2026年高考考前预测卷-英语（北京专用02）（解析版）

2026年高考考前预测卷（北京专用02）高三英语(考试时间90分钟满分100分)本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MywifeandIusuallydon’tkeephouseplants.Anythinginpotsgetseitheroverwateredorunderwatered.Butaftermydiagnosiswithabraincancer,Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethinggreenand1aroundus.Lastyear,myfriendMitchgavemealuckybambooplant.Tendingtotheplantgavemeasenseof2atatimewhenIsometimesfeltuselessbecausemyabilitytomovewaslimited.Asaphysician,Iwasusedtobeingtheonewho3care.Wateringtheplant4metoacorepartofmyoldidentityandtaughtmeIcouldstillbeacaregiver.However,afterseveralweeksgrowinginperfectcondition,theplant5begantoshowsignsofstress.NomatterwhatIdid,theleaveskept6anddroppingtothefloor.“Ican’tevencareforasimpleplant!”Iyelled.“Ifmyluckybamboodies,Imightdietoo!”Identifyingwiththegreenandgrowingplanthadofferedmecomfort.Butwhenthetreewasstruggling,Ifeltincreasinglyuneasyand7.ItwasseveralmonthslaterwhenIrecoveredfromsurgerythatIrealizedIhadwronglylinkedmycarefulnurturingoftheplant—somethingoverwhichIhadatleastsomecontrol—withmyown8—somethingoverwhichIhadnocontrol.Asmy9lessened,Ibegantostudyonlinetutorialstofigureouthowtocareforthetree.Itransplantedittoalargerpot,andwhenitwasbackinthesunnywindow,webothbegantothrive(旺盛)again.NowwheneverIlookatthetreeinitsnewpot,ImakeapointtorelaxandthinkofthethingsIcan10.1.A.alive B.primitive C.delicate D.mature2.A.warmth B.relief C.achievement D.security3.A.valued B.needed C.provided D.lacked4.A.added B.connected C.adapted D.compared5.A.casually B.interestingly C.genuinely D.mysteriously6.A.spreading B.browning C.waving D.dancing7.A.fearful B.innocent C.faithful D.dishonest8.A.dream B.success C.capability D.survival9.A.discontent B.anxiety C.doubt D.sympathy10.A.give B.share C.decide D.preserve【答案】1.A 2.C3.C 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者身患脑癌后，通过照料一株富贵竹重新找到自我价值，最终领悟到应专注于自己能够掌控的事情。A.alive【详解】形容词词义辨析。句意：但在我被诊断出脑癌后，我喜欢身边有绿色、有生机的东西。A.alive有生命的；B.primitive原始的；C.delicate脆弱的；D.mature成熟的。根据上文“somethinggreen”可知，作者希望身边有鲜活的植物。故选A。C.achievement【详解】名词词义辨析。句意：在我因行动受限而感到无用时，照料这株植物给了我一种成就感。A.warmth温暖；B.relief宽慰；C.achievement成就；D.security安全。与“feltuseless”形成对比，照料植物让作者获得价值感。故选C。C.provided【详解】动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名医生，我习惯了提供照顾。A.valued重视；B.needed需要；C.provided提供；D.lacked缺乏。providecare为固定搭配，意为“提供照顾”。故选C。B.connected【详解】动词词义辨析。句意：给植物浇水将我与过去身份的核心联系起来，让我知道我仍可以是一个照顾者。A.added增加；B.connected联系；C.adapted适应；D.compared比较。connect…to…把……与……联系起来。故选B。D.mysteriously【详解】副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在完美生长几周后，这株植物莫名地开始出现萎靡迹象。A.casually随意地；B.interestingly有趣地；C.genuinely真诚地；D.mysteriously莫名地。根据后文无论如何照顾都不见好，可知情况来得奇怪。故选D。B.browning【详解】动词词义辨析。句意：无论我做什么，叶子不断变褐、掉落在地上。A.spreading伸展；B.browning变褐；C.waving摆动；D.dancing舞动。植物枯萎的典型表现是叶片变褐。故选B。A.fearful【详解】形容词词义辨析。句意：但当植物长势不好时，我感到越来越不安和恐惧。A.fearful害怕的；B.innocent无辜的；C.faithful忠诚的；D.dishonest不诚实的。与uneasy并列，体现作者对健康的担忧。故选A。D.survival【详解】名词词义辨析。句意：我错误地将自己对植物的照料与自己的生存联系在一起。A.dream梦想；B.success成功；C.capability能力；D.survival生存。结合癌症背景，作者关心的是生存。故选D。B.anxiety【详解】名词词义辨析。句意：随着我的焦虑减轻，我开始在网上看教程学习如何照顾这株植物。A.discontent不满；B.anxiety焦虑；C.doubt怀疑；D.sympathy同情。术后康复，作者的焦虑减少。故选B。C.decide【详解】动词词义辨析。句意：现在每当我看着新花盆里的植物，我都会刻意放松，想想我能决定的事情。A.give给予；B.share分享；C.decide决定；D.preserve保存。呼应主旨：关注可控之事。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。ASixyoungmenallrespondedtothecallsforhelpfrominsideawreckedcaronerecentmorningwhenthey11(walk)toschool.Awoman,12(believe)tobeinher50s,collidedwithanothervehicle.Theimpactjammedbothherpassengeranddriver’ssidedoorsshut.Together,theyoungmenworkedtoopenthepassengerdoorinaneffort13(save)thewomantrappedinthecar.Thegroupofguyssucceededinfreeingthewomantrappedinhercar.Andtheyhavereceivedsignificantattention14theirheroicact.11.werewalking(过去进行时) 12.believed（过分）13.tosave（不定式） 14.for（介词）【解析】11.werewalking【详解】考查时态。句意：一天清晨，六个年轻人正步行去上学，听到了失事车辆内的求救声。when引导时间状语从句，强调过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。12.believed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一名据信50多岁的女子与另一辆车相撞。woman与believe为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。13.tosave【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：年轻人们合力打开副驾驶车门，努力救出被困女子。inanefforttodosth.努力做某事。14.for【详解】考查介词。句意：他们因这一英勇行为受到广泛关注。receiveattentionfor…因……受到关注。BTheoriginofvolunteeringcanbetracedbacktothe12thcenturyBritain,15thereweremorethan500hospitalsoperatedbyvolunteers.Theword“volunteering”,takenfromtheFrenchvolontaire,started16(use)inthe18thcenturywhenpeoplewerewillinglyjoiningthemilitaryservice.However,today,thewordismoreconnectedwithcommunityservice.Itmaysurprisesomethatthebiggestrevolutioninvolunteering17(bring)bytheinventionoftheInternet.Helpfulplatformswereraised,andmorevolunteersbecameinterestedwhentheyfoundoutaboutvariousopportunities.【答案】15.where(定从) 16.beingused/tobeused（非谓语） 17.wasbrought（过去时，被动）【解析】15.where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：志愿服务的起源可以追溯到12世纪的英国，当时有500多家医院由志愿者运营。先行词为地点名词Britain，从句缺地点状语，用where引导。16.tobeused/beingused【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“volunteering”一词始于18世纪，指人们自愿服兵役。start后可接todo或doing，且与use为被动关系，故用被动形式。17.wasbrought【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：志愿服务最大的变革是由互联网的发明带来的。主语revolution与bring为被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时被动语态。CFacedwithhealthornutritionquestions,itis

18(increase)commonforpeopletogoonlineanddiagnosethemselves.ButtheInternetisfullofconflictinghealthwarningswithnoregulationtoremovethewrongadvice,someof19

isextremelydangerous!Also,searchenginesrankresultsbypopularityratherthanaccuracy,sosolidfactscanbetrickytofind.Itisworth

examining20thewriterofanonlinepieceisproperlyqualifiedas

an

expert.Remember,onlyofficially

recognizedpracticingdoctorsaswellasdietitianshavedegreesingivingmedicalsuggestions.【答案】18.increasingly（词性转换） 19.which（定从） 20.whether（宾从）【解析】18.increasingly【详解】考查词性转换。句意：人们上网自我诊断变得越来越普遍。修饰形容词common，用副词形式。19.which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：互联网充满矛盾的健康警告，其中一些极其危险。非限制性定语从句，先行词为advice，指物，用which引导。20.whether【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：有必要检查网络文章作者是否具备专家资质。宾语从句表示“是否”，用whether。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AStudentsapplyingtocollegesthatusetheCommonApplicationshouldhandinanessayof650words.Thatincludestheessaytitle,notes,andanyothertextthatyouincludeintheessay.WhatCanYouAccomplishin650Words?Evenifyoutakeadvantageofthefulllengthavailabletoyou,keepinmindthat650wordsisnotalongessay.It'sroughlytheequivalentofatwo,double-spacedessay.Mostessaystendtobebetweenthreeandeightparagraphsdependingontheapplicant'swritingstyleandessaystrategy.Asyouplanyouressay,youdefinitelywanttokeepthelengthrequirementinmind.Manyapplicantsattempttodotoomuchwiththeiressaysandthenstruggletoeditthemdownto650words.Realizethepurposeofthepersonalstatementisnottotellyourlifestoryortogiveanexhaustiveoverviewofallofyouraccomplishments.Letyourlistofextracurricularactivities,academicrecord,lettersofrecommendation,andsupplementalessaysandmaterialsshowyourrangeofaccomplishments.Thepersonalstatementisnottheplaceforlonglistsorcatalogsofachievement.Towriteanengagingandeffective650wordorshorteressay,youneedtohaveasharpfocus.Narrateasingleevent,orilluminateasinglepassionortalent.Allowenoughspaceforself-reflectionsothatwhateveryourtopicisyouspendatleastsometimetalkingaboutitssignificancetoyou.Again,usetheessaytonarrateanengagingstory.Makesureithighlightssomethingyoucareaboutdeeply,andbesuretoprovideawindowintoyourinterestsorpersonalitythatisn'talreadyobviousfromtherestofyourapplication.AFinalWordAboutEssayLengthWiththeprimaryCommonApplicationessay,youwillneedtocomeinat650wordsorfewer.However,youwillfindthatmostsupplementalessaysontheCommonApplicationhavedifferentlengthguidelines,andcollegesthatdon'tusetheCommonApplicationwillhavedifferinglengthrequirements.Nomatterwhatthecircumstances,makesureyoufollowtheguidelines.Ifanessayshouldbe350words,don'twrite370.Finally,keepinmindthatwhatyousayandhowyousayitisfarmoreimportantthanwhetheryouhave550wordsor650words.Ifyou'vesaidallyouhavetosayin500words,don'ttrytopadyouressaytomakeitlonger.Regardlessoflength,thebestwritingwilltellacompellingstory,provideinsighttoyourcharacterandinterests,andarewrittenwithcrispandengagingprose.21.Accordingtothepassage,whatmightbearightthingtodowhilewritinganessay?A. Totellsomeinterestinglifestories.B. Tolistallthepossibleachievements.C. Toshowtherangeofaccomplishments.D. Tohighlightthefocusofonesingleevent.22.Asfortheessaylength,theapplicant________.A. shouldfollowtheguidelines.B. cansethisorherownlimitaccordinglyC. shouldmakesureitnolessthan650wordsD. canwritemorethan650wordswhennecessary23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A. Tostresstheimportanceofessaywriting.B. Tointroducemethodsofwritingagoodessay.C. Toadvertiseawritingcourseforcollegestudents.D. Toremindtheapplicantsofthelengthoftheiressay.【答案】CAD21.D【详解】细节理解题。根据“Towriteanengagingandeffective650wordorshorteressay,youneedtohaveasharpfocus.Narrateasingleevent…”可知，写作时应突出单一事件的重点。故选D。22.A【详解】细节理解题。根据“Nomatterwhatthecircumstances,makesureyoufollowtheguidelines.”可知，申请者必须遵守字数要求。故选A。23.D【详解】主旨大意题。全文围绕申请文书的字数要求展开提醒与说明。故选D。BShespentovertwodecadesworkingherwayupinthescienceindustry,eitherasachemistinalaborinamanagementrole.NowBerkeleyMiddleSchoolteacherMrs.AmyAdamsisemployingherscienceskillsinadifferentenvironment.Shedecidedtomixthingsupabitandcameupwithawinningformulatohelpmakeadifferenceintheclassroom.Mrs.AmyAdamsisourCoolSchoolteacheroftheweek.Shetookacoupleofyearsoffafterhavingchildren.Whilevolunteeringatherkids’school,shewasfascinatedbyeducation.Adamssays,“ThisiswhereIamsupposedtobe.IlovedmyjobandthepeopleIworkedwith,butIjustkeptfeelingunsettled,sofinally,Ichanneledmyenergyintosomethingmeaningful.”Adamssaysshesteppedoutonfaith,andtherestishistory,wellactuallyit’sscience.She’snowinyearsixofteachingseventh-gradescienceatBMS.“Thisismyalmamater.IwalkedthehallsofBerkeleyMiddle.Soitiswithallfourofmychildren.Myyoungestiswalkingthehallsnow.Itjustfeelslikehome,”Adamssaid.Adamsdescribesherteachingstyleasinteractive.Shesays,“Iwantthemtohaveavoiceandlearncriticalthinking,sowefeaturecolorfulactivities.Whetherit’snote-taking,worksheets,doingDNAextractionsonastrawberryordissectingfrogs,theprocessisalwaysinteractive.Bydoingso,Iintendtocultivateacultureoflearningandarousetheirinterestinscience.”LaTanyaButler,principalatBMSsays,“Shewasinthescienceindustry,soshecanrelatetheconceptssheteachestoreallife,whichisoneofthegreatattributestohaveinateacher.”ButlersaysMrs.Adamsalsopushedtoaddanadditionaldaytoherworkweek.“I’vehadtoopenthebuildingatherrequestsoshecanworkonSaturdays.That’sjusttheattitudesheadopts,togooverandbeyondforourstudentshere.IjustappreciateMrs.Adamsforhearingthecalltoswitchtoeducation.IfIcouldcloneMrs.Adamsfiftymoretimes,notonlyBerkeleyMiddlebutschoolsingeneralwouldbenefitfromthatspiritofdedication.”Whenaskedifshemissesworkingintheindustry,Mrs.Adamssays,“I’lltellyouIworkhardernowthanIeverdid,thatI’mmoretirednowthanIeverwas,butIabsolutelylovewhatIdo,andIfeellikewhatI’mdoingmakesadifference.Ican’timaginenotbeinghere.”24.WhatwasthemaincauseforAdams’changingherjob?A．Herloveofeducation. B．Herlackofinspiration.C．Herspiritofvolunteering. D．Herdesireofbeingperfect.25.Adamsusedaninteractiveteachingstyleto______.A.learncriticalthinking B.enjoyscienceclassesC.havecolorfulactivities D.improveteachingeffects26.WhatcanwelearnfromLaTanyaButler’swords?A.Adamscanassociatetheorywithpractice.B.Adams’dedicationwillinspiremoreteachers.C.Adamsworksovertimetoteachstudentsmore.D.Adamsoweshersuccesstoherworkexperience.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAdams?A.Creativeandcompetent. B.Patientandimaginative.C.Devotedandpassionate. D.Warm-heartedandmodest.ADAC【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述AmyAdams从科研行业转行成为中学科学教师，用热情与敬业影响学生的故事。24.A【详解】细节理解题。根据“Whilevolunteeringatherkids’school,shewasfascinatedbyeducation.”可知，Adams换工作的主要原因是对教育的热爱。故选A。25.D【详解】细节理解题。根据“Bydoingso,Iintendtocultivateacultureoflearningandarousetheirinterestinscience.”可知，互动式教学旨在提升教学效果。故选D。26.A【详解】细节理解题。根据“shecanrelatetheconceptssheteachestoreallife”可知，Adams能够将理论与实践联系起来。故选A。27.C【详解】推理判断题。全文体现Adams为学生额外付出、热爱教学，可见她敬业且充满热情。故选C。CFungiCanHelpConcreteHealItsOwnCracksCracksareverycommoninconcretestructuresduetovariouschemicalandphysicalphenomenathatoccurduringeverydayuse.Andtinycrackscanbequiteharmfulbecausetheyprovideaneasyrouteinforliquidsandgasses—andtheharmfulsubstancestheymightcontain.Forinstance,micro-crackscanallowwaterandoxygentoinfiltrateandthencorrodethesteel,leadingtostructuralfailure.Butcontinuousmaintenanceandrepairworkisdifficultbecauseitusuallyrequiresanenormousamountoflaborandinvestment.Scientistshavebeentryingtofigureouthowtheseharmfulcrackscouldhealthemselveswithouthumanintervention.Theideawasoriginallyinspiredbytheamazingabilityofthehumanbodytohealitselfofcuts,bruisesandbrokenbones.Apersontakesinnutrientswhichthebodyusestoproducenewsubstitutestohealdamagedtissues.Inthesameway,canweprovidenecessaryproductstoconcretetofillincrackswhendamagehappens?Throughlongtimeresearch,scientistshavefound

anunusualcandidatetohelpconcretehealitself:afunguscalled

T.reesei.Itisfoundthatascalciumhydroxidefromconcretedissolvedinwater,thepHofthefungalgrowthmediumincreasedfromaclose-to-neutraloriginalvalueof6.5allthewaytoaveryalkaline13.0.Ofallthefungitested,only

T.reesei

couldsurvivethisenvironment.DespitethedrasticpHincrease,itssporesgerminatedintothreadlikehyphalmyceliumandgrewequallywellwithorwithoutconcrete.Scientistsproposeincludingfungalspores,togetherwithnutrients,duringtheinitialmixingprocesswhenbuildinganewconcretestructure.Whentheinevitablecrackingoccursandwaterfindsitswayin,thedormantfungalsporeswillgerminate.Astheygrow,they’llworkasacatalystwithinthecalcium-richconditionsoftheconcretetopromoteprecipitationofcalciumcarbonatecrystals.Thesemineraldepositscanfillinthecracks.Whenthecracksarecompletelycaulkedandnomorewatercanenter,thefungiwillagainformspores.Ifcracksformagainandenvironmentalconditionsbecomefavorable,thesporescouldwakeupandrepeattheprocess.T.reesei

iseco-friendly,posingnoknownrisktohumanhealth.Infact,

T.reesei

hasalonghistoryof

safeuseinindustrial-scaleproduction

ofcarbohydraseenzymes,suchascellulase,whichplaysanimportantroleinfermentationprocessesduringwinemaking.Ofcourse,researcherswillneedtoconductathoroughassessmenttoinvestigateanypossibleimmediateandlong-termeffectsontheenvironmentandhumanhealthpriortoitsuseasahealingagentinconcreteinfrastructure.28.Accordingtothepassage,tinycracksinconcretestructuresmayleadto________.A.DisfunctionevencollapseoftheentirestructureB.ContinuousmaintenanceandrebuildingC.LeakageofliquidsandgassesD.Wasteofwaterandoxygen29.WhatcanweknowaboutT.reesei?A.Itiswidelyusedinbuildingconcretestructures.B.Itcansurviveinextremeenvironment.C.Itcanhelptheconcretecracksheal.D.Itisanewlydiscoveredfungi.30.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.T.reeseimightbeusedonhuman.B.Theresearchisstillatitsinitiallystage.C.T.reesei

isunreplaceableinwinemaking.D.T.reesei

haslong-termeffectsonhumanhealthACB【导语】这是一篇科技说明文。文章主要介绍真菌T.reesei可帮助混凝土裂缝自我修复的原理与应用前景。28.A【详解】细节理解题。根据“micro‑crackscanallowwaterandoxygentoinfiltrateandthencorrodethesteel,leadingtostructuralfailure.”可知，微小裂缝可能导致整个结构失灵甚至坍塌。故选A。29.C【详解】细节理解题。根据“Scientistshavefoundanunusualcandidatetohelpconcretehealitself:afunguscalledT.reesei.”可知，T.reesei能够帮助混凝土裂缝愈合。故选C。30.B【详解】推理判断题。根据“researcherswillneedtoconductathoroughassessment…”可知，该研究仍处于初期阶段。故选B。DThequestionofhowtruckingcapacityisgrowingordecliningiscommoninindustry,buttherealityisthatdemandfluctuationsarefarmoreimportanttomonitorastheyswingmuchmoreviolently.SinceDecemberof2018,thetotaltractorcountfromfor-hirefleets(non-private)hasgrown18%,accordingtotheFMCSA,buthasnevershownamonthlychangeofover2%.Bycontrast,theOutboundTenderVolumeIndex(OTVI),ameasureoftotaltruckloaddemand,hasgrown12%overthesameperiod,butmonthlyfluctuationstopped20%attimes.Evenbeforethepandemic,theOTVIhad5-7%monthlyswingsindemand.GiventheOTVImeasurestotaltendersandisnotapureproxy(指标)forshipments,itisreflectiveofhowfastdemand-sideconditionschangeintrucking.Thepointisthatcapacityshiftsareslowandstable,whiledemandchangesmuchmorerapidlyandisveryunpredictableovertime.Thisistheconsummatestruggleofsupplychainsandtransportationcompaniesacrosstheglobe—howmuchinfrastructure(capacity)isneededtobeabletoflexupbutnothavetoomuchoverheadwhendemandsoftens?Theprocessoforderingandseatingatrucktakesclosetoayear.Thattruckcanhaulroughlyseven500-mileloadsperweek,or360loadsperyear.Thisonlyoccursifshippingpatternsareconsistentanddriversarereadilyavailable,andneitheraretrue.Soitisn’tapurequestionofhowmuchcapacityisavailableinaggregate,butarethosetrucksavailableintherightplacesattherighttimesingeneral?Thismetricisextremelydifficulttoattain.Sincedemandisunevenandspreadunevenlythroughoutthecountry,trucksanddriversneedtoexceedthenumberofshipmentsavailable.Soevenifcapacitygrowsby1%,itjustincreasesthechancesthatloadswillbecoveredmarginally.Probablymoreimportantthananyofthepreviouspointsisthattherearealreadymeasuresoftherelationshipbetweensupplyanddemandintrucking.Tenderrejectionrates(OTRI)andspotrates(NTI)measurewhencapacityismeetingdemandinthecontractandspotmarkets,respectively.Thereislittleuseforknowinghowmuchcapacityisavailableinthefor-hirefreightmarketotherthanbeinginteresting.Butthereisexceptionalvalueinknowinghowwellcapacityanddemandareliningupandinwhatdirectiontheyaretrending.SinceDecember2021tenderrejectionrateshavefallenfromover20%tounder4%,whilespotratesaredown27%.Demand-sideindicatorsareprobablythemostcrucialtogettingtheearliestsignsofmarketshifts,whilerejectionratesandspotratesanswerthetwomostimportantquestionsthatcompanieswantanswered:CanIgetatruckandhowmuchwillitcostme?31.TheOutboundTenderVolumeIndex________.A.isaproxyforshipmentsonlyB.isameasuretotracktruckloaddemandC.cantellthecurrenttruckingcapacityintheUSD.cantelltherelationshipbetweensupplyanddemandintrucking32.Whatproblemdosupplychainsandtransportationcompaniesfacecommonly?A.Howcapacitycanmeetthechangingdemand.B.Howcapacityanddemandcanbepredicted.C.Whatfacilitiesareneededtoshipthegoods.D.Whattruckscanfunctionthebest.33.WhatcanwetellaboutOTRIandNTI?A.Theyarebothmeasuresinthecontractandspotmarkets.B.Theyareoflittleusetoknowthecapacityanddemand.C.TheycanchangetheunevendemandsituationintheUS.D.Theycanhelptotellthecompanieshowmarketmightchange.34.Wherecanweprobablyfindthispassage?A.Inaschoolnewspaper B.Inabook C.InabiographyD.InamagazineBADD【导语】这是一篇社科说明文。文章主要分析货车运输行业运力稳定、需求波动剧烈的特点，以及供需匹配指标的重要性。31.B【详解】细节理解题。根据“theOutboundTenderVolumeIndex(OTVI),ameasureoftotaltruckloaddemand”可知，OTVI是衡量货车装载需求的指标。故选B。32.A【详解】细节理解题。根据“Thisistheconsummatestruggleofsupplychainsandtransportationcompanies…”可知，企业共同面临的问题是运力如何满足不断变化的需求。故选A。33.D【详解】推理判断题。根据“Demand-sideindicatorsareprobablythemostcrucialtogettingtheearliestsignsofmarketshifts…”可知，OTRI和NTI有助于判断市场变化。故选D。34.D【详解】文章出处题。本文为行业分析类文章，最可能出现在杂志中。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyday,thousandsofrangerspatrolnationalparksandotherprotectedareasinAfrica.Theirjobisfraughtwithdanger,bothfromhostilehumansarmedwithautomaticweaponsandfromtheunappreciativeandpotentiallyaggressivewildlife,armedwithtusks,teethandclaws,whichtheyarehelpingtopreserve._____35______Thatisparticularlytrueofdataonpoaching(偷猎),whichremains,inbothsensesoftheword,anelephantineproblem.Since2006Africanelephantpopulationshavedeclinedbyaround30%.In2021,accordingtoMonitoringtheIllegalKillingofElephants(MIKE),aconservationprogramme,around40%ofelephantdeathswerearesultofpoaching.______36_____.TheMIKEdatashowawelcomefallinratesthroughoutthe2010s,butaccordingtoresearchpublishedin2020byScottSchlossbergofElephantsWithoutBorders,acharity,thiscanbeattributedentirelytoadeclineineasternAfrica.Elsewhere,thereisgreatvariationinthepressureonanimalslikeelephants.Someparks,likeGarambaintheDemocraticRepublicofCongo(DRC),arebadlyhit—withmorethan90%ofthebodiesfoundbyrangersbeingvictimsofpoachers.___37___Tountanglethefactorsinfluencingpoaching,TimothyKuiperoftheUniversityofCapeTown,EleanorMilner-GullandatOxford,andateamofcollaboratorshaveanalyseddatacollectedforMIKEbyrangersfrom64sitesin30Africancountriesoverthecourseof19years.Theycorrelatedthesewithpotentiallyrelevantfactors,bothnaturalandhuman,andhavepublishedtheirfindingsintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety.Naturalvariablessuchashabitattype,theydiscovered,makelittledifference._____38_______.Unsurprisingly,lowhouseholdwealth,poorhealth,poorlawenforcementandpoornationalgovernanceallcontributedtohigherratesofpoaching.Sodidthepriceofivory._____39______.Fortheredidnotseemtobemuch.TheimpactwasaconsequenceofafewspecialcasesinDRC,theCentralAfricanRepublicandEthiopia,ratherthanageneralruleaboutyoungmenwithgunsbehavingbadly.Onefactorthatwasunquantifiable,andthereforeuntestable,accordingtoDrKuiper,waslocalpoliticalwilltopreservewildlife.Butthisstudydoesneverthelessconfirmobservationsmadeelsewhere,thatthebestformofconservationisaprosperouspopulation.A.D.Humanonespredominate.B.Theseverityofelephantpoachingvariesfromplacetoplace.C.HumansarethebiggestfactordefiningelephantrangesacrossAfrica.D.Therewasoneunexpectedresult,though—theimpactofarmedconflict.E.Buttheirworkisimportant,notleastbecausethedatatheycollectarecrucialtoconservationplanning.F.Inothers,likeChobe,inBotswana,lessthan10%ofdeadelephantsdiscoveredhavebeenkilledillegally.G.Currentdiscussionofhowtoreducepoachingfocusesontwoareas:reducingdemandandreducingsupply.EBFAD【导语】这是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍非洲大象偷猎现状、地区差异及影响偷猎的关键因素。35.E【详解】过渡句。上文讲护林员工作危险，E项强调他们收集的数据对保护规划至关重要，承上启下。故选E。36.B【详解】主旨句。下文讲不同地区偷猎情况差异大，B项总起“大象偷猎的严重程度因地而异”。故选B。37.F【详解】例证句。前文讲Garamba公园偷猎严重，F项对比其他地区偷猎率很低，构成正反举例。故选F。38.A【详解】过渡句。上文讲自然变量影响小，A项指出“人为因素占主导”，形成转折对比。故选A。39.D【详解】主旨句。下文讲武装冲突的影响是特殊个案，D项“不过有一个意外结果——武装冲突的影响”恰好引出该内容。故选D。第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。TheWeightofWhiteLiesAmantakinghismothertoasurprisepartytellsherthey’regoingtothemall.Awomanfibsthatthestorewasoutofheroverweightboyfriend’sfavoritejunkfood.Atutorassureshisstudentthatherspottyresumélooksfine.Evenbenevolentformsofdeceptioncomeinshadesofacceptability,andpeoplewholearnthattheyhavebeenmisleddon’talwaysseeitthewaydeceiversdo.Aliethat’smeanttoinflatesomeone’sconfidenceordiscourageabadhabit,forexample,ofteninvolvesmakingajudgmentaboutwhat’sbestforthatperson.Thatpresumptioncanbackfire.Inrecentexperiments,participantsplayinganeconomicgameonacomputerreceivedatipthatledthemtooneoftwopossiblepayoffs.Somelearnedthatthesenderofthetiphadliedtothemtosecurethemaparticularoption.Ifthebestoptionhadbeendebatableratherthanobvious—suchasreceiving$10rightawayratherthan$30afterthreemonths—participantsjudgedthatpersonaslessmoralforlyingandwerelesssatisfiedwiththeoutcome,onaverage,evenifitwastheonetheyhadpreviouslysaidtheypreferred.“Peopleseemtofeeltheyhavearighttothetruth,andthatbytakingthataway,youdiminishtheirabilitytoactfreely,”saysstudyco-authorMatthewLupoli,aPh.D.candidateattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.Makingupfalsehoodsisn’ttheonlywaytokindlydeceive,though:Youmightalsosimplyleaveoutunpleasantfacts.RecentstudiesbyUniversityofChicagoresearcherEmmaLevineandcolleaguesexaminedbothtypesoflieinhypotheticalpatient-doctortalksandothercontexts.Peopleintheroleofdeceivertendedtoviewtheomissionofpotentiallyharmfuldetails(suchasapoorprognosis)ascomparabletoormoreacceptablethanofferingacomfortingfiction(thatapatient’soutlookwasfavorable).Butthoseintheroleofthedeceived