2025-2026学年北京市顺义区高三（上期）期末考试英语试卷（含答案）

2026北京顺义高三（上）期末

英语

2026.1

本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无

效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在

答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Iwaslabeledthe“bad"boyofaremotevillageinIndia,wheretheairalwayssmelledofripecashews（腰果）.I

]schoolandhungaroundwithother"bad”boys.Noonethought1woulddoanythingworthwhilewithmy

life.

Butmymothervisualiseda2future.Shekneweducationwasmy3.Everymorning,when

Irefusedtogotoschool,she4meuntilIdressedandputonshoes,followedmerightuptothedoorofthe

classroomandwatchedmeenter.

5.herconstanteffortspaidoff.By12thgrade,Ihadtakenagoodlookatmyselfandrealisedthelife

Iwascreating-norespect,nofuture.Theserealisationsforcedmeto6thatmymotherwasright一

educationwasmyonlywayout.

Since（hen.Ibecameanearlybirdandstayedlateatschool.Istruggledtopassexamsandmygrades7.

Finally,auniversityadmissionletterarrived.

Fiumllicicunwinds,things8.Univcisilywasanoceanofnewihouglits,whcivcvci^uncliadclcai

lifegoals.Beinginthat9pushedmetothinkbigger,andIdecidedtopursueaPhD.Havingseenthe

hardshipsofcashewfarmersinmyvillage,Ichosethecashewnutasmyresearchsubjecttoimprovetheirlivesby

findingbettersolutionsforproduction.

Nowmyresearchreceivesglobalrecognition.Theformer“badboy“finallygrewintoasuccessthroughthe

pov/erof1（）.

1.A.startedB.missedC.skippedD.finished

2.A.differentB.familiarC.difficultD.distant

3.A.burdenB.faithC.escapeD.desire

4.A.ignoredB.hurriedC.comfortedD.praised

5.A.InitiallyB.ParticularlyC.SurprisinglyD.Fortunately

6.A.admitB.imagineC.predictD.claim

7.A.cameoutB.bouncedbackC.inchedupD.leveledoff

8.A.fadedB.continuedC.foldedD.changed

9.A.processB.atmosphereC.systemD.location

10.A.habitB.confidenceC.passionD.knowledge

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)

A

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Wcallknowwcshouldexercisemore,butthebiggestbarrierformanyisfeelinglikewejustdon'thaveanhour

11(spare).Ifyou'veeverfeltguiltyaboutinactivityorstruggledwithtime12(manage),

“Snacktivity”maybetheanswer.It13(involve)^exercisesnacks“一brief,intentionalbursts(爆发)of

movementlastingfiveminutesorless,likestair-climbing,whichcaneasilyfindaplaceineventhebusiestday.

B

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题R指定区域作答。

Overthelasthalfcentury,sharkandray(解)populations14(drop)71percent,largelyduetoincreased

fishingpressure.Thisisn'tjustbadnewsforsharks—itthreatensthebalanceofentireoceanecosystems.By

targetingweakfish,sharkshelpkeepschoolsstrongand,inturn,supportoceanhealth.Sharksalsohelpkeepmore

carbon15(store)deepwithintheocean,whichhumanactivitiesarereleasing16tlieatmosphere,

fuelingclimatechange.

C

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Myunderstandingoffriendshipwastransformedin2024,17ImetSam.WcwerebothnewtoMiddle

School,eachcarryingthevarious18(anxiety)offacinganewenvironment.Ourinitialencounterwasas

ordinaryasanycouldbe,butitwasinthatsimplicitythattheseedsofourfriendship19(sow).Asdays

turnedtoweeks,wesharedourdreamsandlaughedoversillyjokes,20(find)comfortineachother's

company.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该

项涂黑。

A

ThePolyUSummerInstituteisyourgatewaytoexploreanimmersive(沉浸式的)universityexperienceat

PolyU.YouwillengageinaseriesoffunactivitiesledbyPolyUstudentleadersandexplorethedynamiccampus

life.

BybeingpartoftheSummerInstitute,studentswill:

•Engageinday-longattachmentprogrammesofferedbyPolyUschoolsattheirchoice

•Experienceourresidentialhalllife

•ExperiencePolyU'sinteractiveteachingandlearningthroughvariouscredit-bearingandnon-credit-bearing

courses

•Gainfirst-handinsightsformakinginformedchoicesforfuturestudies

TheSummerInstituteisdesignedforSecondary4andSecondary5students,scheduledforlateJuly2026during

yoursummerholiday.

In2026,thereareseveralengagingmodesofparticipation:

i)A5-day4-nightresidentialcamp;and/or

ii)Avarietyofone-weekcredit-bearingandnon-credit-bearingcourses

Detailswillbeannouncedinduecourse.Pleasestaytunedforourupdates!

Ifyouareinterestedinjoininginouractivities,pleaseprovideyourinformationtousthroughthelinkhere.

SharingfromaParticipant

''ThePolyUresidentialcampwasanamazingopportunitytoexperienceuniversity^lifeinpersonandgain

insightsintoourchosenindustry.Thoughitlastedonlyafewdays,itwasmorethanjustacamp—itwasabout

bondingwithpassionatestudentsfromaroundtheworld,becomingindependent,andtakingresponsibilityforour

futures.Specialthankstomygroupleadersandteammatesfi)rmakingthissummerremarkable!''

JessicaMa,SIParticipant2025

21.IntheSummerInstitute,studentswill.

A.designattachmentprogrammesB.arrangecampusaccommodation

C.getpracticaltipsforfuturecareersD.attendinteractiveuniversitycourses

22.lbjointheSummerInstitute,oneisrequiredto.

A.submitpersonalinformationonlineB.signupfortheresidentialcamp

C.graduatefromsecondaryschoolD.earncreditsfromthecourses

23.WhatdoesJessicaMamainlyshareasaparticipant?

A.Herstoryinthecamp.B.Hergainsfromthecamp.

C.Herreasonsforjoiningthecamp.D.Hergratitudelothecampleaders.

B

Iwasatworkwhenithappened.Outoftheblue,bam!Dizzinessstruck,extremeandsudden.Mystomachwas

upset,andthen,myrighteyewentdark.Panicrosethroughme."AmIdying?"Ilwasliketheveryfoundationofmy

lifecracked(破裂)beneathme.

Laidupinthathospitalbed.1wasdepressed,mymindcrowdedwithworries.Whataboutmyfamily?Iwas

(heirbreadwinner;theyneededme.Andsuddenly,Iwas(heoneneedingsupport.

Icamehomeinawheelchair.Itwaslikewakingupinahouseafterastorm,everythingfamiliaryetbrokenin

someway.Iwasleftnotbeingabletowalk,withconstantdizzinessandproblemswithmyhands.Thankfullymy

farr.ilywasmyrock,readytorebuildwithme.

Withphysicaltherapy(治疗)andsupportfrommywifeandkids,Iworkedonrelearningtowalkandusingmy

handsagain.Mysonwouldplayfullymovemywalker,challengingmetowalkfurther.Mywifewasmybalance,

literallyandfiguratively.ItwasinleaningonthemthatIfirstrealizedrecoverywasn'tsomethingIcou.dcarryalone.

Ihadtoconicupwithawaytoprovidefbrmyfamily.IwantedtobesuretheyhadahomeifIwasn'there.Not

tohavetowonyaboutrent.

Onenight,IsharedAthoughtwithtnywife,uWhatahnufbuyinganoldhouse?Onrownplace,asafetynetfbr

youandthekids."Shehesitated,worryinhereyes,butshebelievedinthedream.

Thatrun-downhouseweboughtfor$8,000—Itneededatonofwork.AsIlearnedtodealwithmydisabilities,

weslowlyreworkedthehouse.Thiswasn'tjustaproject;itwasourpathtorecovery.

Threeandahalfyearslater,wehavemovedintoourhome.Wehavealongwaytogoandcontinuetofacemany

challengesastheseasonschange.Still,togetherwe'vemadeitthisfar.

Foranyoneouttherefeelingtheirlife'sfoundationsshaking,knowthis:thecrackscanberepaired.Whatever

thingsareputinyourway,theyarenotends,justplaceswhereyouhavetochangeyourpath.

24.Duringhishospitalstay,whatwastheauthor'smajorconcern?

A.Hisfamily'sfuture.B.Hishealthcondition.

C.Hisstandingin(hefamily.D.Hisfamily'sattitudetowardshim.

25.Whydidtheauthorsuggestbuyinganoldhouse?

A.Tohelphiswifeachieveherdream.B.Tofindawaytocutdownon(herent.

C.Toprovideasecureshelterforhisfamily.D.Toimprovetheircurrentlivingconditions.

26.Howdoestheauthorfeelaftermovinginto(hehouse?

A.Hopeful.B.Relaxed.C.Aimless.D.Anxious.

27.Whatdoestheauthor'sexperienceshow?

A.Whatgoesupmustcomedown.B.Don'tputallyoureggsinonebasket.

C.Whenonedoorcloses,anotheropens.D.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.

c

Today'sbestartificialintelligence(AI)modelssailthroughtheTuringtest,afamousthoughtexperimentthat

askiwhetheracomputercanpassasahumanbyinteractingthroughtext.

Someseeanupgradedtestasanecessarystandardforprogresstowardsartificialgeneralintelligence(AGI)

anuncleartermusedbymanytechnologyfirmslomeananAIsystemwiththeresourcefulnesstomatchanyhuman

cognitive(认知的)ability.Butatanacademiceventon2October,severalresearcherssaidthattheTuringtestshould

beabandonedaltogether,andthatdevelopersshouldinsteadfocusonevaluatingAIsafetyandbuildingspecific

capabilitiesthatcouldbeofbenefittothepublic.

“TheideaofAGImightnotbetherightgoal,atleastnotnow,“saidGaryMarcus,aneuroscientist.Thisdoubt

isrootedinthefundamentallimitationsofcurrentALwhicharcoftenoptimizedversionsoflargelanguagemodels

(LLMs).InMarch,researcherstestedfourchatbotsinaversionoftheTuringtest,andfound(hai(hebestmodels

passed.

Yetthefactthatchatbotscanimitate(模仿)speechcrediblydoesnotmeanthattheycanunderstand,saidseveral

researchersattheevent.AlthoughLLMresponsescanbesurprisinglyhuman,uwhenyougooutsidetheboxofwhat

younormallyaskofthesesystems,theyhavealotoftrouble"，saidMarcus.Asexamples,hecitedtheinabilityof

somemodelstolabelthepartsonanelephantcorrectly,ortodrawclockhandsinanywherebutthetenandtwo

positions.Forthisreason,modelscouldstillfailtheTuringtestiftheyarechallengedbyascientistwhoknowstheir

weaknesses.

ShannonVailor,anAIethicist(伦理学家)，arguedthatthefocusonAGIisadistractionthatallowstechfirms

toignorepotentialharmsofthetechnology,suchasde-skillinghumans,producingfalseandnegativeimaginations

anddeepeningexistingprejudicesinthedataLLMslearnfrom.Rather(hanintelligencestandards,modelsshould

competeonsafetymeasures,ualongwiththetestofhoweasyitistoabusethetoolandhowlikelythetoolistodo

somethingunexpectedandundesirableinareal-worldcontext"，shesaid.

WilliamIsaac,whoresearchesAIuseinpublicpolicybroadlyagreed:theTuringtestofthefutureshould

questionwhetheranAIissafe,reliableandprovidesmeaningfulbenefit.

28.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodobymentioningAGIinParagraph2?

A.Clarifyaconcept.B.Highlightaproblem.

C.Makeaprediction.D.Justifyacomparison.

29.WhatcanwelearnaboutLLMsfromthispassage?

A.Theyhavehuman-likeunderstanding.

B.TheysucceedinupgradedTuringtests.

C.Theyoutperformhumansinresponsiveness.

D.Theyneedtobedevelopedforthepublicgood.

30.Asfbrtechfirms'currentpractices,ShannonValloris.

A.appreciativeB.doubtfulC.cautiousD.critical

31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.ThefunctionsofcurrentAI.

B.TheproposalofanewAItest.

C.Ashiftin（hefocusofAIresearch.

D.AdebateonthetestperformanceofAI.

D

Initially,therailwaysexperiencedaperiodofrapidexpansion,butsincethemid-twentiethcentury,railway

developmentinmostcountrieshashitthebuffers.

It'stimetotumthetables,andacknowledgethevastbenefitsofrailwaysasacornerstoneofasustainable

transportsystemthatcansupporthumandevelopmentandeconomicgrowth.

AccordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency,transportcurrentlyaccountsfbraroundone-quarterofglobal

CO>emissions（排放）.Between1990and2022,thoseemissionsgrewby1.7%ayear—anincreasegreaterthan

（haiofanypartbesidesindustry-asmorepeopleinmorepartsof（heworldbecamemoremobile.Over90%ofthe

energyusedtopowertransportcomesfromfossil（化石的）fuels.

Thosefiguresalonejustifyarenewedfocusonrailtransport.Perpassengerkilometre,itproducesone-fifthof

theemissionsofcartransport,andcssthanone-quarterofthoseofflying.Directemissionscanbecuttozeroif

（rainsarepoweredbyfullyrenewableelectricity.

Railtransportalsocontributeslittleinthewayofairpollutingemissions,whichareahealththreat.Thisis

particularlyimportantinarapidlyurbanizingworld.Betterrail-basedmass-transportoptionscouldhelptoreduce

urbanexpansion,aswellasthelandneededforroads,carparksandothercar-relatedsystemsandservices.Less-

crowdedcitieswithfewermotorvehiclesaremoreliveableplaceswherepeopletendtowalkandcyclemore,gaining

thehealthbenefitsoftheseactivities.Theyarealsomoreinclusive,particularlyforyoungerandolderpeoplewho

arelesslikelytoownavehicle.Asbothurbanizationandaveragepopulationdensity（密度）grow,researchshows

thaltherearemoreeconomicbenefitsofinvestmentinrailthanthoseofinvestmentinroads.Butitisnotjustcities.

Researchshowsthatcutstorailservicesinruralareashaveresultedinpopulationdecline,joblosses,andadropin

skilledworkers.

Onewayresearchcanhelptogetthingsbackontrackisbybroadeningthestandardgovernmentsusetoassess

railwayinvestment.Researchcanalsopresentthewinnersandloserscreatedbyinvestmentdecisions.Inshort,

turningaroundtheignoringofatechnology,whichhasnotonlychangedtheworldbutcouldalsosavetheplanet,is

acriticalpriorityofourtime.

32.Whatdoesthephrase"hilthebuffers"underlinedinParagraph1probablymean?

A.Comeintofocus.B.Runintoabarrier.

C.Createdinconvenience.D.Reachedastablestale.

33.Whatcanwelearnaboutrailtransportfromthispassage?

A.Itcandriveurbanandruralpopulationdecline.

B.Itcanachievesignificantbenefitsininvestment.

C.Itcanpromote（hewell-beingofurbanresidents.

D.Itcanbecomeamajorsourceofcarbonemissions.

34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AnIdealReplacementforCarsandPlanes

B.MakeTrainsGreatAgainforOurPlanet

C.AGoodProductofModernTechnology

D.MakeTrainsanUrban-RuralBridge

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项

涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Whydosomepeopleseemendlesslycuriouswhileotherspreferthecomfortof（hefamiliar?Weoftenthinkof

curiosityas,astablepersonalcharacteristic,partofwhatmakeseachpersonunique.35Anewstudy

publishedinEvolutionaryBehavioralSciencesarguesthatcuriosityevolves（进化）withourenvironment.

Forbothhumansandanimals,curiositymotivatesinformationseeking.Exploringnewplacesorunderstanding

othcrs,behaviorallprovideknowledgethatcanimprovesurvivalandreproduction.Butexplorationalsoinvolves

risk.Searchingforsomethingnewconsumestimeandenergyandmayexposeonetofailureorharm.36

Insecure,resource-richcontexts,thecostoffailureislow,andthelong-termbenefitsofinformationarehigh.In

contrast,inunpredictableenvironments,curiositycanbecostly.

37Participantscompletedameasureofcuriosity,coveringfivedimensions.Theresearchersalso

measuredparticipants'socioeconomicstatus（地位）（SES）,bothcurrentandduringchildhood.Theresultsshowed

thathighercurrentSESpredictedhighercuriosity,whilechildhoodSESshowedlittleeffect.Thissuggeststhat

curiosityisnotfixedearlyinlifebutremainsflexible,respondingdynamicallytocurrentecologicalconditions.

Authorsinterpretcuriosityasabehavioralflexibilitythatallowsindividualstoadjusttotheirenvironments.

Ratherthanbeingafixedcharacteristic,curiositymayturnupwhenconditionsarestableandsafe,andturndown

whenuncertaintymakesexplorationcostly.38Monkeys,birds,andevenbeesexploremoreinsafe,

resource-richsettings.

Interestingly,thefindingsalsosuggestafeedbackcycle,Whileeconomicstabilitymayencouragecuriosity,

uuriosilyitselfcandiivcccoiiumicgrowth.Peoplewhoarcmorecuiiuusoftenacquiremoreknowledgeandskills,

andseeknewopportunities—allofwhichcanimproveeconomicoutcomes,39

A.Thesamepatternappearsacrosstheanimalkingdom.

B.Whentheeconomyisstable,thecostofexplorationremainsuncertain.

C.Theresearchersinthisstudytestedthisideausingdatafrom962adults.

D.Yetrecentevidencesuggestsitmaybefarmoreflexiblethanwerealize.

E.Overtime,curiosityandeconomicsuccessmayfueloneanothercontinually.

F.However,theresearchersfindthatcuriosityhasdifferenteffectsonhumansandanimals.

G.Behavioralecologypredictsthatexplorationshouldthereforevarywithenvironmentalconditions.

第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文I可答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Repetition,thatis,doingthesamethingrepeatedly,isessentialforlearningandmasteringnewskills.Ilisthe

pathwaytosuccessinanyfield.Examplesfromtheworldofsportsandmusicillustratethisprincipe.Evenolder

adultscanbeneHlfromtaskrepetitiontoimprove（heirworkingmemoryperformance.

Repetitionbuildshabits.Asyourepeatsomethingoverandoveragain,itbecomesrootedinyoursubconscious,

allowingyoutoactonitwithoutconsciouseffort.Whetheryou'relearningtoplayaninstrument,speakanew

language,orexcelatasport,repetitioniskeyforbuildingmusclememoryandimprovingyourperformance.

Familiarityis（hebasicsourceofpsychologicalandsocialstability.Themereexposureeffectsuggests（hat

fairiliarityleadstoliking.Manysensoryexperiences（e.g.coffeeormusic）,withrepeatedexposure,canbecome

increasinglypleasant.

Repetitionisakeyelementinmusic.Inlisteningtomusic,theexpectationisthatwcwillencounterrepetition

andthatitwillbeasourceofpleasure.Repetitioninmusiccanbeamotif（主旋律）repeatedthroughoutacomposition

orafavoritesongplayedagainandagain.Arepeatedmusicalmotifcanbuildpleasurableexpectationsinthelistener.

Infact,ifcvciyincasuicufamcludy（旋律）iscumplctclydiffciciKfiumallthepicviuusmcasuics,（hemelodywill

bedifficulttoremember.

Insum,repetitioniswhatwetellourselvesgrowingup:Nomatterwhatyoudo,justkeeppracticing.Byadopting

repetitionasanessentialpartofyourpersonalgrowthjourney,youcanmakeconsistentprogresstowardyourgoals

andachievethesuccessyoudesire.

40.Whatcantaskrepetitionhelpolderadultsdo?

41.Whatdoesthemereexposureeffectshow?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

AInlisteningtomusicyourpleasurableexpectationscomefromdifferentmeasuresofamelody.

43.Howdoesrepetitionhelpyouinyourdailylife?(Inabout40words)

第二节(20分)

44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim所在学校止在开展以“47ConnectstheWorld^为

主题的艺术作品征集活动。他打算参加，为此发来邮件，就作品形式及内容询问你