2026年高考考前预测卷-英语03（全国二卷）（解析版）

1/62026年高考考前预测卷（全国二卷）高三英语·全解全析（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是：C。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Windy. B.Cold. C.Warm.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Theweatherisalittleunusualforthistimeoftheyear.Don’tyouthink,Janet?W:That’strue,Timothy.Butit’ssupposedtogetwarmerlaterintheweek.Atleastthewindhasstopped.2.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Explorethecity. B.Eatout. C.Gotothelibrary.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Sowhatdoyoufancytonight,Amber?I’mprettystarving.W:Well,Max,wehaven’ttriedthatnewKoreanplaceacrossfromtheCityLibrary.Sowhydon’twecheckitout?M:Soundsperfect.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atastore. B.Atabank. C.Atahotel.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,couldyouhelpmewiththeself-checkout?M:Ofcourse,I’dbehappytohelp.Pressthestartbuttonandscanyourpurchases.Thenpressthepaybutton.Weacceptcardsandmobilepayments.4.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Ahouseowner. B.Arepairman. C.Ahouseagent.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,MissCarter.Thanksformeetingmehereattheapartment.W:Oh,I’mexcitedtotakeacloserlook.M:Thisisoneofourmostpopularlistings.Itiswell-maintainedbythecurrentowners,soyoushouldn’thavetoworryaboutmajorrepairsanytimesoon.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theschoolwebsite.B.Theenvironmentalproject.C.Theroofrepairplan.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyouseenthelatestupdateontheschoolwebsite?Thenewplanlooksgreat.M:Yes,Iliketheideaofbuildingavegetablegardenontheroof.It’saverysustainableproject.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatispeople’sattitudetowardtheman’steam?A.Critical. B.Confident. C.Uncertain.7.Whatdoesthemanseeasthemainchallenge?A.Histeam’sunstableperformances.B.Theopponents’unpredictablestrength.C.Pressurefromincreasedfanexpectations.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】W:Howareyoufeelingaboutthevolleyballnextweek?Yourteam’sdonebrilliantlytogetintothefinal!M:Yeah.Everyone’sprettyconvincedwe’llbebringinghomethewinners’cup,sothere’llbeloadsmorefansatthegamethanwe’reusedto.W:Sowilltherebeanychallenges?M:Well,theteamwe’replayingagainstisabitofanunknownquantity.Wedon’treallyknowwhatthey’recapableof.Imean,iftheyhappentobeontopform,astheywereearlierinthetournament,wemaystruggle.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatpercentageofthewoman’ssleepisdeepsleep?A.88%. B.70%. C.12%.9.Whatisthewoman’smainconcernaboutthesleeptracker?A.Causinganxiety.B.Showingcomplexdata.C.Beinginaccurate.10.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Checkdataweekly.B.Ignorethestatistics.C.Stopusingthetracker.【答案】8.C9.A10.A【解析】【原文】W:Thatnewsleeptrackeryourecommendedisfascinating...andslightlyterrifying.M:Howso?Thedata’sbeeneye-openingforme.W:Accordingtothis,for88%ofthetime,Idon’tgetintodeepsleep.M:What’syoursleepefficiency?W:85%lastnight,butitrangesfrom70%to90%.Honestly,knowingthismightbemakingmysleepproblemworse.M:Well,wemonitorsleeptoimproveit,butthemonitoringcausesstress.W:Exactly!Maybeignorancemakesiteasier.M:Tryusingitjustweeklyforsleeppatterns,likeyouraveragesleeptime.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatisthebenefitofinvolvingkidsinchoresaccordingtothestudy?A.Itcanimprovekids’concentration.B.Itallowsabetterparent-childrelationship.C.Ithelpswithkids’long-termdevelopment.12.Howshouldparentsassignchorestokids?A.Letkidschoosetasks.B.Setruleswithkids.C.Assignage-appropriatetasks.13.Whatdoparentsoftenpaylittleattentionto?A.Makingchoresfun. B.Beingarolemodel. C.Praisingtheirkids.【答案】11.C12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Dr.Evans,I’mnotsureifIshouldinsistonmykidsdoingchores.Doesitreallymatter?M:Absolutely.AstudypublishedinChildDevelopmentfoundthatchildrenwhoregularlytakeonhouseholdresponsibilitiesaremorelikelytobeambitiousandindependentadults.W:Thatmakessense,buthowdoIgetthemtodochoreswithoutconstantarguing?M:Thekeyistomatchtaskstothechild’sage.Foryoungerkids,startwithsmalljobs—likehavinga2-or3-year-oldputawaytoys.Around10or11,theycanhandlechangingbedsheets.W:AndhowdoIkeepthemmotivated?M:Startbymakingchoresfun,turningthemintoagame.Also,praisetheireffort—astarchartcanworkwell.Butmostimportantly,andthisisoftenoverlooked,betheexampleyouwantyourchildrentofollow.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatdoesElivaluemost?A.Creatingoriginaldesigns.B.Increasingbrandawareness.C.Gettinggoodacademicgrades.15.HowdidEliandhisbrotherinitiallystarttheirbusiness?A.Bycooperatingwithrelatives.B.Byconductingonlinesurveys.C.Bysellingtopeoplearoundthem.16.WhatwasthebiggestchallengeforEli?A.Choosingattractivelogos.B.Placinglargeordersofmaterials.C.Dealingwithcustomers’complaints.17.WhathelpsHabits365growsignificantly?A.Celebrities’promotion.B.Lowpricesofproducts.C.Followers’goodreviews.【答案】14.C15.C16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:Attheageof17,EliZied,theseniorhighschoolstudentfromNewYorkCity,isalsotheCEOoftheup-and-comingfashionbrandHabits365.Eli,howdoyoubalanceyouracademiclifewithyourbusinessgoals?M:Asastudent,gettinggoodgradesisstillmymainpriority.W:Whatweresomeofthefirstthingsyoudidtostartyourbusinessintheverybeginning?M:Istartedoutcreatingdesignsandmakinglogos,andthenmyolderbrotherSpencercametohelpmewiththebusiness.Wegottheballrollingbysellingtoourclassmates,relatives,andthelike.W:Whatwasthebiggestchallengealongtheway?M:I’dsaythebiggestissuewastheriskofbuyinglargequantitiesofmaterialstobemorecost-efficient.Wehadtobeconfidentthatpeoplewouldlikeandbuyourproducts,soweranonlinesurveysamongourearlyfollowerstogetabettersenseofwhattheywanted.W:You’vegainedlotsofpublicitythroughcelebritiesandinfluencers,rangingfromNBAathletestosingers.Howdidyougoaboutcreatingsuchawidebase?M:Ibasicallycontactedmanyathletes,musicians,andotherswithstrongonlineinfluence.Havinginfluencerswearourproductshasbeenoneofthebiggestdriversofgrowth.Now,wehaveover80,000followers!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.WhatissaidaboutthebookTimeforWhatMatters?A.Itwillbepublishedsoon.B.Itshowshowtomasterattention.C.Ithasdifferentlanguageversions.19.WhatistheprimaryfunctionofDr.Martin’smethods?A.Reducingstress.B.Increasingefficiency.C.Discoveringmeaningfulactivities.20.WhatwillDr.Martindoafterherpresentation?A.Answerquestions.B.Meetsomereaders.C.Takeashortbreak.【答案】18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】W:Ladiesandgentlemen,thankyouforjoiningouronlinesession.Today,wewillbediscussingtimemanagementstrategies.Ourspeaker,Dr.SusanMartin,isarenownedexpertintimemanagement.Shehaswrittenseveralbestsellingbooksonthetopic,includingTheFocusedMind,whichshowsreadershowtomastertheirattention,andTimeforWhatMatters,apracticalguidetopriority-basedliving.Bothworkshavebeentranslatedintomultiplelanguagesandarereachingaglobalreadership.Thepresentationwilllastforabout45minutes,followedbya15-minuteQ&Asession.Duringthetalk,Dr.Martinwillcoverkeystrategies,includingsettingcleargoals,prioritizingtasks,andusingtimeblockingtechniques.Thesemethodsaredesignedtoincreaseefficiencyandcreatespaceformeaningfulactivities,and,aboveall,toreducestress—abenefitthatmanyfindbothfreshandvaluable.Tomakethemostofthissession,pleasetypeyourquestionsintothechatboxthroughoutthepresentation.Iwillselectsomeofthemostrepresentativequestions,andDr.Martinwilladdressthemafterhertalk.Thankyouagainforbeinghere—let’sbegin.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（原创）2026GlobalYouthEco-LeadershipSummerProgramHostedbytheInternationalYouthEnvironmentalAlliance(IYEA),the2026GlobalYouthEco-LeadershipSummerProgramisa3-weekimmersiveexperiencedesignedforteenagersaged14-18whoarepassionateaboutenvironmentalprotectionandeagertoturntheirideasintoaction.Unliketraditionalsummercamps,thisprogramcombineshands-onfieldwork,expert-ledworkshops,andcross-culturalcollaborationtonurturethenextgenerationofeco-leaders.ProgramTracks&CoreActivitiesWeoffer4specializedtrackstomatchdifferentinterests,withalltracksincludinga5-dayfieldprojectandafinalgroupactionplanpresentation:•CoastalConservationTrack:Focusonoceanplasticpollutionmonitoring,coralreefrestoration,andsustainablefishingadvocacy,basedinthecoastalcityofXiamen.•UrbanGreeningTrack:Exploreurbanbiodiversity,communitygardenbuilding,andlow-carboncitydesign,withfieldworkinShanghai’seco-communities.•RenewableEnergyTrack:Learnaboutsolarandwindenergytechnology,visitrenewableenergybasesinGansu,anddesignaffordablecleanenergysolutionsforruralareas.•Policy&AdvocacyTrack:Masterenvironmentalpolicywriting,publicspeaking,andcampaignplanning,withguidancefromUNEnvironmentProgrammeexperts.Eligibility&ApplicationApplicantsmustbeaged14-18,haveabasiccommandofEnglish(forinternationalworkshops),andsubmita300-wordpersonalstatementaboutyourenvironmentalexperienceorideas.Nopriorleadershipexperienceisrequired—wewelcomeallpassionateyoungpeople.•EarlyApplicationDeadline:April15,2026(witha15%feediscount)•RegularApplicationDeadline:May30,2026•ProgramDates:July15–August4,2026What’sIncludedTheprogramfeecoversaccommodationatstudentdormitories,threedailymeals,allworkshopmaterials,fieldtriptransportation,andeventinsurance.Internationalairfare,personalexpenses,andoptionalweekendtoursarenotincluded.Wealsoofferfullscholarshipsforstudentsfromlow-incomefamiliesorruralareas,withapplicationsopenuntilApril10,2026.Formoredetails,visitourofficialwebsite:,oremailusatyouth_eco@.21.Whichtrackfocusesonoceanplasticpollution?A.UrbanGreeningTrackB.RenewableEnergyTrackC.Policy&AdvocacyTrackD.CoastalConservationTrack22.Whatisthebenefitofearlyapplication?A.FullprogramscholarshipB.15%programfeediscountC.FreeprogramaccommodationD.PrioritytoUNexpertworkshops23.Whatdoestheprogramfeecover?A.DailymealsB.InternationalairfareC.WeekendtourexpensesD.PersonalshoppingexpensesA篇【答案】21-23DBA【话题】青少年环保领导力暑期项目介绍【文章大意】本文是一篇项目招募应用文，介绍了国际青年环境联盟主办的2026全球青年生态领导力暑期项目，该项目面向14-18岁环保爱好者，明确了四大专业赛道、申请资质与时间节点、报名费包含及不含的费用范围，旨在通过实地实践、专家工坊与跨文化协作培养青少年环保领袖。【解析】21.【答案】D【考点】细节理解题【解题思路】根据题干核心定位词oceanplasticpollution，锁定原文「ProgramTracks&CoreActivities」板块中CoastalConservationTrack的内容，该赛道明确将海洋塑料污染监测作为核心方向，选项D与原文表述完全匹配。【干扰项分析】A、B、C三项分别为城市绿化、可再生能源、政策与倡导赛道，其核心研究内容均与海洋塑料污染无关，属于张冠李戴。22.【答案】B【考点】细节理解题【解题思路】根据题干核心定位词earlyapplication，锁定原文「Eligibility&Application」板块，早申截止日期后明确标注可享受15%的费用折扣，选项B与原文福利表述一致。【干扰项分析】A项全额奖学金面向低收入家庭/农村地区学生，并非早申专属福利；C项项目住宿本身包含在报名费中，与是否早申无关；D项原文未提及“优先参加联合国专家工坊”相关内容，属于无中生有。23.【答案】A【考点】细节理解题【解题思路】根据题干核心定位词programfeecover，锁定原文「What’sIncluded」板块，报名费明确包含每日三餐，选项A为原文直接信息。【干扰项分析】B项国际机票、C项周末旅行费用、D项个人购物费用，原文均明确说明不包含在报名费中，与原文信息相反。B（原创）Onacrispautumnmorningin2024,16-year-oldLilaMeistoodbyPoyangLake,hercamerafixedonaflockofwhitecranesglidingacrossthewater.Formostpeople,thewetland’sbeautyliesinitsnaturalsounds,butforLila,bornwithseverehearingimpairment,itspeaksthroughvisuals:lightthroughgrass,acrane’swingmovements,thelake’sseasonalcolorchanges.Growingupbythelake,Lilaspentherchildhoodwanderingthewetlandwithherretiredfishermangrandfather,whotaughthertorecognizeeverybirdandplant,andseethewetlandasalivinghome.Butasateen,shewatcheditshrinkyearbyyear:illegalfishingnetsdottedthewater,constructiondamagedreedbeds,andcranenumbersdroppedsharply.Whenshetalkedtoclassmatesaboutit,manydidn’tknowhowtocommunicatewithahearing-impairedgirl,andfewcaredaboutthewetland.That’swhenLilapickedupacamera.Withyearsofsavedpocketmoney,sheboughtasecond-handcameraandtaughtherselffilmingandeditingthroughfreeonlinetutorials.Unabletohear,shefocusedentirelyonvisualstorytelling:close-upsofbabybirds,time-lapseofthewetland’sseasonalchanges,slow-motionoffishtrappedinplasticnets.Herfilmhadnovoiceover,onlysoftnaturalsoundsrecordedbyfriendsandsimplesubtitlesexplainingthewetland’svalue.In2025,her15-minutedocumentaryHomeoftheCranespremieredatherschool,andsoonspreadwidelyacrosstheprovince.Ittouchedcountlesspeople,pushedthelocalgovernmenttoissuenewwetlandprotectionrules,andmadeherthefirstdeafChinesefilmmakertoentertheInternationalYouthEnvironmentalFilmFestival.“Youdon’tneedtoheartheworldtoprotectit,”shewrote.“Youjustneedtolookclosely,andcareenoughtoact.”24.WhydidLiladecidetofilmthewetland?A.ShewantedtobecomeafamousfilmmakerB.Shewantedtofollowhergrandfather’sadviceC.Shewasworriedaboutthewetland’sdeclineD.Shewantedtowinaninternationalfilmaward25.WhatcanwelearnaboutLila’sdocumentary?A.ItwasmadebyaprofessionalteamB.ItusedauniquevisualstorytellingstyleC.ItincludedmanyinterviewswithlocalpeopleD.Itonlyfocusedonthebeautifulsceneryofthewetland26.Whatisthemainfunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.ToshowthethemeofthepassageB.TointroduceLila’sbasicbackgroundC.TosummarizeLila’sgreatachievementsD.Toexplainthevalueofwetlandprotection27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLila?A.OutgoingandambitiousB.HumorousandcreativeC.GenerousandoptimisticD.DeterminedandresponsibleB篇【答案】24-27CBBD【话题】听障女孩以纪录片推动湿地保护【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了16岁重度听障女孩Lila，因目睹鄱阳湖湿地生态持续衰退，用自学的拍摄技术制作湿地纪录片，成功唤醒公众环保意识、推动当地出台保护新规，同时实现自我价值的正能量故事。【解析】24.【答案】C【考点】细节理解题【解题思路】根据题干核心问题WhydidLiladecidetofilmthewetland，锁定原文第二段，Lila亲眼见证湿地面积萎缩、生态恶化，且身边人对湿地保护漠不关心，这是她拍摄纪录片的核心动因，选项C与原文表意完全一致。【干扰项分析】A项原文未提及她的拍摄初衷是成为知名电影人；B项祖父仅教她认识湿地动植物，并未建议她拍摄纪录片；D项入围国际电影节是拍摄完成后的结果，并非拍摄初衷，属于本末倒置。25.【答案】B【考点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干定位词Lila’sdocumentary锁定原文第三段，Lila因听障无法依靠声音叙事，全程专注于特写、延时、慢镜头等视觉表达，无旁白仅搭配简单字幕，由此可推断其纪录片采用了独特的视觉叙事方式，选项B符合文意。【干扰项分析】A项Lila自学拍摄剪辑，仅朋友帮忙录制环境音，无专业团队参与制作；C项原文未提及纪录片包含人物采访，属于无中生有；D项纪录片既拍摄了湿地美景，也记录了生态破坏的现状，“仅聚焦风景”属于曲解文意。26.【答案】B【考点】段落功能题【解题思路】首段通过场景化描写，介绍了主人公Lila的重度听障背景、与鄱阳湖湿地的特殊情感联结，奠定了全文叙事基调，为下文讲述她拍摄纪录片的故事做铺垫，选项B准确概括首段功能。【干扰项分析】A项首段未提及纪录片、湿地保护等核心主题，无法点明全文主旨；C项Lila的成就集中在第四段，首段未涉及；D项首段未解释湿地保护的生态价值，属于无中生有。27.【答案】D【考点】推理判断题【解题思路】全文中，Lila面对自身听障的生理困境、他人对湿地保护的漠视，依然坚持用镜头记录湿地现状，用纪录片唤醒公众意识，最终推动当地出台保护新规，充分体现了她意志坚定、富有社会责任感的品质，选项D符合人物形象。【干扰项分析】A项原文提到Lila与同学交流时常遭遇尴尬沉默，未体现“外向”的性格特点，“有野心”也与原文塑造的人物形象不符；B项“幽默”的特质在原文无任何体现；C项原文未提及Lila“慷慨”的相关行为，属于无中生有。C（原创）Everyyear,over14milliontonsofplasticwasteendupintheworld’soceans,accordingtotheUNEnvironmentProgramme.Thiswastekillsmillionsofmarineanimalseachyear,pollutesfragilecoastalecosystems,andbreaksdownintomicroplasticsthatenterthefoodchainandreachthehumanbody.Mostofthisplasticcomesfromsingle-usepackaging,designedfordaysofusebutabletopersistinoceansforhundredsofyears.Now,scientistsandstartupsworldwideareturningtoanunlikelysolutiontothisglobalcrisis:fungi.Attheheartofthisinnovationismycelium(菌丝体),theroot-likestructureoffungi.Madeoftinythread-likefilaments,myceliumgrowsbyfeedingonorganicmatter,bindingintoastrong,flexible,fullybiodegradablematerial.Tomakefungalpackaging,manufacturersuseagriculturalwaste(wheatstraw,ricehusks,sawdust)asagrowthmedium,mixitwithmyceliumspores,placeitintomolds,andletitgrowinacontrolledenvironmentfor5-7days.Itisthenheat-treatedtostopgrowth,formingalightweight,durablepackagingmadewithoutharmfulchemicals,hightemperaturesormassiveenergyinput.Unlikeplasticthatneverfullybreaksdown,fungalpackagingis100%biodegradable.Itdecomposesinsoilin30days,andmostimportantly,fullybreaksdowninseawaterwithin3-6months,leavingnomicroplasticsortoxicresidues.Thismakesitanidealreplacementforplasticpackagingusedtotransportseafood,cosmeticsandelectronics,majorcontributorstomarineplasticpollution.Majorcompaniesworldwideareadoptingthetechnology.ADutchstartupFungiPackusesitforseafoodshipping,whileChinesefirmMycoGreenproducesitforelectronics,reportinga70%reductionincarbonemissionscomparedtoplasticproduction.Itstillfaceschallenges:highercostthanmass-producedplastic,andpoorwaterresistance.Butwithongoingoptimization,itwillsoonbecomeaviablealternativetomostocean-boundplastic.“Plasticwasamiracleinvention,butweforgottodesignmaterialsfortheendoftheirlife,”saysDr.JaneZhao,aTsinghuaUniversitymaterialsscientist.“Myceliumworkswithnature,notagainstit.That’sthefutureofsustainablepackaging.”28.Whatisthebiggestadvantageoffungalpackagingovertraditionalplastic?A.Itischeapertomass-produceB.ItcanbereusedmanytimesC.ItcanfullydegradeinseawaterD.Ithasalongerservicelifeinwetareas29.Whatcanweinferabouttheproductionoffungalpackaging?A.IthasalowercarbonfootprintthanplasticB.Itdependsonhigh-qualityfarmlandC.ItrequiresalotoffreshwaterandheatD.Itismorecomplexthanplasticproduction30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“viable”inparagraph4probablymean?A.RareandvaluableB.CheapandabundantC.ComplexandadvancedD.Practicalandfunctional31.WhatisDr.Zhao’sattitudetowardsmyceliumpackagingtechnology?A.NeutralB.DoubtfulC.CriticalD.OptimisticC篇【答案】28-31CADD【话题】真菌包装解决海洋塑料污染的创新方案【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文，以全球海洋塑料污染的严峻现状为背景，介绍了真菌包装的核心原料、生产工艺、完全可生物降解的核心优势、商业化应用现状，同时客观说明了其现存挑战与未来发展前景。【解析】28.【答案】C【考点】细节理解题【解题思路】根据题干核心定位词biggestadvantage，锁定原文第三段，原文通过“mostimportantly”明确强调，真菌包装最核心的优势是在海水中3-6个月可完全降解，且不残留微塑料和有毒物质，从根源上解决海洋塑料污染问题，选项C与原文核心表述完全匹配。【干扰项分析】A项目前真菌包装生产成本略高于大规模生产的传统塑料，与原文信息相反；B项原文未提及“可多次重复使用”的特点，属于无中生有；D项原文明确说明真菌包装的防水性仍需优化，在潮湿环境中使用寿命无优势，与原文信息相反。29.【答案】A【考点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干定位词productionoffungalpackaging锁定原文第二段与第四段，第二段说明其生产无需有害化学物质、高温环境和大量能源，第四段提及国内企业生产该产品的碳排放比塑料生产降低70%，由此可合理推断真菌包装的生产碳排放远低于传统塑料，即碳足迹更低，选项A符合文意。【干扰项分析】B项真菌包装的培养基为麦秆、稻壳等农业废弃物，无需依赖优质农田，属于曲解文意；C项原文明确说明其生产无需高温环境，也未提及需要大量淡水，与原文信息相反；D项真菌包装生产周期仅5-7天，工艺流程简单，“比塑料生产更复杂”属于无中生有。30.【答案】D【考点】词义猜测题【解题思路】结合上下文语境，划线词前提及真菌包装目前存在成本、防水性的挑战，但研究人员正持续优化材料；划线词后接“替代海洋塑料产品”，由此可推断，随着技术升级，真菌包装将成为塑料产品“实用的、可行的”替代品，选项D符合语境。【干扰项分析】A项“稀有且有价值的”、B项“便宜且充足的”、C项“复杂且先进的”，均无法与前文“技术优化”、后文“替代塑料产品”的逻辑形成呼应，不符合上下文语境。31.【答案】D【考点】观点态度题【解题思路】根据题干定位词Dr.Zhao’sattitude锁定原文最后一段，Dr.Zhao指出真菌包装不仅能解决塑料污染问题，还能实现与自然的共生发展，并明确称其是“可持续包装的未来”，由此可判断她对该技术持乐观态度，选项D正确。【干扰项分析】A项Dr.Zhao对该技术有明确的积极正向评价，并非中立态度；B项“怀疑的”、C项“批判的”，均与Dr.Zhao的积极态度完全相反。D（原创）Ascitiesexpandrapidlyacrosstheglobe,naturalhabitatsareshrinking,pushingthousandsofspeciestothebrinkofextinction.A2025UNreportshowsurbanizationhascauseda58%declineinglobalurbanbiodiversityoverthepast30years,withinsects,birdsandnativeplantshithardest.By2050,anestimated68%oftheworld’spopulationwillliveincities,puttingmorepressureonfragileurbanecosystems.Fordecades,traditionalconservationhasfocusedonbuildinglargeprotectednaturalreservesoutsidecities.Butgrowingresearchshowsthekeytosavingurbanbiodiversitymaylieinthesmallesturbanspaces:sidewalkcracks,balconycorners,rooftopedges,orroadsideverges.Theseoverlookedspacesarewhatecologistscall“urbanmicro-habitats”—miniatureecosystemssupportingnativespeciesevenindensecities.Unlikelargeurbanparksthatneedsignificantland,fundingandplanning,micro-habitatsarelow-cost,easytocreate,andaccessibletoeveryone.Theycanbeawindowboxwithnativeflowersforbees,abalconywaterbowlforbirds,aleafpileinacommunitygardenforinsects,orapatchofnativegrassonarooftopforground-nestingbirds.Thepowerofthesetinyspaceshasbeenprovenbyglobalstudies.A2025Berlinstudycompared100residentialcommunities:halfwithmicro-habitatprojects,halfwithout.Afteroneyear,themicro-habitatcommunitiessawa320%increaseinpollinatorinsects,210%morenativebirdspecies,and180%morenativeplantvarietiesthanthecontrolgroup.SimilarresultswerefoundinTokyo,SingaporeandChengdu,China:evenonesquaremeterofnativeplantscansupportdozensoflocalspecies.Micro-habitatsdemocratizeconservation,turningeverycityresidentintoaconservationistwithoutbigbudgetsorcomplexplanning.Criticsarguetheycanneverreplacelargeprotectedreserves,andthatistrue—theyareavitalsupplement,notareplacement.Together,theyformacompleteconservationsystem.“Wedon’tneedhugelandtosavebiodiversity,”saysDr.LiWei,anurbanecologistatFudanUniversity.“Wejustneedtogivenatureachancetogrow,eveninthesmallestofspaces.”32.Whatdoesthe2025Berlinstudyshow?A.ItonlyworksinEuropeancitiesB.ItcancompletelyreplaceurbanparksC.ItgreatlyimprovesurbanbiodiversityD.Itrequireslong-termprofessionalmanagement33.Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.AsciencefictionnovelB.AnenvironmentalmagazineC.AgovernmentplanningreportD.Alandscapedesignbrochure34.Whichofthefollowingfitstheconceptofurbanmicro-habitats?A.BuildingalargecentralcityparkB.BanningpetsandoutdoorgardeningC.GrowingnativeplantsonapartmentbalconiesD.Creatinganewurbannaturereserve35.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.LargenaturalreservesarenolongereffectiveB.UrbanizationhascausedaglobalbiodiversitycrisisC.TinyurbanspacesplayakeyroleinprotectingurbanbiodiversityD.OnlyprofessionalorganizationscancarryoutconservationworkD篇【答案】32-35CBCC【话题】城市微生境对保护城市生物多样性的核心价值【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文，以城市化导致全球城市生物多样性大幅下降为背景，介绍了城市微生境的定义、核心特点，通过权威研究数据证明其能显著提升城市生物多样性，阐述其“全民可参与环保”的社会意义，并明确其与大型自然保护区的互补关系，提出了城市生态保护的新方向。【解析】32.【答案】C【考点】细节理解题【解题思路】根据题干核心定位词2025Berlinstudy锁定原文第三段，研究结果显示，设置微生境的社区内，传粉昆虫、本土鸟类、本土植物种类均出现大幅增长，直接证明城市微生境能极大提升城市生物多样性，选项C与原文研究结论完全匹配。【干扰项分析】A项东京、新加坡、成都的同类研究也得出了相似结果，说明其并非仅在欧洲城市有效；B项原文明确说明微生境无法替代大型城市公园和自然保护区；D项原文第二段提到微生境低成本、易创建，无需复杂规划和专业管理，与原文信息相反。33.【答案】B【考点】文章出处题【解题思路】全文围绕“城市微生境保护生物多样性”展开，基于权威研究数据，介绍相关核心理念、实践价值与社会意义，属于面向大众的环保科普类内容，符合环境科学杂志的内容定位与受众特点，选项B正确。【干扰项分析】A项全文基于真实的科学研究与数据，无任何虚构情节，不属于科幻小说；C项政府规划报告以政策制定、落地措施、整体规划为核心，本文无相关政策内容，不符合报告体裁；D项景观设计手册以实操设计方法、行业技术规范为核心，本文仅介绍微生境的理念与生态价值，并非设计指南，不符合手册定位。34.【答案】C【考点】概念理解题【解题思路】原文对urbanmicro-habitats的核心定义为：利用城市中被忽视的微小空间，打造低成本、易操作的微型生态系统，为本土物种提供栖息地。选项C“在公寓阳台种植本土植物”，完全契合“微小空间”“本土物种”的核心概念，符合定义。【干扰项分析】A项修建大型中央公园、D项新建城市自然保护区，均是利用大面积土地打造的生态空间，不符合“micro（微小）”的核心定义；B项禁止户外园艺，与原文“鼓励居民通过园艺打造微生境”的理念完全相反。35.【答案】C【考点】主旨大意题【解题思路】全文以城市生物多样性下降为背景，引出“城市微生境”的核心概念，通过研究数据证明其保护生物多样性的实际价值，阐述其全民可参与的社会意义，最后说明其与大型自然保护区的互补关系，所有段落均围绕“城市微小空间对保护城市生物多样性的重要作用”展开，选项C精准概括全文主旨。【干扰项分析】A项原文明确说明大型自然保护区是生态保护的重要部分，微生境仅为其补充，“大型保护区不再有效”与原文信息相反；B项“城市化导致生物多样性危机”仅为全文的背景引入，并非核心主旨；D项原文核心观点是“微生境让每个普通居民都能参与生态保护”，该项与原文表意完全相反。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thisscientificallyproventrickisatotalgame-changerforanyonewhocooks.Weallknowthefamiliarsting;youstartchoppinganoniononlytoendupwithtearsstreamingdownyourface.Whydoesthishappen?____36____Whenyoucutanonion,youbreakitscells,releasingsulfur(硫磺)compoundsthatformagas.Thisgasmixeswiththenaturalmoistureinyoureyes,creatingamildacidthatcausesirritation(刺激).____37____Thisisaprotectivereaction,notanemotionalcry.Theothermajorcauseistinydroplets.Asaknife—especiallyablunt(钝的)one—pressesintotheonion,itsqueezestheinnerliquid.Whentheskinbreaks,thisliquidformsdropletsthatsplashupward,directlyintoyoureyes.____38____Asharpknifeslicescleanly,causingfarlesstissuepressureanddropletspraythanadullone.Usingablunttoolmakesthetearproblemmuchworse.Furthermore,theseflyingdropletsposeanadditionalhealthrisk.____39____Ifpresent,thesegermscanbespreadaroundyourkitchenbythesamedropletsthatmakeyoucry,increasinginfectionrisk.Therefore,asharpknifeisatoolforbothcomfortandsafety.Whatisthebestsolution?Simplysharpenyourknives.Thestudytestedcommontipslikewashingonionsincoldwaterorcoolingtheminthefridge,andfoundtheydidnotwork.____40____Butforasimpler,science-backedmethodtominimizetearsandmess,asharpbladeisyourmosteffectivechoice.A.Onionscansometimescarrybacteria.B.Noteveryoneneedsprotectionwhileslicingonions.C.Thisfindinghighlightstheimportanceofyourknife.D.Inresponse,youreyesproducetearstowashtheirritantaway.E.Forcompleteprotection,safetyglassescreateareliablebarrier.F.Researchersnowhaveuncoveredbothachemicalandaphysicalreason.G.Thisuncomfortablesituationkicksyoureyesintofull-onprotectionmode.【答案】36.F37.D38.C39.A40.E【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了切洋葱时流泪的原因，并指出使用锋利的刀是减少流泪和杂乱的最有效方法。36.F【解析】上文“Whydoesthishappen?(为什么会这样呢？)”提出了切洋葱时流泪的原因这一问题，空后“Whenyoucutanonion,youbreakitscells,releasingsulfur(硫磺)compoundsthatformagas.Thisgasmixeswiththenaturalmoistureinyoureyes,creatingamildacidthatcausesirritation(刺激).(当你切洋葱时，你会破坏它的细胞，释放出形成气体的硫化合物。这种气体与你眼睛中的天然水分混合，产生一种引起刺激的弱酸。)”具体解释了切洋葱时流泪的化学原因，以及“Theothermajorcauseistinydroplets.(另一个主要原因是微小水滴。)”指出了切洋葱时流泪的物理原因。选项F“Researchersnowhaveuncoveredbothachemicalandaphysicalreason.(研究人员现在发现了化学和物理两个方面的原因。)”符合语境，起到了承上启下的作用。故选F。37.D【解析】上文“Thisgasmixeswiththenaturalmoistureinyoureyes,creatingamildacidthatcausesirritation(刺激).(这种气体与你眼睛中的天然水分混合，产生一种引起刺激的弱酸。)”解释了切洋葱时释放的气体与眼睛中的自然水分混合产生刺激弱酸这一情况，