英语四级试题2017

英语四级试题2017

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouareaskedtogiveadviceonhowtolearnaforeignlanguage,whatsuggestionswillyougive?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.---PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.TheriseoftheInternethasfundamentallychangedhowweaccessinformation.Inthepast,knowledgewasoften___1___inlibrariesorinthemindsofexperts.Today,avastoceanofinformationisavailableatourfingertips.However,thiseasyaccesscomeswithasignificantchallenge:informationoverload.Weareconstantlybombardedwithdata,news,opinions,andentertainmentfromcountlesssources.Thiscanmakeitdifficultto___2___whatistrulyimportantorreliable.Theabilitytonavigatethiscomplexinformationlandscapeisbecomingacrucialskill.It'snolongerenoughtosimplyfindinformation;wemustbeableto___3___itcritically.Thisinvolvescheckingthecredibilityofsources,identifyingpotentialbiases,and___4___factsfromopinions.Educationalsystemsaroundtheworldareincreasinglyemphasizingtheseskills,oftenreferredtoasdigitalliteracyorcriticalthinking.Moreover,theconstant___5___ofnotificationsandupdatescanbedistractingandmayharmourabilitytoconcentrateondeep,meaningfulwork.Someexpertsarguethatweneedtodevelopbetterhabitsof"informationhygiene,"consciouslychoosingwhenandhowto___6___withdigitalcontent.Thismightmeansettingspecifictimestocheckemailsorsocialmedia,orusingtoolsto___7___irrelevantinformation.Ultimately,whiletheInternethasdemocratizedaccesstoknowledge,ithasalsoplacedtheresponsibilityof___8___andevaluationsquarelyontheindividual.Tothriveinthedigitalage,wemustbecomenotjustconsumersofinformation,but___9___anddiscerningmanagersofit.Thisrequiresacontinuousefforttoadaptandlearn,ensuringthatwecontroltechnology,ratherthanlettingit___10___us.A)evaluateB)storedC)separateD)engageE)filterF)determineG)sophisticatedH)floodI)controlJ)activeK)locateL)acquisitionM)distinguishN)passiveO)consumeSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inrecentyears,theconceptofthe"sharingeconomy"hasgainedimmensepopularity.CompanieslikeAirbnbandUberhavebecomehouseholdnames,allowingpeopletorentouttheirspareroomsorofferridesintheirpersonalcars.Proponentsarguethatthismodelpromotesmoreefficientuseofresources,providesflexibleincomeopportunities,andfostersasenseofcommunity.However,criticsraiseconcernsaboutregulation,safety,anditsimpactontraditionalindustries.Onemajorcriticismistheissueoffairnessregardingregulations.Traditionalhotelsandtaxiservicesaresubjecttostrictsafety,health,andinsuranceregulations.Sharingeconomyplatformsoftenarguethattheirusersarenotprofessionalserviceprovidersbutprivateindividualssharingassets,andthusshouldnotbeboundbythesamerules.Thiscreatesanunevenplayingfield,puttingregulatedbusinessesatacompetitivedisadvantage.Furthermore,whiletheseplatformsoffernewincomestreams,theworkcanbeinsecureandlackinginbenefitstypicallyassociatedwithemployment,suchashealthinsuranceorpaidleave.Theclassificationofworkersasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployeesisacontentiouspointofdebateinmanycountries.Despitethesechallenges,thesharingeconomycontinuestogrow,drivenbyconsumerdemandforconvenience,affordability,anduniqueexperiences.Thequestionforpolicymakersisnothowtostopit,buthowtoadaptexistingframeworkstoensurefaircompetition,protectworkersandconsumers,andharnessthebenefitsofinnovationwithoutstiflingit.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?A)Tocomparedifferentsharingeconomycompanies.B)Tointroducethepopularityandcontroversialnatureofthesharingeconomy.C)Toexplainthetechnologicalbasisofthesharingeconomy.D)Tolistallthebenefitsofthesharingeconomy.12.Accordingtothepassage,whydotraditionalbusinessesfaceacompetitivedisadvantage?A)Theyarenotinnovativeenough.B)Theycannotofferuniqueexperiences.C)Theyaresubjecttostricterregulationsthansharingeconomyplatforms.D)Theirpricesaregenerallymuchhigher.13.Whatisacommonconcernabouttheworkersinthesharingeconomy?A)Theylackprofessionaltraining.B)Theirincomeistoohighcomparedtotraditionaljobs.C)Theyareoftenclassifiedinawaythatexcludesstandardemploymentbenefits.D)Theyworklongerhoursthanemployeesintraditionalindustries.14.Whatdrivesthegrowthofthesharingeconomyaccordingtothepassage?A)Governmentsupportandsubsidies.B)Consumerdemandforconvenienceandlowercosts.C)Thedeclineoftraditionalindustries.D)Highwagesforserviceproviders.15.Whatistheauthor'ssuggestedapproachforpolicymakersregardingthesharingeconomy?A)Tocreatecompletelynewregulationsfromscratch.B)Tobanplatformsthatdonotprovideemployeebenefits.C)Toadaptexistingrulestoensurefairnessandprotectionwhileencouraginginnovation.D)Toleavethemarketentirelyunregulated.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thehumanbrain'scapacityforneuroplasticity—theabilitytoformnewneuralconnectionsthroughoutlife—hasrevolutionizedourunderstandingoflearningandrecovery.Fordecades,itwasbelievedthatthebrain'sstructurewasrelativelyfixedafterchildhood.Modernresearch,however,showsthatthebrainremainsremarkablyadaptable.Thisadaptabilityiskeytolearningnewskills,whetherit'salanguage,amusicalinstrument,orasport.Whenwepractice,repeatedmentalorphysicalactivitystrengthensspecificneuralpathways."Cellsthatfiretogether,wiretogether,"astheneurosayinggoes.Thisprocessisnotlimitedtotheyoung.Adultscananddolearnnewthings,althoughitmaysometimesrequiremoreconsciouseffort.Neuroplasticityalsooffershopeforrecoveryfrombraininjuries.Afterastroke,forexample,undamagedpartsofthebraincansometimesreorganizethemselvestotakeoverfunctionslostduetoinjury.Rehabilitationtherapiesaredesignedtostimulatethisrewiringprocessthroughtargetedexercises.However,neuroplasticityhasa"darkside."Thebrain'sadaptabilitymeansthatnegativepatternscanalsobereinforced.Chronicstress,anxiety,orpaincanleadtomaladaptivechangesinbraincircuitry,potentiallyleadingtopersistentissues.Understandingthisunderscorestheimportanceofmentalhealthandpositivehabits.Ultimately,neuroplasticitypaintsapictureofabrainthatisconstantlybeingshapedbyourexperiences,thoughts,andactions.Itempowersuswiththeknowledgethatwehavearoleinshapingourownbrains,forbetterorworse.16.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)Thedifferencesbetweenchildandadultbrains.B)Theprocessofrecoveringfromastroke.C)Theconceptandimplicationsofneuroplasticity.D)Theimpactofstressonbrainfunction.17.Whatdoestheneurosaying"Cellsthatfiretogether,wiretogether"illustrate?A)Theelectricalnatureofbraincells.B)Howpracticestrengthensspecificneuralpathways.C)Thefixedstructureofthechildhoodbrain.D)Thewaybraininjuriesdisconnectcells.18.Howdoesneuroplasticitybenefitstrokepatients?A)Itpreventsstrokesfromhappening.B)Itallowsotherbrainareastocompensatefordamagedones.C)Itreducestheneedforanyrehabilitation.D)Itmakesthebrainrigidandresistanttochange.19.Whatismeantbythe"darkside"ofneuroplasticitymentionedinthepassage?A)Itcanonlyoccurduringchildhood.B)Itcanmakelearningmoredifficultforadults.C)Itcanreinforcenegativepatternslikechronicstress.D)Itisonlyatheoreticalconceptwithnorealproof.20.Whatistheauthor'soverallmessageaboutneuroplasticity?A)Itismostlyrelevantforscientists,notthegeneralpublic.B)Ourexperiencesandchoicesactivelyshapeourbrain'sstructure.C)Thebrain'sstructureisultimatelyfixedandunchangeable.D)Itissolelyapositiveforceforlearningandrecovery.PassageThreeQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thewidespreadadoptionofremotework,acceleratedbytheglobalpandemic,hasledtoasignificantreevaluationofthetraditionaloffice.Whilemanyemployeescherishtheflexibilityandlackofcommute,companiesaregrapplingwithchallengesrelatedtocollaboration,companyculture,andproductivitymeasurement.Aprimaryadvantageforemployeesisautonomy.Theabilitytostructureone'sowndayandworkfromapreferredenvironmentcanleadtoincreasedjobsatisfactionandbetterwork-lifebalance.Foremployers,benefitsincludeaccesstoawidertalentpoolunrestrictedbygeographyandpotentialreductionsinoverheadcostslikeofficerent.However,thedrawbacksarebecomingincreasinglyapparent.Spontaneouscollaborationandtheinformalexchangeofideasthatoftenhappeninofficecorridorscanbedifficulttoreplicateonline.Newemployees,inparticular,maystruggletointegrateintothecompanycultureandbuildessentialmentoringrelationshipsremotely.Furthermore,thelinebetweenworkandpersonallifecanblur,leadingtoburnoutforsome.Lookingahead,ahybridmodelseemstobethefavoredcompromiseformanyorganizations.Thisapproachallowsemployeestosplittheirtimebetweentheofficeandremotelocations,aimingtocapturethebenefitsofbothworlds.Successinthisnewerawilllikelydependoninvestinginbetterdigitalcollaborationtools,redefiningperformancemetricsawayfrommerehourslogged,andintentionallyfosteringconnectionandcultureamongdistributedteams.21.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A)Acomparisonofdifferentdigitalcollaborationtools.B)Theimpactofthepandemiconglobalhealth.C)Theadvantages,disadvantages,andfutureofremotework.D)Howtobuildcompanycultureinatraditionaloffice.22.Accordingtothepassage,whichisNOTmentionedasanadvantageofremotework?A)Reducedcommutingtimeforemployees.B)Lowerofficerentalcostsforemployers.C)Easierspontaneouscollaboration.D)Accesstoageographicallybroaderrangeoftalent.23.Whatisaspecificchallengefornewemployeesworkingremotely?A)Theyhavetoworklongerhours.B)Theymayfindithardtointegrateintocompanyculture.C)Theyreceivetoomuchsupervision.D)Theylackaccesstonecessarytechnology.24.Whatdoesthe"hybridmodel"refertointhecontextofthepassage?A)Amodelthatusesbothhumanandartificialintelligence.B)Aworkarrangementcombiningofficeandremotework.C)Astrategyfocusingonlyonreducingcosts.D)Acompanyculturethatisbothtraditionalandmodern.25.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestiskeyforthesuccessoffutureworkmodels?A)Mandatingafullreturntotheoffice.B)Focusingperformancemeasurementsolelyonhoursworked.C)Investingintoolsandredefiningmetricsandculture.D)Hiringonlyemployeeswholiveneartheoffice.---PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.Youshouldwriteyouranswer.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门古老的汉字书写艺术，历经数千年的发展，已成为中国文化的独特符号。它不仅仅是交流的工具，更被视为一种高雅的艺术形式和精神修养的途径。书法家通过毛笔、墨、纸和砚台（inkstone）这些简单的工具，创造出千变万化的线条和形态，表达个人的情感和品格。练习书法需要极大的耐心和专注，有助于修身养性。今天，书法仍然深受中国人喜爱，也是许多外国人了解中国文化的窗口。---PartIVWriting(AlternativeTask-ThiswouldnotappearinthesametestasPartI,providedforpracticeonly.)---答案AnswerKeyPartIWriting(ModelEssay)Learningaforeignlanguageeffectivelyrequiresacombinationofmethods.First,consistencyiskey.Dedicateaspecifictimeeachdaytopractice,evenifit'sjust20minutes,asregularexposureiscrucial.Second,immerseyourselfinthelanguage.Listentomusic,watchmovies,orreadnewsinthetargetlanguagetoimprovelisteningandcomprehensionnaturally.Third,don'tbeafraidtospeak.Practicewithnativespeakersorlanguagepartners,anddon'tworrytoomuchaboutmakingmistakes—theyarepartofthelearningprocess.Fourth,buildyourvocabularysystematically,perhapsbylearningasetnumberofnewwordsdailyandusingtheminsentences.Finally,understandtheculturalcontextbehindthelanguage,asitenrichesyourunderstandingandmakeslearningmoremeaningfulandenjoyable.PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.B)stored2.F)determine3.A)evaluate4.M)distinguish5.H)flood6.D)engage7.E)filter8.L)acquisition9.J)active10.I)controlSectionB11.B)Tointroducethepopularityandcontroversialnatureofthesharingeconomy.12.C)Theyaresubjecttostricterregulationsthansharingeconomyplatforms.13.C)Theyareoftenclassifiedinawaythatexc