《汽车专业英语》-Task3教学课件

Task3

OverviewofNewEnergy

Vehicles新能源汽车概述学习目标：1．了解新能源汽车的定义及分类；2．了解混合动力电动汽车、纯电动汽车、燃料电池电动汽车、天然气汽车、其他新能源汽车的概念及特点。CoreVocabulary核心词汇Newenergyvehicle（NEV）新能源汽车Hybridelectricvehicles(HEV)混合电动汽车Batteryelectricvehicle(BEV)纯电动汽车Fuelcellelectricvehicle(FCEV)燃料电池电动汽车CoreVocabulary核心词汇Module[计]模块；组件Pollution污染；污染物CoreVocabulary核心词汇Controller控制器Alcohol酒精，乙醇CoreVocabulary核心词汇NewWords生词1.Conventional[kənˈvenʃənl]adj.传统的；常见的2.Shortage[ˈʃɔːrtɪdʒ]n.缺乏；不足3.Integrate[ˈɪntɪɡreɪt]adj.整合的；集成体4.Environment[ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt]n.环境，外界5.Emission[ɪˈmɪʃn]n.（光、热等的）发射，散发；排放6.Industry[ˈɪndəstri]n.产业；工业7.Hybrid[ˈhaɪbrɪd]n.混合物adj.混合的8.Module[ˈmɑːdʒuːl]n.[计]模块；组件9.Cell[sel]n.细胞；电池；10.Coolant[ˈkuːlənt]n.冷却剂11.Pollution[pəˈluːʃn]n.污染；污染物12.Controller[kənˈtroʊlər]n.控制器；13.Alcohol[ˈælkəhɔːl]n.酒精，乙醇14.Hydrogen[ˈhaɪdrədʒən]n.[化学]氢PhrasesandExpressions短语与表达1.Newenergyvehicle(NEV)新能源汽车2.Non-conventional非常规3.Hybridelectricvehicles(HEV)混合电动汽车4.Wiringharness线束5.Atthesametime同时6.Batteryelectricvehicle(BEV)纯电动汽车7.Fuelcellelectricvehicle(FCEV)燃料电池电动汽车8.Naturalgasvehicle天然气汽车9.Keytechnology关键工艺10.Keytechniques核心技术Newenergyvehiclesrefertovehiclesthatadoptunconventionalvehiclefuelaspowersource(oruseconventionalvehiclefuelandadoptnewvehiclepowerdevice),integrateadvancedtechnologiesinvehiclepowercontrolanddrive,andformadvancedtechnicalprinciples,newtechnologiesandnewstructures.SeeFigure3-1.新能源汽车是指采用非常规的车用燃料作为动力来源（或使用常规的车用燃料、采用新型车载动力装置），综合车辆的动力控制和驱动方面的先进技术，形成的技术原理先进、具有新技术、新结构的汽车。如图3-1所示。Text课文Newenergyvehiclesareanimportantwaytosolvetheproblemofenergyshortageandenvironmentalpollution,andithasbecomethedevelopmentofautomobileindustryinthe21stcentury.Newenergyvehiclesmainlyincludehybridelectricvehicle(HEV),batteryelectricvehicle(BEV),fuelcellelectricvehicle(FCEV),naturalgasvehicleandothernewenergyvehicles.新能源汽车是当今解决能源短缺及环境污染问题的重要途径，它已成为21世纪汽车工业的发展热点。新能源汽车主要包括混合动力电动汽车（HEV）、纯电动汽车（BEV）、燃料电池电动汽车（FCEV）、天然气汽车和其他新能源汽车等。Text课文Text课文Text课文1.HybridElectricVehicle(HEV)Ahybridelectricvehicleisahybrid-typeelectricvehiclepoweredbymorethanoneenergyconverter,thatis,anelectricvehiclebyusingabatteryandasecondaryenergyunit.SeeFigure3-2.Atpresent,hybridelectricvehiclesmostlyapplythemixedmodeofthetraditionalfuelengineandelectricpower.Itskeytechnologyishybridpowersystem,thekeytechniquesishybridpowersystem,whichdirectlyaffectstheperformanceofthewholevehicle.混合动力电动汽车是由多于一种的能量转换器提供驱动力的混合型电动汽车，即使用蓄电池和副能量单元的电动汽车。如图3-2所示。目前混合动力电动汽车多采用传统燃料的燃油发动机与电力的混合方式，其关键技术为混合动力系统，它直接影响到整车的性能。Text课文Text课文Theadvantageofhybridelectricvehicleisthatthemaximumpowerofinternalcombustionenginecanbedeterminedbytheaveragerequiredpower,sothattheinternalcombustionenginecanworkundertheoptimalworkingconditionoflowfuelconsumptionandlittlepollution,whichcanusuallyreduceemissions.混合动力电动汽车的优势在于可通过平均需用功率确定内燃机的最大功率，使内燃机处于油耗低、污染小的最优工况下工作，通常可以降低排放。Text课文Thebatteriesusedinthehybridelectricvehiclescanrecoverenergyfrombrakingandotherconditions.Atthesametime,thehybridelectricvehiclesalsohavetheproblemssuchasthehighprice,smalldrivingrangeandrelativelyinsufficientpower.混合动力电动汽车所使用的电池可回收制动等工况下的能量。同时，混合动力电动汽车也存在价格高、续驶里程小、动力相对不足等问题。2.BatteryElectricVehicle(BEV)Abatteryelectricvehicleisavehiclewhichispoweredbytheon-boardpower,andthewheeltravelsisdrivenbymotor,andwhichmeetstherequirementsoftheroadtrafficandsafetyregulations.SeeFigure3-3.2.纯电动汽车（BEV）纯电动汽车是以车载电源为动力，用电机驱动车轮行驶，符合道路交通、安全法规各项要求的车辆。如图2-3所示。Text课文Text课文Batteryelectricvehiclesarecompletelydrivenbytherechargeablebatteries,andthekeycomponentsarethemotorsandbatteries,whilethedifficultylimitedfortheapplicationofbatteryelectricvehiclesliesinthepowerstoragetechnology.纯电动汽车完全采用可充电式电池驱动，关键部件在于电动机电机和蓄电池，而纯电动汽车的应用受限的难点在于电力储存技术。Text课文Thebatteryelectricvehiclehasawideapplicationprospect,andhastheadvantageswithnopollution,lownoiseandhighenergyefficiency.However,theenergystoredbythebatteryperunitweightistoosmall,andthedrivingrangeafterchargingisnotideal.纯电动汽车应用前景广泛，具有无污染、低噪声、高能效等优点。但蓄电池单位重量储存的能量太小，充电后持续行驶里程不理想。Text课文Atpresent,thedevelopmentofelectricvehicleindustrymustreconstructthesupportinginfrastructurenetwork(thechargingstations),whichrequiresalargeamountofinvestment.目前电动汽车产业发展，必须重新构建配套基础设施网络（充电站），需要大量的投入。Text课文3.FuelCellElectricVehicle(FCEV)Afuelcellelectricvehicleisanewtypeofvehiclethatuseshydrogenandmethanolasfueltogenerateanelectriccurrentthroughthechemicalreactions,andispoweredbyanelectricmotor.Comparedwithinternalcombustionengines,thefuelcellelectricvehiclesconvertthechemicalenergydirectlyintotheelectricityenergythroughthebattery,andwhichusetheelectricmotorstodrive,andbutusethecombustionprocessofthefuel.Itsenergyconversionefficiencyis2-3timeshigherthanthatoftheinternalcombustionengines.3.燃料电池电动汽车（FCEV）燃料电池电动汽车是指以氢气、甲醇等为燃料，通过化学反应产生电流，依靠电机驱动的新型汽车。与内燃机汽车相比，燃料电池电动汽车是通过电池直接将化学能转化为电能，利用电机驱动，而不是利用燃料的燃烧过程。其能量转换效率较内燃机要高2-3倍。Text课文Fuelcellchemicalreactionprocessdoesnotproducepollutants,andhaslownoise.However,theproduction,integrationandindustrializationoffuelcellsstackarestilltobedeveloped.燃料电池化学反应过程不会产生污染物，噪声低。但燃料电池组的生产、集成及产业化仍待发展。Text课文Text课文4.NaturalgasvehicleNaturalgasvehiclesarethevehiclesthatusenaturalgasasfuel,alsoknownas"bluepower"vehicles.Accordingtothechemicalcompositionandformofnaturalgas,itcanbedividedintothecompressednaturalgas(CNG),liquefiedNaturalGas(LNG)andLiquefiedpetroleumgas(LPG).天然气汽车是以天然气作为燃料的汽车，又称为“蓝色动力”汽车。按天然气的化学成分和形态，可以分为压缩天然气汽车（CNG）、液化天然气汽车（LNG）和液化石油气汽车（LPG）。Text课文Naturalgasfuelhastheadvantageswithlowpollution,lowcost,highsafetyperformance,butwithlowpowerperformance,inconvenientstorageandtransportation.Byconsideringthelarge-scaleapplication,itisnecessarytobuildthecorrespondinggasfillingstationandthetransportationpipelineofnaturegasforthegasfillingstation,andithasgreatercost.Atpresent,thenaturalgasvehiclesinChinaaremostlyusedinthepublictransportationfield.天然气燃料具有低污染、低成本、安全性能高等优点，但动力性能较低，不便储运。由于考虑到大规模应用，须建立相应的加气站及为加气站输送天然气的管道，投入较大。目前国内在天然气汽车多应用于公共交通领域。Text课文Text课文5.OthernewenergyvehiclesInadditiontotheabovenewenergyvehiclesandalcoholandetherfuelarealsousedinthenewenergyvehicles.Forexample,thefuelusedinethanolcarsisethanolgasoline,andthevehiclesarerelativelymatureatpresent.Dimethyletherautomobilesapplydimethyletherasthefuelofcompressioncombustionengine,whichhasappliedsuc