性定语从句)7.Thisisthemuseum______wevisitedlastmonth.8.Idon’tliketheway______hespeakstohismother.9.Thestudent______answeredthequestioncorrectlywillgetaprize.10.Wevisitedthefactory______carsaremade.2.3句型转换篇(将下列简单句合并为含有定语从句的复合句)1.Thegirlismysister.Sheiswearingareddress.→Thegirl____________wearingareddressismysister.2.Thisisthepark.WetookphotostherelastSunday.→Thisisthepark____________tookphotoslastSunday.3.Ihaveafriend.Hisfatherisadoctor.→Ihaveafriend____________isadoctor.4.Thebookisveryinteresting.Youlentittomelastweek.→Thebook____________lenttomelastweekisveryinteresting.5.Wewillrememberthemomentforever.Wewonthegameatthatmoment.→Wewillrememberthemoment____________wonthegameforever.2.4改错篇(找出下列句子中的错误并改正)1.ThisisthepenwhichIwrotetheletter.2.Themanwhomistalkingtomyfatherisournewteacher.3.IhavereadallthebookswhichIborrowedfromthelibrary.4.ThisisthevillagewhereIvisitedlastsummer.5.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam.三、参考答案与简析3.1基础巩固篇1.which/that(先行词是物，从句中缺宾语)2.who/that(先行词是人，从句中缺主语)3.where(先行词是地点，从句中缺地点状语)4.when(先行词是时间，从句中缺时间状语)5.why(先行词是reason，从句中缺原因状语)6.whose(先行词是人，从句中缺定语，表示“……的”)7.that(先行词被最高级best修饰)8.whom/who/that(先行词是人，从句中缺宾语)9.that(先行词是不定代词anything)10.whose(先行词是物，从句中缺定语，表示“……的”)3.2提升运用篇1.which/that(从句缺主语，指代物)2.whom(介词with后指人，作宾语用whom)3.where(先行词是地点，从句中缺状语)/inwhich4.which/that(从句缺宾语，指代物“days”，注意此处spent是及物动词，需接宾语)5.whose(先行词是人，从句中缺定语修饰invention)6.which(非限制性定语从句，指代物)7.which/that(从句缺宾语，指代物)8.that/inwhich/不填(theway作先行词时，关系词可用that,inwhich或省略)9.who/that(先行词是人，从句缺主语)10.where/inwhich(先行词是地点，从句中缺状语，“carsaremadeinthefactory”)3.3句型转换篇1.who/thatis(合并为：Thegirlwho/thatiswearingareddressismysister.)2.wherewe(合并为：ThisistheparkwherewetookphotoslastSunday.)3.whosefather(合并为：Ihaveafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.)4.which/thatyou(合并为：Thebookwhich/thatyoulenttomelastweekisveryinteresting.)5.whenwe(合并为：Wewillrememberthemomentwhenwewonthegameforever.)3.4改错篇1.which→withwhich或在wrote后加with(Iwrotetheletterwiththepen.关系词前需加介词with)2.whom→who/that(从句中缺主语，应用主格who/that，whom是宾格)3.which→that(先行词被all修饰，指物用that)4.where→which/that或去掉whe