福建中医药大学《国际经济学》2025-2026学年期末试卷

福建中医药大学《国际经济学》2025-2026学年期末试卷一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

1.根据比较优势理论，一个国家应该specializesinproducinggoodsforwhichithasaloweropportunitycostrelativetoothercountries,therebyenhancingglobaleconomicefficiency.Theprimaryreasonforthisrecommendationisthatitallowscountriestoallocatetheirlimitedresourcesmoreeffectively,leadingtoincreasedproductionandconsumptionpossibilities.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheunderlyingeconomicprinciple?

A.AbsoluteadvantageB.ComparativeadvantageC.FactorendowmentsD.Economiesofscale

2.Ininternationaltrade,theconceptof"termsoftrade"referstotheratioofacountry'sexportpricestoitsimportprices.Animprovementinacountry'stermsoftrademeansthatitcanpurchasemoreimportsforagivenamountofexports.Whichscenariowouldlikelyleadtoanimprovementinacountry'stermsoftrade?

A.Asignificantincreaseintheglobaldemandforthecountry'sexportsB.Asubstantialdecreaseintheglobalsupplyofthecountry'simportsC.Asharpdepreciationofthecountry'scurrencyD.Asignificantincreaseintheglobalinflationrate

3.TheBalanceofPayments(BoP)isasystematicrecordofalleconomictransactionsbetweenacountryandtherestoftheworldoveraspecificperiod.WhichofthefollowingcomponentsisNOTtypicallyincludedintheBoP?

A.CurrentaccountB.CapitalaccountC.FinancialaccountD.Nationalincomeaccount

4.Exchangerateregimesrefertothepoliciesandrulesthatgovernmentsusetomanagetheircurrencies'valuerelativetoothercurrencies.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofafixedexchangerateregime?

A.Acountrymaintainsitscurrency'svalueatafixedratetotheU.S.dollarB.Acountryallowsitscurrency'svaluetobedeterminedbymarketforcesC.AcountrypegsitscurrencytoabasketofcurrenciesD.Acountry实行samanagedfloatsystem

5.Thetheoryofinternationaltradeknownas"Heckscher-Ohlin"suggeststhatcountriestendtoexportgoodsthatintensivelyusetheirrelativelyabundantfactorsofproduction.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimplicationofthistheory?

A.Countrieswithabundantlaborwillexportlabor-intensivegoodsB.Countrieswithabundantcapitalwillexportcapital-intensivegoodsC.CountrieswillalwaysexportgoodsinwhichtheyhaveacomparativeadvantageD.Tradepatternsareprimarilydeterminedbytechnologicaldifferences

6.Theconceptof"absoluteadvantage"referstotheabilityofacountrytoproduceagoodusingfewerresourcesthananothercountry.Whichofthefollowingscenariosillustratestheprincipleofabsoluteadvantage?

A.CountryAcanproduce100unitsofgoodXwith10hoursoflabor,whileCountryBcanproduce80unitsofgoodXwith10hoursoflaborB.CountryAcanproduce100unitsofgoodXwith10hoursoflabor,whileCountryBcanproduce120unitsofgoodXwith10hoursoflaborC.CountryAandCountryBhavethesameproductionefficiencyforgoodXD.CountryAandCountryBcannotproducegoodXduetolackofresources

7.The"LeontiefParadox"referstotheempiricalfindingthat,contrarytothepredictionsoftheHeckscher-Ohlintheory,theUnitedStates,acapital-abundantcountry,exportslabor-intensivegoodsandimportscapital-intensivegoods.WhichofthefollowingfactorsisconsideredtoexplaintheLeontiefParadox?

A.ThepresenceoftechnologicaldifferencesbetweencountriesB.TheimpactoftransportationcostsontradepatternsC.TheroleoffactorintensityreversalsD.Theinfluenceofgovernmenttradepolicies

8.Inthecontextofinternationalfinance,"exchangeratevolatility"referstothedegreeoffluctuationinacurrency'svalueovertime.Whichofthefollowingconsequencesisassociatedwithhighexchangeratevolatility?

A.IncreaseduncertaintyforinternationalbusinessesB.ReducedincentivesforinternationaltradeC.ImprovedpricestabilityfordomesticconsumersD.Enhancedcompetitivenessofexports

9.The"MonetaryApproachtotheBalanceofPayments"suggeststhatacountry'sbalanceofpaymentsisdeterminedbythedifferencesbetweenitsmoneysupplyandmoneydemand.Whichofthefollowingisakeyassumptionofthisapproach?

A.TheexchangerateisdeterminedbymarketforcesB.ThepricelevelisconstantintheshortrunC.InternationalcapitalflowsareprimarilydrivenbyinterestratedifferentialsD.Thebalanceofpaymentsisalwaysinequilibrium

10.Theconceptof"optimalcurrencyarea"referstoagroupofcountriesthatwouldbenefitfromusingasinglecurrency.Whichofthefollowingcriteriaisconsideredessentialforforminganoptimalcurrencyarea?

A.SimilarityineconomicstructuresB.HighdegreeofcapitalmobilityC.FiscalintegrationamongmembercountriesD.Alloftheabove

二、多项选择题（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）

1.Whichofthefollowingarefactorsthatcaninfluenceacountry'scomparativeadvantageininternationaltrade?

A.NaturalresourceendowmentsB.TechnologicaladvancementsC.LaborproductivityD.GovernmenttradepoliciesE.Transportandcommunicationinfrastructure

2.TheBalanceofPayments(BoP)canbedividedintoseveralaccounts.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofthecurrentaccount?

A.TradeingoodsB.TradeinservicesC.PrimaryincomeD.SecondaryincomeE.Capitaltransfers

3.Whichofthefollowingarepotentialbenefitsofinternationaltradeforacountry?

A.IncreasedefficiencythroughspecializationB.GreatervarietyofgoodsandservicesforconsumersC.LowerpricesduetoincreasedcompetitionD.EconomicgrowththroughtechnologytransferE.Reducedunemploymentduetoincreasedproduction

4.Exchangerateregimescanbecategorizedindifferentways.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesoffloatingexchangerateregimes?

A.FixedexchangerateB.PeggedexchangerateC.ManagedfloatD.CurrencyboardE.Freelyfloating

5.TheHeckscher-OhlintheoryandtheLeontiefParadoxaretwoimportanttheoriesininternationaltrade.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaccuratelydescribethesetheories?

A.TheHeckscher-OhlintheorysuggeststhatcountriesexportgoodsthatintensivelyusetheirabundantfactorsofproductionB.TheLeontiefParadoxchallengesthepredictionsoftheHeckscher-OhlintheorybyfindingthattheUnitedStates,acapital-abundantcountry,exportslabor-intensivegoodsC.TheHeckscher-OhlintheoryisbasedontheassumptionthatcountrieshaveidenticaltechnologyD.TheLeontiefParadoxisprimarilyexplainedbythepresenceoftechnologicaldifferencesbetweencountriesE.Boththeorieshavebeenwidelyacceptedandareusedtopredicttradepatterns

三、判断题（本大题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分）

1.Thetheoryofabsoluteadvantage,proposedbyAdamSmith,suggeststhatcountriesshouldengageininternationaltradeiftheycanproducesomegoodsmoreefficientlythanothercountries.(判断题)

2.TheBalanceofPayments(BoP)recordsalleconomictransactionsbetweenacountryandtherestoftheworld,includingbothtradeandnon-tradetransactions.(判断题)

3.Afixedexchangerateregimemeansthatacountry'scurrencyispeggedtoanothermajorcurrency,suchastheU.S.dollar,andthecentralbankintervenesintheforeignexchangemarkettomaintainthispeg.(判断题)

4.TheHeckscher-Ohlintheorysuggeststhatcountrieswithabundantcapitalwillexportcapital-intensivegoods,whilecountrieswithabundantlaborwillexportlabor-intensivegoods.(判断题)

5.Ex