2026年上海市金山区高三下学期二模英语试卷和答案

PAGEPAGE10共NUMPAGES10Grammarandvocabulary20分)SectionA(10分)

2025学年第二学期质量监控

20264Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.CanTime-HonoredBrandsWinModernTheMinistryofCommerce(MOFCOM)haslaunchedthe2026Time-HonoredBrandsCarnival(嘉年华),anationwideyear-longinitiativetoshowfamousnationalandlocaltraditionalbrands.Theorganizerswillholditduringtraditionalfestivals,holidaysandbigexhibitions,(1) (expect)toprovidemorehigh-qualityproductsandservicesandmeetpeople’swishforabetterlife.MOFCOMdatashowsChinahas1,455officialtime-honoredbrands,(2) anaveragehistoryofover145years.Intheageofglobaleconomyandchangingconsumertastes,thesebrands,carriersofChina’sbusiness (face)greatchancesandchallenges.Thecarnival,therefore,ismorethanabusinessshow.It alsoserveasaculturalbridge,connectingthepastandfuture,traditionandmodernFamousforgreatqualityandspecialfeatures,theseproductsperfectlysatisfymodernpeople’sneedforspecialandhigh-endgoods.Manybrandsownspecialskillsandsecretrecipes,whicharevaluableculturalheritage.Theywillbevisuallypresentedthroughoutthecarnival.Forexample,Tongrentang’straditionalChinesemedicineprocessingtechniques (demonstrate)onsite.Thiswillbringtraditionaltechniquesfromworkshopstothepublicandstimulatethewillingness(6) (learn)andpassthemon. makesthecarnivaldistinctiveisthatitsuccessfullybridgesbrandsandlocalculturebyrecreatinghistoricalscenesandsharingvividstories.Itcanbeclearlyseenthat,inBeijing,thecarnivalrestoresthecommercialscenesofhutongs,(8) inShanghai,itplacesgreateremphasisondisplayingtheuniquecommercialcultureshapedbythecity’shistory.Furthermore,thecarnivalhelpstraditionalbrandsintegratenaturallyintomodernlife.Manytime-honoredteahouseshavedevelopedinnovativedrinks,andthecarnivalprovidesaperfectplatform(9) thesenewconceptscanbetestedandacceptedbythepublic. (support)byrichexperiencesandvariousinteractiveactivities,the“culture+consumption”modelinjectsnewvitalityintooldbrands.Anditinturnguidestheupgradingandprogressofsocialconsumption.SectionB10分Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.B.C.D.E.G.H.I.J.K.AIThatTalkstoItselfLearnsFasterandTalkingtoyourselfmayfeeluniquelyhuman,butitturnsoutthishabitcanalsohelpmachineslearn. dialoguehelpspeopleorganizeideas,weighchoices,andmakesenseofemotions.NewresearchshowsthatasimilarprocesscanimprovehowAIlearnsandadapts.TheresearchersfoundthatAIsystemsperformbetteracrossmanytaskswhentheyaretrainedtouseinnerspeechalongsideshort-termmemory.ThefindingssuggestthatlearningisshapednotonlybythestructureofanAIsystem,butalsobyhowit(12) withitselfduringtraining.HowSelfTalkImprovesAITotestthisidea,theresearcherscombinedself-directedinternalspeechwithaspecializedworkingmemorysystem.ThisapproachallowedtheirAImodelstolearnmore(13) ,adjusttounfamiliarsituations,andhandlemultipletasksatonce.Theresultsshowedclearimprovementsinflexibilityandoverallperformancecomparedwithsystemsthatreliedonmemoryalone.BuildingAIThatCanAcentralgoaloftheteam’sworkiscontent-agnostic(与内容无关的)informationprocessing.Thisreferstotheabilitytoapplylearnedskillsbeyondtheexactsituationsencounteredduringtraining,usinggeneralrulesratherthan(14) WhyWorkingMemory(15) TheresearchersbeganbyexaminingmemorydesigninAImodels,focusingonworkingmemoryanditsroleingeneralization.Bytestingtaskswithdifferentlevelsofdifficulty,theteamcompared(16) memoryTheyfoundthatmodelswithmultipleworkingmemoryslots(内存插槽)performedbetteron(17) problems,suchasreversingsequences(顺序)orrecreatingpatterns.Thesetasksrequireholdingseveralpiecesofinformationatonceandprocessingtheminthecorrectorder.Whentheteamadded(18) thatencouragedthesystemtotalktoitselfaspecificnumberoftimes,performanceimprovedevenfurther.Thebiggest(19) appearedduringmultitaskingandintasksthatrequiredmanysteps.Thecombinedsystemisparticularlyexcitingbecauseit(20) learningefficiencywhileusingfarlesstrainingdata.Itcouldpavethewayformoreflexible,human-likeAIsystems.ReadingComprehension45分)SectionA(15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Anewstudyhasfoundthatbumblebeescanprocessthedurationoflightflashesandusethisinformationtofindfood.Thisisthe(21) evidenceofsuchanabilityininsects,accordingtoElisabettaVersacefromQueenMaryUniversityofLondon.VersacetoldCNNthatthefindingcouldsettlealong-standingdebateamongscientistsaboutwhetherinsectsareabletoprocesscomplexpatterns,asmanyexpertspreviously(22) theircognitive认知)“Inthepast,peoplethoughtinsectswerejustsimplereflexmachineswithoutanyflexibilityVersaceexplainedTotesttheirideaandprovethatbeescouldprocesstime-relatedinformation,theresearchersbuilta(n)(23) designedmaze(迷宫)whereindividualbumblebeestraveledwhenleavingtheirnestsforfood.Inthemaze,thebeeswereshowntwodistinct(24) clues:onecirclethatflashedbrieflyfor0.5secondsandtheotherforalongerperiodof5seconds.Whenthebeesapproachedthese(25) circles,theyfoundsweet,preferredfoodatoneandbitter,unwantedfoodattheother.Eventhoughthecircles’positionschangedineachpartofthemaze,thebeesgraduallylearnedovertimetoflytowardthe(26) flash,whichwasconsistentlylinkedtothesweetfood.To(27) thepossibilitythatthebeeswererelyingonseeingorsmellingthesweetfood,Versaceandherteammembersthentestedthebees’behaviorwhennofoodwaspresentatall.Theyfoundthatthebeescouldstilltellthecirclesapartbased(28) onflashduration,nototherpotentialcueslikecolororshape.“Thisshowsthebees(29) usingthetimedifferencebetweentheflashestoguidetheirfood-seekingchoices,”sheVersacenotedthatthebees’abilitytousesuchnovelstimuli—flashestheywouldneverencounterintheirnaturalenvironment—tosolvetasksflexiblyistruly(30) .“Thisfindingmakesperfectsense,asbeesmustcarefullymanagetheirtimewhilelookingforfoodtomaximizerewardsandminimizethe(31) ofreturningtothenest,”shesaid.Thestudyalsofoundthatbumblebeesareamongasmallgroupofanimals,includinghumansandpigeons,thatcan(32) betweenshortandlongflashes,askillhumansusetounderstandMorsecode,whereshortandlongsignalsrepresentdifferentletters.Whiletheneuralmechanisms(神经机制)behindbees’(33) abilityremainunclear,theteamplanstoinvestigatethemfurtherinfutureresearch.Theyalsoaimtostudybeeslivingfreelyincoloniesratherthanindividually,andexplorewhysomebeeslearnto(34) timedurationfasterthanothers.Thefindings(35) long-heldideathatbeesarejustinstinct-drivenmachines.Besides,theyhighlightbees’complexcognitionandoffernewinsightsintohowanimalsperceivetime.21.A.B.C.D.22.A.B.C.D.23.A.B.C.D.24.A.B.C.D.25.A.B.C.D.26.A.B.C.D.27.A.allowB.lookC.ruleD.open28.A.B.C.D.29.A.B.C.D.30.A.B.C.D.31.A.B.C.D.32.A.B.C.D.33.A.food-B.time-C.time-D.food-34.A.B.C.D.35.A.B.C.D.SectionB22分Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.RobertoBeltramigrewupjustafewhours’drivefromMuranoofItaly,world-famousforproducingbeautifulglassware.ButitwasinBostonthathefirstcameacrosstheartofglassblowing.Itwas2011,andBeltrami,thenaphysicsstudentatBostonUniversity,wasfascinatedbyanexhibitionoftheworkofAmericanartistDaleChihuly,knownforpushingbacktheboundariesofcontemporaryglassblowing.BeltramivisitedMuranoduringhissummerbreakandtookaclassinglassblowing.Thatclassturnedintoapprenticeship(学徒期andlaterhestudiedundersomeoftheworld’smostfamousglassblowingAtonetime,Muranowasthegloballeaderinglassblowing.Butinrecentyears,thenumberoffactorieshasdroppedsharply.Whilemanysaythatyoungpeopleareuninterestedinpursuinghot,hardmanuallabor,Beltramihasadifferentperspective.“Withalongtraditionofcloselyguardingtheirtradesecrets,workshopsinMuranoarereluctanttowelcomenewcomers,”Beltramisaid.In2017,Beltramistartedhisownworkshop,WaveMuranoGlass.Nowwithateamof20,manyofthemintheirtwentiesandthirties,Beltrami—believedtobetheyoungestglassmasterinMurano—istraininganewgenerationofAtWave,Beltramiintroducedavarietyofmoderntechnologies,includingstreamliningworkflowsandnewfurnaces炉子Thesefurnacescancaptureheatthatistypicallylostviaexhaustfumesandreuseittopreheattheairgoingintotheburner.Murano’sfactorieshavehistoricallyworkedonsmall-scaleindustrialorders,withmanyrejectingordersoflessthanafewhundredbutunabletohandlethoseofafewthousand.So,Beltramisetuphisworkshoptobeflexible.WhilemostofWave’sproductsarewhitelabelproductsforbrands,designers,andartists,upto10%ofthecompany’ssalescomefromclassesandtours.Beltramialsohasmadeapointofofferinginternshipstoyoung,enthusiasticpeoplefromaroundtheglobe,manyofwhomarenowemployedbyWave.ForBeltrami,findingnewtalentsisanessentialsteptorevitalizetheindustry.WhatfirstarousedBeltrami’sinterestinAchildhoodvisittoAnexhibitiononglassAnartcourseatBostonAphysicalexperimentaboutWhataccountsforthedeclineofMurano’sglassblowingindustryinBeltrami’sThefallingglobaldemandforLocalworkshops’unwillingnesstoYoungpeople’slackofinterestinmanualOver-protectionoftheirtraditionalHowdoesWaveMuranoGlassrunitsByadoptingadiversifiedbusinessByfocusingonsmall-scaleindustrialByproducingcustomizedartworksfortheByprovidingproductsforvariousbrandsandWhydoesBeltramiofferinternshipstoyoungTocutdownthedailycostsofhisTochangeMurano’straditionalworkingTopassonandrevivethetraditionalglassToexpandhisteamforlargercommercial3DPrinting&ModelingwithPrice:$1,299Skilllevel:beginner—Duration:aweek-longprogram,8hoursperAboutthis3Dprintingtechnologyhaspavedthewayforcountlessinventions.DivedeepintoBlender,apowerful3Dmodelingandanimationsoftwareusedbyindustrycreatives.You’llinventandmodelyourowndesigns,suchasfunctionaldeskorganizersandimaginativecharacters.Then,transformthemintotactile(有触感的prints!Createkeychains,smalltoys,orcollectiblepets.Pluginyour3DmodelsandwatchthemcometolifelayerbylayerontheprintbedAttheendoftheweek,you’lltakehomeyourcollectionof3DSampleHere’sasampleofwhataweekinthiscoursecouldlooklike.Keepinmindthatstudentswillprogressatvaryingpaces,sothisismeanttoserveasanoutlineofkeyandtheoverallAnintroductionto3DLearningadvanceddesigntoolsinStartingyourownoriginalFinalprojects&print3DartThecampThiscampispartofasummercourserunningMondaythroughFriday.Learningsessionswillbeheldinalabonaninspiringuniversitycampus.Youwillbeplacedwithinasmallgroupandguidedbyanexperiencedinstructor.Dailyschedulesnotonlyfocusonhands-onlearningandcreativeexplorationbutalsoallowforoutdoorandrecreationalactivities.DayovernightoptionsareavailablebasedonExperiencedOurinstructorshaveapassionfortechnology,possessunmatchedexpertise,andhavethekindofpersonalitythatbringsouttheverybestineveryone.Theycomefromtopuniversitiesandearncertificationtoensureexceptionalteachingquality.EveryinstructorundergoesthoroughbackgroundandreferencechecksbeforejoiningtheWhenyoulearnfromthebest,you’llunlocktobecomeyourWhowouldbemostinterestedinthisStudentswhoexpecttotakepartincompetitivedesignStudentswhowanttoturndigitalcreativeideasintorealStudentswhopreferindependentonlinelearningattheirownStudentswhowishtogainaprofessionalqualificationin3DWhydoesthewriterincludethe“Sampleschedule”intheToremindstudentstofollowafixedlearningToshowthattheoryandpracticeareequallyTogivereadersageneralimpressionofthelearningTostressthefiercecompetitionamongprogramWhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethecampTheyarecraftsmenknownfortheirhands-onTheyareprofessionalstaffselectedthroughstrictTheyarepassionatevolunteersfrominternationalTheyarefull-timeuniversityprofessorsrichinteachingWe’veallheardabouttechniquestogetusmorephysicallyactive—takethestairs,parkthecarabitfurtherfromyourdestination,getupandmarchinplaceforaminuteortwowhenstandingorsittingatadesk.Nowastudyfindsevensimplehouseworkmaymakeadifferenceinbrainhealthinour70sand80s.“Exerciseisaninexpensivewaytoimprovehealth.Ourstudyshowsitmayhaveaprotectiveeffectonthebrain,”saysDr.AronS.BuchmanwithRushUniversityMedicalCenterinChicago,wholedthestudy.Previousresearchfoundjust45minutesofwalkingthreedaysaweekactuallyincreasedbrainvolumeamongindividuals65andolder.Thenewstudy,publishedinanonlineissueofNeurology,isunique.Buchmanwasabletoanalyzetheactualbrainsofstudyparticipants.Thefindingsarea“greatthankyou”totheparticipantswhoagreedtodonatetheirbrainsforresearchafterdeath,hesays.Thestudylookedat454olderadultswhowere70orolderwhentheresearchbegan.Ofthoseadults,191hadbehavioralsignsofdementia(痴呆)and263didnot.Intheresearchthatwasdoneinthefinalyearsoftheirlives,eachparticipantworeanactivitymonitorcalledanaccelerometer.Itmeasuredthoseparticipants’physicalactivityaroundtheclock—everythingfromwalkingaroundthehousetoexerciseroutines.Researcherscollectedandevaluatedtendaysofmovementdataforeachparticipantandcalculatedanaveragedailyactivityscore.Thefindingsshowthathigherlevelsofdailymovementwerelinkedtobetterthinkingandmemoryskills.AndwhenBuchmananalyzedbraintissueunderamicroscope,thisfindingturnedouttobethecaseevenforindividualswithatleastthreesignsofAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔茨海默症).EventhoughtheseindividualsmighthavebeendiagnosedwithAlzheimer’s,30percentofthemhad“normal”cognitionatdeath,saysBuchman.Whyonepersonshowssignsofdementiaandanother,whohassimilardegenerative退行性的)changesinthebrain,doesnot,isamystery.ButBuchmansaysthenewfindingssuggestthatphysicalactivitymaybeprotective,evenwhiledevelopingAlzheimer’s.Itsortofmasksthesymptoms,hesays.Itsuggeststhatyoucanhavesomecontroloveryourbrainhealthevenifyoudon’thavecontroloverdevelopingAlzheimer’s.And,whileintenseactivityandexerciseishighlybeneficial,lightactivitycanmakeadifferenceaswell,saysBuchman.“Aslongasyouhavesomeactivityandyou’removing,whetheryou’rechoppingonionsorsweepingthefloor,”youcanreduceyourriskofcognitivedecline.WhatmakesthenewstudyuniquecomparedtopreviousItinvolvesalargernumberofparticipantsthanearlierItprovesthatintenseexerciseismoreeffectivethanlightItdiscoversthathouseworkisthebestformofexercisefortheItallowsresearcherstoexamineparticipants’actualbraintissueafterAccordingtothestudy,whatistheeffectoflightphysicalactivityonindividualswithAlzheimer’sItcompletelycurestheIthasnosignificantimpactonbrainItslowsdowntheprogressionoftheAlzheimer’sItmaycoverupsymptomsandreducethecognitiveWhichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthisTheCureforAlzheimer’s:ANewMedicalWhyHouseworkIsBetterThanGymExerciseforTheMysteryofDementia:WhySomePeopleAreWhatisDr.Buchman’sattitudetowardsthestudy’sAppreciativeandcautiouslyIndifferenttotheparticipants’PessimisticabouttheirpracticalSuspiciousofthelinkbetweenexerciseandbrainSectionC(8分Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.TraditionalTraditionaltaxiswillgraduallydisappearinthenearSomeuserscomplainaboutthelimitedspaceinsideThisbreakthroughcangreatlybenefittrafficsafetyandMeanwhile,publictrustandunderstandingneedtobegraduallyItisnolongerjustameansoftransportbutanintelligentmobileHowever,thispioneeringinventionalsobringsunavoidableCybercab:ANewEraofRobotaxiTheintroductionofTesla’sCybercabhasmarkedagroundbreakingstepinthefutureofurbantransportation.Designedasadedicatedrobotaxi,thisautonomousvehicleabandonsconventionalcontrolssuchassteeringwheelsandpedals,relyingentirelyonAI-poweredFullSelf-Driving(FSD)system.(47) Withastreamlinedtwo-seatlayoutandadvancedsensors,itaimstoreshapehowpeopletravelincities.Cybercabrepresentsagiantleapinbothtechnologyandconcept.Itscoreisanadvancedneuralnetworkthatprocessesvisualdatainrealtime,enablingprecisenavigationandresponsetocomplexroadsituations.Accordingtoofficialdata,itssafetylevelisroughlytentimeshigherthanthatofhumandriving.(48) Itcancutdowntrafficaccidents,easecongestionandlowertravelcostssignificantly. Manyworryaboutlegalresponsibilitysystemsecurityandethicaldilemmas(道德困境)inextremesituations.Publicacceptanceremainsanotherbarrierassomepassengersstillfeeluncomfortableridinginfullydriverlessvehicles.Technicalreliabilityandemergencyhandlingmustbefurthertestedandimproved.Toprepareforaneraofautonomousmobilitygovernments,companiesandthepublicneedtoworktogetherClearlawsandregulationsshouldbemadetodefineoperationstandardsandresponsibility.(50) continuousbreakthroughsandcautious谨慎的)promotion,Cybercabandsimilarinnovationsareexpectedtomaketransportationsmarter,greenerandmoreefficientforeveryone.Summarywriting10分Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Short-termmemorycontainsthecontentsofyourthoughtsrightnow,includingwhatyouintendtodointhenextfewseconds.Actually,itisdoingsomementalcalculations.Youmaythinkaboutwhatyou’llsaynextinaconversationorwalktothehallclosetwiththeintentionofgettingapairofgloves.Short-termmemoryiseasilydisturbedordisrupted.Itdependsonyouractiveattentiontotheitemsinthe“nextthingtodo”fileinyourmind.Youdothisbythinkingaboutthem,perhapsrepeatingthemoverandoveragain(“I’mgoingtotheclosettogetgloves”).Butanydistraction—anewthought,someoneaskingyouaquestion,thetelephoneringing—candisruptyourshort-termmemorybyinterferingwiththisattentionalmaintenanceprocess.Ourabilitytoautomaticallyrestorethecontentsofourshort-termmemorydeclinesslightlywitheverydecadeafter30.Butageisnotthemajorfactor