2026年高考考前预测卷-英语（上海卷01）（考试版A3）

………………○………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○…学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________试题第=PAGE1*2-11页（共=SECTIONPAGES6*212页）试题第=PAGE1*22页（共=SECTIONPAGES6*212页）………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○………………此卷只装订不密封试题第=PAGE2*2-13页（共=SECTIONPAGES6*212页）试题第=PAGE2*24页（共=SECTIONPAGES6*212页）2026年高考考前预测卷（上海卷01）高三英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。I.Grammar（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.题源出处：改编自《经济学人（TheEconomist）》科技板块《TheSlowRiseofUrbanBeekeeping》UrbanBeekeepingGrowsinPopularityUrbanbeekeepinghasbecomeasurprisingtrendincitiesacrossEuropeandNorthAmericainrecentyears.Ithasspreadtoneighborhoods1________greenspacesarescarceandconcretebuildingsstandtall,drawingpeoplewhooncehadlittleconnectionwithnature.Whatwasonceahobbyforasmallgroupofnatureloversisnowamovementthatattractsallwalksoflife,andthereasonbehinditisclear:beesarevitaltoourecosystem,andtheirnumbers2________(drop)sharplyinthepastfewdecadesduetopollutionandhabitatloss.Citydwellersareeagertodotheirparttoprotectthesetinycreatures.Manypublicbeehives3________(set)upontheroofsoflibraries,museumsandofficebuildingsinrecentyears,providingasafehomeforbeeswhileeducatingthepublicabouttheirimportance.ABritishuniversitystudymadeastrikingfinding:honeyfromurbanhivesisof4________(high)qualitythanthatfromruralones,thankstothediversenectarfromthevariousflowersgrowingincityparksandalongstreets.5________thesweethoneyisanicebonusforbeekeepers,therealrewardishelpingtosavetheseimportantinsectsfromextinction.Urbanbeekeepersoftensharetheirexperiencesonline,6________(hope)toencouragemorepeopletojointhemovement.Theyalsonotethatcaringforbeesteachespatienceandmindfulness,qualitieshardtofindinthefastpaceofmoderncitylife.Noteveryoneisinfavorofthisurbantrend,though.Someexpertswarnthat7________(introduce)toomanyhoneybeesintocitiescouldharmnativebeespecies,socitiesshouldfocusoncreatingabetterenvironment8________beesfirstinsteadofjustaddingmorebeehives.Localgovernmentshavetakentheadviceseriouslyandbuiltmorecommunitygardens,whichsupportbothwildandfarmedbeesinurbanareas.Forthosewhotakeupurbanbeekeeping,theexperienceisoftenlife-changing.AParisianbeekeeper,9________(inspire)byherchildhoodlovefornature,keepshivesonherapartmentroofandchecksonherbeeseverymorningbeforework.Shesaysthissmallroutineis10________preciousmomentofcalminherbusylife,andshehopesmorepeoplewillchoosetojoinintheefforttoprotectbees.Asbeesthriveincities,sowilltheplantsandanimalsthatdependonthem,creatingahealthierandmorebalancedurbanecosystem.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．cultivating

B．delayers

C．temptation

D．effectively

E.motivational

F.energizedG.scheduling

H.favorable

I.identify

J.vision

K.monitoredItistempting,whenyourshinyNewYear’sresolutionsstarttocollapse,totellyourselfthatself-controlsimplyisn’tyourstrongpoint.“Ohwell,”youmightsay,surrenderingtothedesireforalargeglassofbeer.“Nowillpower,that’smyproblem.”But,accordingtoabodyofscientificresearch,willpowerisnotatalentthataluckyfewarebornwith.Itisaskilltobepractised.“Willpowerisadynamicfluctuationresource.”explainsFrankRyan,consultantclinicalpsychologistandauthorofWillpowerfordummies.“Ourlevelofwillpowerfluctuatesaccordingtoourmotivationinanygivensituation.Everybodycanlearntousetheirwillpowermore11.”Evenifyouarenottryingtoturnoveranewleafforthenewyear,12willpowerisagoodidea,asthepsychologistWalterMischeldemonstratedinthe1960sand70s.Inhisfamousstudy,agroupoffour-year-oldswereofferedthechoiceofonesweettreatnow,ortwoiftheycouldwait15minutes.Theirperformancewasthen13intoadulthood.The“high14”wentontoachievegreateracademicsuccess,betterhealthandlowerdivorcerates.“Tomaximizeourchancesofstickingtoresolutions,”Ryansays,“weshould15ourwillpowerprofile.Forexample:somepeoplearemoreimpulsivethanothers.Thatdoescomedowntopersonality.”Introvertstendtoget16bythoughtsandideas.So,ifthat’syou,youshouldfinditeasiertogetmotivatedbyaninner17thanextrovertswhogetfiredupbypeopleandsocialapproval.Forintroverts,18timetoreflectonyourprogress,suchaskeepingadiarycanbehelpful.Forextroverts,signingupforagroupsuchasParkrunorWeightWatcherswhereeveryonehascommongoalcanhelpyoutostrengthenyourresolve,ascansharingevensmallprogresswithothers.“Youneedtolearnthecoreskillstocopewithtriggersandcuesthatactivateyourreward-seekingresponse,”Ryanadds.“It’saboutcopingwith19whichoftencomesfromtheenvironment,thepeople,placesorthingsthatactas20magnetstochallengeyourwillpower.”Inotherwords,ifyouaretryingtoavoidcake,itisprobablybesttofindaroutehomethatservestheartisanaldoughnuts.II.ReadingComprehension(21–35题，每题1分；36–50题，每题2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.Weallknowexerciseisgoodforus.Butwhatifyou’retoobusyduringtheweek?Anewstudyofferssome21news.Theresearchersanalyzedthenumberson51,650adultswithdiabetes(糖尿病),22themintofourgroups:thosewhodidnoMVPA(23-to-vigorousphysicalactivity),thosewhodidlessthantherecommended150minutesperweek,thosewhohit150minutesaweekin3ormoresessions,andthosewho24150minutesaweekin1—2sessions(theweekendwarriors(斗士)).Anylevelofexercisewasshowntobe25,butprimarilyforthosewhoreachedtheMVPArecommendations.Peoplewhoparticipatedin3ormoreweeklysessionshada17percentlowerriskofdyingduringthestudyperiod,26a19percentlowerriskofdyingfromcardiovascular(心血管的)—relatedissues.Theweekendwarriors27evenbetter:thisgroupshoweda21percentlowerriskofall-causemortality(死亡率)anda33percentlowerriskofcardiovascular-relatedmortality.So28youonlyhavetimeforasingleexercisesessionoracoupleofworkouts,youcanstillgetsomeofthesamehealthbenefits.“Eventhosewho29MPVAforlessthan150minutesperweekexperiencedlowerall-causemortalitythanthosewhodidn’t,”writestheteam.Thestudydoesn’t30causeandeffectbyitsuseofself-reporteddatatolookatasnapshotintime—andinonlycoveringpeoplewithdiabetes.However,it’s31bymanypreviousstudiesthatshowanyamountofexercisecanmakeadifference.Mostpastresearchhasagreedthattheweekendwarriorapproachworksaswellasanyother:aslongasyou'rehittingthoserecommended32,yougetthesamebenefitsintermsofbothphysicalhealthandmentalhealth.That'sencouragingforanyone33tofitingymvisitsduringtheMonday-Fridaygrind(期间),butitshouldbepointedoutthatmoststudies(includingthislatestone)defineweekendwarriorsasthosewhoonlyexerciseproperly1—2timesaweek,regardlessofthedays.“Previousstudiesinthegeneralpopulationsuggestweekendwarriorsmayobtain34mortalitybenefitstoregularlyactivepersons.35,estimatesmayvarybypopulationcharacteristics.”writetheresearchers.21．A．satisfying B．encouraging C．disappointing D．surprising22．A．transforming B．initiating C．categorizing D．pressuring23．A．moderate B．muscular C．mental D．mindful24．A．gathered B．managed C．saved D．consumed25．A．sufficient B．noticeable C．necessary D．beneficial26．A．incaseof B．aswellas C．inspiteof D．thanksto27．A．fared B．recovered C．performed D．proceeded28．A．unless B．nowthat C．evenif D．asif29．A．contributedto B．lookedinto C．tookchargeof D．engagedin30．A．integrate B．establish C．justify D．identify31．A．weakened B．yielded C．backed D．resolved32．A．movements B．scales C．targets D．limits33．A．struggling B．rejecting C．affording D．dedicating34．A．superior B．relative C．same D．comparable35．A．Besides B．Instead C．Therefore D．HoweverSectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)MywifeFrancesca,likemanyEnglishwomen,lovestogarden.Oursistheonlygardenintheneighborhoodthatishandcrafted,uniqueandnatural—notafakeoneassembledbyhiredhands.Peopleoftenstoptoadmireit.Imyselfadmireit.Thoughmostlywhilesittingonthepatio(露台)readingabouttheNFL’s(美国橄榄球联盟)newkickoffrules.YeteventhoughI’vebeenaroundFrancescafor50years,andhavebeenenjoyingthesplendorsofthatgardensince1993,Istillcan’ttellflowersapart.I’mOKaroundobviousdelightsliketulipsandroses,butaskmetodistinguishadaisyfromablack-eyedSusanandI’mlostatsea.Soafteralmostahalf-centuryoftakingmywife’sgardeningeffortsforgranted,Idecidedtostopbeinginsensitiveandfigureouthowtotelladaylilyapartfromazinnia.Ididn’twanttomakeabigdealoutofthis,soIdidn’taskFrancescatogivemeacrashcourse.ButIdidstartmakingdiscreetinquiriesandsecretlyleafingthroughherseedcatalogs.WhenweweredrivingthroughKansasonourwaytoColorado,Iwouldaskpointedquestionslike:“Isthatyellowstuffforsythiaoraweed?”And:“Arethoseplantscorn?”Iwasnotanovernightsuccess.NomatterhowhardIappliedmyself,Ijustdidn’thaveanynaturalaptitude(天赋)inthisarea.ButeventuallyIdidmakeabreakthrough.Icannowidentifyhollyhocksandrhododendrons.IprettymuchknowmywayaroundJapanesemaplesandweepingwillows.AndIcantellpeoniesapartfromsimilarflowersbecauseoftheirsomewhatacridsmell.ButImadeashatteringdiscovery.IrealizedthatIcouldonlyidentifyflowersinmywife’sgardenbecauseI’dmemorizedwhereeverythingwas.WhenIwentsomewhereelse,itwasbacktosquareone.ColoradoiscoveredwithRussiansage.Istillconfuseitwithlavender.Inmydefense,Francescastilldoesn’tfullyunderstandthesafetyblitz(突袭)ortheinfield-flyrule,eventhoughshehasbeenwatchingfootballandbaseballwithmeforhalfacentury.Butthosethingsarehardtounderstand.Wisteriaisnot.Ithascometomyattentionthatappsexistthatinstantaneouslyidentifyflowers.Butthat’scheating,likeappsthattellyouhowtopronounce“grenouille”orthatthesongyou’rehearingis“HighwaytoHell.”AndifIcouldn’tgetphonereceptioninthewoodsandFrancescasuddenlyasked:“Isthatalocustorawalnuttree?”I’dbeexposedasafraud(骗子).Still,I’mdeterminedtoonedaybecomeveryfamiliarwiththeworldofflora.I’mgoingtostartbymemorizingoneplantaweek.Thatwayinabout10yearsI’llhavetheplantsknocked.WillIeverbeabletotellforget-me-notsapartfromSiberianbugloss?Idoubtit.WillIeverbeabletosay:“That’saperiwinkleandthat’sacrocus!”ortoinstantaneouslydistinguishbetweendelphiniumsandzinnia?Couldbeatoughone.MaybeifIlivetobe100.ButatleastI’lldietrying.36．Whatdoestheword“discreet”inparagraph3mostlikelymean?A．Confidentandopen. B．Carefulandsecretive.C．Quickandcareless. D．Boldandenthusiastic.37．Whatdoestheauthor’sbreakthroughinidentifyingflowersrevealabouthislearningprocess?A．Helearnedtoidentifyflowersbystudyingtheiruniquefeatures.B．Hedevelopedhisskillsbyconsistentlypracticinginvariousgardens.C．Hememorizedthelocationsofplantsratherthantrulyrecognizingthem.D．Hereliedoncontextclueslikesmellandarrangementtodistinguishflowers.38．Whatdoestheauthor’scomparisonofgardeningtounderstandingfootballandbaseballsuggest?A．Gardeningismoreenjoyablethansports.B．Bothgardeningandsportsareequallyhardtomaster.C．Francescastruggleswithsportsjustashestruggleswithplants.D．Francescashouldteachhimgardeninginreturnforhissportslessons.39．Whatistheauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthearticle?A．Topraisehiswife’sdedicationtogardening.B．Toencouragereaderstolearnmoreaboutgardening.C．Tocriticizetheuseoftechnologyinidentifyingplants.D．Tosharehishumorousstrugglewithplantidentification.(B)TheShimmeringStatebyMeredithWestgate.AtriaBooks,2021($27)Memoroxin,apersonalizedpillthatreplacesmemoriesinpeoplewithAlzheimer’s,isbeingabusedasarecreationaldrug.Disconnectedfromreality,LucienandSophiemeetata“Mem”healthrecoverycenterinLosAngeles,wherepersonalpsychologicaltraumas,alongwithforeignmemories,canberemoved.Theyfeeldrawntoeachother;havetheymetbefore?LikethefilmEternalSunshineoftheSpotlessMind,TheShimmeringStateexploreswhetherthejoysandpainsoflovecaneverbefullyerased.Throughinterconnectedrelationships,thenoveldelvesintosomeofthemoraldilemmasofatechnologythatcancatalogandeditconsciousness.—JenSchwartz

DarkandMagicalPlaces:TheNeuroscienceofNavigationbyChristopherKemp.W.W.Norton,2022($26.95)Navigationisoneofthemostcomplexcognitivetaskshumansengageindaily.Inthisfascinatingdiveintothebrain,neurobiologyresearcherChristopherKempexploreshowweorientwherewe’regoing,whyweloseourway,andwhatscientistsknowabouthowwedoboththesethings.Kemp’sexplanationsofconceptssuchasgridcellsareclearandengaging,butthebookshinesbrightestinhisentertainingdescriptionsofhisownchroniclostness,aswellasinsurprisinglymovingstoriesaboutpeoplewhohavewandereddangerouslyoffroute.Somemakeithome,butothersdon’t.—TessJoosseSecretWorlds:TheExtraordinarySensesofAnimalsbyMartinStevens.OxfordUniversityPress,2021($25.95)EcologistMartinStevenscatalogsanimals’sensorysystemsandhowtheyexceedourownwhileinformingandchallengingourrealityashumans.Thebookhasanarrativeandinquisitivestylethatwillshowexamplesoftheamazingcapabilitiestheyallow,fromnocturnaldungbeetlesthatorientatebyusingtheMilkyWaytoseaturtlesthatnavigatecurrentsbyreadingtheearth’smagneticfields.SecretWorldsisfilledwithlessonsonhowdifferentspeciesevolvedtoperceivetheworld.—JenSt.JudeOnceThereWereWolvesbyCharlotteMcConaghy.FlatironBooks,2021($27.99)AustralianwriterCharlotteMcConaghy(authorofMigrations)deliversathrillingandtouchingnovelaboutawomannamedIntiFlynnandherteamofbiologistswhoreintroducegraywolvesintoScotland’sremoteHighlands.Atfirst,thewolvesseemtothrive,butwhenafarmergetshurt,shesuspectsthemansheloves.Herstoryunfoldsasasocialandscientificmeditationontheconsequencesofinfluencingecosystems,whileremindingusthathumansandanimalsalikecanbreakourhearts.—AmyBrady40．WhatcanweinferfromtheintroductionofTheShimmeringState?A．Memoroxin,whichcuresAlzheimer’s,isarecreationaldrug.B．LucienandSophiefeeldrawntoeachotherforforeignmemories.C．Thebooksuggeststhejoysandpainsofloveshouldbecompletelyremoved.D．Editingconsciousnessbyatechnologymaybringaboutsomemoralproblems.41．Itcanbelearnedfromthewholepassagethat__________.A．amongthefourbooks,onlyDarkandMagicalPlacestouchesuponthetopicofnavigationB．theheroineinOnceThereWereWolvesdoesn’tbelievethefarmerishurtbywolvesC．thehighlightsofDarkandMagicalPlacesareKemp’sexplanationsofsomeconceptsD．McConaghy’snovelmerelyfocusesonthesocialandscientificimpactontheecosystems42．IfBobisinterestedinscienceandwantstogainmoreinsightintoanimals’perceptionoftheworld,whichofthebooksshouldberecommended?A．TheShimmeringState B．DarkandMagicalPlacesC．SecretWorlds D．OnceThereWereWolves(C)Moviemakersconstantlyseeknewwaystodrawpeopleintotheaters.Overtheyears,they’veaddedsoundandcolor,widescreenformats,andadvancedcomputer-generatedimagerytoenhancethemovie-goingexperience.Manyspecialeffectsstartedasgimmicks(噱头)buthavebecomeessentialcomponentsofbig-budgetfilms,whileothershadmoretemporaryappeal.Onepeculiargimmickwastheefforttoaddodors(气味)tomovies.Severalseriousattemptsweremadetoenhancefilmswithodors.In1959,“BehindtheGreatWall”used50odorsthroughatheater’sair-conditioningsystem.In1969,producerMikeToddJr.introducedSmell-O-Visionfor“ScentofaMystery,”releasingscentslikepipesmokeandfoodtoeachseat.Thefilmfailed,andSmell-O-Visiondisappearedfromtheindustry.Anotherfilmmaker,WilliamCastle,employedvariousinexpensivegimmickstoattractaudiencestohislow-budgethorrorfilms.For“Macabre”(1963),heoffered$1,000lifeinsurancepoliciesincaseviewersdiedoffright.In“ThirteenGhosts,”heused“Illusion-O,”providinghandheldghostglassesthatallowedviewerstoseeorremovetheghosts.Althoughthesegimmickswereonlymarginallysuccessfulandoftencausedmorelaughterthanscreams,Castle’smovieswereentertainingandprofitable.“ThirteenGhosts”wasevenremadein2001.The1975movie“Earthquake”introducedSensurroundSound,promisingsoundpowerfulenoughto“crackribs.”Thiseffectwasachievedusinglargesubwooferspeakersthatemittedpowerfulvibrations(震动).However,thevibrationsdisturbedaudiencesinneighbouringtheaters,leadingmosttheaterownerstoabandonSensurround.Onlythreemorefilms—“Midway”(1976),“Rollercoaster”(1977),and“BattlestarGalactica”(1978)featuredtheeffect.Themostfamousspecialeffectis3-D．Studiosexperimentedwiththree-dimensionalphotographyasearlyas1922,butthefirsthit3-Dmoviewas“HouseofWax”in1953.Thiseffectrequiresspecialglassestoprovideeacheyewithaslightlydifferentimage,creatingasenseofdepth.Althoughdozensof3-Dmovieswerereleasedbetween1953and1955,technicalproblemsandeyestraincomplaintscausedthenoveltytowearoff.Forthenext40years,3-Dfilmsbecamelesscommon,primarilyassociatedwithIMAXreleases.However,withimprovedtechnology,3-Dhasmadeacomeback.In2009,a3-Dfilmmadenearly$2.8billionworldwide,ensuringthatmore3-Dmovieswillfollow.Eventhoughsomegimmicksfailed,otherswerelinkedtoboxofficesuccesses.Withadvancingtechnology,newgimmickswillcontinuetoemerge,potentiallyofferingevenmoreexcitingexperiencesformoviegoers.43．WhatcanbelearnedaboutWilliamCastle’sgimmicks?A．Theyscaredviewersgreatly. B．Theydidn’tcostmuchtomake.C．Theydidn’thelptoattractviewers. D．Theyarestillseenintoday’smovies.44．WhatdoSmell-O-VisionandSensurroundSoundhaveincommon?A．Neitherfeaturedsensoryeffects. B．Neitherwaswidelyadoptedintheaters.C．Bothwerecreatedbythesamefilmmaker. D．Bothinvolvedvisualenhancementstomovies.45．Whichstatementabout3-Dmoviesistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thefirsthit3-Dmoviewasreleasedin1953.B．3-Dmovieswerefirstintroducedinthe1970s.C．3-Dmovieswerepopularfromthe1950stothe1990s.D．3-Dtechnologywasmainlyusedforhorrorfilmsbefore2009.46．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．ThehistoryofmovietechnologyB．Theemergenceanddeclineof3-Dmovies.C．Theevolutionandimpactofgimmicksinmovies.D．Thefinancialsuccessofmovieswithspecialeffects.SectionCDirections:thefollowingpassages.ineachblankwithasentenceintheEachsentencebethatsentencesneed.VocabularysnapshotsofamomentintimeItstartedwith“chav”andhasincluded“carbonfootprint”,“omnishambles”and“selfie”.TheOxfordwordoftheyearcampaigncelebrates20yearsofselectingtheword—orsometimestwowords—thatinsomewaysumsupthemoment.Thisyear’swinner,decidedbypublicvote,willbeannouncedsoon.47Thewordsareeitherslangtermsreferringtoanxietiesaboutonlinephenomenaorbehaviour(slop,meaningAI-generatedcontentand“brainrot”causedbyconsumingtoomuchslopandothermaterial)ortheyhavebeenrepurposedorpopularisedbysocialmedia(old-fashionedwordssuchasdemureandlore,andromantasy—ablendofromanceandfantasy).ThelistoverlookshoweventfultheyearwasinreallifewithUKandUSculturalhappeningsprovidingplentyofnotablewordsthisyear.48Climateemergencywaschosenin2019,and“vax”,shortforvaccineandvaccination,tookthespotlightin2021duringtheglobalrolloutofCOVID-19vaccines,whichdominatedheadlinesandeverydayconversation.FromShakespearetoRowling,writershavebeencoiningnewwordsforcenturies.Itisnosurprisethattheinternetistakingover;newtechnologyrequiresnewwordsandnewwaysoftalkingabouthowweinteractwithit.49Thewordsofthelast20yearsthathavefaredbestarenounssuchas“podcast”(acompoundofiPodand“broadcast”)and“selfie”asopposedtothosewordsdescribingsocialtrends.The2022winner,“goblinmode”,isaslangtermthatoriginatedonlinetodescribeapersonrejectingsocialnormsandindulginginmessyorlazybehaviour.Thetermevokesgoblins,wholiveachaotic,unapologeticallyself-absorbedlife.ItledtoaccusationsthatOxfordDictionarieshad“putonaback-to-frontbaseballhatandskateboardedacrossthenews”—asiftheusuallybuttoned-uppublisherweretryingalittletoohardtolookcoolandintouchwithonlineculture.Thatwassortofunfair,giventhatthetermwaschosenbypublicvote.50WhilethewordsmithsatOxfordUniversityPresstrytolookbeyondtheworryingnewscycle,thevocabularysnapshotsofthelast20yearshaverarelybeencheery—the2015“facewithtearsofjoy”emojifeltdesperate.Thisyeardoesn’tlooklikegoingagainstthetrend.A．However,OxfordUniversityPresshasoftenreflectedglobalevents.B．Globalnewsoftencreatesbuzzwordsthatgoviralonline.C．Slang,afterall,isoftenthesparkforvocabularyinnovation.D．Theinventionofthetelephoneisoftencreditedwiththeusageof“hello”and“hi”.E．Allfivecandidatesontheshortlisthaveonethingincommon—theinternet.F．SlangreflectshowtechnologyinfluencesliteratureIII.SummaryWriting(10分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.AgingChimpanzeesPreferSmaller,CloserSocialCirclesManythingshappenwhenpeopleareageing.Apartfromthegreyinghairandwrinkledskin,thereisanemotionalchangewhichcomeswitholderage.Whenhumansreachtheirlateryears,theyfavormorelong-termfriendsandtheirsocialcircleisreduced.Now,forwhatappearstobethefirsttime,scientistshaveseenthesamebehaviorinanotherspecies.Twentyyearsofobservationsofchimpanzeesrevealthatoldermaleschoosetokeepcontactwiththeirestablishedfriendsattheexpenseofotherrelationships.Theresearchersstudied78,000hoursofobservationsmadebetween1996and2016thatfollowedthesocialinteractionsof21malechimpanzeesbetweentheagesof15and58yearsold.Theyclassifiedthechimps’relationshipsdependingontheamountoftimetheysatwithothersandgroomed(梳毛)them.Theythenratedthevariouspairingsasmutualfriendships,wherebothchimpsseemedtoenjoytherelationship;one-sidedfriendships,whereonechimpwasmorekeentobefriendsthantheother;andnon-friendships,whereneitherchimpshowedinterestintheother.Whenthescientistslookedatthepatternsoffriendships,theyfoundthattheo