高中英语常用短语

高中英语常用短语在高中英语学习的旅程中，短语的积累与灵活运用，是从“认识单词”到“驾驭语言”的关键一跃。它们如同语言的砖瓦，能够帮助我们更精准、更生动、更地道地表达思想，无论是在阅读理解中快速把握文意，还是在书面写作与口头表达中展现流畅与得体，都扮演着不可或缺的角色。本文将梳理高中阶段英语学习中常见且核心的短语类别及其用法，以期为同学们的英语学习提供切实的帮助。一、动词短语：行动的精准表达动词短语是英语中最具活力的部分之一，由动词与介词、副词或其他词组合而成，往往具有特定的、非字面的含义。1.“get”相关短语*getalong(withsb.):与某人相处；进展。Shegetsalongwellwithherclassmates.Howareyougettingalongwithyournewproject?*getaway:离开；逃脱。Wemanagedtogetawayforafewdays.*getback:回来；取回。Whendidyougetbackfromyourtrip?Ineedtogetmybookbackfromhim.*getdowntosth.:开始认真处理某事。It'stimetogetdowntowork.*getoff:下车（船、飞机等）；动身。Igetoffthebusatthenextstop.We'regettingoffearlytomorrow.*getover:克服（困难）；从（疾病、失望等）中恢复。Hefinallygotoverhisfearofspeaking.Ittookheralongtimetogetovertheillness.*getup:起床；起立。Iusuallygetupatsix.2.“take”相关短语*takeafter:（外貌、性格等）与（父母等）相像。Shetakesafterhermother.*takeapart:拆开，拆卸。Hetooktheradioaparttofixit.*takecareof:照顾，照料；处理。Whowilltakecareofthechildren?I'lltakecareofthatproblem.*takedown:记下；拆除。Pleasetakedownthesenotes.Theyaretakingdowntheoldbuilding.*takein:吸收；理解；欺骗。Theroomtakesinalotofsunlight.Icouldn'ttakeinwhathewassaying.Shewastakeninbyhislies.*takeoff:（飞机）起飞；脱下（衣物等）；突然成功。Theplanetookoffontime.Takeoffyourcoat.Hiscareertookoffafterthatfilm.*takeon:承担；呈现；雇佣。Hetookonextrawork.Thecitytakesonanewlook.They'retakingonnewstaff.*takeup:开始从事（某项活动）；占据（时间、空间）。Hetookuprunninglastyear.Thistabletakesuptoomuchspace.3.其他核心动词短语*lookfor:寻找。I'mlookingformykeys.*lookforwardto(doing)sth.:期待（做）某事。I'mlookingforwardtotheholiday.*lookup:查阅（词典、参考书等）。Lookupthewordinthedictionary.*putaway:把……收起来，放好。Putawayyourtoys.*putoff:推迟，拖延。Weputoffthemeetinguntilnextweek.*puton:穿上，戴上；上演。Putonyourhat.They'reputtingonaplay.*putupwith:忍受，容忍。Ican'tputupwithhisnoise.*giveup:放弃。Nevergiveupyourdreams.*givein:屈服，让步。Hefinallygavein.*breakout:（战争、火灾等）爆发。Afirebrokeoutinthebuilding.*makeup:组成；编造；弥补。Girlsmakeup50%oftheclass.Hemadeupastory.Canyoumakeupthetimeyoulost?*setup:建立，创立；设置。Theysetupanewschool.Setupthecamera,please.二、介词短语：构建句子的逻辑纽带介词短语在句中可作状语、定语、表语等，用以表示时间、地点、方式、原因、对象等多种逻辑关系。1.表示时间*inthemorning/afternoon/evening:在早上/下午/晚上*onMonday/Tuesday.../onJuly1st/onNewYear'sDay:在周一/周二……/在七月一日/在元旦*atsixo'clock/atnoon/atnight/atmidnight:在六点钟/在中午/在夜里/在午夜*inspring/summer/autumn/winter:在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天*in2023:在2023年（此处年份为示例，实际运用中注意避免四位以上数字）*duringtheholiday:在假期期间*foralongtime:很长一段时间*sincelastweek:自从上周以来*untiltomorrow:直到明天2.表示地点与方位*intheroom/inBeijing/inChina:在房间里/在北京/在中国*onthedesk/onthestreet/onthemap:在桌子上/在街上/在地图上*atthestation/atschool/athome:在车站/在学校/在家*underthetable/underthetree:在桌子下/在树下*belowthebridge/belowzero:在桥下/零度以下*besidetheriver/besideme:在河边/在我旁边*nexttotheshop:在商店旁边*infrontofthehouse:在房子前面*behindthedoor:在门后面*betweenthetwobuildings:在两栋楼之间*amongthestudents:在学生们中间3.表示方式、手段与伴随*bybus/bybike/byplane:乘公共汽车/骑自行车/乘飞机*onfoot:步行*withapen/withmyhands:用钢笔/用我的手*inEnglish/inthisway:用英语/用这种方法*throughhardwork:通过努力工作*alongwith:与……一起*togetherwith:和……一起4.表示原因、目的与关于*thanksto:多亏，由于。Thankstoyourhelp,Isucceeded.*forthepurposeof:为了……目的*inorderto(dosth.):为了（做某事）*insteadof:代替，而不是。I'llgoinsteadofyou.*aboutthebook/abouttheproblem:关于这本书/关于这个问题*regardingthematter:关于这件事三、形容词短语：描绘事物的生动色彩形容词短语通常由“形容词+介词”构成，用以更具体地描述人或事物的特征及与其他事物的关系。*beinterestedin:对……感兴趣。Iaminterestedinmusic.*begoodat:擅长……。Sheisgoodatswimming.*befondof:喜欢……。Heisfondofreading.*beproudof:为……感到骄傲。Weareproudofourcountry.*befullof:充满……。Thebottleisfullofwater.*bebusywith:忙于……。Heisbusywithhishomework.*bereadyfor:为……做好准备。Areyoureadyfortheexam?*bedifferentfrom:与……不同。Thisbookisdifferentfromthatone.*besimilarto:与……相似。Herdressissimilartomine.*beresponsiblefor:对……负责。Heisresponsibleforthisproject.*befamousfor:因……而著名。Thiscityisfamousforitsscenery.四、其他重要功能性短语除上述三大类外，还有一些在日常交流和应试中非常实用的固定搭配和功能性短语。1.连接与过渡*firstofall:首先*inaddition/besides:此外，而且*what'smore:而且，更重要的是*however/nevertheless:然而，不过*ontheotherhand:另一方面*asaresult/therefore:结果，因此*inconclusion/finally:最后，总之2.插入语与固定表达*inmyopinion/frommypointofview:在我看来*asfarasIknow:据我所知*totellthetruth:说实话*bytheway:顺便说一下*infact/actually:事实上*ofcourse:当然*forexample/forinstance:例如*suchas:例如，像……这样3.一些常用固定搭配*It'stime(forsb.)todosth.:（某人）该做某事了。It'stimetogo.*It's+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.:（对某人来说）做某事是……的。It'simportanttolearnEnglish.*It's+adj.+that从句:……是……的。It'sclearthatheisright.*Therebe...:存在有……。Thereisabookonthedesk.*hadbetter(dosth.):最好（做某事）。Youhadbettergonow.*wouldli