Unit+1+Science+and+Scientists+一轮词汇复习+课件-2026届高三英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Unit1ScienceandScientists

高三一轮复习（主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术）复习模块主题语境课标主题语境及内容要求所对应的教材模块五人与社会（文学艺术与体育）7.体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神；6.影视、音乐等领域的概况及其发展；5.绘画、建筑等领域代表性作品和人物；4.小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学简史、经典演讲、文学名著等；必修一U3Sportsandfitness必修二U5Music选择性必修三U1Art选择性必修三U5Poems选择性必修四U1Sciencefiction模块六人与社会（历史/社会与文化）12.物质与非物质文化遗产；8.不同民族文化习俗与传统节日；14.重大政治、历史事件，文化渊源；15.社会进步与人类文明；必修二U1Culturalheritage必修二U4Historyandtraditions必修三U1Festivalsandcelebrations模块七人与社会（杰出人物）9.对社会有突出贡献的人物；选择性必修一U1Peopleofachievement（P2/8）选择性必修一U5Workingtheland（P50）选择性必修二U1Scienceandscientists（P2/7/8）必修三U2MoralsandVirtues（P16）大单元语境下的教材整合模块高考真题与本单元话题相关2025新课标I卷阅读理解D篇自来水中的微塑料污染（microplasticpollution)，中国科研团队研究问题、发现瓶装水微塑料含量高，提出煮沸与降低摄入的方法，展现科学研究与解决方案。2024年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇BiodiversityDataQualityandCitizenScience（生物多样性数据质量与公民科学），斯坦福大学Daru团队关于生物多样性观测数据偏差的研究，围绕“问题-分析-建议”的科研逻辑展开，匹配单元“科学探究”主题。2023年新课标II卷阅读理解B篇生态学家JohnTodd利用自然自净原理研发污水处理系统的经历，体现科学家的好奇心与创新精神，紧扣单元“科学家品质”。单元知识图谱3.havesthdone4.until引导的时间状语从句第1课时

词汇与知识点（会写、会读、会用）第2课时

课文重点句式与表语从句（掌握课文要点，通句式，会仿写；掌握表语从句的用法）

第3课时

单元话题写作

（会写与科技相关话题应用文）课时分配与课时目标第一课时

词汇与知识点复习

1.极为恶劣/严重的;严厉的

2.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的3.最终地;彻底地4.相互矛盾的;对立的5.感染;传染6.使感染;传染7.生动的;鲜明的;丰富的8.认购(股份);定期订购9.同意;赞同10.证据;证明;检验11.数量多的;多种多样的12.家庭;同住一所房子的人13.怀疑;可疑对象14.把…归咎于;责怪;指责15.把手;拉手;柄,处理;操纵16.介入;出面;干涉17.联系;纽带18.未煮的;生的;19.干净的;纯的;纯粹的20.大量的;价值巨大的;重大的21.减少;降低;减少量22.幸亏;由于23.统计数字/资料;统计学24.使改观;使改变形态

25.思想;思维;见解26.蛋白质27.细胞;小房间;单间牢房28.病毒29.发现;调查结果;判決30.最初的;开始的;第一的31.理论框架32.可靠的;固体的;坚实的33.投射;投以(视线笑容);投掷34.阴影;影子;背光处35.彩虹36.倒出;倾泻;斟(饮料)37.混凝士；混凝土制的;具体的38.突然开始;爆发39.保卫;防守;辩解40.助理;助手41.主管;掌管42.领导;领导地位;

43.追溯;追踪

n.痕迹;遗迹44.优秀的;杰出的;明显的45.有天赋的;天资聪慧的46.患(病);染上(小病)47.抽象的;理性的n.摘要48.稳定的;平稳的;稳步的49.概念;观念

50.除…之外;而且;此外51.聪颖的;明亮的52.最重要的是;尤其是53.改变;转换;轮班54.弱点；过错5分钟单词默写1.

severe2.

frustrated3.

onceandforall4.

contradictory5.

infection6.

infect7.

vivid8.

subscribe9.

subscribeto10.

proof11.

multiple12.

household13.

suspect14.

blame15.

handle16.

Intervention17.

link18.

raw19.

pure20.

substantial21.

decrease22.

thanksto23.

statistic24.

transform25.

thinking26.

protein27.

cell28.

virus29.

finding30.

initial31.

theoreticalframework32.

solid33.

cast34.

shadow35.

rainbow36.

pour37.

concrete38.

breakout39.

defend40.

assistant41.

inchargeof42.

leadership43.

trace44.

outstanding45.

gifted46.

comedownwith47.

abstract48.

steady49.

concept50.

besides51.

brilliant52.

aboveall53.

shift54.

fault2分钟核对

Sincetheseverediseasebrokeout,manypeopleallovertheworld1.____________(infect).Thespecialistsinepidemiologywhoareoutstanding,giftedandpatrioticalongwiththeirassistantshavebeen2._______chargeoftracingthesourceofthevirusinordertodefendmorepeoplefrom3.___________(kill).Theydesiredtoproducevaccinetohandlethedeadlydiseaseonceandforall.Initially,withconcreteproofcollected,theysuspectedthatwildbatswere4.___________(blame).Butbyobservingtheviruswithmicroscopes,theygatheredsolidandmultiplestatisticsandmasteredtheframeworkofthevirus,which5.__________(gradual)transformedtheirinitialcontradictorythinking.Allthefindingsmadethemsubscribetotheideathattheviruswasnotdirectlylinkedtothebats,whichmadethebrilliantexperts6.______________(frustrate).Thisalsocastashadowontheexperts,sotheyhadtoshifttowards7._______topreventthevirusfromspreadingamongpeople.Aboveall,thelesswegoout,thelesslikelywewillcomedownwiththedeadlydisease.Furthermore,takinginmoreproteinandeatingmorevegetablesaregood8._______(choose)aswell.Lastbutnotleast,whatweshoulddoisthatwemustwearmasksoutdoors.Thankstotheseinterventions,thethreatofthediseasesawasubstantialdecrease.Thediseasehastaughtustolead9._____healthylifesuchasdrinkingpureorboiledwaterandavoidingrawfoods.Mostimportantly,weshouldhavefaithinourgovernment,under10.__________leadershipwehaveachievedsteadysuccess.语境串记havebeeninfectedinbeingkilledtoblamegraduallyfrustratedhowchoicesawhose要点回顾1.decrease:减少到……;减少了……；在……方面下降;正在减少;同义词和反义词2.suspect：怀疑某人(做)某事；怀疑某人/某物为……；怀疑……;对……起疑心3.blame：(对某事)负有责任,应受责备；因某事责备某人;把某事归咎于某人；把某事归咎于某人/某事4.defend：保护……免受……；保护;为了保卫;(为……)辩护；adj.防御的,戒备的5.comedownwith：comedownto；comeacross；comearound/round；comeabout；comeup；comeupwith6.aboveall:afterall;firstofall;allinall;inall;atall

1.decrease

①Butalthoughtheviruscausedtherabbitpopulationtodecreasefrom130,000___

around10,000,italsomeantlessfoodforthecats.②Becauseofhumanactivities,thenumberofsomerareanimalsis____

thedecrease.③Comparedwithlastyear,thepriceofwheathasdecreased____

15%thisyear.2.suspect

①Whatshesaidsoundedconvincing,butIsuspectedit______

(be)alie.

②Darwin__________

(suspect)thatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.③Hewassuspected___

stealingtheringatthepartylastnight,andthepolicewerelookingintothematter.3.blame

①Aspokesmansaidthatbadweatherwaspartly_________(blame)forthedelay.

②TheextinctionofthePintaIslandtortoise__________

(blame)onhumans.

③Don’talwaysblameyourownfailure____

others.Youshouldbeartheblame____failure.4.defend

①Itisthenatureofamothertodoallshecantodefendherchild_________

harmanddanger.②Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhandsasif___

defence.③Manymartialartswereinventedbecausepeopleneededtodefend___________(they)orprotectothers.④Inadditiontoblogging,takingphotosandwritingarticlesaboutthereef,hemadeanumberofappearancesontelevisiontoargueinfavourofits________(defend).⑤Thedamwasbuilttodefendtheroadfrom_____________(wash)awaybythesea.

5.come

down

with

①Sincemygrandfathercamedown_____

thedisease,wehavetakenturnstocareforhim.②Hewouldcome____

andpatmeontheshoulder,insistingsmilingly,“Letmeexplainwhy.”③Shelly-Ann,alittlewomanwithabigsmile,hasamentaltoughnessthatdidnotcome______

bychance.④IlikedtravelinginFrance,butwhenitcame___

pickingmyfavoritespottosettle,Italywastheclearwinner.6.带all的短语填空

TheuniversityIrecommendtoyouisBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversity.____________,you’dbetterlearnsomebasicChinesebeforeyoucome._________,youwillbeundercompletelyunfamiliarcircumstances._________,studyingforadegreeinadifferentcultureisnoteasy______.

一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1.shiftA.vi.挪动；B.vt.推卸，转移；C.n.轮班；

D.vt.改变（观点或态度等）(1)Thethoughtofworkingnightshiftsputheroffbecominganurse.(2)Hetriedtoshifttheblameforhismistakesontohiscolleagues.(3)Publicattitudestowardsmarriagehaveshiftedoverthepast50years.(4)It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)CBDA2.subscribetoA.同意；赞成；B.把……捐赠给……；C.订购(1)Hesubscribestotheviewthatchildrencanbenefitfrombeingindependent.(2)AmythoughtitwasworthwhiletoreadEnglishnewspaperseverydaysoshesubscribedtothe21stCentury.(3)Manypeoplesubscribedmoneytotheeducationfund.

3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思

(1)Theresearchlackssolidproof,andtherefore,itsconclusionsaredoubtful.(2)Shealwaysseemstobecastinthesamesortofrole.(3)Hereadthroughthepapersandmadeanabstractoftheircontents.(4)Overtwentyprisonerswerecrushedintoasmalldarkcell.(5)Thegovernmentneedstopumpmoremoneyintocommunitycare.ACB可靠的；确凿的分配（角色）；选派摘要；概要牢房；小房间投入；注入用decrease、suspect、blame、defend写以下句子1.据报道，由于智能手机的问世，看杂志的人数在减少。（应用文写作之网络科技)2.当我们开始窃窃私语时,她皱起了眉头,向我们投来怀疑的目光。(读后续写之动作描写)3.由于被指责考试没考好，女孩忍不住掩面痛哭。（读后续写之情绪描写）4.看到这条凶猛的蛇,他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。

(读后续写之动作描写)Itisreportedthatthenumberofpeoplereadingmagazinesisdecreasingduetotheappearanceofsmartphones.Whenwestartedwhispering,hefrownedandcastasuspiciousglanceatus.Blamedforfailingtheexam,thegirlcouldn'thelpcryingwithherfacecovered.Seeingthefiercesnake,herushedoverlikeanarrowtodefendhisson.课后巩固完成作业纸一基础练习及总复习手册168页高考探究第二课时

课文与重点句式I.拓展词汇1.

adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→

adv.严重地；严格地；严厉地

2.

adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的→

vt.使懊丧;使懊恼

3.

adj.相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的→

vt.反驳;相矛盾

4.

vt.使感染；传染→

n.感染；传染

5.

n.证据；证明；检验→

v.证明；被发现是6.

adj.数量多的;多种多样的→

v.乘;乘以;成倍增加

7.

__

n.介入;出面;干涉→

_

vi.介入;干涉

8.

vt.使改观;使改变形态vi.改变;转变→________

n.转化severeseverelyfrustratedfrustratecontradictorycontradict

infect

infection

proof

provemultiplemultiplyintervention

intervene

transform

transformation

9.

n.思想；思维；见解→

v.想；考虑→

n.思想者；思考者→

n.想法

10.

n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决→

vt.找到；发现

11.

adj.最初的

开始的;第一的→

adv.起初

12.

_

n.机械师;机械修理工→

adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的

13.

vt.保卫;防守;辩解→

n.防卫→

adj.防御的

14.

n.助理;助手→

vt.&vi.帮助;协助;援助→

n.帮助;援助

15.

___

n.领导;领导地位;领导才能→

vi.&vt.领导;导致→

 ______

n.领导者;首领→

adj.领先的;主要的thinkingthinkthinkerthoughtfindingfindinitialinitiallymechanicmechanicaldefenddefencedefensiveassistantassistassistanceleadershipleadleaderleading佳句背诵1.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatCholera.作为一位年轻医生，约翰斯诺变得沮丧，因为没有人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱。2.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.他发现，在两条特定的街道上，霍乱爆发非常严重，10天内就有500多人死亡。3.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.这位妇女似乎非常喜欢水泵里的水，以至于她每天都让人把水送到她家。大声朗读背诵；注意红色字体佳句背诵4.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.因此，他把水泵的把手拆掉，这样水泵就不能用了。5.Perhaps

nootherscientisthashadagreaterimpactonChina’saerospacesciencethanQianXuesen.也许再没有哪位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。6.Oncethemathswascorrected,itshowedthatthebigbang

theory―andnotthesteadystatetheory―wastrue.一旦数学被修正，它表明大爆炸理论，而不是稳态理论，是正确的。大声朗读背诵；注意红色字体1.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatCholera.(疑问词+todo)2.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.（so...that...）AfterthatwenevertalkedaboutTheresaorthenightIwasmadatherforbeingTheresa’sfriend.ButIknow

becauseofthatnight,somethinginsidemechangedand

__________________________________(我学会了如何正确对待他人).佳句仿写IlearnedhowtotreatothersproperlyHewas_________________(如此害怕以至于)hiskneeswereknocking.sofrightenedthat_____________________________________________(我为考试紧张得睡不着觉).(倒装句)SonervouswasIaboutmyexamsthatIcouldn’tsleep3.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.(havesth.done)4.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.(sothat引导目的状语从句)Iintendedtotakeupapart-timejob,throughwhichIcan___________________________(开阔我的视野).havemyhorizons佳句仿写broadenedYoushouldtrytospendsometimedoingsportseveryday_______________________________(以便你能保持健康和活力).sothatyoucankeepfitandenergetic5.PerhapsnootherscientisthashadagreaterimpactonChina’saerospacesciencethanQianXuesen.(否定词+比较级)6.Oncethemathswascorrected,itshowedthatthebigbangtheory―andnotthesteadystatetheory―wastrue.佳句仿写_____________________________________(没有什么比健康更重要).____________________________(一旦她下了决心),nothingcanchangeit.NothingismoreimportantthangoodhealthOnceshehasmadeuphermindAsfarasIamconcerned,___________________________________(没有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了).nothingismorepleasantthantravelling

重点句式结构点播讲解：1、“疑问词十不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语或双重宾语等成分。①Wehaven‘tdecidedwheretogo.我们还没有决定去哪里。(作宾语)②Myquestioniswheretofindtheanswer.我的问题是在哪里能找到答案。(作表语)③Howtoovercomethepresentdifficultiesmadehimanxious.如何克服当前的困难使他焦虑。(作主语）2、(1)have/get+宾语+done”结构

done是过去分词作宾语补足语。包括两层意思:

a.让别人去做某事

①Hewillhave/getthecomputerrepairedtomorrow.他明天让人给他修电脑。

b.(主语)遭受到(意外的损失或不幸)②Hehadhiscomputerstolentheotherday.前几天他的电脑被偷了。(2)havesth.todo

表示“有某事要做”,不定式作定语。

Doyouhaveanythingimportanttodotoday?(3)havesb.dosth.

“让某人做某事”

Theteacherhadthestudentsfinishtheexerciseintenminutes.(4)have十宾语+doingsth.“让某人或某物持续某种状态It'scold.Weshouldhavethefireburningallthetime.3、until引导的时间状语从句Cholera

used

to

be

one

of

the

most

feared

diseases

in

the

world,until

a

British

doctor,John

Snow,showed

how

it

could

be

overcome.(P2)在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前,霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。①Everythingwasgoingsmoothly_____Jeffstartedfryingthebread.(2021.新高考I卷）②Shewentupstairsanddidnotreappear______

hermotheraskedhertohavedinner.③ItwasnotuntilIsettleddownandlivedinBeijing_____

IhadachancetopayavisittotheGreatWall.课文中的表语从句1.

Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.2.

Theotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.3.

Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.4.

ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.在复合句中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释说明。一般结构是：“主语+系动词+表语从句”。表语从句必须用陈述语序。e.g.Thequestioniswhobrokethevase.Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.PredicativeClauses(表语从句)常见的系动词有：1.状态系动词：be动词;2.感官系动词：look/feel/smell/taste/sound等；3.变化系动词：get/become/turn/grow/fall/grow等4.持续系动词：remain/stay/keep（仍然）5.表象系动词：seem/appear（似乎，好像）6.终止系动词：prove/turnout(结果是，证明是)表语从句的引导词连接词连词在从句中不作成分that,whether,asif,asthough,because…连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever…连接副词在从句中作状语when,where,how,why…表语从句要点归纳1.表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

e.g.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaristhatitcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.2.that引导表语从句时,仅起连接作用

。

①无意义②不充当成分

③不可省略

e.g.ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.Thereasonforhisabsenceisthathehasn'tbeeninformed.3.whether引导表语从句时，起连接作用，

①有“是否”之意②不充当成分注意：if不能引导表语从句

e.g.Thequestioniswhetheryourunclewillofferhelptous.

4.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，本身具有词义。

e.g.Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.

Theproblemis

whowecangettoreplaceher.表语宾语5.连接副词where,when,why,how等除在句中起连接作用，在从句中还充当地点、时间、原因、方式状语，本身具有词义。

e.g.Thequestionis

whentheywillstarttheproject.

Thequestionishowhedidit.时间状语方式状语6.表语从句的特殊句式：thereasonwhy...isthat...。。。的原因是。。（定从；表从）Thatisbecause...

那是因为。。。（表从，表原因或理由）Thatiswhy...

那就是。。的原因（表从，表结果）

e.g.

1)Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcomeisthathedidn’trecievetheinvitation.2）Brucedidnotwatchthegamelastnight.Thatwasbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.3）Bobhadseenthefilmbefore.Thatwaswhyhedidnotseeityesterday.即学即练1.Thetroubleis

Ihavelosthisaddress.2.Thequestionis

theywillgobyplaneorbytrain.3.Itsounds

someoneisknockingatthedoor.4.Thisis

theweatherhereiscoldandwet.5.That's

Tonygotangrywithme.6.Hehasbecome

hewantedtobetenyearsago.7.Thequestionis

wecanfindthesuitablemanforthejob.

that

whetherasif/thoughbecausewhy

whathow

Tearsofsadnesspoureddownmycheeks.Thiswas_________IfailedtheEnglishexam.Itseemed________Iwerethrownintotheworldofhopelessness.Thekeyproblemwas______Icompletelylostconfidence.Luckily,myEnglishteacher’ssuggestionwasthatIshouldmemorizemorewords.Themostimportantwas________IcouldapplywhatIlearnttopractice.Gradually,asmileappearedonmyfaceagain.becauseasif/thoughthathow语序：陈述语序(主谓)连词：与主语从句的一样，多了asif/asthough,because课后巩固

完成作业纸二第三课时

单元话题写作课前背诵（教材美句）1.BorninShanghaiin1911,QianattendedschoolsinBeijingandthenenteredShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitytostudyRailwayMechanicalEngineering.(人物描写)2.Nevertheless,Qiandidnotletthatdiscouragehimfromtakingonthechallenge.(情感描写)3.On31October2009,thewholecountrywassaddenedbyQian’sdeath.(拟人)4.Besidesbeingbrilliant,hewasbrave,thoughsometimescarelessinwhathesaidordid.(人物描写)5.Hewaswillingtosaywhatotherswereafraidtosay,andtodreamofwhatotherswereafraidtodreamabout.(排比)读后续语料运用KnowingQianXuesen1._____________________________________________(决心回国),theauthoritiesoftheUSboiledwithanger.Theycouldn’tallow2._____________________

(这样一个才华横溢的天才)toleave,3._______________________________(这让他勃然大怒).Nevertheless,Qiandidnotletthat4.________________(使他丧气)andgaveupallhehadachievedinAmerica.HewiselyfoughtwiththeUSandafterovercomingmanydifficulties,hemanagedtoreturntoChinain1955.Hisreturn5._____________(照亮了)China’srocketscienceand6.____________________(在他的领导下),ChinadevelopedtheDongfengmissiles.wasdeterminedtoreturntohismotherlandsuchabrilliantgeniuswhichmadehimflamew