2017年英语四级考试试题

2017年英语四级考试试题

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouhavetwooptionsupongraduation:oneistofindajobsomewhereandtheothertostartabusinessofyourown.Youaretomakeadecision.Writeanessaytoexplainthereasonsforyourdecision.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitem.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.TheriseoftheInternethasfundamentallychangedhowweaccessinformationandcommunicate.However,thisdigitalrevolutionhasalsobroughtaboutsignificantchallenges,particularlyconcerningprivacyanddatasecurity.Whenweuseonlineservices,weoften__1__vastamountsofpersonaldata,fromourbrowsinghabitstoourlocationhistory.Companiescollectthisdatato__2__targetedadvertisingandimproveuserexperience.Whilethiscanbeconvenient,itraisesseriousquestionsaboutwhoownsthisinformationandhowitisused.The__3__ofdatabreaches,wherehackersgainunauthorizedaccesstosensitiveinformation,hasincreaseddramatically.Suchincidentscanleadtoidentitytheft,financialloss,andaprofoundlossoftrust.Furthermore,the__4__collectionandanalysisofdatabycorporationsandgovernmentscanleadtosurveillanceandtheerosionofpersonalfreedoms.Manyusersfeeltheyhavelittle__5__overtheirdigitalfootprints.Inresponse,thereisagrowingdemandforstrongerdataprotectionlawsandmore__6__technologies,suchasencryption.Individualsarebecomingmore__7__oftheironlineprivacyandaretakingstepstoprotectthemselves.Thisincludesusingprivacy-focusedsearchengines,readingtermsofservicemorecarefully,andbeing__8__aboutwhattheyshareonsocialmedia.Ultimately,balancingthebenefitsofthedigitalagewiththerighttoprivacyisa__9__societalissue.Itrequirescooperationbetweenpolicymakers,technologycompanies,andusersthemselves.Aswemoveforward,fosteringdigitalliteracyandpromotingethicaldatapracticeswillbe__10__tobuildingasaferandmoretrustworthyonlineenvironment.WordBank:A)cautiousB)controlC)createD)criticalE)frequencyF)generateG)massiveH)opportunityI)pervasiveJ)sophisticatedK)strategicL)tradeM)transparentN)urgentO)awareSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inaneraofconstantconnectivity,theconceptof"digitaldetox"—voluntarilyrefrainingfromusingelectronicdevicessuchassmartphonesandcomputers—hasgainedpopularity.Proponentsarguethatsteppingawayfromscreenscanreducestress,improvesleep,andenhancereal-worldrelationships.AstudyfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniafoundthatlimitingsocialmediauseto30minutesperdayresultedinsignificantreductionsinlonelinessanddepression.However,criticsquestionthelong-termeffectivenessandpracticalityofsuchdetoxes.Formany,digitaltoolsareessentialforwork,education,andmaintainingsocialties.Completelydisconnectingisnotaviableoption.Instead,someexpertssuggestamorebalancedapproach:mindfulusage.Thisinvolvesbeingintentionalaboutwhenandwhyweusetechnology,settingspecificboundarieslikeno-devicemealsorscreen-freebedrooms,andprioritizingface-to-faceinteractions.Thedebatehighlightsabroaderculturalshift.Wearenolongerquestioningifweshouldusetechnology,buthowwecanuseitinawaythatservesourwell-being.Thegoalisnotnecessarilytousetechnologyless,buttouseitbetter.Thismightmeanturningoffnon-essentialnotifications,curatingoursocialmediafeedstoincludepositivecontent,orschedulingregularofflineactivities.Ultimately,thevalueofadigitaldetoxmaylienotintheactofavoidanceitself,butinthespaceitcreatesforself-reflection.Bytemporarilydisconnecting,individualscanassesstheirrelationshipwithtechnologyandmakeconsciouschoicestointegrateitmorehealthilyintotheirlives.11.WhatisthemainfindingoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniastudy?A)Socialmediaistheprimarycauseofdepression.B)Limitingsocialmediausecanalleviatefeelingsoflonelinessanddepression.C)Thirtyminutesistheoptimaldailytimeforallonlineactivities.D)Real-worldrelationshipsaremoreimportantthandigitalones.12.Whatisthecritics'viewondigitaldetox?A)Itistheonlysolutiontotechnologyaddiction.B)Itishighlyeffectiveforeveryone.C)Itisoftenimpracticalforlong-termadoption.D)Itshouldbemandatedbyemployers.13.Whatdoesthe"mindfulusage"approachrecommend?A)Completeeliminationofsocialmedia.B)Usingtechnologyonlyforworkpurposes.C)Beingdeliberateandsettingboundariesfortechnologyuse.D)Increasingscreentimeforeducationalcontent.14.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthecurrentfocusoftheculturalshiftregardingtechnology?A)Eliminatingalldigitaldevicesfromdailylife.B)Findingwaystousetechnologythatbenefitspersonalwell-being.C)Developingmoreadvancedandaddictiveapplications.D)Encouraginglongerperiodsofdigitaldetox.15.Whatissuggestedasthepotentialtruevalueofadigitaldetox?A)Itallowspeopletocatchuponsleep.B)Itprovidesanopportunityforself-reflectionandreassessment.C)Itpermanentlyreducesone'sdependenceontheinternet.D)Itincreasesproductivityatwork.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thesharingeconomy,exemplifiedbycompanieslikeAirbnbandUber,hastransformedtraditionalindustriesbyleveragingunderutilizedassets.Insteadofowningcarsorsparerooms,peoplecannowmonetizethembysharingwithstrangersviadigitalplatforms.Thismodelpromiseseconomicbenefitsforassetowners,lowercostsforconsumers,andmoreefficientuseofresources.Despiteitsappeal,thesharingeconomyfacessignificantcriticismandregulatorychallenges.Amajorconcernisthelackofprotectionforworkers.Manyparticipantsareclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,whichmeanstheyoftenlackbenefitslikehealthinsurance,paidleave,andminimumwageguarantees.Thishassparkeddebatesaboutlaborrightsinthegigeconomy.Anotherissueistheimpactonlocalcommunitiesandestablishedbusinesses.Insomecities,theproliferationofshort-termrentalshasbeenblamedfordrivinguphousingpricesandreducingtheavailabilityoflong-termrentalsforresidents.Traditionaltaxiservicesandhotelsarguethatsharingeconomyplatformsoperateunderunequalregulatoryconditions,givingthemanunfairadvantage.Lookingahead,thefutureofthesharingeconomywilllikelydependonfindingamiddleground.Regulationsneedtoevolvetoensurefaircompetition,protectworkersandconsumers,andaddresscommunityconcerns,withoutstiflinginnovation.Thecoreideaofsharingresourcesispowerful,butitsimplementationrequirescarefulbalancingtoensureitcontributespositivelytosocietyasawhole.16.Whatistheprimarycharacteristicofthesharingeconomyasdescribedinthepassage?A)Itencouragespeopletobuymoreassets.B)Itutilizesdigitalplatformstoshareunderusedassets.C)Itisfocusedsolelyontransportationandaccommodation.D)Itreplacesalltraditionalbusinessmodels.17.Whatisakeylabor-relatedproblemforparticipantsinthesharingeconomy?A)Theyhavetoworkfixedhours.B)Theyareoftentreatedasemployeeswithfullbenefits.C)Theyareusuallyclassifiedasindependentcontractorswithoutmanybenefits.D)Theyreceivehigherwagesthantraditionalemployees.18.Whatnegativeeffectofshort-termrentalsismentionedinthepassage?A)Theyimprovethequalityofhousing.B)Theyincreasetourismrevenuesignificantly.C)Theycanmakehousinglessaffordableforlocalresidents.D)Theyarealwayswelcomedbycommunityleaders.19.Whatdotraditionalbusinessesliketaxiservicescomplainabout?A)Sharingeconomyplatformsarelessinnovative.B)Theycannotcompeteonprice.C)Sharingeconomyplatformsfacestricterregulations.D)Theyfaceunequalregulatorycompetition.20.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisnecessaryforthefutureofthesharingeconomy?A)Completederegulationtoencouragegrowth.B)Abalancedapproachwithupdatedregulations.C)Areturntotraditionalbusinesspractices.D)Focusingonlyontechnologicalinnovation.PassageThreeQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Forcenturies,storytellinghasbeenafundamentalpartofhumanculture,servingtoeducate,entertain,andpreservehistory.Inrecentdecades,anewformhasemerged:digitalstorytelling.Thiscombinestraditionalnarrativetechniqueswithmultimediaelementslikeimages,audio,video,andinteractivegraphics.Itisusedineducation,marketing,journalism,andpersonalexpression.Digitalstorytellingoffersuniqueadvantages.Itcanmakecomplexinformationmoreaccessibleandengaging.Forinstance,ajournalistcanuseaninteractivemaptoshowtheprogressionofanewsevent,makingiteasierforreaderstounderstand.Inclassrooms,studentscancreatedigitalstoriestodemonstratetheirunderstandingofasubject,developingbothtechnicalandcreativeskills.However,theeaseofcreatingandsharingdigitalcontentalsopresentschallenges.Thelinebetweenfactandfictioncanblur,especiallywithtechnologieslikedeepfakes.Thespeedatwhichdigitalstoriesspreadcanamplifymisinformation.Furthermore,thefocusonvisualappealmightsometimesovershadowthedepthandaccuracyofthecontent.Despitetheserisks,digitalstorytellingisapowerfultool.Thekeyliesinresponsiblecreationandcriticalconsumption.Educatorsandmedialiteracyadvocatesemphasizetheimportanceofteachingpeople,especiallytheyoung,toevaluatesources,checkfacts,andunderstandthetechniquesusedtopersuadeormanipulate.Asthetoolsevolve,somustourabilitytousethemwiselyandethically.21.Whatisdigitalstorytelling?A)Tellingstoriesusingonlywrittentextonline.B)Combiningtraditionalnarrativeswithmultimedia.C)Aformofstorytellingusedonlyinmarketing.D)Replacingalltraditionalformsofstorytelling.22.Howcandigitalstorytellingbenefiteducationaccordingtothepassage?A)Iteliminatestheneedforteachers.B)Itallowsstudentstoshowtheirlearningcreativelyanddevelopnewskills.C)Itensuresallstudentsgetthesamegrades.D)Itfocusessolelyonentertainment.23.Whatisamajorchallengeassociatedwithdigitalstorytelling?A)Itistooexpensivetoproduce.B)Itcanmakeithardertodistinguishtruthfromfalsehood.C)Itisonlyaccessibletoexperts.D)Itreducesaudienceengagement.24.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestiscrucialintheageofdigitalstorytelling?A)Producingasmuchcontentaspossible.B)Relyingsolelyontraditionalnewsoutlets.C)Teachingskillsforresponsiblecreationandcriticalevaluation.D)Banningtheuseofmultimediainstories.25.Whatistheauthor'soverallattitudetowarddigitalstorytelling?A)Entirelynegativeanddismissive.B)Uncriticallyenthusiastic.C)Cautiousbutrecognizingitspotential.D)Indifferentandneutral.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.Youshouldwriteyouranswer.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的艺术，是世界上独一无二的艺术瑰宝。中国书法的发展伴随汉字的发展，历经三千多年，形成了多种书体和流派。书法不仅是书写汉字的技巧，更是一种表达情感和修养的方式。书法家通过笔墨的浓淡、线条的粗细和布局的疏密来传递个人的精神和审美追求。练习书法被认为有助于修身养性、培养耐心和提升专注力。今天，中国书法不仅被视为传统文化的重要组成部分，也继续受到世界各地人们的欣赏和学习。PartIVWriting(ThispartisalreadypresentedasPartI.Thisnoteisforclarityonly.)---答案(AnswerKey)PartIWriting(Note:Thisisamodelessayforreference.)Upongraduation,Ihavedecidedtostartmyownbusinessratherthanseekajobelsewhere.Thisdecisionstemsfromseveralkeyreasons.Firstly,entrepreneurshipalignswithmypassionforinnovationandallowsmetoturnmyideasintoreality.Workingformyselfprovidesasenseofautonomyandpurposethataregularjobmightnotoffer.Secondly,Ibelievestartingabusiness,despiteitsrisks,offersgreaterlong-termlearningopportunitiesandpotentialforgrowth.Iwillhavetomastervariousskills,frommanagementtomarketing,whichwillacceleratemypersonaldevelopment.Finally,Iseeitasawaytocreatevalueandpossiblygenerateemploymentforothers.Whilestable,atraditionaljobmightlimitmycreativepotential.Therefore,Iamwillingtoembracethechallengesofstartingmyownventure.PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.L)trade2.C)create3.E)frequency4.I)pervasive5.B)control6.J)sophisticated7.O)aware8.A)cautious9.D)critical10.N)urgentSectionBPassageOne11.B)Limitingsocialmediausecanalleviatefeelingsoflonelinessanddepression.12.C)Itisoftenimpracticalforlong-termadoption.13.C)Beingdeliberateandsettingboundariesfortechnologyuse.14.B)Findingwaystousetechnologythatbenefitspersonalwell-being.15.B)Itprovidesanopportunityforself-r