新闻传播学专业英语 课件 05 Textual Structure

05

Textual

Structure英语新闻的文体特征区别于日常对话、文学作品、学术文章、法律文书、广告文案等其他文体的特征不存在绝对统一的新闻英语语体，有稳固性、排斥性，也有变动性、渗透性新闻文体内部多样性：消息、特写、评论、小品、广告、天气预报新闻文体受其他文体影响：学术性、科技性、文学性、公文性style新闻的种类按传播手段分按新闻体裁分报纸新闻杂志新闻图片新闻广播新闻电视新闻有线电视新闻通讯社新闻网络新闻消息报道特写文章新闻评论新闻消息的结构InvertedPyramidPyramidHourglassStorytelling倒金字塔体InvertedpyramidTheLeadThemostessentialinformation,suchasWho?What?Where?When?Why？How?Theleadusuallyincludesa“hook"oraprovocativequestionorquote,takesaround30words,or1-2thinparagraphs.TheBodyThenextmostimportantdetails,suchascontroversiesorissues，background,evidence,quotes,images,video,oraudiothathelpexpandthetopic.TheTailExtrainformationsuchasrelateditems,extracontext，aneditorialorthejournalist'sownopinion.Thiseveningatabout9:30p.m.atFord’sTheatre,thePresident,whilesittinginhisprivateboxwithMrs.Lincoln,Mrs.HarrisandMajorRathburn,wasshotbyanassassin,whosuddenlyenteredtheboxandapproachedbehindthePresident.Theassassinthenleapeduponthestage,brandishingalargedaggerorknife,andmadehisescapeintherearofthetheatre.ThepistolballenteredthebackofthePresident’sheadandpenetratednearlythroughthehead.Thewoundismortal.ThePresidenthasbeeninsensibleeversinceitwasinflicted,andisnowdying.Aboutthesamehouranassassin,whetherthesameornot,enteredMr.Seward’sapartmentandunderpretenseofhavingaprescriptionwasshowntotheSecretary’ssickchamber.Theassassinimmediatelyrushedtothebedandinflictedtwoorthreestabsonthechestandtwoontheface.Itishopedthewoundsmaynotbemortal.Myapprehensionisthattheywillprovefatal.ThenursealarmedMr.FrederickSeward,whowasinanadjoiningrentedroom,andhehastenedtothedoorofhisfather’sroom,whenhemettheassassin,whoinflicteduponhimoneormoredangerouswounds.TherecoveryofFrederickSewardisdoubtful.ItisnotprobablethatthePresidentwilllivethroughthenight.PresidentLincolnShotbyanAssassin

NewYorkTimes,1865PrimeMinisterTheresaMayhascalledoffTuesday’scrucialvoteonherBrexitdealsoshecangobacktoBrusselsandaskforchangestoit.Asitstandsthedeal“wouldberejectedbyasignificantmargin”ifMPsvotedonit,sheadmitted.Butshesaidshewasconfidentofgetting“reassurances”fromtheEUontheNorthernIrelandborderplan.ButEuropeanCouncilPresidentDonaldTusksaidtheremaining27EUcountrieswouldnot“renegotiate”thedeal.WhileEUleaderswouldbewillingto“discusshowtofacilitateUKratification”ofthewithdrawalagreementatThursday’ssummitinBrussels,hesuggestedthecontroversialNorthernIrishbackstop,whichtheDUPandmanyTorieswantremoved,wouldremaininplace.Theprimeminister’sU-turncameaftersheandseniorministershadspentdaysinsistingthevotewouldgoahead,despitethescaleofoppositionfromMPsbeingobvious.TheresaMaycallsoffMP’svoteonherBrexitdeal

BBC.com,2018金字塔体pyramidTheBeginningTheBodyEventsintimesequenceTheEndingAmonkeyisbeingcreditedwithakeyroleinthecaptureofthreemurderersinXishuangbannaDaiAutonomousPrefectureinYunnanProvince.OnaJuneday,aPLApoliticalinstructor,identifiedasZhang,andasoldier,identifiedasLiu,weredrivingthroughthemountainsinXishuangbannawhenamonkeyjumpedontothehighwayinfrontoftheirjeepandbegantopointtothesouth,allthewhiletuggingattheirarms.Thetwomengotoutofthejeepandfollowedthemonkeytoapit,whereitstartedtodigattheearthsohardthatitspawsbegantobleed.ZhangandLiuwereconfusedandtookthemonkeytothelocalPublicSecurityBureau.Twobodiesweredugoutofthepitafterthemonkeyledpolicementoit.Themonkeypointedtoanearbyvillagewhenthepolicemen"asked"itwhothemurdererswere.Thatevening,anassemblywascalledinthevillage.Themomentthemonkeywasbroughtin,itthrewitselfonayoungman,whotriedtorunaway,asdidtwoothers,buttheywerecaught.Thethreemenlaterconfessedtomurderingthemonkey'sowners—twotravelingshowpeoplefrominland.Theyhadpresentedashowinthevillage.Thenthethreegotthemdrunk,stabbedthemtodeathandtookalltheirmoney.Theytriedtokillthemonkeytoo,butitescaped.Theysaidithadbeencryingloudlyasthemurderoccurred.MurderersCaught-ThankstoaMonkey沙漏体HourglassTheLeadTheTurnTheNarrativeAtransitionfromdiscussingwhathashappenedtohowithappenedDetailstothecomplexitiesofthestoryandgreatercontexttowhatledtotheeventstoldinthebeginningTwopolicewereinjuredandtwopatrolcarsdamagedduringstreetviolenceinvolvinghundredsofdrunkenyouthsinStroud,Cloucs,lastnight.TroublestartedwhentwoplainclothesofficersondutyintheVictoriaInnarrestedawomanforspittinginthefaceofoneofthem.Thetwopolicemenwerepeltedwithstones,glassesandbottlesasgangsofyouthsrampagedthroughthetowncenter.Theywerethensetuponbythemobandkickedandpuncheduntilrescuedbyotherofficers.Sixpeople--fourmenandtwowomen--allagedbetween19and27,laterappearedincourtchargedwithassault,destructionandpublicoffences.Theywerereleasedonstringentbailconditions,includingcurfewsandbansonusingpublichousesandclubs.Policehurtinstreetviolence,DailyExpress华尔街日报体Story

telling

formatMCALLEN,

Texas—BorderPatrol

agents

sit

in

emptyparks.

Active-duty

soldiersdrivethroughfieldsalongthebaseofatoweringblackborderwall.Militaryhelicoptersroamtheskies.This

is

the

scene

latelyalongtheU.S.-Mexicoborder,wherePresidentTrumpquickly

declared

a

nationalemergencyupontakingoffice,rushingthousandsofactive-dutysoldiershere.TheyarrivedtojointhousandsofTexasNationalGuardmembersandstatetroopersdeployedunderastatedisasterorder,plusthethousandsofagentspermanentlyworkingforBorderPatrolandotheragencies.Whataretheyalldoing?“Awholelotofnothing,”oneSouthTexasNationalGuardsoldiersaid.……其他文体结构HowMuchCanYouSaveEveryMonthCharginganEVvs.PayingforGas?

比起加油，给电动车充电每月能省多少钱？——对比式报道Theuniversitieswherestudentsstillowe90%ofloanrepayments

全英大学贷款尚欠90%，各校毕业生还款能力现巨大差——并列式报道Who’safraidofthebig,badsabbatical？

谁在害怕这糟糕的带薪长假？——悬念式报道广播的优势与弱点优势迅速及时，时效性强覆盖面广，渗透性强声情并茂，感染力强弱点稍纵即逝，过耳不留顺序收听，选择性差广播新闻的特点更多短小词、短句子、短篇幅2.一般现在时态居多3.主要采用主动语态4.使用情态动词较少哪个是广播导语？ButrosButrosGhali,theUnitedNationssecretarygeneral,yesterdaystronglyrecommendedthedeploymentofthefirstUNpeacekeepingforceonthemainlandofEurope,alargerthanexpectedcontingentof11,500"BlueBerets"topolicethreeSerbenclavesinCroatiaontheadviceofCyrusVance,hisspecialenvoytoYugoslavia,afterheavypressurefromEuropeancountriesfearfulthatthecurrentceasefireinCroatiamightsoonbreakdown.TheUnitedNationshasconsideredsendingalargeUNpeacekeepingforcewithnearly12thousandsoldierstoCroatia.BATheGuardianBBC哪个句子适合广播？Atthehospital,afteranexaminationindicatingthatSenatorSmith'sinjurieswerenotseriousandthathewouldbeingoodshape,hissecretaryannouncedthathewouldcontinuehiscampaigntourtomorrow,addressinginQueenslandintheafternoon.Atthehospital,anexaminationshowedthatSenatorSmith'sinjurieswerenotserious.Hewouldbeingoodshapeafteranight'srest.Hissecretarysaidthatthesenatorwouldgoonwithhiscampaigntourtomorrow.HeisduetospeakinQueenslandintheafternoon.BATheSydneyMorningRadioAustralia哪个是广播新闻？广播新闻常化整为零OPEC'stwoseniormembersSaudiArabiaandIranhavevoicedtheirreservationsaboutthenewagreement'sdailymaximumoutputofnearly23millionbarrels.Thetwocountriesfearedthiswillendangerthelatestefforttopushoilpricestoalittleover200dollarsperbarrel.SaudiArabiaandIran,OPEC'stwoseniormembers,signedtheagreementlateonSaturdaybutexpressedreservationsabouttheoutputceilingof22.98millionbpd,underminingthelatestattempttodriveoilpricesclosertoatargetof$21abarrel.BABBCTheTimes告知电台名称FromBejing,thisisEnglishnewsonChinaRadioInternational.ThisisnewsfromtheEnglishServiceofRadioAustralia.ThisnewscomestoyouintheEnglishserviceofBBC.YouarelisteningtotheEnglishnewsonVOA,theVoiceofAmerica.播送内容提要Atthetopofthenewstoday,

…First，alookatthetopstoriesoftheday.Inthenewsheadlinesofthishour,...Leadingoffthenewstoday,...Let'stakealookaheadinthishour.To