黄金卷03 备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（全国卷）（解析版）

【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（全国卷）黄金卷03（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．（2024·吉林·统考一模）Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Howtotreatothers. B．Howtosupportafamily. C．Howtofindagreatjob.【答案】A【原文】W:Tim,neverconsideranyoneasanenemy.Whetherthey’reyourfriends,familyorevenstrangers,forgivingothersisalwaysbetter.M:That’sagreatlesson.Ifirstlearnedthisatmyjob.Ilearnednevertoholdthingsagainstco-workers.W:Exactly!2．（2023·河北石家庄·高三联考期中）Howmanygallonsofgasareputintothecar?A．15. B．45. C．50.【答案】A【原文】M:Welcomemadam.W:Canyoufillthecarupforme,please?M:Yes.Er...3dollarspergallon.Yourtotalis45dollars.W:Hereis50dollars,andkeepthechange.3．（2024·吉林·统考一模）Whydoesthewomanapologizetotheman?A．Shelosthisbags. B．Sheranintohim. C．Sheforgothisname.【答案】B【原文】W:Oh,my.Ialmostmadeyoudropyourbags!Ididn’tseeyouturningthecorner—I’msosorryforcrashingintoyou!M:That’sallright,Miss.Accidentshappen.Atleastnooneishurt!4．（2023·河北沧州·高三校联考期中）Howdoesthemanusuallygotowork?A．Bycar. B．Bybike. C．Bytaxi.【答案】B【原文】W:Harry,whereareyouworking?Inasteelfactory?M:No,Iserveasasecretaryinabigcompany.W:Howdoyougotowork?Bycarorbybus?M:Usuallybybike,butItakeataxiwhentheweatherisbad.5．（2023上·河北沧州·高三校联考期中）Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inarestaurant. B．Inaclass. C．Inafamily.【答案】A【原文】M:I’mafraidyou’vemadeamistake.Ihaven’torderedthiscourse.W:Sosorry,Imusthaveconfusedtheorders.I’llbringyouahotonerightawayandthiscourseisforyouwithoutextramoney.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答6~7小题。6．WhereisthePinkFlamingo?A．OnPineStreet. B．On2ndStreet. C．On3rdStreet.7．WhendoestherestaurantcloseonMonday?A．At10:30p.m. B．At11:30p.m. C．At12:00p.m.【答案】6．C7．B【原文】M:Jane,canyourecommendanynicerestaurants?W:ThePinkFlamingo.ItservesniceSpanishfood.M:Well.Where’sthat?W:Startingfromourcompany,gosouthonPineStreet,cross2ndStreet,anddriveto3rdStreet.You’llseeaparkinglotontheleftsideofthestreet.M:Aparkinglotontheleft.Okay.Thenwhat?W:Thenturnlefton3rdStreetanddriveeast.ThePinkFlamingoisthebuildingjustbeforetheriverontheleftside.Ithinkit’sopenweekdaysfrom10:30inthemorningto11:30atnight,butitstaysopenuntilmidnightonweekends.M:Great.Thanksalot.听下面一段较长对话，回答8~9小题。（2024·海南·校联考一模）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．WhatdoesJenniferinvitethemantodo?A．Havedinner. B．Gotoaparty. C．Seeheroff.9．WhenwillthemanpickupJenniferprobably?A．At5:00p.m. B．At6:30p.m. C．At7:00p.m.【答案】8．A9．B【原文】W:Hello,thisisJennifercalling.M:Hello,Jennifer.W:Iwonderifyouhavetimetohavedinnerwithmethisevening.M:Whattime?W:It’suptoyou.Iamfreeallnight.M:Ihavetogotoapartythisafternoon,andIdon’tthinkIwillbebackuntil5o’clock.Sohowabout7o’clock?W:OK.Canyoucomeandpickmeuphalfanhourearly?M:That’sOK.W:Ifyoucomebackearly,pleasecallme.Wecanseeamoviefirst.M:Soundswonderful.Iwouldreallyliketoseeamoviewithyou,butIdon’tthinkthereisenoughtime.W:Allright.Wecanseeamovienexttime.听下面一段较长对话，回答10~12小题。（2024·海南·校联考一模）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10．Wherearethespeakers?A．Athome. B．Inasupermarket. C．Inarestaurant.11．WhenwasDaisyborn?A．Fouryearsago. B．Threeyearsago. C．Oneyearago12．Whatwillthemanprobablyhave?A．Somecookies. B．Achocolatecake. C．Astrawberryicecream.【答案】10．C11．A12．C【原文】W:Idon’tknowifIhaveroomforanymorefood.M:Ihadalookatthedessertmenu.There’sachocolatecake.W:Youknowthat’smyfavorite.RememberwehadoneinthathotelinAfricathreeyearsago?M:Yeah,thatwasagreatholiday.ItwasoneyearafterDaisywasborn.W:Soitwas.Ifeelguiltyleavingthetwokidsathometonight.M:Don’tworrytoomuch.They’llbefine.Wecangetthemsomecookieswhenweleave.W:OK.ButIcan’tdecideifIwantthecakeorjustanicecream.M:Whynotboth?Wedon’tgetoutoften.Comeon.W:Willyouhaveadessert?M:Yeah,I’mgoingforastrawberryicecream.W:I’venevertriedthatbefore.Imightgetabitofyoursthen.听下面一段较长对话，回答13~16小题。（2023上·福建三明·高三校联考期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13．Whendoesthemanneedtohandinhisapplication?A．Assoonasthetermstarts.B．Intwomonthsafterthetermstarts.C．Intwomonthsbeforethetermstarts.14．WhatcanstudentsuseI-20toapplyfor?A．Ascholarship. B．Avisa. C．Abankloan.15．Howcanthemanapplyfortheprogram?A．Byfillingintheapplicationonline.B．Bygoingtothecenter.C．Bycallingthecenter.16．Whatshouldthemansendtothecenter?A．Hisgrades.B．Asponsorshipform.C．Informationabouthisbackground.【答案】13．C14．B15．A16．B【原文】W:EnglishLanguageCenter.HowcanIhelpyou?M:I’mcallingtofindoutmoreinformationaboutyourprogram.Whatisyourapplicationdeadlineforthenextsemester?W:Well,weaskapplicantstoapplynolaterthantwomonthsbeforethesemesterbegins.Thisgivesusenoughtimetoprocesstheapplicationsandissuethestudents’I-20.M:I-20?W:Itisaformthatindicatesthatwearegivingpermissionforthestudentstostudyinourprogram.ThenthestudentstakethisformtotheUSEmbassytoapplyfortheF-1studentvisa.M:HowshouldIapply?W:Youcanfillinourapplicationonourwebsite.M:ArethereanyothermaterialsIneedtoprepare?W:Yes.Youneedtosendina$30non-refundableapplicationfee,asponsorshipformindicatingwhowillbefinanciallyresponsibleforthestudentwhilestudyinginourprogram,andabankstatementshowingthatyouoryoursponsorhasenoughfundstocoverschoolfeesandlivingcostsfortheentireyearofstudy.听下面一段独白，回答17~20小题。17．Whatdobeesdowhentheyneedtorelax?A．Flyallday. B．Makehoney. C．Playwithballs.18．Howmanychoicesdidthebeeshaveintheexperiment?A．One. B．Two. C．Three.19．Whatkindoftreatcouldthebeesget?A．Asugarytreat. B．Aspecialtreat. C．Aflowerytreat.20．Whatcanweinferfromwhattheresearchersaid?A．Beesaremorethoughtful.B．Beesaremorehardworking.C．Beesarehardtogetalongwith.【答案】17．C18．B19．A20．A【原文】Everyoneknowsthatbeesarebusy.ThereisevenasayinginEnglishthatonecanbe“asbusyasabee”.However,littleisknownabouthowbeesplay.Scientistshavediscoveredonewaythatbeescouldrelaxafterabusydaymakinghoney—theyplaywithballs.ThescientistsarefromQueenMaryUniversityofLondon.Theydiddifferenttestsonbees“playing”withdifferentthings.Theinsectsparticularlylikedplayingwithsmall,woodenballs.Theresearcherssaidthewaybeesplayedwasalittlelikehowhumansplay.Youngerbeesrolledmoreballsthanolderbees,whileadultmalesspentlongerplayingwithballsthanadultfemales.Theball-rollingbeesarethefirstknowninsectsto“play”.Theresearchersexperimentedon45beesinaspeciallydesignedtestarea.Thebeesweregiventwooptions.Thefirstchoicewastoflyorwalkdirectlytogetasugarytreat.Thesecondchoicewastogettothetreatbygoingarounddifferentcolouredwoodenballs.Mostofthebeesdecidedtoplaywiththeballsandthengettheirtreat.Aresearchersaidtheexperimentsshowedthatbeesaremorethoughtfulthanpeoplebelieved.Shesaid:“Beesareamillionmilesfromthemindless,unfeelingcreaturestheyaretraditionallybelievedtobe.”Sheaddedthat:“Thisresearchprovidesastrongindicationthatinsectmindsarefarmorecomplexthanwemightimagine.”第二部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2023·山东德州·高三统考期中）Hollywood’scharmandcelebritieshavealwaysheldafascinationfortravelers.HerearesomebestselectedHollywoodtoursbasedonexperts’recommendationsandtravelers’opinions.TMZCelebrityTourPrice:$59foradults.from$49withkids(childrenyoungerthan2arenotpermitted).Duration:2hours,multipletimesdaily.TMZ,knownforitscelebritynews-fueledtelevisionshowandwebsite,operatesthistourthattakestravelersthroughHollywoodinthehopesofseeingtheirfavoritecelebrities.Theguidesevenbringvideocamerasincaseapassingcelebrityiswillingtogiveaninterview.TheRealHollywoodTourPrice:From$40foradults,children12andyoungerforfree.Duration:2hours,dailyat10a.m.Duringthishistoricwalkingtour,travelerswilllearnwhyHollywood—onceafarmingtown—wasselectedbymovieindustrypioneersintheearly20thcentury.Thetouralsostopsatuniquesights,butmajorattractionsaren’tforgotteneither.HollywoodSignHikePrice:$34foradults.Duration:2.5hours.Theexactmeetingtimesvary,dependingonthetimeoftheyear.Forauniqueandsunshine-filledHollywoodtour,optforthishiketotheHollywoodsign.Highlightsincludeabird’s-eyeviewfromMountHollywood.Alongthe4-mileround-triphike,youmightevenseelocalcelebritieswalkingtheirdogs.TheOriginalHollywoodTourPrice:$45foradults,from$35forkids11andyounger.Duration:2hours,dailyfrom9a.m.to6p.m.Accordingtotravelers.thistourisworthwhileifyou’reonlyinLosAngelesforashortamountoftime.asyoucoveralotofgroundinjusttwohours.You’llcruisealongRodeoDriveandtheSunsetStripinanopen-topbusasyourdriversharesinterestinginformation.21．WhatisspecialforatouristtoTMZCelebrityTour?A．Beinginvitedtoatelevisionshow.B．BroadcastingnewsaboutHollywood.C．Beinglikelytointerviewamoviestar.D．Takingtheirkidsalongwiththemselves.22．WhichtourtargetsatthehistoryofHollywood?A．TMZCelebrityTour. B．TheRealHollywoodTour.C．HollywoodSignHike. D．TheOriginalHollywoodTour.23．Howmuchwillacouplewitha10-year-oldsonpaytoTheOriginalHollywoodTour?A．$80. B．$90. C．$115. D．$125.【答案】21．C22．B23．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些根据专家推荐和游客意见精心挑选的好莱坞之旅。细节理解题。TMZCelebrityTour部分提到“Theguidesevenbringvideocamerasincaseapassingcelebrityiswillingtogiveaninterview.”（导游们甚至会带上摄像机，以防路过的名人愿意接受采访。）由此判断，如果参加名人之旅的话就有可能采访到路过的名人。故选C。细节理解题。TheRealHollywoodTour部分提到“Duringthishistoricwalkingtour,travelerswilllearnwhyHollywood—onceafarmingtown—wasselectedbymovieindustrypioneersintheearly20thcentury.”（在这次具有历史意义的徒步旅行中，游客将了解为什么好莱坞——曾经是一个农业小镇——在20世纪初被电影业的先驱们选中。）由此判断，如果想要了解好莱坞历史的话就要参加真实好莱坞之旅。故选B。23．细节理解题。TheOriginalHollywoodTour部分提到“Price:$45foradults,from$35forkids11andyounger.”（价格:成人45美元，11岁及以下儿童35美元。）一对夫妇加一个十岁的男孩参加原始好莱坞之旅需要花费45*2+35=125美元。故选D。B（2023·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考阶段练习）Asachild,LiuWenwendidn’tlikethesuona,a“loud”traditionalChinesemusicalinstrument,alsoanancestraltreasureofherfamilythatwastobecomehercareer.Liusaysshefeltashamed.Inthe1990s,peopleadmiredthingsthatweremodernandinternational.Thesuonawasconsideredoutofdate.Herfather’sfamilyhasperformedwiththesuonaforsevengenerations,whilethetraditiononhermother’ssideofthefamilycanbetracedbacktotheearlyQingDynasty.Despiteherunwillingness,shefollowedherparentstoplaythesuonaasearlyas3yearsold.Besidesit,LiuhasalsolearnedtraditionalChinesevocalmusicanddancing—skillsthathaveimprovedheroralmusclesandsenseofrhyme,helpingequiphertobeaprofessionalmusician.Itwasn’tuntil2008thatshefirstfoundsuonamusicbeautiful.ThatwaswhensheenteredtheShanghaiConservatoryofMusictolearntheinstrumentmoresystematicallyfromLiuYing,aprofessorandtopplayer.“Themusicplayedbytheprofessorisjustamazing,anddifferentfromwhatIhadheardbefore,”shesays.Shelovesexchangingideasaboutsuonaplayingtechniqueswithherstudents.“It’swonderfultoseetheyoungergenerationcarryingonthisculturaltradition.”LiuWenwensaidsheispleasedtoseethesuonaregainpopularityamongyoungpeople,sometimescombinedwithjazz,operaandotherartforms.Thishasstoppeditsdeclineinthe1990s.Hername,whenmentionedonChina’ssocialmediaplatforms,oftenisfollowedbyavideoofherliveperformanceataconcertinSydney,Australia.Westernerswereamazedbytheloud,unfamiliarinstrumentanditscolorfulmusic.“Ifeltmyhardworkhadpaidoff.Itrainedforover20years,probablyjusttowincheersandapplausefortraditionalChinesemusicontheinternationalstage.”24．WhaturgedLiuWenwentolearntoplaythesuona?A．Careerpressure. B．Socialtrend.C．Familytradition. D．Herprofessor’sperformance.25．Whathashelpedherbecomeaprofessionalmusician?A．Herearlypassionforsuona. B．Herexposuretovocalmusicanddance.C．Herlearningknowledgeofrhyme. D．Herperformingexperienceswithfamily.26．HowdidLiubegintofindsuonamusicbeautiful?A．BylearningfromthefamousprofessorLiu.B．ByvisitingShanghaiConservatoryofMusic.C．Bycombiningsuonawithothermusicforms.D．Bywatchingherfamilyperformingwithsuona.27．Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A．Sheisnowworkingasaprofessoroverseas.B．Sheappreciatesthevalueofherperformance.C．Shehasmadeafortuneafter20years’devotion.D．ShehasamazedWesternerswithherhardwork.【答案】24．C25．B26．A27．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国姑娘刘雯雯自幼学习吹唢呐的心路历程。24.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Herfather’sfamilyhasperformedwiththesuonaforsevengenerations,whilethetraditiononhermother’ssideofthefamilycanbetracedbacktotheearlyQingDynasty.Despiteherunwillingness,shefollowedherparentstoplaythesuonaasearlyas3yearsold.(她父亲的家族里七代人演奏过唢呐，而母亲的家族传统可以追溯到清初，尽管她不愿意，但她早在3岁时就跟随父母演奏了唢呐)”可知，家庭传统促使刘雯雯学习吹唢呐。故选C项。25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Besidesit,LiuhasalsolearnedtraditionalChinesevocalmusicanddancing—skillsthathaveimprovedheroralmusclesandsenseofrhyme,helpingequiphertobeaprofessionalmusician.(除此之外，刘还学习了中国传统声乐和舞蹈，这些技能提高了她的口腔肌肉和韵律感，使她成为一名专业音乐家)”可知，学习中国传统声乐和舞蹈增强了刘雯雯的口腔肌肉和韵律感，帮助她成为一名专业的音乐家。故选B项。26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itwasn’tuntil2008thatshefirstfoundsuonamusicbeautiful.ThatwaswhensheenteredtheShanghaiConservatoryofMusictolearntheinstrumentmoresystematicallyfromLiuYing,aprofessorandtopplayer.(直到2008年，她才第一次发现唢呐音乐很美。那时，她进入上海音乐学院，向教授、顶尖演奏家刘英更系统地学习乐器。)”可知，师从刘英教授后，刘雯雯开始发现唢呐音乐的美妙。故选A项。27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ifeltmyhardworkhadpaidoff.Itrainedforover20years,probablyjusttowincheersandapplausefortraditionalChinesemusicontheinternationalstage.(我觉得我的努力得到了回报。我训练了20多年，可能只是为了在国际舞台上为中国传统音乐赢得欢呼和掌声)”可知，刘雯雯觉得自己的努力在为中国传统音乐赢得了认可时得到了回报。由此可知，刘雯雯认识到自己的演奏帮助宣传了中国传统音乐，说明她认识到自己表演的价值。故选B项。C（2023·江苏·统考模拟预测）Avastmajorityofpeopleusuallyarguethatcyclingcanmakeasignificantcontributiontoourworld.Inreality,thereisagapbetweendesiredandactualnumbers.InGermany,forinstance,only20%oftheeverydayshort-distancetripsarecoveredbybicycle.Whenenquiringaboutthecauses,researchersfoundonepointrepeatedlytopsthelist:theperceivedorpotentialriskonthebikeroutesused.Increasingtheshareofcyclingtripsthusdependscruciallyonwell-developedbikepaths.However,designingefficientbikepathnetworksisacomplextaskthatinvolvesbalancingavarietyoflimitationswhilemeetingoveralldemand.Inaddition,manydistrictsareconfrontedwithashortageoffundsavailableforimprovingtheinfrastructure.Researchersproposeanewapproachtogeneratingefficientbikepathnetworks.Thisconsidersdemanddistributionandtherouteoptionofcyclistsbasedonpreferencesforsecureoutings.Typically,minimizingthetraveldistanceisfarfromthesolelygoal.Aspectssuchasattractivenessofaroutearealsotakenintoaccount.Underrealconditions,abikepathnetworkiscreatedbyconstantlyaddingbikepathstomorestreets.Thistime,researchersstartwithanideal,complexnetwork,inwhichallstreetsinacityareequippedwithabikepath.Inavirtualprocess,theygraduallyremovelessusedbikepathsectionsfromthisnetwork.Therouteselectionofcyclistsiscontinuouslyupdated.Thus,aseriesofbikepathnetworksiscreatedandisalwaysadaptedtothecurrentusage.Eachstageofitcorrespondstoavariantthatcouldbecarriedoutwithlessfinancialsupport.“Weillustratetheapplicabilityofthisdemand-drivenplanningforcrowdedurbanareasofDresdenandHamburg,”explainsresearcherChristophSteinacker.“Weareapproachingareal-lifeissuehereusingthetheoretictoolboxofnetworkdynamicsandcompareefficientbikepathnetworksunderdifferentconditions.”28．Whydopeoplerarelycycle?A．Theythinkofcyclingasinefficient. B．Theyusuallytakelong-distancetrips.C．They’reconcernedaboutthesecurity. D．They’reunabletofindspecialbikeroads.29．Whatisachallengeforgoodbikepathnetworks?A．Tightbudgets. B．Complexroutes.C．Maximizedtraveldistance. D．Decreasingcyclingdemand.30．Whatcanbelearnedabouttheplanningputforwardbyresearchers?A．Itwillbeupdatedonceinawhile. B．Itiscontrarytothereal-lifedesign.C．Itensureseverystreethasabikepath. D．Itservesasamodelforotherdistricts.31．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．GoodPlanningGetstheBikeRolling B．AgoodNetworkBenefitsMorePeopleC．CyclingPathsChangeCrowdedUrbanAreas D．ANewConceptContributestoaBetterWorld【答案】28．C29．A30．B31．A【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者通过研究如何建立发达的自行车道路网来提高自行车出行。细节理解题。根据文章第一段“InGermany,forinstance,only20%oftheeverydayshort-distancetripsarecoveredbybicycle.Whenenquiringaboutthecauses,researchersfoundonepointrepeatedlytopsthelist:theperceivedorpotentialriskonthebikeroutesused.(比如说，在德国，每天的短距离行程中，只有20%是骑自行车出行。当被问及其原因时，研究者发现其中一个一直高居榜首：骑行路线的感知风险和潜在风险。)”可知，很少有人选择自行车出行是因为他们担心感知风险和潜在风险的存在，担心安全问题，故选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However,designingefficientbikepathnetworksisacomplextaskthatinvolvesbalancingavarietyoflimitationswhilemeetingoveralldemand.Inaddition,manydistrictsareconfrontedwithashortageoffundsavailableforimprovingtheinfrastructure.(然而，设计高效的自行车路线网络是一个复杂的任务，它包括平衡一系列限制的同时，还要满足全面的需求。而且，很多地区面临着提升设施的可用资金的短缺问题。)”可知，建立好的自行车道路网所遇到的挑战是资金短缺，预算紧张的问题，故选A。推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thistime,researchersstartwithanideal,complexnetwork,inwhichallstreetsinacityareequippedwithabikepath.Inavirtualprocess,theygraduallyremovelessusedbikepathsectionsfromthisnetwork.Therouteselectionofcyclistsiscontinuouslyupdated.Thus,aseriesofbikepathnetworksiscreatedandisalwaysadaptedtothecurrentusage.(这一次，研究者想出了一个理想的、复杂的道路网络，城市里所有街道都配备一条自行车道。在现实过程中，他们逐渐地从网络里移除了使用较少的自行车道。骑行者对道路的选择也在不断更新中。因此，就创造出了一系列的自行车道路网，它也总是在适应当前的使用状况。)”可推知，研究者提出的计划道路网是每个城市里所有街道都配备一条自行车道，但在实际过程中，却因为一些自行车道使用较少，而不得不逐渐减少它们，故研究者提出的计划与实际生活中的设计截然不同，故选B。31．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段末句“Increasingtheshareofcyclingtripsthusdependscruciallyonwell-developedbikepaths.(因此，增加自行车出行的比例至关重要地取决于发达的自行车道。)”以及后文对如何建立发达的自行车道可知，本文主要围绕通过建立发达的自行车道来鼓励人们骑行，故A项“好的计划能让自行车运转起来”符合文章标题，故选A。D（2024·湖南常德·高三常德市一中校考阶段练习）Jason,astraight-AstudentfromtheUniversityofPennsylvania,usestheterm“pseudo-working”todescribehowmanyofusstudy.Thepseudo-workerlooksandfeelslikesomeonewhoisworkinghard—heorshespendsalongtimeinthelibraryandisnotafraidtopushonlateintothenight—but,becauseofalackoffocusandconcentration,heorshe’sdoesn’tactuallyaccomplishmuch.Thisphenomenoncanbeseenonmostcollegecampuses.Forexample,atDartmouththerewasasectionofthemainlibrarythatwasopentwenty-fourhoursaday,andthestudentsIusedtoseetherelateatnightcrowdedingroups,drinkingcoffee,weredefinitelypseudo-working.TheroommatewhoflipsthroughherchemistrynotesonthecouchwhilewatchingTVispseudo-working.Byplacingthemselvesindistractingenvironmentsandinsistingonworkinglonghours,thesestudentsaredamagingtheirbrain’sabilitytothinkclearlyandefficientlyaccomplishthetaskathand.Intheendtheygethalftheresultswithtwicetheeffort.Thebiggerproblemhereisthatmoststudentsdon’tevenrealizethatthey’repseudo-working.Tothempseudo-workingiswork—it’showthey’vealwaysdoneit,andit’showalloftheirfriendsdoit.Itnevercrossestheirmindthattheremightbeabetterway.Straight-Astudents,ontheotherhand,knowallaboutpseudo-working.Theyfearit.Itnotonlywastestime,butit’salsomentallytiring.Infact,themostimportantskillinbecomingastraight-Astudentistheabilitytogetworkdonequicklyandwithaminimumofwastedeffort.Somecognitivescienceresearchconcludesthataboutfiftyminutesistheoptimallearningperiodtomaximizethematerialintegratedpertimeunit.Sohowdothesestudentsachievethisgoal?Tounderstandtheirsecrettosuccess,considerthefollowingsimpleformula(公式):workaccomplished=timespent×intensityoffocus.Pseudo-workingfeaturesaverylowintensityoffocus.Therefore,toaccomplishsomethingbypseudo-working,youneedtospendalotoftime.Thestraight-Aapproachontheotherhand,increasesintensityinordertouselesstime.32．Whichofthefollowingphenomenonispseudo-working?A．Tomisbusytakingnoteswhileattendingalecture.B．Mikeissittingatastudyloungeinpreparationforafinalexamquietly.C．Jackspendsalongtimeinthelibraryonhisessaywhilelisteningtomusic.D．AliceandSaraaresittingonthecouchreadingtheirfavoritebooks.33．Comparedwithstraight-Astudents,themajorproblemofmoststudentsisthatthey________.A．wanttospendmoretimeonstudyB．areeagertofollowtheirfriends’wayC．havegotusedtotheirstudyapproachD．areunawareoftheirpseudo-working34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“optimal”meaninparagraph5?A．Possible. B．Best. C．Least. D．Accurate.35．Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressbymentioningtheformula?A．Thelengthoftimeonstudycounts.B．Concentrationplaysakeyroleinstudy.C．Gettingworkdonequicklymeanseverything.D．Effectivestudyapproachisveryimportant.【答案】32．C33．D34．B35．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了大学中伪工作的普遍现象，并介绍了伪工作者和全优学生的区别。32.推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thepseudo-workerlooksandfeelslikesomeonewhoisworkinghard—heorshespendsalongtimeinthelibraryandisnotafraidtopushonlateintothenight—but,becauseofalackoffocusandconcentration,heorshe’sdoesn’tactuallyaccomplishmuch.(伪工作者看起来和感觉都像是一个努力工作的人——他或她在图书馆待很长时间，不怕坚持到深夜——但是，由于缺乏注意力和专注力，他或她实际上并没有取得多大成就。)”可知，伪工作者看似很努力，会花很多时间做事，但缺乏注意力和专注力，效率不高，再结合选项可推测出，杰克在图书馆花大量时间做论文的同时听音乐。故选C。33.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thebiggerproblemhereisthatmoststudentsdon’tevenrealizethatthey’repseudo-working.(这里更大的问题是，大多数学生甚至没有意识到他们是在伪工作。)”可知，与全优学生相比，大多数学生的主要问题是他们没有意识到自己在伪工作。故选D。34.词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“Infact,themostimportantskillinbecomingastraight-Astudentistheabilitytogetworkdonequicklyandwithaminimumofwastedeffort.(事实上，成为一名全优学生最重要的技能是能够以最少的浪费精力快速完成工作。)”可知，全优学生会浪费最少的精力快速完成工作，由此可推测出，他们学习效率很高，会在最少的时间里尽量快速完成工作。根据画线词前的“aboutfiftyminutes”和画线词后的“learningperiodtomaximizethematerialintegratedpertimeunit”可知，这里表示大约50分钟是最佳的学习时间，能够最大化学习效率，optimal意为“最佳的”，与best意思最接近。故选B。35．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Tounderstandtheirsecrettosuccess,considerthefollowingsimpleformula(公式):workaccomplished=timespent×intensityoffocus.(为了理解他们成功的秘诀，可以考虑以下简单的公式：完成的工作=花费的时间×专注的强度。)”和最后一段中的“Thestraight-Aapproachontheotherhand,increasesintensityinordertouselesstime.(另一方面，为了使用更少的时间，全有学生会增加注意力集中强度。)”可知，完成的工作=花费的时间×专注的强度，在工作量不变的情况下，要想少花时间，就要增加专注强度，而全优学生就会增加注意力集中强度来减少时间，由此可推测出，作者通过这个公式是想强调专注力在学习中起着重要作用。故选B。第二节(共5小题:每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2023·浙江名校·联考模拟预测）Mostsmartphonesallowyoutorunlocation­sharingsoftwarethatusesthephone'sGPScapabilitytoletfriendsandfamilyknowyourexactlocation.Therearelotsofgreatusesforthistechnology.36Somakesureyou'repermittedtouseanapporservice,andpayattentiontohowyouareusingit.Here'resomeimportantpointsyoumayfindhelpful.Choosewhat'sbestforyou.Somelocation­sharingservicesaregamesthatletyougiveashout­outwhenyou'veturnedupataparticularspot.37Stillotherscontinuetoshareyourlocationuntilyouchangethesetting.Besureyouknowexactlyhowyourservicesharesyourlocation.Knowwhoyourfriendsare.38Thismeanspeoplecansearchtoseeifyou'reonlineandaddyouasafriend.It'simportanttorememberthatsharingyourlocationwithpeopleyou'venevermetinreallifeisrisky,soyoushouldcarefullymanagefriendrequestsandshareyourlocationonlywithpeopleyouknowandtrust.39Someservicesautomaticallystopsendingyourlocationafteraperiodoftime,butotherswillsenditforever—untilyoustopit.Reviewyourcontactlistperiodicallyanddeleteanyonetowhomyounolongerfeelcomfortablerevealingyourlocation.Updateparents.Location­basedservicesareagreatwayforteenstoletparentsknowwheretheyarewithouthavingtocallortext.40Ifyou'reheadinghomelateatnight,youcanalsouseaservicelikeGlympsetoshareyourlocationasyoudrive,sothey'llknowifyouhavecartroubleorgetstuckintraffic.A．Checkbackoften.B．Keepsendingyourlocation.C．However,theseservicesarenotforallchildren.D．Withitshelp,youcaneasilyshareyourlocationwiththem.E．Check­inseaseworriessotheydon'thavetofollowyoureverymove.F．Othersshowwhereyouareallthetimeorforaperiodoftimeyouset.G．SomelocationservicesoperatelikeFacebook,whereyouinviteandacceptfriends.【答案】36．C37．F38．G39．A40．E【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何正确和安全地使用手机的定位功能。36.空前一句“Therearelotsofgreatusesforthistechnology.”提到手机定位装置很有用，空后一句“Somakesureyou'repermittedtouseanapporservice,andpayattentiontohowyouareusingit.”提到，你要确保你被允许使用某个软件或服务，并注意如何使用。空前后为转折关系，C项“然而，这些服务并不是适用于所有孩子”符合语境，故选C项。37.根据空前一句“Somelocation­sharingservicesaregamesthatletyougiveashout­outwhenyou'veturnedupataparticularspot.(有些位置共享服务是当你出现在某个特定地点时，你可以大声喊出来的游戏。)”及空后一句“Stillotherscontinuetoshareyourlocationuntilyouchangethesetting.(还有一些继续分享你的位置，直到你改变设置。)”可知，此处是列举一些定位服务，F项“其他的则显示出你在所有时间或一段时间内所处的位置。”符合语境，F项中的Others与上文Some及下文Stillothers呼应。故选F项。38.根据空后一句“Thismeanspeoplecansearchtoseeifyou'reonlineandaddyouasafriend.(这意味着人们可以通过搜索查看你是否在线，并添加你为好友。)”可知，有些定位装置像社交软件一样，可以加好友，G项“有些定位服务的操作像Facebook一样，你可以邀请并接受朋友。”符合